GIAI PHAP THIET KE THIET BI DEM XE TU^ DONG
LTNGDUNG TRONG CAC HE THONG QUAN LY VA DIEU HANH
GIAO THONG THOI GIAN THlTC
PGS. TS. LE HUNG LAN Bg mon Dien khien hgc KS. TRAN VAN KHOI Bg mon Ky Ihu (it Dien Khoa Dien - Dien lir
' Trifdng Dai hgc Giao thong Van tdi
Tom tit: Bdi bdo trinh bdy mgt gidi phdp thiet ke cho thiet bi dem xe lu dgng sir dung trong cdc ung dung qudn ly vd dieu hdnh giao thong theo thai gian thirc hoac de khda sdt tinh trgng giao thong tren mgt tuyen du&ng de hogch dinh cdc chien luge duy tu. hdo duang, sua chira, ndng cdp tuyen dudng.
Summary: Th^ article presents a solution for designing the .Automatic Vehicle Counting • Machines, which will be used in real transportation management systems, or to survey the .' status of traffic on the highways to propose the siragies for maintaining, upgrading. ... the
highways. , . ,
I. MO DAU • I
Thiet bi dem xe tu ddng (Automation Vehicle Counting Machine) la mdt thiet bj phd bien va thiet yeu dupe su dung trong cac he thdng quan ly va dieu hanh giao thdng tien tien. Nd cd kha nang lam viec mdt each tu dpng tren diem kiem soat ciia mdt tuyen dudng, nham thu thap cac du- lieu ve sd lupng xe d td, xac djnh chiing loai phuong tien luu thdng qua diem kiem soat, do toe dp phuang tien chuySn ddng, ... tir dd se giri dTr lieu tdi trung tam dieu hanh theo thdi gian thuc; hoac luu trCr du lieu vao bd nhd; hoac giri len may tinh dieu khien tai tram kiem soat de luu vao ca sd dfr lieu, ... lam co- sd de tinh toan ra luu lupng phuo-ng tien, mat dp phuong tien luu thdng tren tuyen dudng. qua dd dinh lupng dupe tinh trang giao thdng dang dien ra tren tuyen dudng de cd cac chien lupc td chirc va dieu khien giao thdng mdt each hpp ly dam bao an toan, tranh iin tac, ... Ngoai ra dfr lieu thu thap dupe cd the sir dung de danh gia miic dp sii' dung hieu qua ciia tuyen dudng, tudi thp ciia tuyen dudng, ... de lap nen cac ke hoach duy tu, bao dudng tuyen dudng mdt each hpp ly, dam bao khai thae tuyen dudng mdt each hieu qua va an toan; cung lam co- so- de danh gia. de xay dung cac chien lupc quy hoach giao thdng, md rdng, hoac xay dirng cac tuyen dudng mdi mdt each phii hop dam bao de giao thdng dien ra an toan, tin cay va hieu qua.
II. NOI DUNG
2.1. Lya chon cong nghe dem va phat hien xe
Phat hien xe tu ddng cd the dua tren rat nhieu nguyen ly khac nhau: nguyen ly ap luc.
20 Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S6 29 - 03/2010
nguyen ly cam irng tir, tir trudng, hdng ngoai, sieu am, cdng nghe xir ly anh, ... Viec lua chpn nguyen ly va cdng nghe phu thupc vao nhieu yeu td: tinh nang yeu cau ciia thiet bi, vi tri lap dat, mdi trudng lap dat. chi phi thiet bj va chi phi trong lap dat bao dudng, ...
- Xet ve mat tinh nang, hau het tat ca cac cdng nghe cam bien deu dam bao dugc chiic nang phat hien su hien dien ciia phuong tien, dem xe va kiem soat dupe su chiem dung lan dudng ciia phuong tien. Rieng cdng nghe sieu am thudng khdng su- dung de do tdc dp ciia phuong tien, nhung nd cd the diing de xac djnh chieu cao ciia phuong tien. De xac djnh dupe chiing loai phuong tien cd the sir dung mdt trong cac cdng nghe nhu xir ly anh, hdng ngoai chu dpng, radar sdng ngan va vdng cam irng. Vdi cac cdng nghe xir ly anh, am thanh, hdng ngoai chii dpng va radar sdng ngan mdt thiet bi cd the thuc hien dupe chiic nang giam sat tren nhieu lan dudng.
