TAP CHI KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017

TAP CHI KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 DAU AN VAN H O A VIET T R O N G HINH TU^ONG

NHAN VAT QUANG TRUNG - NGUYEN HUE (KHAO SAT SONG CON MUA LU C U A N G U Y E N M Q N G GIAC)

Dodn TkiHue^

TOM TAT

Trong tdm thtrc ngu&i Viet, Quang Trung — Nguyin Hue ludn dugc biit din Id vi anh hung kiet xudt, nhdn vgt sd mgt cita trieu dgi Tdy San. Di sdu khdo sdt tdc phdm

"Sdng Cdn miia lii" cda Nguyin Mgng Gide, bdi viit sau Id mot ddng gdp eua chung tdi trong nhu cdu tim hieu vd ldm day dan han chdn dung ngu&i anh hiing ddn tdc Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue du&i gdc nhin vdn hda.

Tw kkoa: Quang Trung, Nguyen Hue, tiiu thuyit lieh sic, van hda 1. Dat vdn de

Ciing vdi Gid liea ciia Nam Dao, Tdy San bi hiing truyin cua Le Dinh Danh thi Song Cdn miia lU la mdt thanh cong cua Nguyin Mgng Giac frong nghe thuat tai hien sinh ddng chan dung ngudi anh himg dan tdc Quang Trung - Nguyin Hud. Viet Sdng Cdn miia HA, Nguyin Mdng Giae da danh nhieu tam huyet de phan tich va ly giai huyen thoai lich su vd trieu dai Tay Son va ngudi anh himg ao vai cd dao dai pha quan Thanh dudi gdc nhin van hda. 0 do, hinh tugng nhan vat Quang Trung - Nguydn Hue dugc khac hga sinh ddng, cy thd vdi nhieu net dep van hda tmyen thdng Viet nhu: chudng ldi sdng thidn ve quan binh, ttpng tinh nghTa, lac quan yeu ddi, thara nhuan triet ly am duong vd sy chuyen hda.

2. Quang Trung - Nguyen HuS:

hinh tu-gng nhSn v^t dam dau an van hda Vidt (Khao sat Song Con mita lit ciia Nguyen M$ng Giac)

2.1. Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue:

hdng so ckung ciia nkung tink cdch Viet ' Truong Dai hoc Dflng Nai

Email: doanhuedhdn@yahoo.com

2.1.1. Quang Trung - Nguyin Hue v&i ldi sdng thiin vi qudn binh, trgng tinh nghia, mem deo, hiiu hda

Ldi sdng thien vd quan binh thS hidn rd d thi hieu thara ray cua Nguyen Hue. Den frg hgc nha thay, Nguyen Hue cd an tugng va danh nhieu tinh cara dJic biet eho An. Nguydn Hue thich An vi anh da tim thdy d An net dep quan binh vira do can thidt: "Hue chua tieng gap su hda dieu nhu vdy giira hai ddi hdi gdn nhu mdu thudn la su c&i m& thdn tinh vd su gdi ghem kieu hdnh nai ngu&i con gdi" [1, fr. 101]. Mgt ve dep nii tinh chi "hap dan" dugc Nguyen Hue khi ve dep ay dat den su vira dp can thiet. Ci dd, cd su hda dieu, can bdng giira: cdi md, than tinh vdi goi ghera, kidu hanh.

Ngoai ra, Nguyin Hue con la ngudi trpng tinh nghTa, radra deo va hieu hoa.

Trong nhiing ngay cang thang "tiieu dinh phdt ddng cugc khung bd" [1, fr.

174], bdt chdp nguy hiera, Nguyen Hue xudng tan An Thai ddn mdc va hdt long cuu raang gia dinh thdy trong nhiing

TAP CHt KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 ngay dau d Tay Son tiiugng. Sau do,

Nguydn Hue ludn gitt trgn dao hidu nghTa vdi thay, nang niu ap li gin gift tinh yeu thuan khiet vdi An va nhe nhang tinh cam nhitng liic ben Lang.

Trong quan he img xu vdi Nguyin Nhac, Hue ludn giu cdch hanh xir dung rayc. Biet ngudi chii rauu "chia quydn re thuy" tinh yeu cua rainh vdi An la Nguyen Nhac nhung Nguyin Hue chi CO thd: "Pdch thdm anh cd dd vd tinh chai tio oai odm, bdt anh chung kien gidy phut khdn kho ndy" [1, tr. 527].

