BAI BAO KHOA HOC
B A N H
GlA THirC TRANG NOI DUNG GIANG DAY KY THUAT NHAY XA
ITSNTHAN
CHU SINH
V I £ NCHUYEN
N G A N H O I E NKINH NGANH HUAN LUYEN THE THAO TRDiiNG OAI HOC THE DUC THE THAU BAC NINH
Nguyen Thanh Long*
Tdm tat: ^ H Thong qua c^c phiro-ng ph^p nghien cCru khoa hpc thu'ang quy, chijng t6t d§ danh gia du-p?
thyc trgng nOi dung giang day ky thu$t nhay xa iidn th§n cho sinh vien chuy§n nganh Dien l<inh, Nganh Hu4n luy#n the thao (HLTT), Tm-ffng Ogi hpc The duo t h i thao (TDTT) Bac Ninh, qua i6 tim hieu du-pc thyc trang kit qua hpc tap cua sinh vien chira cao, dilm xep logi kha v^ trung binh c6n nhilu.
Ttr khoa: Thyc trang, npi dung, nhiy xa yo-n th§n, Dai hpc TDTT Bac Ninh.
Assessing the current situation of teaching technique of long jump's stride technique for students who specialized in Track and Field from Physical Education Training faculty at
Bac Ninh Sport University Summary;
Through the methods of regular scientific research, we have evaluated the state of the content of teaching long jump's stride technique for students who specialized in Track and Field, Physical Education Training faculty, UPES1 in order to understand that the status of students' results is not high, the ranking score of medium and average stiil remains common.
Keywords: Current status, content, long jump, stride, Bac Ninh Sport University and sports
OAT UAN flE nghe khoa hpc trpng nghien curu, da co cac tac Ky thuat nhay xa uon than la ky thuat kho gi^ nghien ciiu nhu Bach phuong Thao (2015), bao g6m nhiSu dpng tac ph6i hop thuc hien hen D ™ Trung Kien (2013), Dinh Quang Nggc tuc, tir chay da - giam nhay - tren khong - va (2015), Vu Quynh Nhu (2016). Tuy nhien, trong tiep dk. Thuc ttang qua trinh giang day cho nghien cijm ling dung thiSt hi Suni Motion 3D thay, van con nhieu sinh vien mSc phai nhimg de phan tich cac chuyen dpng, xae dinh nhiing sai ISm khi thirc hien cac giai doan ky thuat nhay sai lim thuang mSc, ciing nhu dk dinh gia miic xa. Do vay, de nang cao hieu qua trong giang ^9 hoan thien ky thuat trong giang day ky thiit day cin phai img dung thiSt hi cong nghe dk thu iih^y xa uon than lai chua co tac gia nao dl c|p thap he thdng dS lieu v6 hinh anh, goc dp toi. X u i t phat tit thuc tk tren vi$c nghiSn ciu chuyen dpng cac bp phan co thS khi thuc hien "Danh gia thuc trang npi dung giang day ky hing giai doan ky thuat. Ciing nhu lira chpn va thuat nhay xa uon than cho sinh vien chuyen ling dung cac bai tap b6 tra da dang cho rtmg nganh DiSn kinh Nganh HLTT Tnrong Dai hoc giai doan ky thuat. Tir do giup cho giao vien, TDTT BSc Ninh".
sinh vien nSm bit, dinh hinh diing cac dpng tac PHinilliG PHAP NGHIEIII CIKU
vjn dung co hieu qua hong qua hinh giang day Qua trinh nghien cihi ehung toi su dyng cac va hpc tap. ^ phuang phap sau: Phuang phap phong vin;
Xuat phat hr thuc tien viec ling dung cong Phuang phap quan sat su pham; Phuang pMP
•TS, Truong Dai hoc TDTT BSc Ninh; Email: [email protected]
eMTMViHUMIUIVByilfTlUO SODAC BIET/2018 quan trac Video; Phuang phap kiSm tra su pham
va Phirong phap toan hoc thdng ke.
KET qUA NGHIEN COUVA BAN LUAN 1. ThM'C trang npi dung giang day ky thu$t nhay xa ir&n than cho sinh vien chuyen nganh Dien kinh Nganh HLTT Tru'o'ng Dai hoc TDTT BJc Ninh
De danh gia th\rc trang npi dung giang day
ky thuat nhay xa uon than dpi vai sinh vien chuyen nganh Diln kinh Nganh HLTT Tnrong Dai hpc TDTT BSc Ninh. Chimg toi tiln hanh phong vin 20 giang vien, HLV, cac chuyen gia dang giang day, huan luyen, va kiem nghiem tai tnrong ve cac npi dung giang day ky thuat nhay xa uon than, ket qua phong van duae trinh bay tai bang 1.
