VE MOI QUAN HE G I I T A TRUNG UONG VA DIA PHlJONG TRONG CO CHE TO CHlTC vA T H U C HIEN
QUYEN Ll/C NHA NU^OC
S
ir thdng nhat cua quyen luc nha nudc khdng chi dugc xac dinh va nhan manh trong viec phan cdng va phdi hgp giiia cac ca quan lap phap, hanh phap va tu phap d cap trung uang ma cdn phai dugc quan triet trong mdi quan he quyen lire va su phan cdng quyen lire giiia trung uang va dia phuang va giu'a cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang. Quyen lire ciia bg may nha nudc d cap trung uang va quyen luc ciia cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang ve thuc chat la cac bp phan hgp thanh quyen luc nha nudc thdng nhat. Do vay, khdng c6 quyen lire tuyet ddi cua chfnh quyen trung uang ddi vdi toan bd lanh thd qudc gia va ciing khdng cd quyen luc tuyet ddi cua mdi cap chinh quyen dia phuang trong timg pham vi lanh thd hanh chinh xac dinh. Thuc chat mdi quan he quyen luc giira cap trung uang va cac cap dia phuang khdng chi the hien trong quan he quyen uy va phuc tung theo md hinh cap tren va cap dudi ma cdn la mdi quan he cd tinh phan cdng va phdi hgp quyen luc thdng qua cac nguyen tac phan cap quan ly.Vi the, chinh quyen dia phuang khdng chi la cac ca quan cap dudi, phuc tiing ca quan nha nudc d trung uang ma cdn la cac ca quan cd quyen dgc lap (tu chu) nhat dinh. Vdi y nghia nay, viec quan triet tinh thdng nhat ciia quyen luc nha nudc khdng chi nham dam bao sir thdng nhat ciia chu quyen qudc gia ma dai dien tap trung la cac ca quan tdi cao ciia chinh quyen trung uang ma cdn nham dam bao tinh dgc lap tuang ddi cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang trong gidi han . pham vi cac dan vi hanh chinh lanh thd
tuang irng.
PGS.TS. Luat hoc, Ban To chuc trung uong.
Le Minh Thong
Van de dat ra la viec xac dinh ro quyen lap phap, quyen hanh phap va quyen tu phap va sir phan cdng, phdi hgp gitra cac ca quan nha nudc trong viec thuc hien 3 quyen khdng chi can quan triet trong mdi quan he quyen luc d cap trung uang ma cdn can dugc quan triet trong td chuc va cau true bd may nha nudc d cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang.
DT niiien, do chinh quyen dia phucmg cd tinh chat khdng gidng chinh quyen nha nudc trung uang va chi la mdt bg phan trong bg may nha nudc thdng nhat, nen viec td chuc thuc hien quyen lap phap, quyen hanh phap va quyen tu phap khdng the gidng cac ca quan nha nudc d trung uang. Han nira, viec quy vi tri, tinh chat ciia Hgi ddng nhan dan (HDND) vao ITnh vuc hanh phap, ciing vdi Uy ban nhan dan (UBND) thuc hien boat dgng chap hanh deu mang tinh tuang ddi. Bdi chi'nh quyen dia phuang, dac biet HDND khdng chi la ca quan chap hanh ma con la ca quan dai dien cho y chi, nguyen vgng ciia nhan dan dia phucmg, cd quyen quyet dinh cac cdng viec cua dia phuang. Dii chua xac lap cac ca sd phap ly cho che do tu quan dia phuang, nhimg xet ve ban chat, vi tri, tam quan trgng cua HDND, thi HDND khdng chi la ca quan quydn luc nha nudc d dia phuang ma trudc bet va ca ban cdn phai la ca quan cua dia phuang, dai dien cho y chi, lgi ich ciia mdi dia phuang trong quan he vdi cac ca quan nha nudc trung uang va cac dia phirong khac.