- Ve khia canh vj tri va mdi trudng noi lap dat thiet bj. Vdi cac cdng nghe ap luc va dien tir trudng thi thiet bj chuyen ddi tin hieu nhat dinh phai dupe lap dat phia dudi mat dirdng, khi dd can yeu cau khoan, cat va gia cdng lai mat dudng, hon nua nd se anh hudng den tinh trang giao thdng tai doan dudng dd trong qua trinh lap dat, bao dudng va sira chira. Cdn vdi cac cdng nghe khac thi hau nhu khdng cd su xam lan lan dudng, bdi vi thiet bj sir dung cac cdng nghe dd deu dupe lap dat d phia canh lan dudng hoac d phia tren lan dudng. Mdt diem khac biet nua la vdi cac thiet bi su dung nhung cdng nghe nay hau het la deu cd kich thude kha nhd gpn, viec lap dat, bao dudng bao tri, sira chua la kha de dang, mac dii trong mdt sd irng dung cd the phai yeu ciiu tam dimg sir luu thdng tren doan dudng thi cdng de dam bao an toan cho ngudi thi cdng va nhung ngudi tham gia giao thdng.
- Ve khia canh gia thanh thi cdng nghe vdng cam iing, sieu am. hdng ngoai thu ddng, tii' trudng khdng day va radar sdng ngan dupe xem la kha kinh te. Cdn vdi cac cdng nghe nhu am thanh. hdng ngoai chii ddng va xir ly anh, thiet bi cd gia thanh tuong ddi cao, dac biet la thiet bi su dung cdng nghe xir ly anh va hdng ngoai chii ddng.
Theo bao cao thdng ke ciia Lawrence Klein 2005. tuo-ng quan gia thanh ciia cac cdng nghe trong bang 1.
Bdng 1
Cdng nghe Vdng cam irng Radar sdng ngan Hdng ngoai chu ddng Hdng ngoai thu ddng Sieu am
Am thanh Xir lv anh Tir trudng
Gia thanh thiet bj ($) 1 2 x 7 5 0 = 9000
6 x 9 9 5 = 5970 6 X 6000 = 36000
6 X 700 = 4200 2 x 7 3 5 = 1470 2 x 3 5 0 0 = 7000 2 X 4900 = 9800 1 2 x 4 5 0 = 5400
Gia thanh lap dat (S) Kem gia thiet bj
3200 3200 1200 400 800 1000
200
Gia thanh bao dudng
($/nam) 700 600 600 600 200 400 400 200
Tudi thp (nam)
10 7 7 7 7 7 10 10 - Ve dp chinh xac phat hien, theo ket qua tdng hpp ciia Lawrence Klein (2005).
T9P chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG V ^ TAI So 29-03/2010 21
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 / 8 9
Cdng nghe sii-dung trong he thdng dem xe tu ddng
Vdng cam u'ng Ong hoi Radar sdng ngan Hdng ngoai chii ddng
Hdng ngoai thu ddng Sieu am Am thanh Xii- ly anh Tir trudng
Vj tri lap dat Dudi be mat dudng Dudi be mat dudng Phia tren lan dudng Phia tren lan dudng Phia tren lan dudng Phia tren lan dudng Phia tren lan dudng Phia tren lan dudng Dudi be mat dudng
Bdng 2 Sai sd (%)
Dem xe 0,1 - 3 0,92 - 30 2 , 5 - 13,8
0,7 10 1,2 8 - 16
5 1 - 3
Do tdc dp 1,2-3,3
- 1 5,8 10,8
- - 8 1 - 3 De dam bao dp chinh xac dem xe > 95%, cd the sii- dung cdng nghe vdng cam irng, hdng ngoai chii ddng, sieu am va tii- trudng.