Bang 1. Thtpc trang noi dung giang d^y ky thuat nhay xa u'O'n than cho sinh vien chuyen nganh D i l n kinh Nganh HLTT, Tru'dng Dal hoc TDTT Bac Ninh (n = 20)
TT 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9
10
Noi dung
Npi dung nhay xa uim than co dupe giang day theo chuang trinh mon hpc cua bo mon Dien kinh, Cu ta?
Qua trinh giang day npi dung nhay xa uon than dupe giang day theo diing trinh tu cac nhiem vu hay khong?
Npi dung giang day nhay xa uon than ca giang day ly thuyet?
N6i dung giang day nhay xa uan than co giang day thuc hanh?
Trong qua trinh giang day npi dung nhay xa uon than giao vien CO chii trpng neu sai lam thtrong mac va dira ra cac bai tap bo trp chuyen mon de khae phuc sai lam cho sinh vien khong?
Da s6 sinh vign co nam dupe nguyen ly ky thuat, hieu npi dung b^ giang nhay xa uon than khong?
Da so sinh vien c6 thi,rc hien tot ky thuat nhay xa uon than khong?
Trong chuang trinh, thai gian giang day ky thuat nhay xa uon than qua it?
Ky thugt nhay xa nan than c6 phai la ky thuat kho?
NIU dupe phan tieh ky thuSt nhay xa uon than qua hinh anh 3D vdi cac goc do ciia ban chan, chan, than nguai va tay se giup sinh vi6n hieu ro ve nguyen ly ky thuat va dat hieu qua hpc tap cao han?
Dongy mi 20 20 20 20 20
10 10 20 20
20 Ty le %
100 100 100 100 100
50 50 100 100
100
Khong dong y mi
0 0 0 0 0
10 10 0 0
0 T y l e %
0 0 0 0 0
50 50 0 0
0
Qua ket qua bang 1 cho thay da phan 100%
y kien dong y vai npi dung cau hoi phong van.
Tuy nhien, 50% y kien danh gia so sinh vien nam dugc nguyen ly ky thuat, hieu noi dung bai giang nhay xa uon than va so sinh vien thuc hien tot ky thuat nhay xa uon than van a miic ' tmng binh.
2. Danh gia thiPC trang nhCrng sai lam thu'd'ng m i c va nguyen nhan dan den sai ,1am khi hoc ky thuat nhay xa u'O'n than cua sinh vien chuyen nganh Dien kinh Nganh HuSn luy#n the thao
2.1. Ddnh gid thue trqng nhirng sai lam thu&ng mdc
Be xae dinh dugc nhihig sai lara thuang mac cua sinh vien khi hgc ky nhay xa uon than. De tai da tien hanh quan sat cac gio hpc cua sinh vien, cung nhu cac buoi tap luyen ciia VDV tai trung tam Dao tao VDV Trucmg Dai hgc TDTT Bac Ninh, ket hgp voi phuang phap phong van cac giang vien, HLV, chuyen gia co kinh nghiem trong giang day va huan luyen Dien kinh. Ket qua phong van xae dinh nhung sai lam thuang mac dugc trinh bay a bang 2.
BAI BAD KHOA HOC
Bang 2. Ket qua phong van xae djnh nhirng sai lam thu'O'ng mac khi hoc ky thujt nhay xa U'dn than cho sinh vien chuyen nganh Dien kinh
Nganh HLTT Tru^rng Dal hpc TDTT Bic Ninh (n = 20) TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ten cac sai lim Nhip dieu chay da khong on dinh Buoc da cuoi ciing qua dai Buoc giam nhay than nguai nga ra sau Quy dao bay cua trpng tam ca the con thap Chua du6i hit chan giam khi giam nhay Chua thuc hien dpng tac buoc bp tren khpng Khong thirc hien duoc dpng tac uon cang than nguoi Khong thu dupe hai chan khi tiep dat
Tiep dat mat thang bang bi nga ve sau
m i
20 12 14 14 19 17 16 16 13
Tylf%
100 '^
60 70 70 95 85 80 80 65 Tir ket qua bang 2 cho thay nhung sai lam ca
ban dugc cac chuyen gia, giang vign, HLV c6 kinh nghiem va co ty le so phieu tan thanh cao tren 70% do la:
- Sai lam 1: Nhip dieu chay da khong on dinh.
- Sai lam 2: Chua du6i h^t chan giam khi gifim nhay.
- S ai lam 3: Chua thi^c hien dgng tac buac bg tren khong.
- Sai lam 4: Khong thuc hien dugc dgng tac uon cang than nguai.
- Sai lam 5: Khong thu dugc hai chan khi ti8p cat.
Nhimg sai lam con lai vin mSc phai nhung khong nhilu, ma 5 sai lam tren day la nhung sai lam ca ban cua sinh vien thucmg mic trong hpc ky thuat nhay xa uon than. Bk co bien phap khSc phuc hieu qua nhat voi nhung sai ikm ca ban tren, truac het ehung toi phai tim hiSu ro cac nguyen nhan dSn din nhimg sai \km do.