Vi le do, can van dung su phan cdng, phdi hgp trong quan he quyen luc ngang trong mdi quan he giira HDND va UBND, khdng chi tren phuang dien tinh chat ma ngay trong md hinh td chiic. Dieu nay cd nghTa la viec td chuc va thirc hien quyen lire nha nudc ddi vdi md hinh td chirc chinh quyen dja phuang
'HA Nirdc vA PHAP LUAT SO S/20H
trong Nha nudc phap quyen can ed sir phan dinh ranh mach giiia quyen luc hanh chinh va quyen tu quan dia phuang va tuong ung vdi sir phan dinh nay la cac md hinh td chiic ca quan thij'c hien quyen luc hanh chinh va quyen tir quan dia phuang.
Tiep tt.ic cai each bg may nha nudc, xay di,mg va hoan thien Nha nudc Cong boa xa hdi chii nghTa Viet Nam la dinh hudng nhat quan dugc neu trong cac van kien quan trgng cua Dang ta nhiing nam gan day. Ciing vdi viec khang dinh nguyen tac quyen hrc nha nudc la thdng nhat, cac van kien ciia Dang nhan manh sir can thiet phan cdng, phdi hgp giiia cac ca quan nha nudc trong viec thirc hien cac quyen lap phap. hanh phap, tu phap va phan cap giii'a trung uang va dia phuang.
Ddi vdi cac ca quan chinh quyen nha nudc d dia phuang. do dac thii hoat dgng cua chiing la thi.rc hien chiic nang quan ly nha nudc nen viec ddi mdi, hoan thien cac ca quan nay thudng dugc gan vdi nhiem vu cai each hanh chinh, xay dung bg may cac ca quan hanh chinh nha nudc. Tai Van kien Dai hoi Dai bieu toan qudc lan thir Vlll neu:
•'Xac dinh chuc nang, nhiem vii, quyen ban va trach nhiem cua mdi cap chinh quyen dia phuang"'. Van de phan cap tiep tuc dugc dat ra trong cac lan Dai hgi Dang nhiing nam gan day: ''Phai phan cap ranh mach trach nhiem va tham quyen cac cap chinh quyen...
Trung uang true tiep quan ly mgt phan, cdn mgt phan phan cap cho dia phuang quan ly"^
va 'Than cap tham quyen giua trung uang va dia phuang" . Quyen lire nha nudc dugc thuc hien bdi mgt he thdng cac ca quan nha nudc va d cac cap do khac nhau. Cac ca quan nha nudc dia phuang la mdt trong nhirng chii the mang quyen lire nha nudc,
' Van kien Dai hoi dai bieu loan quoc lan thir VIII, Nxb. Chinh tri qu6c gia. Ha Noi, 1996, tr.l31.
" Van kien Hoi nghi lan thir 3 Ban ChSp hanh trung uong khoa VIII, Nxb. Chinh trj quoc gia, Ha Noi, 1997, tr. 20-21.
' Nghi quyet Hoi nghj lan thiJ- 7 Ban Chap hanh trung uong Dang khoa VIII, Bao Nhan dan, 30/8/1999.
dac biet la trong dieu kien Viet Nam, tinh phi nha nudc cua dja phuang khdng va khdng the dugc thira nhan. Xet dudi gdc do cbinh tri, quyen lire nha nudc ciia dja phuang, ma chfnh xac ban la ciia HDND xuit phat tir quyen uy tri ciia cu tri. Ve mat phap ly, cac ca quan nha nudc d dia phuang la bd phan cau thanh ciia bd may nha nudc, dugc td chirc va boat ddng tren ca sd cac nguyen tac hien dinh va luat dinh. Nhu vay, he thdng tham quyen cua dia phuang vdi tu each la chii the mang quyen luc nha nudc khdng chi dan thuan la ket qua cua viec chuyen giao mdt sd nhiem vu quan ly tir Chinh phii hay cac Bg, ca quan ngang Bg ma la van de thudc ngi dung td chirc quyen lire nha nudc.