Hai Ian bi Nguydn Nhac tic chdi td chiic le khao quan sau chien cdng vang dpi Clia nghTa qimn Tay Son tai Rach Gam - Xoai Miit va Phii Xuan, Nguyen Hue van gift thai do hda nha can cd cua mgt ngudi era frong gia dinh, mdt tmng than ddi vdi chiia thugng. Day la ndn tang xac lap ba dieu nhdn, li, nghTa trong thuat tri nudc sau nay cua hoang de Quang Tmng.

2.1.2. Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue v&i ldi tu duy tdng hgp biin chung

Tir nhung ngay mdi den frg hgc nha thay, Nguyen Hue sdm td ra la "mgt cdu hoc Pd rdn mdt, khdng ehiu tin vgi vdo nhieng diiu thdy dgy" [I, tt. 162]. Hgc bai Tya Truyen du hiep, Nguyen Hud chii dgng dua thdy vao cugc franh luan vd nhiing dilu minh quan tam. Nguyen Hue hoi thdy: "Nhu thi ndo Id mdt ngu&i hiep^" Sau khi ttao ddi cimg thay, Nguyin Hue tu rut ra bai hgc ve chit hiep cho ridng minh: "Vgy Id con biit phdi ldm gi rdi Gap mgt tin thu thue hdng hdch vd tham lam dang bi bgn

cu&p du&ng hdnh hung, ta khong nin can thiep vdo ldm gi. De bgn cu&p thanh todn v&i nhau. Thdy mdt anh hgc tid thiec khuya day s&m hgc thudc ldu thi phu, di thi dgu ra ldm ky phu, duyet lgi, minh phdi cuu anh ta, khdng thi anh ta chet dudi mdt" [1, fr. II I]. Vdi ldi tu duy tdng hgp bidn chiing, Nguyen Hue khdng de dang tiep thu ly thuydt sin cd.

Tmdc mdi dieu thay day, Nguyen Hud ludn tim each lat ngugc vdn dd, ddi chidu Iy thuyet vdi thuc te, ty nit ra bai hgc cho ban than. Mdt lan khac, Nguyen Hue chii ddng dua thay vao cudc franh luan vd didu "thyc ddi".

Thay day Hue ve ngudi quan tu la: "Ddi cho sgch, rdch cho therm. Hay qudn tu thuc vo cdu bao". Tir thyc te chiing kien hai ngudi an may bat chap sT dien, dau ddn de cudp lay cai an ngoai chg, Nguyen Hud tu tin lap Iuan rang: "Nhu vgy, con nghi thdy chua thuc ddi". "Con da nghT: nhirng dieu thdy dgy con rut ra tu sach thdnh hien do nhirng ke no dgt ra cd. Nh& no du nin nghT ngugc nghi xudi the ndo cUng dugc. Hogc muon no ldu no bin thi nghi the ndo cho dep long bon vuang tdn. Con nh& mdi cdu ong Tu Tru&ng "Ciea nhd hdu nhdn nghia thieu gi ddu" thdy da dgy con ndm tru&c" [I, tr. 165]. Su chuan xac frong lap Iuan cua cau fro nhd da thuyet phyc dugc ngudi thay khd tinh. Thay giao Hidn phai chua chat thda nhan:

"Anh ndi phdi Bgn ke sT chung toi dugc mdi viic chdu chuc a ciea nhd vuang hdu" [I, tt. 165]. Rd rang, ttong vide hgc, Nguydn Hue ludn tiid hien rd tir tiidng tiln bd. Vdi Nguyen Hue, hpc la

TAP CHi KHOA HOC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, S6 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 thyc hpc, hpc di ddi vdi hanh, hgc la de

ling dyng vao thyc td.

Vdi ldi tu duy tdng hgp bidn chung, vdi thidn tu thdng tud hon ngudi, lai sdm dugc tmi ren qua cugc sdng va chidn fran, Nguyin Hud tu hinh thanh cho rainh nhan quan tinh nhay khac thudng.