Vdi bai toan cu the dupe dat ra: thiet bj dem va phat hien xe dupe dat tai cac diem kiem soat tren cac dudng cao tdc hudng ve trung tam thanh phd. Nhiem vu ciia thiet bj la dem xe dtd di tren cac lan dudng va truyen sd lieu ve trung tam dieu khien giao thdng. Yeu cau thiet bj phai dam bao dp tin cay phat hien cao (> 95%), gia thanh thap, dp linh hoat trong lap dat, sira chQ-a, dam bao tinh tham my hai hda vdi mdi trudng canh quan xung quanh tai vj tri lap dat, hon nua thiet bj dupe lap dat d tren cac dudng cao tdc d vj tri ngoai trdi nen phai cd kha nang chdng chju tdt vdi dieu kien thdi tiet khac nghiet tai Viet Nam (chju dupe nhiet dp 5 - 70'C; dp am cao den
9 5 % ) . . •• i • • - - : : '
Vdi cac thiet bj dem xe sir dung cac cdng nghe ap lire hay dien tir trudng deu phai dat tren mat dudng hoac dupe chdn dudi mat dudng. dieu dd se anh hudng true tiep tdi chat luang va my quan be mat dudng noi bd tri cam bien, hon nua nd se anh hudng true tiep tdi tinh trang giao thdng ciia ca mot tuyen dudng trong cac khoang thdi gian tien hanh viec lap dat, sira chua hay bao dudng thay the thiet bj, mdt khia canh khac ciia cac thiet bj theo cac cdng nghe nay dd la sir cdng kenh, phirc tap trong trien khai lap dat. Do vay d day phuong an lira chpn cd the sir diing cac nguyen ly do, phat hien khdng tiep xiic, thiet bj se dirpc lap dat d ben canh lan dudng hoac tren cdt dat ben canh lan dudng. Nhung thiet bi phat hien xe kieu nay cd the sir dung cac nguyen ly phat hien theo cdng nghe xii- ly anh, sieu am, hay hdng ngoai, ... nhu da khao sat d tren. Trong cac cdng nghe xir ly anh, sieu am va hdng ngoai thi nguyen ly phat hien xe dua tren su thu thap nang lupng birc xa hdng ngoai va nguyen ly dua tren cdng nghe sieu am td ra kha thi hon, do thiet bj sir dung nguyen ly nay don gian, thiet bj re ho-n rat nhieu so vdi thiet bj phat hien theo cdng nghe xir ly anh. hdng ngoai chii ddng va cdng nghe am thanh. (J day thiet bi yeu cau it cac tinh nang, do do sir dung thiet bj xir ly anh, hdng ngoai chii ddng se qua lang phi vi khdng tan dung va khai thae het dupe het cac tinh nang va kha nang ciia thiet bi. Vdi thiet bi phat hien sir dung cdng nghe hdng ngoai thu ddng, cd the ciing la mdt lira chpn cho irng dung nay vi rang gia thanh cua nd rat re, viec bd tri, lap dat thiet bj cd kha nang thuc hien rat de dang, rat cd tinh my quan so vdi mdi trudng xung quanh. Tuy nhien dp chinh xac lam viec trong tac vu dem va phat hien phuong tien theo cdng nghe hdng ngoai thu ddng cd the khdng dat duoc dp
22 Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI ^ d ^9 - (B/2010
chinh xac cao (dem xe vdi cdng nghe hdng ngoai cd the gay sai sd den 10%). Cdn vdi thiet bi sir dung cdng nghe sieu am, dp chinh xac trong dem va phat hien xe cd kha nang ludn dam bao dupe dp chinh xac < 5%, tuy rang viec bd tri, lap dat cam bien va toan bd thiet bj yeu cau ngat ngheo hon so vdi thiet bj sir dung cdng nghe hdng ngoai.
Mpt each tdng quat, cdng nghe sieu am: - • ••" . ' . . ' - Hau nhu khdng chju anh hudng bdi cac dieu kien mdi trudng nhu mua gid, suong mil, bui bam, anh nSng, nhilu dien tir ... Su thay ddi nhiet dp cd the anh hudng den tdc dp sdng truyen, tuy nhien hau het cac cam bien sieu am dupe che tao deu cd the bd sung them co- cau bit nhiet.
- Dp chinh xac, tin cay lam viec cd kha dam bao > 95%.
- Viec lap dat, bao dudng khdng xam lan lan dudng nai lap dat, nhd gpn, khdng anh hudng nhieu den my quan noi lap dat.
- Kha kinh te, cd the xem la re nhat trong cac loai cdng nghe sir dung de dem va phat hien xe ke ca gia thanh ve thiet bj, lap dat, bao dirdng, va van hanh.
- Tich luy dupe be day kinh nghiem trong che tao, sir dung tir Nhat Ban,...
Vi vay cdng nghe sieu am cd the la mdt lira chpn rat tdt cho bai toan dem va phat hien xe.