Viec xac dinh mdi quan he giira trung uang va dia phuang vdi muc dfch tao ra ranh gidi hoat ddng cua cac ca quan nha nudc trung uang, ddng thdi gidi ban pham vi, khudn khd boat dgng ciia dja phuang, ve ban chat, chinh la su phan cdng quyen luc theo chieu dgc. Sir phan quyen giiia trung uang va dia phuang hoan toan khdng lam pha va tinh thdng nhat ciia quyen lire nha nudc bdi vi: thir nhdt, dudi gdc do phap ly, phan quyen phai dugc hieu la phan cdng quyen nang giira cac chu the tham gia thuc hien quyen luc nha nudc, theo dd, mdi chii the dugc phep sir dung cac quyen nang luat dinh de tien hanh hoat dgng cua minh va khdng dugc phep vugt ra ngoai gidi ban tham quyen cho phep; thic hai, phan quyen la ndi dung quy dinh ciia luat va nha lap phap khi xac dinh tham quyen ciia dia phuang phai xuat phat tir nhirng nguyen tac va tieu chi nhat dinh ma nguyen tac hang dau la bao ve tinh thdng nhat ciia quyen lire nha nudc, bao dam chu quyen qudc gia; thic ba, tham quyen cua dia phuang, mgt khi da dugc chuyen giao tir trung uang thi hoan toan cd the bi thu lai neu dieu do la can thiet cho lgi ich qudc gia.
Khi quyet dinh chinh sach phan quydn, Nha nude phai ddi mat va giai toa nhiing e
SSJ5!sj^s^^<S5^^5<s^^^<s^^^SSSS^ WEMOIOUANHEGICA ...
ngai nhat dinh xung quanh van de lieu tfnh I dan nhat ciia Nha nudc cd bi de dga, bdi le
\ phan quyen cung ddng nghTa vdi viec Nha
; nudc se mat di mgt sd tham quyen hay ndi I mdt each khac tham quyen ciia trung uang f se bi thu hep lai nhudng chd cho viec md rdng tham quyen cua dia phuang. O day, can phan biet giua dgc lap chfnh tri va dgc lap ve tham quyen. Neu chi ddc lap ve chfnh tri ciia dia phuang khdng the dugc dat ra d md hinh Nha nudc dan nhat thi nguge lai, dgc lap ve tham quyen ciia chinh quyen dia phuang la mdt hien tugng hoan toan cd the va tham chi la can thiet.
Khi thua nhan tinh dgc lap ciia dia phuang, vai trd va quyen luc ciia trung uang khdng he bi lu md va the hien d nliiing diem chinh sau day: Thir nhdi, ban than su tdn tai ciia chinh quyen dia phuang la he qua ciia viec cdng nhan tir phia Nha nudc. Cac dan vi lanh thd cd the dugc hinh thanh mgt each tu nhien trong lich sir song chiing khdng the duang nhien trd thanh mpt cap chfnh quyen neu khdng dugc hien phap va cac dao luat ghi nhan. Thir hai. Nha nudc ludn giii quyen xac dinh tham quyen ciia cac cap chfnh quyen dia phuang: viec thuc hien quy che dpc lap ciia dia phuang phai tuan thii tinh ' than, cac nguyen tac ciia hien phap va luat.
Chi Qudc hgi mdi cd quyen quy dinh ve td chiic va boat dgng cua chfnh quyen dia phuang. Thir ba, hoat dgng ciia chfnh quyen dja phuang la ddi tugng kiem tra, giam sat ciia trung uang. Nhu vay, tfnh ddc lap cua dja phuang trong mdi quan he vdi trung uang va dpc lap ve phuang dien phap ly va sir tu chu dd dugc gidi ban trong khudn khd luat dinh.
Tinh dpc lap ciia mdi cap chinh quyen dia phuang the hien d chd: Mdi cap dia phuang dugc trao nhirng tham quyen rieng de quyet dinh nhung van de cd tfnh ndi bg, cd ngudn ngan sach va cac bao dam ve td chirc, bp may de thuc hien nhirng tham quyen dd va che dp trach nhiem ciia dia phuang vc boat dpng ciia minh.
Tinh chat ciia nen kinh te thi trirdng ddi hdi phai tao lap tfnli lien thdng ciia cac quan he kinh te va cac qua trinh kinh te trong cac loai thi trudng mang tfnh thdng nhat, loai bd mpi trd ngai va nguy ca chia cat thi trudng.