Ong CO thd nhan ra ldng tnmg thanh, nhan each, phdra gia, tai nang ciia bat cii ai frong lan tiep xiic. Lan dau tidp chuydn, cung ban vd dieu thien vdi Nguyin Hiiu Chinh, frong khi Nguydn Nhac sac sao, kinh nghiera va day quyen bidn td ra vd cimg thich thu va khdng ngimg tung hd Chinh thi rat nhanh, Nguydn Hue sdm nhan ra ban chdt co hgi, xu phy, tiiy thdi cua Chinh: "Khd phdn biit dugc nguoi thien vd ke xu th&i cdu cgnh. Con nghe hdn ly thuyet dong ddi, nhin ddi mdt hdn ldo lien, tu nhiin con thdy r&n ran. Khdng hiiu tgi sao con dam ghet cay, ghet ddng hdn" [I, fr.

533]. Khi d chdt dinh quydn lue, vdi ldi tu duy bien chung, Nguyen Hue manh me, ty tin di tim ban chat dieu chan, thien, nguy frong chu "trung" va Ie

"chinh thdn^': "Truyen thdng Id cdi gi?

Dd chi la thdi quen ldu d&i. Ngay nhu viec chua Trinh hiip vua Li. neu lay chit nghTa thdnh hien md xet thi tidi muai muai ra chu. Nhung vi chuyin hiip ddp dy dd keo ddi sudt hai trdm ndm nin thiin hg xem cdi chuyen xdu xa dy la truyin thdng ddng kinh. den ndi ed ke tu chdn minh de duge tiing trung than nhu Ly Trdn Qudn" [2, fr. 1124].

Nghiem tiic suy xet thdu dao mpi le, Nguyen Hud ludn viing tay cheo trdn

con thuyen khdi day eiia nghia quan Tay Son. Tmdc nhilu bien thidn thdi eudc, Nguyin Hue ludn gift vung tam the lac quan sau khi hidu rd quy luat van xoay ciia tao hoa. Vdi net tinh each ddc dao nay, Nguyen Hue da sdra ndi len nhu ragt tridt gia khat khao di tim va chinh phuc chan ly hon la mgt v5 tudng dugc sinh ra va ldn ldn noi xii niii, chi bidt xdng pha noi fr^n mae.

2.1.3. Quang Trung - Nguyin Hue v&i nhdn sinh quan tieh eye, thdm nhudn tiiet ly dm duang ve su chuyin hda

Nhan vat Quang Tmng Nguydn Hud frong Song Cdn miia lu (Nguyin Mdng Giae) ludn thd hidn rd nhan sinh quan tich eye, thara nhuan triet ly am duong v l sy chuydn hoa. Trong liie gia dinh An ggip nan d An Thai, nhilu ngudi lo sg, hoang mang thi Nguydn Hud da bmh tTnh, kip thdi an iii, thu xep va giai quydt mgi vide chu toan. Khi phong ttao khdi nghia Tay Son ddi mat sy that bai trong gang tac, Nguyen Hud van ludn binh tinh, lac quan, tin tudng.

Hai dau thg djch Trinh - Nguyen ndn sau nhiing thang lpi ngoan muc budc dau, Tay Son nhanh chdng lam vao tinh ttang bi dgng, chiu nhidu that bai lien tidp. Den khi Ly Tai, Tap Dinh bd di, mang theo ca ddi quan NghTa hda doan tinh nhue, dang ca phii Phii Yen cho chiia Nguydn, hai anh em Ld NghTa frd mui gido phan bgi nha Tay Son, mat fran c a m Sa hi vd, tin bao that trSn lien tidp ddi vd, ca phu Quy Nhan nhdn nhao, nhan tara dao dpng, binh linh hoang mang, ngay ca ngudi ehii siiy

TAP CHi KHOA HQC - BAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 Nguyin Nhac cung lo ldng, bi quan, thi

liic bay gid ehi cd Nguydn Hue la ngudi duy nhdt gift dugc sy binh tinh, vdn lac quan, tin tudng frdn ca sd nhan dien va bien bidt ro quy luat thanh lgc tdt yeu cua til nhidn va Iich su: "Con nghT la th&i ndo cung vgy, vdo giai dogn ddu bgn vong mgng that edn thiet Dieu quan tigng Id chiiu hu&ng sau dd eua cugc khai logn. Neu bgn vong mgng tiip tuc di hdng ddu, chiem iTnh tdt ed quyen dieu khien, thi eugc kh&i ddy tru&c sau chl la mdt vu eu&p l&n.