2.2. Giai phap cho ket noi va truyen du- lieu tir thiet bj ve trung tam dieu hanh va quan Iy giao thong
Trong bai toan truyen tin tir thiet bj dem xe ve trung tam dieu hanh va quan ly giao thdng, thdng tin la dang sd lieu, vi vay cd the coi day la bai toan truyen sd lieu.
Truyen sd lieu cd the dirpc thuc hien bang rat nhieu cac giai phap khac nhau tren mpt sd mang nhu: Mang sd lieu chuyen mach gdi, mang sd lieu chuyen mach kenh, mang dien thoai chuyen mach cdng cdng, mang thdng tin di ddng, cac mang may tinh (LAN, MAN, WAN), cac mang time rieng, ...
Vdi bai toan truyen sd lieu ket ndi giua trung tam dieu hanh va cac thiet bj dem xe, dung lupng till truyen la kha nho, chu ky truyen du lieu kha dai (khoang 30 phiit), do vay tan suat truyen lii kha thap. Ngoai ra du lieu truyen mang cac thdng tin quang ba, khdng yeu cau dp bao mat cao, khdng yeu cau tdc dp dap irng nhanh, ... Do vay giai phap truyen tin dupe lua chpn yeu cau cd tdc dp truyen tai trung binh, dp bao mat va an toan dir lieu d mire trung binh, phai de dang va nhanh chdng trong trien khai, lap dat va siia chua, phai linh hoat trong trien khai, thay ddi va phat tri^n he thdng, va mdt khia canh nua can xem xet la phai rat kinh te.
Co so- de lira chpn giai phap truyen tin la can cir vao mdi trudng truyen dan, phuang thuc chuyen giao thdng tin va loai hinh djch vu, bdi nd quyet dinh den thiet bj trong he thdng, nguyen tac lam \ iec. chat lupng tru_\en tin va gia thanh cua he thdng.
- Mdi trudng lru\ en dan cd 2 dang:
+ I liru tii\cn: neu trien khai mdi. yeu cau vdn dau tu cao. tdn cdng trong trien khai, lap dat
T9P chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 29 - 03/2010 23
he thong, tdn cdng trong bao dudng, bao tri he thdng. Tuy nhien chat lupng dich vu dam bao, it ehiu anh hudne bdi cac dieu kien dja hinh, thdi tiet. chi phi van hanh thap. Neu ca so- ha tang da cd sin, hoac cd the tan dung da sd thi day se la giai phap tdt cd the lira chpn.
+ Vd tuyen: Trien khai de dang, nhanh chdng. khdng can dao xdi. chi phi dau tu it. Tuy nhien se bj anh hudng nhieu bdi dieu kien thai tiet va dja hinh, ngoai ra thi chi phi cho van hanh cd the se Idn.
- Phuo-ng thirc chuyen giao thdng tin cd 2 dang:
-(- Phuong thirc chuyen giao kieu kenh: Thdng tin dugc truyen di trong cac khe thdi gian cd dp dai cd djnh, khdng cd phat hien ldi, khdng linh hoat ve bang thdng, thich hgp vdi dir lieu tdc dp thap.
+ Phuong thirc chuyen giao kieu gdi: Chuyen giao kieu gdi la mdt cdng nghe hien dai, thdi gian tre nhd, cd kha nang dieu khien luu lugng, vi the sir dung kenh truyen rat hieu qua, dac biet cd the tao ra ket ndi vdi tdc dp cao de cung cap cac djch vu bang thdng rdng.
- Loai hinh djch vu: Cd the tao mdi hoac thue bao.
+ Tao mdi: Can cd sir dau tu mua sam cac trang thiet bi trong he thdng, tien hanh khai bao va dang ky vdi cac co- quan chirc nang, trien khai viec lap dat va thir nghiem. Do vay chi phi cao, tdn cdng. Tuy nhien se chii ddng dugc hoan toan ve kenh truyen, cd dugc chat lugng dudng truyen cao, dp an toan va bao mat tdt, dung lupng truyen ldn, ...
+ Thue bao: Cd the thue bao ca kenh truyen, khi dd viec truyen tin se chii ddng, dam bao tdc dp, dung lugng truyen ldn, bao mat tdt, nhirng chi phi thue bao se cao, ... ; hoac cd the thue bao djch vu, khi dd chi phi re, chat lugng dich vu, tdc do truyen, do bao mat, an toan d mire trung binh, cd kha nang xay ra nghen mach do sir dung chung vdi cac thue bao khac, ...