Dieu nay cd nghTa la toan bd lanh thd qudc gia, bat luan quy md, pham vi phai chia cac dan vi hanh chinh - lanh thd deu la mpt khdng gian kinh te thdng nhat khdng phan biet ranh gidi cac dia phuang. Mdi dan vi hanh chfnh - lanh thd tir cap tinh, cap huyen hay cap xa deu la mdt bp phan ciia khdng gian kinh te thdng nhat.
- Su phdn chia cdc don vi hdnh chinh - ldnh tho khong bao hdm y nghia phdn dinh vd giai hem khong gian kinh te. Cac thi trudng tai cac dia phuang la mpt bp phan ciia thi trirdng thdng nhat cua toan qudc. Do vay, su giao luu, phdi hgp, lien ket kinh te giira cac dan vi hanh chfnh - lanh thd la ca sd de sir lien ket, phdi hgp giua cac cap chfnh quyen dia phuang trong cac nd luc phat trien kinh te ciia mdi dia phuang va mdi khu virc ctia toan lanh thd qudc gia. Sir phan cap, phan quyen giiia trung uang va dia phuang trong quan ly hanh chinh ddi vdi kinli te phai tao kha nang ket hgp hieu qua quan ly theo nganh va quan ly theo lanh thd, dam bao quyen kiem soat khdng gian kinh te thdng nhat ciia chfnh quyen trung uang.
Viec thuc hien cac quyen han, mpt mat tao dieu kien cho chinh quyen dia phuang cac cap chii dpng giai quyet kip thdi cac nhu cau phat trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia dia phuang, hdi nhap kinh te dia phuang vao nen kinh te ehung, thdng nhat ciia kinh te ca nudc, chii dpng phat huy va khai thae cac the manh, tiem nang kinh te ciia dia phuang va thu hiit dau tu tu cac dia phuang khac trong nudc va dau tu tir nudc ngoai. Mat khac, viec phan cap cho cac dia phuang khdng the lam han che vai trd quan ly, dieu hanh ciia Chfnh phti ddi vdi toan bp su phat trien ciia nen kinh te qudc dan. Theo do, Chfnh phu khdng chi thuc hien dugc sir dieu hanh thdng nhat toan bd nen kinh te dat nudc ma cdn kiem soat
HA mdc VA PHAP LUAT SO 5/201
dugc cac hoat ddng ciia chfnli quyen dia phuang trong qua trinh thuc hien cac quyen dugc phan cap trong cac ITnh vuc hoat ddng ndi ehung va trong ITnh virc xay dung va phat trien kinh te ndi rieng tren tirng dia ban.
- Nhu can xde lap khong gian kinh le ihong nhdi cua nen kinh ie thi truang trong dieii kien xdy dung Nhd niroc phdp quyen o niroc la doi hoi phdi co cdu lgi cdc cdp chinh quyen co linh Iruyen thong nhu cdp linh, cdp huyen, cdp xd. Viec ca cau nay cd the theo hudng dan gian hoa md hinh cap chfnh quyen hien cd, theo do, khdng nhat thiet d mdi cap deu phai thiet lap md hinh chfnh quyen day du ca HDND va UBND, cd the chi thiet lap ca quan quan ly hanh chfnh nha nudc a cap trung gian nhu cap huyen hay chinh quyen mpt cap d thanh phd. Ben canh do, nliu cau phat trien kinh te tai cac viing kinh te rpng Idn bao gdm nhieu tinh, thanli phd, tao kha nang phdi hgp sire manh va tiem nang phat trien kinh te cua cac dia phuang theo khdng gian kinh te thdng nhat dat ra nhu cau thanh lap cac ca cau cap viing, ddng vai trd cua mdt td chirc dieu phdi cac nd lire cua Chfnh phu va cua cac tfnh, thanh trong viec phat trien cac vimg kinh te - xa hpi ma quy md va muc do vugt kha nang td chiic, dieu hanh ciia chfnh quyen mpt tinh.
- Su thong nhdi cuu khong gian kinh le doi hoi sir thong nhdt khong gian phdp ly.