Nguge lgi neu ta vung tay ldi, din mgt liic bgn vong mgng nga ngdng nhgn thdy rang day khong phdi la mgt dam cu&p vd chiing bi bugc phdi bd di thi ro rdng hdng ngU ehung ta dugc thanh lgc" [I, fr. 447]. Nguyin Hue chi rd quy luat tat ydu eita qua trinh thanh lgc:

"Sau bgn vong mgng, cd le den lu0 bgn cd chdp, rdi din bgn ea hgi. Bgn cd chdp bi ddo thdi vi khdng theo kjp cdc biin dgng qud nhanh xdy ra truac mdt.

Diiu do di kiiu. Kkd nhdt, chdm nhdt.

gay go, nguy hiim nhdt la cudc ddo thdi bgn ea hdi. Chung nd Id con tde ke thay mdu nhanh chdng, khd long biet ddu Id ngu&i thien chi, ddu Id ten ca hdi" [1, tr.

447], Nhitng nhan dinh chinh xac ay cua Nguyin Hue khidn thay hgc cua minh phai giat minh: "Khdng nga Hue dd l&n nhanh nhu vgy. Mot cdm gidc kieng ni, sg hdi xdm chiem tdm hdn ong" [I, tr. 441].

Sy tmdng thanh nhanh v l fri lyc la budc chudn bi chdc chdn dong thdi ciing la minh chiing ro rang vd mdt ban ITnh

chinh tri vihig vang ciia ngudi anh hung do vai cd dao, hao kiet dat Tay San.

Tmdc rapi tinh hudng khd khan, cdp bdch, Nguyin Hue ludn binh tTnh tu tin xet doan. Sau khi phan tich, nhan ro mau chdt van dd, Nguydn Hue nhanh ehdng vach kd hoach giai quydt mpi vide rapt each nhanh chdng, hieu qua.

Vi vay, frong suy nghT cua ngudi dpc, Quang Tmng Nguyen Hud frong Sdng Cdn miia lu (Nguyen Mdng Giae) khdng ehi la vd tudng tai ba raa cdn la mdt friet gia co hd da thau td le huyen vi cua frdi dat.

2.2. Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue:

tinh koa vdn kda kai miin Nghe An - Binh Dinh, nkdn vgt Met xudt giira tk&i cugc nhiiu nhuang

2.2.1. Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue:

tinh hoa vdn hda hai mien Nghi An - Binh Dinh

Xet vd khdng gian van hoa, Nghd An thudc viing van hda Tay Bac, thudc luu vyc sdng Da, keo dai den phia bac tinh Thanh Hda. CJ day cd frdn 20 dan tpc sinh sdng, tieu bieu la hai dan tdc Thai, Mudng. Trong khi do, Binh Dinh thudc viing van hda Trung Bd. Do la rapt dai dat hep va dai dpc bidn Ddng, tu tinh Quang Binh keo dai tdi Phan Thidt. 0 ddy, khi hau khac nghiet, dat dai khd cfin. Dan Viet tir viing ngoai vdo chu yeu sinh sdng bfing nghe bidn.

Trai qua tien trinh lich sir, vimg Tmng Bd Id tram tmng chuydn, dat diing chan dd ngudi Viet tien vd phia Nam md coi, lai la viing bien viln cua Dai Viet, noi dien ra sy giao luu true tidp gifta ngudi

TAP CHI KHOA HOC - DAI HOC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 Viet vd ngudi Chfim. Chinh nhung dac

didm ty nhidn, xa hgi, lieh su ay dfi tao cho viing van hda Tmng Bd nhiing dac diem ridng so vdi cdc viing van hda khac cua Viet Nam.

Trong Sdng Cdn miia lu (Nguyen Mdng Giac), Nghe An dugc nhfic ddn nhu viing que gde cua Tay San tara kiet.

Cimg Nguyen Hue tu Thang Long frd lai Quy Nhon theo dudng bd, khi quan Tay Son qua frdn Nghd An, Nguyen Nhac de cap rat rd ve van dd nay: "Din dinh Vinh (Nghi An) (...) nhd vua tucri cu&i bdo day la qui cha ddt td cua ddng hg minh, nen mudn luu lgi ddy it ldu de hit th& khong khi que huang xem cd khdc v&i khdng khi Quy Nhan khdng.

