HOC TAP UA L A M THEO T A M GDQNG DAO D O i : HO C H i M I N H
XAY DUNG DOI NGO CAN DO CAP CO SO HIEN NAY THEO TIJ T I J 6 N G HO CHJ MINH
• TS. THAN MINH QUE n
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inh thfli, ChO tjeh Ho Chi fVlinh da khang djnh: "Can bf la edi gfl'c cua mgi cflng viec"''', "Mufln viec thanh cflng hogc thdt bai d i u do can bf tot hay kem"'^'. Do dfl, vlfic xay dyng d f i ngu cdn bg nfli chung vd dpi ngu can bfl cd sfl (xd, phQflng, thj tran) nfli rieng efl y nghta hfi't sQe quan trpng.ThUc t l cho thay, muln glQ vQng va phat huy dugc vai trfl quan trgng eua ed sfl, van de efl y nghTa quye't djnh la co dgi ngu can bf dO ve so lypng vd bao dam v l chd't IQdng, dap Qng dfli hfli cda nhiem vy xay dyng he thong chinh trj fl ed sfl.
NhQng ndm qua, Vift Nam da gianh dUdc nhieu thdnh tyu to Ifln, quan trgng ve chinh trj, kinh te - xa hfli. Tuy nhien, cd luc, cfl ndi d p Oy, chinh quyin chua quan tdm dung mQc tdi cong tdc edn bp cd sfl. Dpi ngu edn bf cd sfl cfln nhilu y l u kem, bd't cap nen cfl ndi da de xay rg nhQng van d l phQc tgp, keo ddi, trfl thdnh nhQng "diem nflng" bj eae the lyc thu djeh lpi dyng, kich dflng, 161 keo quan chdng cho'ng dfl'i ehfnh quyen, gay mit I n djnh xa hfi. Vi t h i , va'n d l xdy dyng dpi ngu can bf cd sfl vdng manh trfl thanh mpt yeu d u quan trgng, nhiem vu d p bach phdi dQpc nhan thdc ddy dd vd triin khai mot each cfl hifu qua. Mufl'n xay dyng mft dfi ngu can bg cd sfl vdng manh, can Idm ro nhQng vd'n d l cfl tinh ly ludn, dap Qng dUdc dol hfli cda thyc tiln d l giai quye't nhdng yfiu cau trUflc mat va cd chien lupc phat trien lau dai.
De xay dyng d f i ngu cdn bp cd sfl ngang tam yfiu d u nhiem vu trong glal dogn hifin (*) Hi$u trudng Trudng Chinh trj tinh Bac Giang
nay phdi thuc hifin ding bfl nhilu gidi phap, trong dfl d n nghien edu, qudn trifit ddy dO td tuflng cOa ChO tjeh Ho Chf Minh ve cflng tac can bf, trfin cd sfl dfl van dung mft each day dO, dOng d i n va phu hpp vfli tinh hinh thycte fl tdng dja phUdng. TrUflc mat d n giai quyit tfl't mpt so van d l sau:
Mit la, nang cao nhan thUc cua dgi ngu can, bg ding vien ve tim quan trgng eua cd sd va ddi ngu ein bd d cd sd. Ngay 9/12/1961, trong bai nfli chuyfn vfli can bg, ddng vien hoat dfng lau nam, ChO tich Ho Chi Minh da nfli : "Dong ehf ndo fl hdp tdc xa lam tfl't la anh hdng... Cho lam vific fl xa la hen thi khflng dung"'^'. Tai Hfi nghj cdn bp mien nui, thang 9/1962, NgUfli nhan mgnh: "Phai rasdc"
boi dQflng can bg dja phddng, cdn bf nd va cdn bf xa v l mgl mat"'"'. Ddng ta da co nhilu van kifin t h i hifin ro tam quan trgng cua cP sfl va cdn bf fl cd sfl, nhUng trong thyc t l chung ta chQa Idm dung va chQa lam tit. Vi vdy, phdi sflm khie phyc nhdng nhgn thdc lech Ige trQfle ddy, phai tham nhudn sdu sac tU tQdng cua Chu tjch H i Chi Minh v l vj trf, tim quan trpng cda ed sfl, efl ke hogch xdy dyng dpi ngu can bg cd sfl vdng manh v l mgi mat, phai de ra ke hogch, d l an eu t h i , sdt thyc nham tao nguon can bg, xay dyng dfli ngiJ can bp dO so lupng, co chat IQdng d l lanh dgo, to chQc thyc hifn tot nhifm vg. Khflng d l xdy ra tinh trgng bj dfng, lung tdng trong viec phdn eflng bo tri can bf, tinh trgng "dau ra" cda cdn bf v l hQu la "dau vao" cda can bf CP sfl, hoac do thie'u can bf md phai bo tri nhdng ngUfli nang lyc, trinh df y l u kem, khflng Idm dupc fl nhQng ndi khac ve Idm vlfic fl cd sfl.