Nguyen tac phap che trong td chiic va hoat dgng ciia Nha nudc phap quyen dugc xac dinh thdng qua cac yeu cau ve tfnh tdi cao ciia hien phap, cac dao luat va su thdng nhat, ddng bp trong cac boat ddng lap quy, chap hanh phap luat ciia chfnh quyen hanh phap trung uang va cac cap chfnh quyen dia phuang. De dam bao dugc mdt khdng gian phap ly thdng nhat trong toan bd lanli thd qudc gia theo yeu cau ciia Nha nudc phap quyen xa hdi chu nghTa ddi hdi:
Thir nhdt, toan bp boat ddng xay dung phap luat, thi hanh, chap hanh phap luat ciia cac ca quan hanh chinh nha nudc d trung uang va cac cap chfnh quyen dia phuang
phai phii hgp vdi cae quy dinh ciia hien phap va cac dao luat do Qudc hdi ban hanh.
Thic hai, thim quyen ban hanh cac van ban quy pham phap luat ciia chfnh quyen dia phuang can dugc xac ,dinh cu the va ro rang ddi vdi timg cap, timg md hinh chfnh quyen dia phuang cu the. Viec xac dinh tham quyen ban hanh cac van ban cua cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang can thiet phai tfnh den cac dac diem ciia cau triic nha nudc dan nhat vdi duy nhat mgt be thdng phap luat.
Do vay, mgt mat tham quyen ban hanh cac van ban quy pham phap luat ciia chinh quyen dia phuang la tham quyen phat sinh tir tham quyen cua chfnh quyen nha nudc trung uong.
Cac van ban phap luat (dii la cac van ban quy pham phap luat, do chfnh quyen dia phuang cac cap ban hanh deu nham cu the hoa cac quy dinh phap luat ciia cac ca quan nba nudc d trung uang va nham thi hanh cac : quy dinh nay trong thuc tien ddi sdng). ~ Trong y nghTa nay d Nha nude phap quyen.
theo md hinh cau triic lanh thd dan nhat (khac vdi Nha nudc lien bang) khdng tdn tai khai niem "he thdng phap luat dia phuang"
hay "he thdng phap luat trung uang" ma chi mdt he thdng phap luat duy nhat cua qudc gia. Tuy nhien, dii la mdt ca cau hanh chinh - lanh thd trong Nha nudc dan nhat, mdi dia phuang lai cd cac dac diem rieng va do vay, cd nhirng nhdm quan he xa hdi dac thii can dugc dieu chinh trong pham vi cua dia phuang. Mdt su ban che chua dugc khac | phuc trong ly luan ve chfnh quyen dia i phuang d nudc ta la tinh tu quan dia phuang chua dugc xac lap ve phuong dien phap luat. ; Viec chua thira nhan tinh tu quan cua dia i phuang da khdng tao ra ca sd ly luan cho ; viec xac dinh quyen ban hanh cac van ban;
quy pham phap luat de dieu chinh cac quan ; he thuan tuy mang tfnh dia phuang. Tren i thuc te, nhieu cap chfnh quyen dia phuang \ ciing da ban hanh nhieu van ban quy pham ' phap luat de dieu chinh cac quan he xa hdi vdn dac thii ciia dia phuang. Viec nay la hdt |
sVE MOI QUAN HE GWA ...
sire can thiet. Van de dat ra la, cac quy pham phap luat do chinh quyen dia phuang ban hanh de dieu chinh cac quan he dac thii ciia dja phuang ciing khdng dugc trai vdi cac quy dinh va tinh than ciia hien phap va cac dao luat va khdng the tao ra cac ngan can phap ly lam anh hudng den quyen va tu do cua nhan dan cac dia phuang trong cac quan he cd lien quan den dia phuang.
Thir ba, sir thdng nhat khdng gian phap ly ddi hdi sir hgp tac, phdi hgp cua chfnh quyen cac dia phuang trong qua trinh chap hanh phap luat va ban hanh cac van ban quy pham phap luat trong mdi dia phuang. Sir phdi hgp, hgp tac nay dugc thuc hien theo cac quan he giira cac dia phuang nhu giiia cac tinh, thanh phd, giiia cac huyen hay giua cac xa (quan he ngang) va sir thuc hien giiia cac cap chinh quyen dia phuang nhu cap tinh, cap huyen va cap xa (quan he dpc).