Nguyin Nhgc eon eho v&i cdc bo ldo tie huyin Hung Nguyen lin di dd hdi tdng tich cda ddng hg. lap lgi gia phd di con chdu sau ndy hiiu duge nggn ngdnh" [2, h. 1035]. Qud huong xix Nghe da la cai ndi van hda gdp phan tao nen khi chat con ngudi Nguyen Hud. Nghd An la vimg dat cd rimg rara, niii cao, sdng sau, bidn rdng. Thien nhien himg vT, khac nghiet dd hinh thanh d con ngudi sue chdng cu bin hi, long kidn nhan phi thudng, tmdc hdt la de tdn tai va sau dd la tdn tai mdt each xiing dang. Han nua, Nghe An - Hd TTnh xua vdn la vimg ddt bidn cuong, phdn chia ranh gidi gifta Dai Viet va Chiem Thanh. Sy cp xat midn bien vien bao gid ciing bdi dudng con ngudi them y chi. Nhu quy ludt tdt yeu, khi eanh tay tiidu dinh khdng thd vdl qua dai thi noi tidp giap gifta nhiing mien cuong thd bao gid ciing la noi ty

do nhat, de vdy vung nhdt. Hao thidn sdng niii da hun due ndn con ngudi xii Nghe ngudn sirih lyc radi, frong dd dang ke hon ca la ldng yeu ty do, khat khao vugt thoat khdi cac khudn mau djnh san do radt thd ngoi van hda ap dat.

Ngudn sinh lyc ay tir lau da luan chay frong huyet quan bao ngudi con xii Nghe, frong dd khdng the khdng nhdc ddn tam kiet ddt Tdy Son. Chinh vi vay, khi d vao hoan canh chfing dang dimg, Nguyen Nhac da diing len phat cd khdi nghla, tao tidn dd vat chat quan frgng giiip Nguyen Hue ed dieu kidn thi thd tai nang, frd thdnh vi anh himg ldi lac Clia ddn tde Viet.

Net dep vfin hda eua viing dat khoa bang xii Nghd cdn the hien kha rd d tinh can cil, kien nhdn va tinh than hidu hgc hiem co cua Nguyen Hue. Trong ngay dau ddn ra mat thdy, Nguydn Hud dugc thay giao chii y ddn qua Idi gidi thieu cua Nguyen Nhac: "Thdng Hue sdng tri han, ldu ldu cd ldm dugc cdi dan. giup tdi sd sdeh thu thui" [1, tr. 92]. Trong ddm hgc frd nhd thdy giao Hien, Nguyin Hud nhanh chdng ndi len la ngudi hgc frd xuat sac, thdng minh va ham hgc. Nhin thai do ung dung tu tin Clia Hud khi frd ldi cdu hdi, Idng thay gido Hidn khdng khdi men phuc va ty hdo vd sue hgc ciia anh. Den khi cudc sdng chung gap nhieu khd khdn, cac ban hgc ddu bd cudc thi Nguydn Hue cang td rd sy kien tri va ham hge ddng quy. Nguyen Hue sang tao ra ldp hpc mdt thay mdt frd, thay hoi frd ddp, thich day gi thi thay day, quan tdm ddn vdn

96

TAPCHi KHOA HQC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 de gl thi frd hdi. Cach day hgc phdng

khoang, nhe nhang va gdn gui tten da khidn thay giao Hidn khdng khdi bat ngd, thit vi.

Ham hge hdi la mgt net tinh each tdt cua Nguyen Hue, ddng thdi cung la net dep van hda tmyen thdng cita ngudi ddn xii Nghe. Ddy la dilu kidn vua hiit vira ddy de Nguyen Hue sdra tidp can va thau td phan cdt loi cua dao Nho, tiep xiie va ihu phyc dudi tmdng khdng it sT phu ldi lac thdi bay gid nhu Nguyin Thidp, Tran Van Ky, Ngd Thi Nhara...

Ndu tmyen thdng van hda viing ddt Nghe An tu trong vd thirc da anh hudng den Nguydn Hue, ren luyen cho anh tinh cdn cii, ham hgc hdi thi vimg dat Binh Dinh lai lam thiic day frong Nguyen Hud bao khat vgng tu do, ddi ddi. Nhiing ngay mdi den An Thai, thdy giao Hien khdng khdi ngd ngang khi thay noi day syc sdi tinh than thupng vd.