2.2. Xdc dinh nhimg nguyen nhdn ddn din sai Idm thu&ng mdc trong hge ky thuat
Tim hieu ro nhung nguyen nhan din d6n sai lam thuang mic n-ong khi hpc ky thuat nhay xa uon than la can cu thuc tiin di lira chpn nhung bai tap, nhirng bien phap phu hgp sua chiia, hoan thien va phat triin ky thuat a muc hoan thien. Qua nghien cuu thuc ti giang day nhiiu nam va qua qua trinh trao d6i phong vin cac chuyen gia, giang vien, HLV di tai da xae dinh dugc cac nguyen nhan cua cac sai \im do la:
- Sai Idm 1: Nhip diiu chay dd khong on dinh:
nguyen nhan la nguai tap thucmg khong xae dinh
dugc chinh xae cu Iy chay da, nhip dieu cac bu6c chay da thucmg khong on dinh, chay khong nacg dugc trgng tam. Chay da qua d^i khong piiu h^p voi trinh dp the lire cua mmh.
- Sai lam 2: Chua dudi hit chdn giqm Ichi gidm nhdy: nguyen nhan la chan giam nhay khi thuc hien bi vai qu^ nhieu vk trude (vi mu6n giam nhay dung van giam), din din chan giam bi trung goi va trgng tam co thi ha thap. Thii hai la do chan giam con yen nen khi giam nhay goi bi khuyu.
- Sai Idm 3: Chua thuc hien ddng tdc bmrc bp trin khdng: nguyen nhan do chan giam nhay khong duoi thang chan, trgng tam ha thap, va nguyen nhan quan trgng la nguoi tap qua chu trgng den dgng tac uon than.
- Sai Idm 4: Khdng thuc hien duoc dpng tk uon cdng thdn ngu&i: nguyen nhan la trong qui trinh giam nhay do chan giam bi trung goi (khong du6i thing), keo theo trgng tam cothe bi ha thap, quy dao bay ciia trgng tSm co the thap. Do vay ngucri tap khong thi nang diii chan lang cung nhu khong kjp ep miit diii chan lang kit hgp diy cang hong, luc nay nguai tap chico the nga dau ra sau.
- Sai lam 5: Khdng thu duoc hai chdn khi tiep ddt: Nguyen nhan la do goc do bay cua trong tSm CO the (quy dao bay thip), thu hai co the c4c nhom CO bung, limg ciia ngu&i tap con yeu, ^ vay khi thirc hien thu hai chan s^t bung detjn dung t6i da duang bay thi nguai tap khong thVC hien dugc.
BMITMVAHUAIVLIIYBVIIETHAO SO DAC BIET/2018 Nhu vEiy, bang phuong phap quan sat su pham
kit hgp voi thiit bi Simi Motion 3 D ^ lai chuyen dOng ciia 16 smh vien nam thu ba trong ky thi ket thuc hgc ph3n 6 {hpc phJtn chuyen mon h?p) dong thoi phong van cac chuyen gia, chiing toi da tim ra 5 sai lam thuang mic va nguyen nhan din den sai lam thuang mSc lam co so lira chgn, ling dung cac bai tap b6 trg nhim khic phyc cac sai lam do.
3. ThLPC trang ket qua hoc tap ky thudt nhSy xa ir&n than cOa sinh vien chuyen ngdnh Dien kinh Nganh HLTT
De lam ro han ve nhiing sai lam thudng mac khi hgc ky thuat nhay xa uon than doi voi sinh
tai tien hanh kiem tra 16 sinh vien nam thu ba chuyen nganh Dien kinh khoa 51 Nganh HLTT thi kit thuc hgc phan 6 (hgc phan chuyen mon hep). Ben canh do, de tai ung dung thiet bi Simi Motion 3D ghi lai hinh anh cua tiing sinh vien khi thuc hien toan bg ky thuat nhay xa uon than va phan tich cac chuyen dgng cua cac bp phan CO the khi thuc hien cac dpng tac. Thong qua bp tieu chi va tieu chuan diem ma bp mon Dien kinh, Cii ta da xay dung de danh gia ky nang thgc hanh cac mon Dien kinh theo thang diem 10, va diem quy doi he 4 va hS chir theo chuang trinh tich liiy tien chi. Ket qua kiem tra dugc trinh bay a bang 3.