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To chire nha nu** so 5/2016Hal la, tim hiiu rd die diem va ydu ciu cu thi cua ea sd di tuyin chon, dio tao vi bo trf ein bg. Can bg ed sfl chfnh Id nhdng ngQfli trye t i l p dQa duflng loi, chfnh saeh cda Ddng, Nhd nufle den vfli qudn ehung. Id nhdng ngQfli gdn gui nhdt vfli ngQfli ddn. Muln phat huy dQpe vai tro tryc tilp lanh dgo, chl dao qudn Chung fl cd sd, to chQc, phat dfng ede phong trdo cdeh mgng cda quan chung ngay trdn dja ban, ngufli cdn bfl phai hieu ro ddc dilm, yfiu cau cy t h i eda cd sfl. B l tri dung ngufli, dung vife, ddp Qng yfiu d u cy t h i cOa tdng dja bdn, tdng do! tupng, tdng tfnh chd't cflng vifc fl cd sfl se cfl k i t qud cy t h i , Idm cho mpi chd trUdng, chfnh saeh cOa Ddng, Nhd nuflc sflm di vdo cupe sing, tgo sy ehuyin bifin tfch eye cd v l chfnh trj, kinh t l , vdn hfla, xa h f i , an ninh, trdtty an toan xd hgi trfin dja ban. Nhieu dja phUdng da chO trgng va idm to't vifc xay dyng dpi ngu edn bf cd sfl. Tuy nhien fl mgt s l cd sfl, viec lya chgn cdn bf chUa dap Qng yfiu d u , vifie s i p xfi'p, b l tri efln mang tfnh eye bp dia phQdng, dflng hp. Do dfl, can bp fl nhieu ndi cd dO s l lUpng, nhQng hifu qud phdng trdo fl cd sfl vdn thip, kinh t l - xa h f i dja phUdng kem phdt trien, dfli sing ngufli dan khfl khan, long tin cOa qudn chung vdl to ehQc ddng, chfnh quyin gidm sOt. Bfli vdy, mufl'n xdy dung dpi ngu can bp cP sfl ddp Qng yeu cau nhiem vg phdi eo sy quan tam day dO cOa cdc ngdnh, cde d p . Mdt khdc, chydng trinh ddo tao, boi dQflng cdn bfl CO sfl d n efl sy dol mdi, cai tien cho phu hpp, khflng dUpc chung chung, trdu tupng, xa rfli thye tifin.
Ba la, thtfc stf phit huy dan chO di nhin din tham gia vio vide IUa chgn cin bg cd sd.
Bi efl dfli ngu can bp ed sfl t i t , khflng t h i chl dya vao to chdc xem xet, bo trf, lua chgn, md dfli hfli phai cfl >' kiln eOa quan chdng. Muon quan chdng cfl y kiln, dflng gflp vdo vife lua chgn cdn bfl ed sfl thi phdi thuc sU phat huy quyin dan ehd. Trong bdi bdo "Cdi ehia khfla vgn ndng" ddng trfin bdo Nhdn ddn ngdy 25/3/1967, ChO tjeh H i Chf Minh da ch? ra mft chdn \)f: "Thye hdnh dan chO Id chia khda vgn ndng cfl the gidi quyfi't mgi khfl khan"'"'.
Vdn de xdy dyng dfli ngu can bf bao g i m
cae khdu lya chpn, dao tgo, b l tri cflng tae, kilm tra edn bg... Cdng tranh thO dypc y kiln cOa quan ehung rgng rai bao nhifiu edng lya chpn dupc nhQng can bf tot, efl uy tfn trong quan ehung bdy nhieu. Bfli vl: "Nhdn ddn co hdng trifiu tai mit"'*'', ai t i t al xau, al thQc sy vi su nghifp ehung, ai cyc bfl, vun ven eho Ipi fch bdn thdn, gia dinh, dflng hg, dia phUdng minh, quan ehung nhdn dan deu nhin thay ed.