Vdi nhung yeu cau cu the nhu da de cap d tren trong bai toan truyen du- lieu tii- thiet bi ve trung tam dieu hanh va quan ly giao thdng, viec lira chpn giai phap xay dirng tao lap mdt kenh truyen mdi la qua xa xi. bdi chi phi se dat, ma khdng khai thae dupe uu diem chinh la sir chii ddng va bao mat trong kenh truyen, tdc dp va dung lugng tin truyen; giai phap se la thue bao cac djch VII kenh truyen san cd. Viec thue bao ca kenh truyen td ra khdng kinh te, gay lang phi trong sir dung, vdi cac djch vu thue bao cd san, djch vu quay sd cd djnh, dich vu mang sd lieu chuyen mach gdi, mang sd lieu chuyen mach kenh su dung cac dudng truyen hiiu tuyen to ra khdng Imh hoat trong trien khai lap dat va thay ddi he thdng, cac djch vu thue bao vi sdng ve tinh td ra kha xa xi boi chi phi thue bao djch vu nay kha dat. djch vu mang may tinh su dung dudng truyen Intemet thi kem hieu qua, do dung lugng tin truyen nhd, chu ky truyen tin dai, do vay se rat lang phi kenh truyen. Phuo-ng an thue bao djch vu mang di ddng td ra cd uu Xhi ban vdi dp linh hoat rat cao. vimg tnen khai rdng, kha nang trien khai nhanh chdng, de dang, chi phi 6au tu cho thiet bj it. hd trp nhieu djch vu trong dd hinh thirc giri tin SMS, GPRS vdi dp dai tin vira phai, linh hoat. chi phi tinh theo dung lupng tin la kha re giiip phan tiet kiem kha nhilu chi phi trong trien khai van hanh he thdng. Day se la giai phap dugc lira chpn de triln khai cdng tac truyen so lieu tir thiet bi dem xe ve trung tam dieu hanh va quan ly giao thdng. Cac modul chirc nang truyen n
Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG \A.N TAI So 29 - 03/2010
phat SMS, GPRS nay hien dugc che tao va da dupe sir dung phd bien tren the gidi, don cir nhu modul GM862 cua Telit, REB-1315LP, MEB-1280 ciia RoyalTek, LEA-S5, ... viec dieu khiln truyen phat tir mach xii- ly va dieu khien la kha don gian thuc hien bang cac lenh dung san, do vay kha nang lam viec tin cay va hieu qua truyen phat cao. Van de can xem xet chi la chat lupng djch \ Ll truyen thdng. Mdt xem xet tdng quan ve chirc nang, gia thanh ta lua chpn modul GM862 cua Tellit lam thiet bj chinh trong mach truyen phat dir lieu giri ve trung tam dieu hanh sir dung cac djch vu thue bao mang di ddng.
2.3. Giai phap thiet ke thiet bj dem .ve ty dong su dung cong nghe sieu am va tich hop modul truyen phat GPRS
Thiet bj dem xe tir ddng su dung cdng nghe sieu am, tich hgp Modul truyen phat SMS, GPRS cd the phan tach thanh cac modul chirc nang co- ban minh hpa nhu so- dd cau true chirc nan" tren hinh ve 1.
Mach ket noi tai may tinh tram khao sat
Cam bien sieu am Mach xi> ly tin hieu va ai^u khiln
Modul GM862 truyen phat SMS. GPRS
Nguon cung cap
Hinlil.Soddcdiilriicmdydemxeluddng
+ Bo phan cam bien irng dung cdng nghe sieu am: Ve co ban nd bao gdm cd thanh phan chuyen ddi lin hieu la thiel bj truyen va nhan sdng sieu am (cd the thiet bj truyen va thiet bj nhan la khac nhau, cimg cd the ca hai dupe tich hgp tren mdt thiet bj); mach xir ly tin hieu so- bd, va mach phat hien tin hieu. Ngoai ra cd the cdn cd ca cac mach chirc nang tu ddng hieu chinh he sd nhiet mdi trudng, va mach thiet dat pham vi giam sat cho cam.
+ Mach xu Iy \ a dieu khien.