vien chuyen nganh Dien kinh nganh HLTT, de
Bang 3. Kit qua kiem tra ky thuat nhay xa u'O'n than cho sinh vien chuyen nganh Dien kinh Nganh HLTT thcri dilm kit thuc hoc phan 6 (n=16)
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
\ ^ Di€m Giabs,^
doan N,^
ky thuat \ ^ ^ Giai doan chay da Giai doan giam nhay Giai doan giam nhay ket hop buoc bp Giai dpan bay tren khpng Giai dpan tiep dit Thuc hien toan bp ky thuat
H6 10 H? chir He 4
KT TH KT TH KT TH KT TH KT TH KT TH
9.0-10.0 A+
4.0 3 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 1 1
8.5- 8.9 A 3.7 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 2 2
8.0-8.4 B+
3.5 5 5 5 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4
7.0-7.9 B 3.0
5 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 4
6.5-6.9 C+
2.5 0 1 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 4 4
5.5-6.4 C 2.0
0 1 0 0
5.0-5.4 D-i- 1.5 0 0 0 0
0 0
4.0-4.9 D 1.0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
<4 F 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ket qua 6 bang 3 cho thay cac sai lam ciia cac em sinh vien nam thii ba chuyen nganh Dien kinh khoa 51 Nganh HLTT giai doan thi kit thiic hpc phan 6 (hpc phan chuyen mon hep), ciing the hien qua diem ky thuat va thuc hanh 6 diem A+, A va B+ la khong nhieu van co di^m D+.
Dieu nay cung de hieu, boi day la npi dung c6 nhieu giai doan ky thuat phiic tap ket hgp voi nhau, thai gian hpc it, gio hpc ly thuyet chi hau het la giai thieu cac giai doan ky thuat ma chua phan tich sau cac goc dp cua chan, tay than
Ghi chu: KT: Diem ky thuat - TIH: Diem thi/c hanh nguai khi thuc hien dpng tac. Viec sir dung cac bai tap bo trg lai chua dugc quan tam nhieu dan den la da so sinh vien chua nam viing ve nguyen ly ky thuat, phoi hgp dgng tac chua thuan thuc.
Do vay, viec lua chgn va ung dung cac bai tap bo trg khae phuc nhung sai lam, ciing nhu ket hgp voi ung dung he thong thiet bi Simi Mo- tion 3D trong phan tich chuyen dgng cua cac dgng tac, cac goc do ciia cac bg phan ca the se giup sinh vien hinh thanh diing bieu tugng, hiiu diing ve dpng tac, nam ro phuong huang chuyen
BAI BAO KHOA HOC
ThLFC hien ky thu3t dung se giup nang cao dang k l thanh tich nhay xa cua VDV
dpng ciia cac bp phan ca the trong qua trinh tap luyen la dieu vo ciing can thiet se nang cao hieu qua trong hpc tap.
KETLUAN
Qua danh gia thuc trang npi dung chuang trinh giang day ky thuat nhay xa uon than chp sinh vien chuyen nganh Diin kinh, Nganh HLTT, Truong Dai hpc TDTT Bac Ninh chp thay: Cac npi dung giang day da tuang d6i phu hop, tuy nhien, so luong sinh vien thue hien t6t ky thuat nhay xa uon than con han ch6 do thofi gian giang day ngan.
Qua phuang phap kiim tra su pham, kit hop voi sir dung thiit bi Simi Motion 3D va phong van cac chuyen gia, chiing toi da xae dinh dupe 5 sai lam thucmg mac va cac nguyen nhSn khi sinh vien hpc ky thuat nhay xa uon than. Mat khae, khi tiin hanh danh gia kit qua hpc tap thi cho thay, diem xip loai xuSt s5c va gioi it, vSn con kha va himg binh, miic dp hoan thien cac giai doan ky thuat con han chi.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Nguyen Dai Duong va cpng sir (2017), Gido trinh Bien kinh, Nxb TDTT, Ha Npi.
2. Dam Trung Kien (2010), "Xay dung bai giang ky thuat day ta lung huong nem hen cong
nghe video 3D", Be tdi khoa hoc vd cdng nghe cdp ca sa, Truang Dai hpc TDTT Bac Ninh.
3. Dinh Quang Ngpc (2015), "Nghien cihi ling dung phan mem Simi Mptipn 3D trong phan tich ky thuat thi thao (din chiing trong mon Bpng rp)". Be tdi khoa hoc vd cdng ngh^
cdp ca sa, Trudng Dai hoc TDTT Bac Ninh.
4. Vu Quynh Nhu (2017), "Ifng dirng he thong Simi motion 3D trong giang day ky thii|t nhay cao lung qua xa eho smh vien trucmg Dai hoc TDTT B5c Nmh", Be tdi khoa hoc va cmg nghe cdp ca sa, Trucmg Dai hpe TDTT Bac Ninh.
5. Nguyin Dinh Minh Quy, Bui Quang Hai (2013), Gido trinh Sinh ca hoc TBTT, Nxb TDTT Ha Npi.
(Bai nop ngay 12/11/2018, Phan bi^n ngiy 21/11/2018, duyet in ngay 28/11/2018)