Trong lya chpn cdn bf noi chung, can bp ed sfl ndi rieng, nhieu ndi chua thyc sU lang nghe, chua tranh thO dQpc y kiln cua quan chOng d l hg tham gia dflng gflp mft each ddn chd, thang than. Do dfl, de xdy ra tinh trang edn bfl khflng dQpe dan tin, dan phye, ddn yeu nhQng vdn dQdc "thdng quan, tiln chQc" khiln Iflng ddn khflng yfin. ChO tieh Ho Chf Minh dd nfli: "Khi nhdn dan gidp dd ta nhieu thi thanh cflng nhilu, gidp dfl ta ft thi thanh cflng ft, gidp dfl ta hodn toan thi thing lpi hodn todn. Ddn ta rdt tit"'''. Thyc t l eung cho thay viec gl cfl ddpc dflng dao quin chdng tham gia thye hifin thi khfl may cung trfl nen de dang. Cong tac can bf Id mflt vific quan trpng, la "glc" cda mpi cflng viec, cdng d n cfl sy tham gia dflng gflp, xdy dyng eda qudn chdng. Quy c h l dan ehd fl cd sfl, Phdp Ifnh thyc hien ddn chO fl xd, phQflng, thj tran dUdc ban hanh chinh Id nham myc dfch phdt huy quyen ldm chd cOa ngyfll ddn, tgo difu kifin d l nhdn dan tham gia dflng gflp vao edc mat cflng tdc, trong dfl cfl van d l xdy dyng he thong ehfnh trj vd doi ngu edn bfl cd sfl.
Nfi'u nhdng nfi dung ndy ddpc thyc hifn tfl't, day dO thi nha't djnh se lya chpn dupc nhdng cdn bf cd sfl cfl dO pham chd't, ndng lyc, uy tfn va trinh df cung nhQ khd ndng van dflng, tap hdp quan chung, tao nen cdc phong trdo each mgng eu the, gdp phdn on djnh vd phdt trien mpi mgt td cd sfl.
Bd'n li, hoin thien eae ehi do, ehfnh sach cu thi, ed bin, on dinh vi liu dii cho can bd cdng tac d cd sd. Pbki thing nha't v l nhan thdc, cfl sy chl dgo, quan tdm cua cac cap, cac ngdnh td Trung Udng d i n tinh, huyfn vd phai ddu tQ kinh phf de ddo tgo, b l l dQflng dfl ngu cdn bfl cd sfl. Thyc t l cho thay, tQ trQfle d i n nay, 6 nhieu ndi, cfl nhOng cdn bp sdn To chiic nha nuoc so .'>/2016
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sang tinh nguyen v l cd sfl, tfch cUc dflng gflp vdo phong trao ehung, nhung chfnh hg lgi chju nhilu thifit thfli. Day la vdn d l Idm cho can bfl cd sfl kdm phan khfli, khflng yfin tdm eflng tde va eung la mot trong nhQng nguyfin nhan anh huflng tryc tilp tfli viec xay dyng d f i ngu edn bg ed sfl, ddn tfli tinh trgng cfl edn bfl ed sfl ehua ddp Qng yfiu d u , nhiem vy, vl pham che dp, ehfnh sdch, Idm dan mat Iflng tin, khlfi'u kifn vQpt d p , keo ddi...
Nhan thQe rfl van de ndy, Ddng ta da efl Nghj quye't Trung Udng 5 khfla IX "Vi del mdi vi ning eao chit lUtfng hd thing chfnh tri d cd sd xi, phudng, thi trin", chl ra van d l xdy dung dpi ngu can bf fl ed sfl trong giai dogn cdch mgng hifn ngy. Chfnh phu da cfl kfi' hogch triin khgi cy t h i ch? dao eae bfl, ngdnh thyc hifn cde c h l dfl, chfnh sdch theo tinh than Nghj quye't da neu nham bao dam cho cdn bf fl cd sfl yfin tdm cong tac, phuc vu Idu dai fl cd sfl. Tuy nhifin, trong qua trlnh thyc hifin v i n cfln gap nhieu khfl khan vyflng mac, bat hdp ly dol hfli can phdi tilp tyc nghifin cQu gidi quyit.