Day la bd phan trung tam ciia thiet bi, thdng thudng la cac vi xir ly, cac vi dieu khien tich hgp cd tdc dp xir ly phii hgp cd do dn djnh va tin cay cao. de dang ket ndi vdi cac bd phan chirc nang khac, de dang trong viec lap trinh, sira ddi va phat tnen bang phan mem, ben canh dd cung yc'u can kich tliirdc cang nho gpn cang tdt. , ^
+ Modul GM 862 truyln phat SMS, GPRS.
Modul GM862 la modul tich hgp nhieu tinh nang: truyen nhan SMS, GPRS, djnh vj GPS, Ihu vti phiit tin hieu Radio. ... Vice dieu khien va lira chpn tinh nang do mach xir ly va dilu khicn qiiyc't djnh, va thuc hien bang cac lenh AT.
4- .Modul ngudn cung cap.
Modul la\ ngudn 220V xoa\ chieu tir mang den dudng, chuyen ddi thanh 12 - 16VDC
. 9P chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG Vi^N TAI So 29 - 03/2010 25
cung cap che toan bd thiet bj.
Ngoai ra thilt bj cung can dugc trang bj them mach giao tiep vdi may vi tinh, de cd the thuc hien cac chirc nang thiet dat, chinh sua, phat trien chuong trinh tir may tinh, hoac de chuyin dQ- lieu thdng tin len may tinh tai tram khao sat de luu trir. xir ly dfr lieu va iruyen ve trung tam.
San pham che tao thu":
Tren co- sd so- dd cau tnic thiet bi dugc xay dung, tac gia tien hanh che tao thir thiet bj dua tren viec phan tach thiet bj thanh cac Modul chirc nang nham dam bao de dang trong thiet ke, che tao va thay the, cung nhu viec tieu chuan hda.
30-ft (9,1 mj range 1.5-in. NPTtt)reads
IPS8 housing "JP"'
Top and bottom mounting threads
Hinh 2. Cam bien siiu dm TS-15S-SKSK Hinh 3. Mach xu ly vd diiu khiin
%
Hinh 4. Mach truyen phdt SMS. GPRS sir dung modul SM862
Thiet bj sau khi ga lap hoan chinh va boat ddng:
Hinh 5. Mach hiin thi
' I S
? •
ffinh 6. S, an phdm chi lao thu
26 Tap chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI S6 29 - 03/2010
2.4. Mot so ket qua thu nghiem
* Lap dat thir nghiem thiet bi tai dja phan Thudng Tin tren dudng QLIA mdi, tuyen cao
tdc Phap Van - Cau Gie. -'';
Phuong liin liin Idi vdng gidm sdt Phirong lien \ao viiiig gidm sdt Hinh 7. Thiet bi dim xe khdch a Idn duang sd 2
Ket qua:
Thdi gian tien hanh thir nghiem tir 15h30' tdi 16h09'.
+ Thiet bj dem sd lugng xe d td luu thdng qua diem kiem soat dam bao dp chinh xac 100%.
+ Kiem soat thdi gian thirc mdt each chinh xac.
+ Dinh ky 5 phiil tinh theo thdi gian thuc trong ngay thiet bj deu dan giri thdng tin dudi dang tin nhan SMS tdi sd thuc bao 0903211673 mpt each chinh xac.
Hinh 8. Tliiil l^i gin sd lieu ldi sd cua thiit bi nhdn lin
So ciia thiet bj (841216023098) ciing da dugc dang ky dja chi hdm thu mobilfone (khoii;tvt(ir_dmobifone.com.vn) va dinh ky giri tin nhan ddng thdi den dja chi email:
khoi.tbd.utvtfj-tjgmail.com.
from khoictvt(i:t'mobifone.com.vn to khoi.tbd.mvt(«)mnail.com date Sat, Oct 10, 2009 at 3:35 PM Time 15:35
Model: TDH-K14.VI Sohieu: V.C:038 So xe: 00050
from khoigtvt(a)mobifone.com.-vn to khoi.tbd.gtvt(ft!gmail.com date Sat. Oct 10. 2009 at 4:05 PM Time 16:05
Model: TDH-K14.VI Sohieu: V.C:038 So xe: 00302
Do khd khan \ e viec td chiic ga lap thiet bj, cung cap ngudn dien cho thiet bj, ... do dd viec
19P chi KHOA HQC GIAO THONG VAN TAI So 29 - 03/2010 27
td chirc thii- nghiem iiet bj tren cac dudng qudc Id (tren cac dudng cao tdc) khdng thuc hien dugc mdt each tieu chuan vdi thdi gian dii dai de danh gia dp tin cay va dp dn djnh ciia thiet bj.