Nguyen Hue dugc ldn ldn frong bdu khi quyen ciia tinh than thugng vd ay. Dia Iinh sinh nhan kiet. Vimg Binh Dinh ndi chung, viing ddt Tdy Son noi rieng, dac biet la lang vd An Thai vdi vi thd long xa "hodnh san dgi dia", niii non himg vT, dia thd hilm trd, sdng ngdi chang chit da hdp thu dugc khi thidng sdng mii, ren due ndn tinh each con ngudi giau tinh thdn thugng vd, nghTa hidp. Tmdc khi frd thanh ngudi hiep. Hue khat khao mudn hidu thd nao la ngudi hidp ndn mdi cimg thdy bdn luan ve chu hiep.

Bai hpc ddu tien thdy giao Hiln day Hue - Tua truyin du hiip - (tiich Su ky cua Tu Ma Thien) da dd lai dn tiigng

sdu sac va theo Hue sudt nhieu nara sau dd. Khi da trd thanh vd tudng oai phong noi fran mac, d Nguydn Hue, tinh than thuang vd hiep nghTa dy da cd thdm dieu kien the hidn va tda sang hon bao gid hdt: "Mdi ldn xdng trdn, anh dy ludn ludn xdng len hdng ddu ldm guang cho qudn sT. Lite dimg chdn nghi, chua kip cai gidp da tim den chd ndu bep xem com nu&c cua anh em ra ldm sao.

Khdi edn dodn, chi cUng biit qudn sT thuang anh dy din bde ndo" [1, fr. 561].

Ben eanh Quang Tnmg Nguyen Hue - hinh dnh ly tudng vd frang nghTa hidp thdi loan, frong Sdng Con mua lu, ngudi dpc cdn dl nhan ra d dng net tinh each dfic trung cua ngudi con xii nau.

Dd la sy chdt phdc, that thd cua chang frai, cd gai vdn xudt than noi viing dat vd than ai, thiiy chung, giau khi phdch.

Cudi cdng chiia Ngpe Han, lay dugc cai

"danh chinh ngdn thudn" frong mat sT phu Bac Ha, Nguyen Hue van rat hdn nhien ndi rang: "Vi dep logn md ra, rdi lay vg md vi, tre con nd cu&i cho thi sao? Nhung ta chi m&i quen con gdi Nam Hd, chua biet con gdi Bde Hd, nay cUng nen thir mot chuyin xem co tdt khdng?" [2, tr. 993].

Nhu vdy, hap thu tinh hoa van hda hai midn Nghd An va Binh Dinh, ngudi hgc frd nhd Nguydn Hud da dan tmi ren dugc bdn ITnh, tri tue, khi phdch phi thudng va quan frgng la da nhdn ra diing hudng di ciia hch su, quylt tam thyc hidn khat vgng ldn cita ddi rainh va cung la ciia todn dan tgc.

TAP CHi KHOA HOC - DAI HOC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 2.2.2. Quang Trung ~ Nguyin Hue:

nhdn vgt kiet xudt, kip xudt hien giica th&i cugc nhieu nhuang

Thdi the tao anh hiing. Didu ndy dac bidt diing ddi vdi ngudi anh hiing dan tdc Quang Tnmg - Nguyen Hud trong Sdng Cdn miia lu cua Nguyen Mdng Gidc. Huyet thdng, que quan la hai thanh td quan frgng gdp phan tao nen ca tinh cua Nguydn Hud. Nhung dd Id nhiing yeu td tTnh ndn nd chi thyc sy tac dgng manh md ddn con ngudi vao nhiing thdi diem ddng. Thdi dai Nguyin Hud sdng ddy nhftng bien dgng bat ngd. Nd thdi thiic vd bay cd nhftng viec phai lara, ttao cho Nguydn Hud co hdi ldn thdch thdc frong nghiep "binh thien hg" thdng nhdt giang son.

Xet den ciing, thdi dai Nguyen Hue sdng la thdi dai chl do phong kiln cat eft Dang Trong - Dang Ngoai. Ngudi ddn vi chdn ngdn tridu dinh va thu ghet bgn tham quan nen da vung len khdi nghTa. Diing liic do, nggn cd chinh nghTa cua Tay Son tara kiet giuong cao.