Thic tu, vai trd va trach nhiem cua chinh quyen dia phuang trong viec phd bien tuyen truyen va giao due phap luat trong cac tang ldp dan cu. Vdi dac diem la nhiing cap chinh quyen gan dan, sat dan, chfnh quyen dia phuang cd nhieu thuan lgi trong viec giao due, phd bien, tuyen truyen phap luat phu hgp cho tung loai ddi tugng, vdi cac hinh thirc, phuang phap va ndi dung thfch hgp.
Viec nang cao y thirc phap luat cho ngudi dan, xay dung van boa phap ly va thdi quen hanh xu theo phap luat cua sd ddng dan chiing la dieu kien tien quyet de dam bao phap che trong dia ban dan cu, dam bao tinh thdng nhat ciia khdng gian phap ly trong Nha nudc phap quyen. Do vay, khi xay dung md hinh chinh quyen dia phuang, ca cau lai, td chirc, chuc nang, nhiem vu ciia mdi cap chinli quyen dia phuang phai dac biet cbii trpng den vai trd va trach nhiem giao due, phd bien, tuyen truyen phap luat ciia chinh quyen dia phuang cac cap ddi vdi cac tang ldp dan cu tren dia ban.
Sir phan dinh tham quyen giira trung uang va dia phuong, giiia cac cap chfnh quyen, trong mgi trudng hgp deu khdng
mang tinh tuyet ddi. Viec thuc hien nhiing tham quyen bdi mdi cap chfnh quyen, tuu trung lai, deu hudng tdi muc dfch hoan thanh nhiing chinli sach ehung cua Nha nudc.
Trong thuc te boat ddng td chirc quan ly nha nudc, khdng loai trir sir dan xen tham quyen giira cac chti the va vi the su phdi hgp, lien ket giiia cac nhanh quyen da trd thanh mdt ndi dung khdng the thieu trong thuyet phan quyen ngay nay.
Trong ngii canh quan he giiia trung uang va dia phuang, sir phdi hgp giiia cac cap chinh quyen cd nhirng bieu hien da dang va the hien ro net d mdt sd diem sau day: Sir phdi hgp giira trung uang va dia phuang trong viec thuc hien nhirng tham quyen ehung cua cac chii the nay; su tham gia cua dia phuang vao viec giai quyet cac van de ciia trung uang va nguge lai; hd trg va bao dam tir phia trung uang cho cac boat ddng ctia dia phuang.
Ngoai nhimg van de thudc tham quyen dac biet ciia tmng uang va nhiing van de thudc tham quyen ddc lap cua dia phuang thi cdn cd nhiing cdng viec ddi hdi su hgp tac giiia trung uang va dia phuang khi thirc hien chiing. Nhdm tham quyen nay trong hien phap, cac luat ciia nudc ngoai dugc gpi la tham quyen ehung ciia trung uong va dia phuang. Nhu vay, se xay ra klia nang la mdt sd chii the ciing cd ehung mdt ddi tugng quan ly va duang nhien se cd cac quyet djnh quan ly dugc ban hanh d cac cap khac nhau de dieu cbinh ve ciing mdt van de. Trong trudng hgp nay, phai thira nhan im the va rang budc trach nhiem ctia chinh quyen cd thu bac cao hon, dac biet la trung uang. Vdi tiem nang vdn cd, tmng uong phai tap trung vao viec quan ly cd tinh vT md va tham quyen cdn lai ciia dia phuang la quyet dinh nhung van de ma tmng uong chua de cap den.
Tuang tu nhu vay ddi vdi mdi quan he gitra cac cip chinh quyen dia phuang vdi nhau. Khi xay ra xung dot phap luat thi duang nhien se phai im tien ap dung cac quydt dinh quan ly ciia ca quan d cap cao
(Xem tiep trang 12)
HA mac vA PHAP LUAT so SI20im
phan trach nhiem qua nhd ay ciing khd ma truy cu'u bdi ca che giai quydt khie'u nai va td cao ciia cdng dan van cdn mang tfnh hinh thuc, thidu tinh kha thi.