Nhung vdi kha nang ciia thiet bi, vdi cac ket qua lam viec d hai phep thir tren, vdi hien trang tdc dp luu hanh ciia cac phuong tien tren cac tuyen dudng qudc Id gidi ban d mu'c 110 -120 km/h, hoan toan co co- sd de ndi rang thiet bj cd kha nang dem dugc phuo'ng tien vdi do chinh xac dam bao ldn hon 95%. Tuy nhien d day cijng phai xem xet mdt van de rang: thiet bj che tao thii- mdi chi mang tinh thir nghiem tinh nang lam viec, chua chii trpng thiet ke dam bao chdng am, chdng mua, chong nhieu, dam bao ket cau vung chae va tinh my quan ciia thiet bj. Do vay mpi hoat ddng thir nghiem va ket qua danh gia chi dam kliang djnh trong nhung dieu kien thdi tiet dep va trong mdt khoang thdi gian dai cd the chap nhan dugc. Ket qua lam viec nhat thdi nay chua dam khang dinh la se ludn ludn dn djnh va chinh xac nhu liic thii- nghiem, van de nay cd le can phai de thuc nghiem kiem chiing va can hieu chinh trii-dc khi dua ra nhirng ket luan va danh gia cudi ciing.
III. KET LUAN
Tren co- sd nghien cu-u va phan tich mdt each ty mi, ky ludng, tii- do tac gia da xay dung dugc mdt each tdng the giai phap thiet ke may dem xe tu ddng sir dung trong cac img dung quan ly giao thdng thdi gian thuc, tren dd da phan tach tdng the thiet bj thanh cac modul chiic nang de de dang cho viec che tao, ghep ndi, su'a chira, thay the, lap dat va cung de de dang cho viec phat trien, md rdng tinh nang, va cd kha nang giao tiep, ket hgp vdi cac thiet bj khac.
Hien tai thiet bj mdi dam bao tinh nang dem xe, phat hien su hien dien va chiem dung lan dudng ciia phuang tien, nd chii yeu phuc vu cho viec xac djnh luu lugng xe luu thdng tren lan dudng, tuyen dudng, xac djnh mat do phuong tien tren tuyen dudng de phuc vu cho cdng tac quan ly va dieu hanh giao thdng theo thdi gian thuc; cd the thuc hien them tinh nang phat hien chiing loai phuong tien dua vao chieu cao, tuy nhien viec phan loai nay yeu cau lira chpn loai cam bien dieu khien dupe, hoac can bd sung them cam bien va sd loai phuong tien ma may cd kha nang phan biet se ty le vdi sd cam bien can thiet phai su dung. Hoac mpt giai phap khac la cd the ket hgp sir dung vdi cac cdng nghe phat hien khac de tang them tinh nang cho thiet bj, de cd the tan diing triet de nhung uu diem ciia cdng nghe sieu am va cac cdng nghe khac tren dd cd xem xet van de kinh te va giai phap thiet bj.
Ket qua ciia nghien ciru se dat nen mdng cho viec thuc hien nhirng budc tiep theo de che tao mdt thiet bj dem xe tu ddng hoan chinh vdi nhung tinh nang phii hgp nhieu hon vdi dieu kien Viet Nam ve ky thuat va kmh tl.
Tai lieu tham khao
[1]. Luz Elena Y.Mimbela, Lawrence A.Klein. "Summary of Vehicle Detection and Surveillance Technologies used in Intelligent Transportation Systems". New Mexico State University, August 31, 2007.
[2]. "Traffic Detector Handbook, Third Edition - Volum 1,11". Turner Fairbank Highway Reserch Center, October 2006.
[3]. "Ultrasonic Detection", www.sdtnorthamerica.com
[4]. "GM862-GPS Software User_Guide", Telit wireless Solutions. January 2007.
[5]. "Detection Teclinologies for IVHS", http;//ntl.bts.gov.
[6]. Lawrence A. Klein, " Sensor teclinologies and data requirements for ITS", 2008.
[7j. TS. Dcing Cdng Chiin. Bao cao khoa hoc "Nghien ciru thiet ke che tao may dim xe tu dong", 2005 •