Quang Tnmg - Nguyen Hue nhu vi ciiru tinh Clia ddn ngheo da xuat hidn dung thdi diera. Thdi the huge Nguydn Hue phai can dy va phai thang frong nhiing viec chfing dang dimg. Uy danh vang ddi tir nhieu frdn ddnh tmdc do, dac biet la sau chien thfing oanh liet frdn Rach Gam - Xodi Mitt, Nguydn Hue sdm cam nhan dugc sy de chimg, phdng bi cua vua anh Nguyin Nhac. Khdng chdp nhdn ttgn ddi lam vi tudng mien bien vien, Nguydn Hue huge phai tu chgn lich su cho rieng minh, frd tiianh con ca

khde bai nhanh cung ddng lu, quyet thoat khdi cdi chau Quy Nhon chgt hep, boi ra biln ldn Phii Xudn thyc hidn hoai bao cua ddi minh va cung la cua toan ddn tde. Trong nhidu su bien sau do, Nguydn Hue diu d vao tinh thd budc phdi thang. Su that Id Nguydn Hue da thfing khi dng sdm nhin ra mat bao va don diing ludng di cita nd, nhan ra dugc CO hdi ldn thu thach raa lich sir frao cho:

"Hogc dng ngdi virng tien lung ngya, gidng cuang cho lich sic dua xa ve phia tru&c cho dung v&i u&c nguyin cua mgi ngu&i. Hogc dng mil qudng ghim cuang de con ngya lich su hdt ong xudng bun vd ddy len md tiin. Ong phdi lya chgn, dung ra phdi thudn theo cdi da ehdng dgng dimg cua thi cugc" [2, fr. 1123].

Vay ra, ttong timg budc tidn cua Quang Tmng - Nguyin Hue, yeu td thdi the ludn dy phan quan frgng khi lya chgn va thiic giyc ngudi anh hiing phai hanh ddng theo diing guong quay cua lich sii.

3. Ket luan

Vdi Sdng Cdn miia W, Nguyen Mgng Giac ludn cd y tach minh ra khdi cdu chuyen lich su vd gift mdt khoang cdch nhdt dinh vdi nhdn vat dugc ke den frong tdc phdm. Didu do khien cho toan bd cdu chuydn vd ngudi anh hiing ao vai Tay Son hidn len that khdch quan, sinh dpng qua timg khuc quanh lich sft:

thdi nien thilu, tudi hai rauoi, khi da tmdng thanh vd khi d ehdt dinh vinh quang quydn lyc. Tic co sd ban ddu la ca nhan thy ddng hap thu tinh hoa van hoa viing midn, van hda thdi dai, tinh hoa ddt nudc va con ngudi Viet Nara,

TAP CHi KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 05 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 sau dugc tmi ren qua cugc sdng va Quang Tmng - Nguyen Hue. Ong la chidn fran, Quang Tmng - Nguydn Hue ragt ydu nhan lich su dac biet: vua da chii ddng vuon ldn frd thanh ngudi mang frong minh hang sd chung ciia anh hung kiet xuat, ca nhan thi hien nhirng tmh each Viet ddng thdi cdn la xuat sac, frgn ven net dep van hda hidn thdn cua su kdt tinh tinh hoa vfin tinydn thdng Viet. hda hai midn Nghd An - Binh Dinh, la Xet ddn cung, qua Sdng Cdn mua lit nhan vat kiet xuat kip xudt hidn gifta (Nguydn Mdng Giae), ngudi dgc cd thdi cudc nhilu nhuang, diing vdi quan thdm CO hdi khara pha net dep van hda niem thai the tgo anh hiing va din lugt tiiiyen thdng Viet dugc thd hien frong rainh anh hiing da tao ndn thdi thd.

hmh tugng ngudi anh hiing ddn tdc

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Nguyin Mgng Giac (2003), Song Con mua lii (tap 1), Nha xudt bdn Van hgc, HaNdi

2. Nguydn Mdng Gidc (2003), Sdng Cdn miia lu (tap 2), Nha xudt ban Van hgc, HaNdi

VIETNAMESE CULTURAL HALLMARK BORNE IN THE HERO OF QUANG TRUNG - NGUYEN HUE

(A SURVEY FROM THE CON RIVER IN FLOOD SEASON BY NGUYEN MONG GIAC)

ABSTRACT

In the consciousness of Vietnamese people, Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue has been known as an outstanding hero, a number one character of the Tay Son Reign. By taking a deep insight into the work "The Con River in Flood Season " by Nguyen Mong Giac, the research paper gives contribution to help the readers more fully understand about the portrait ofthe national hero Quang Trung - Nguyen Hue in a perspective of culture.

Keywords: Quang Trung, Nguyen Hue, historical and cultural novel

(Received: 09/02/2017, Revised: 18/05/2017, Accepted for pubhcation: 24/07/2017)

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