Nam la, quan tim diu to phit triin kinh ti - xa hdi 6 cd sd, rut ngan khoang each chenh lech ddi sing giUa ndng thdn vi thinh thi. Day Id van de khflng t h i thyc hien trong mflt sflm mft chieu, nhQng neu khflng quan tam gidi quye't thi khfl cfl t h i thu hut dupe can bfl v l cd sfl.
Nfli chuyen tgi Dgi hgi Ddng bg thdnh pho Ha Nfi Idn thd II (ngay 01/02/1961), ChO tjch H i Chf Minh chl rfl: "Muc dfch cua chd nghTa xa hfi Id gl?. Nfli mflt each gidn ddn vd dfi hilu Id: khflng ngdng ndng eao dfli sing vdt chd't va tinh than eda nhdn dan, trudc hfi't Id nhdn dan lao dfng"'". Tgi Hfli nghj lan thd 5 Ban Chap hdnh Trung Qdng Dang khfla ill (22/7/1961), NgUfll nha'n manh: "Tat ca duflng III, phUdng ehdm, chfnh sach... cda Dang deu chl nhim nang eao dfli sing cua nhan ddn nfli ehung, eOa nong dan nfli rifing"'^'. Trong nhdng nam qua. Dang, Nha nuflc ta da c6 nhilu chfnh sdch bdo dam on djnh chinh trj - xa hgi dat nudc, tQng bQflc nang cao dang k l dfli sing cho nhdn dan. NhUng 6 vung nflng thon, miln ndi, nhdt Id vung sdu, vung xa, vung dong bao dan tfc thieu so cfln rat nhieu
khd khan. NhQng ndi dfl dang rdt d n dpi ngu nhdng can bf t i t v l eflng tdc. De thu hdt can bf v l ed sfl yfin tdm cflng tde Idu ddi, cham Io de'n nhifm vy xay dyng, phat trlln phong trdo fl cd sfl, thi ngoai sy nhift tinh, trdch nhifm, can cfl c h l df, chinh sdch thfla ddng vd Nhd nude phdi co k l hogch cy t h i , chie'n lUde Idu ddi cho nhifm vy phdt t n l n kinh te - xd hgi fl cac vung, mien khac nhau.
Hien nay vdn cfl tinh trgng nhilu can bp fl cac vdng nflng thfln tim edch "chgy" ve thdnh pho, con em nflng dan tim cdch rdi khfli ldng qufi Ifin thdnh thj mUu sinh; thanh nifin t i t nghifip dgi hpc, cao dang, cdc trQflng ddo tao deu mufl'n fl Igi thdnh thi, khflng ve nong thfln... Nguyfin nhdn cd bdn Id khoang each mQc song gida thdnh thj, nflng thon cfln Idn, dieu kien sinh hogt v l vat chd't va tinh thdn fl cd sfl cfln nhieu thilu thfl'n, giao thflng di lai khfl khan, dilu kifn cham sflc sQc khfle hgn chl... Vi vdy, muon xdy dyng d f i ngu cdn bfl cd sfl trQdc mat vd lau ddi, dap Qng yfiu d u cda nhifm vg va dung vdi tam quan trgng cda cd sfl, dfli hfli phdi efl sy quan tdm ve mgl mat, nhat Id tang cuflng dau tu cac nguin kinh phi d l thdc d i y kinh t l - xa hfli fl ed sfl phat trien.
Tu tuflng Ho Chi Minh ve cflng tac can bfl, ve cd sfl vd edn bfl ed sfl khflng nhdng co y nghTa ljch sd md con cfl gia tri thyc tien sdu sac, giup chdng ta cfl dUdc cai nhin ddy du, toan dien hdn. Vi vdy viee nghien edu, hgc tap tu tuflng cua NgQfli Id viec Idm hit sQc d n thllt va phdi bilt vdn dyng vao trong cflng vifc hang ngay cua moi ngQdi, gop phdn xay dyng d f i ngu can bg d p cd sfl hogt dflng efl ehat lupng, hieu qud •
Ghi chu:
(1),(2) Ho Chl Minh. toan tap, tdp 5, Nxb CTQG, H.2004, tr.269, tr.240.
(3),(4),(8),(9) Hi Chl Minh. toin tap, tfp 10, Nxb CTOG, H.2000, tr.466; tr.612; tr371; tr,380.
(5) Sdd, tap 12, tr.254.
(6)Sdd, tdpS, tr.120.
(7) Sdd, tdp 6, tr.366.