Thti hai, md hinh kinh td thi trudng dinh hudng xa hgi chti nghia cdn chua dugc lam sang td ve mat ly luan va kidm nghiem day du trong cude sdng. Viec lam rd chinh sach CO ban tren se gdp phan quan trgng vao viec giai quyei cac bai ddng hien nay ve viec xay dirng nen kinh te thi tru'dng dinh hudng xa hgi chu nghia. Cu the, can lam sang td cac van dd nhu: The nao la vai trd chti dao ciia kinh te nha nudc (?); vi sao phai cd vai trd dd (hay ndi mgt each khac sir can thiei d day xuai phat tir dau (?); ddi mdi va phat tridn doanh nghiep nha nudc ra sao cho phu hgp vdi tinh hinh (?); cd phan hoa doanh nghiep nha nudc d mirc do va pham vi ra sao (?);
chi'nh sach dai dai, kinh te trang trai can
dugc tie'n hanh nhu the nao (?); van de hdi nhap qudc te ra sao cho pbii hop vdi tinh hinh dai nudc (?)...
Thii ba, trinh do, nang lUc cua cdng chuc chua phii hgp vdi yeu cau ciia dai nudc trong bdi canh xay dung ndn kinh te thi trudng.
Cdng tac giao due, dao tao cdng chuc vln cdn thien vd tu tudng chinh tri (trong dd nhidu quan didm mdi chua thuc sir dugc the hien); nhiing kien thuc can thiei cbo dieu hanh ndn kinh te d cap vi md cdn chua dugc tap trung d miic can thidt. Thuc te, ddi ngii can bd, cdng chu'c hien nay cdn yeu kem nhidu vd: nam bat chinh sach phap luat ciia Nha nudc vd xay dting ndn kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xa hdi chu nghia, vd ky nang nghiep vu va tri thirc khoa hgc ve quan ly nha nudc ddi vdi boat ddng kinh doanh trong didu kien ndn kinh te' thi trudng hdi nhap qudc te hien nay d nudc ta.
(Tiep theo trang 7 - Ve moi quan he giita ...)
ban. Bang each dd, se bao dam dugc st.r nhat quan ciia chinh sach va tfnh phap che trong boat ddng quan ly nha nudc.
Sir lien ket giiia trung uang va dia phuang cdn the hien d viec thu hiit su tham gia ctia dia phuang vao viec giai quyet nhiing van de ehung ciia qudc gia. Khi ban hanh nhung chfnh sach lien quan den dia phirang, ca quan nha nudc trung uang phai tham khao y kien cua dia phuang, tham chi la thoa thuan va coi dd la mdt thii tuc bat budc. Dieu nay thi.rc sti cd y nghTa khi quyet dinh nhiing van de cd tfnh lien vung, cd lien quan den quyen lgi ciia dia phuang.
Ben canh dd, mdt sd van de, do tam quan trgng ciia nd, cd the dugc giao cho chfnh quyen dia phuang quyet dinh nhirng phai dugc sii nhat tri cua trung uang hay ciia chinh quyen cap tren. Vdi tinh than ket hgp quan ly nlia nudc theo nganh va theo lanh thd, khi dia phuang ban hanh quyet dinh ve nhiing van de
lien quan den ndi dung quan ly ctia mdt Bd thi phai thoa thuan tmdc vdi Bd dd.
Mdi quan he giira trung uang va dia phuang la mdt van de phire tap dugc dat ra khdng chi d Viet Nam ma cdn d cac Nha nudc khac. Xu hudng xay dung Nha nudc phap quyen xa hdi chu nghTa ddi bdi nhirng thay ddi trong td chirc va boat ddng ciia bd may nha nudc de dap ung nhCmg tieu chf ciia Nha nudc theo md hinh Nha nudc phap quyen. Viec luat hda mdi quan he giiia trung uang va dia phuang ciing phai vuan tdi nhiing gia tri ehung ciia Nha nudc phap quyen ma thiet thuc nhat la yeu cau phan cdng quyen lire giiia cac cap chinh quyen.
Khung phap luat ve chfnh quyen dia phuang phai dugc hoan thien de phat buy nhiing tiem nang ciia dia phuang, khuyen khfch sir phat trien ciia cac dia phuang de tao thanh mgt Stic manh tdng hgp cua dat nudc va thiic diy sir phat trien ehung ciia toan xa hdi.
12
