Tgp chl Khoa hoc - Con? nghe Thuy san
KET QUA NGHIEN COU DAO TAO SAU DAI HOC
GIAI PHAP NANG CAO HIEU QUA CONG TAC KIEM TRA KIEM SCAT TAU CA VUNG XA BOf VINH BAC BO
SOLUTIONS FOR IMPROVING EFFICIENCY FOR CONTROLLING AND SUPERVISING THE OFFSHORE FISHING VESSELS IN GULF OF TONKIN
Vo Khoi Thanh', Hodng Hoa Hong^
Ngay nhin bai. 28/10/2013; Ngiy phin bifn thflng qua. 12/12/2013, Ngiy duyet dang 02/6/2014 TOM TAT
Hi4n tu^gvi phgm phdp ludt trong khai thdc thdy sdn. dnh hudng den cong tdc bdo ve ngudn lpi thuy sdn vd moi trudng Id ket qud cua mpt qud trinh tdc dong long hpp gom nhiiu yeu id: con ngudi, phuang ti$n. nghe nghiep, mda vu, thai tiet... Mot quan h4 tuang tdc ndy bao gom nhieu yeu to lien quan vai nhau chu khong dOn thudn do mot hodc hai yeu to ndo do quyel dinh.
Vdi nhiing uu vi^t cUa phuang phdp phdn tich 16-gic thong tin, tdc gid dp dtfng phmmg phdp ndy nghien cuu cdcySu to dnh hudng den muc dp vi pham cdc qui djnh bdo ve ngudn lai thdy sdn viing khai vinh Bdc Bp. Kel qud nghien cdu cho thdy: Ngu ddn cd trinh dp vdn hoa cdng thdp ihi muc dp ldi vipham hdnh chinh md ho gdy ra cdng co xu hudng ndng han, Thai del cdng khong thudn lai thi khd ndng xdy ra cdc vu vi pham hdnh chinh co mirc dp cdng ndng, nhdt Id cdc tdu cd CO cong sudt lan tren 200 CV, Muc dp hdnh vi vipham cdc quy dfnh bdo vf nguon lai thuy sdn vd mdi truang d vung bien xabdphia Nam vinh Bac bp chd yeu Id a muc dp nh? vd ihudng rai vdo loai tdu cd cong sudt mdy chinh nho han 90 CV.
Tu kit qua nghien cuu tren. cdc nhd qudn ly nghe cd cd the tham khdo de dua ra nhimg bien phdp luyen truyen gido due cSng nhu td chuc cdc chuyen kiem tra, kiim sodt hoat dpng nghe cd tren vinh Bdc Bo hieu gud han.
Tir khoa: kiem tra kiem sodt, ldu cd, vinh Bdc Bd ABSTRACT
The violations of the law on fishing exploitation will affect the protection for fishery resources and environment They are the result of impact accumulated from many elements: human, vessel, fishing methods, season, weather.. This interactive relation includes many related elements It isn 't decided by one or two elements
The information - logical analysis is applied for researching elements, those impact on the level of violations of regulations on the Protection of fisheries resources in off-shore of Gulf of Tonkin The research result is that' If the education level of fisherman is lower, their breaches will be higher; If the weather is bad, breaches will be more, especially vessels have engine power more than 200 CV; Almost level of breaches of the Protection of Fishery resources and environment in the south of Gulf of Tonkin is light level and these often are breaches of fishing vessels with engine power less than 90 CK
Based on the result of research, the fishery administrators can refer in order lo bring out the methods for propaganda, education and to arrange the trips for controlling and supervising fishery activities in Gulf of Tonkin more effective.
Keywords: controling and supervising, fishing vessel, Gulk of Tonkin
I.DAT V A N D £ TCF tn/dc 1996, hoat dfing khai thac t i p trung Vjnh Bac Bfi nim d phia T i y b i c cCia Biln Dfing, chCi y l u d vCing nudc ven bd, nen siJc ep khai thic ti>vTtuyln17°06'N din 21''55'N,kinh tuyin 105°36'E d vCing nudc n i y r i t Idn. Nang lyc khai thic ven dkn 109"55'E vdi dign tich khoang 123.700 km^, la bd nhu so lugng t i u thuyin, ting s i n lugng khai ngu tardng khai thac thuy san Idn eua ngu dan cac thic vCing ven bd deu vuot q u i gidi han cho phfip.
tinh ven bien miln Bic v i miln Tmng nudc ta. Dilu nay d i n den nguon Igi hai s i n ven bd dang bi
' Vo Kti6i Thanh' Cao hpc Khai thac thCiy san 2009 Hii Phbng - Tm^ng Ogi hpc Nha Trang ' TS. Hodng Hoa H&ng: Tnrong Oat hpc Nha Trang
TRl/CfNG OAI HOC NHA TRANG • 161
Tap chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thuy sdn So 2/2014 khai thic qui mue v i bj giim sCit nghiem trong. Dien
bien ning suat khai thac thuy san d vjnh Bie Bfi t h l hifin nhu sau: nang suit khai thie binh quin qua cac nim ngay cing giam sut (tu 0,76 tIn/CV nam 1991 con 0,3 tan/CV nam 2007), mgc du tong cong suat may tau tang 6,5 lln nhung tong sin iugng chi tang 2,3 lan {theo "Ke hogch hinh dfing QuIc gia v l Cap giay phep khai thic" cua Cyc Khai thac v i "Bin qui hogch khai thac vung khai tuyen d i o 1995 - 2010" cua Vi^n Kmh te va Qui hogch thuy sin").
Tu nim 1996 d i n nay, nghi ca nudc ta phat trien theo xu hudng vuan ra xa bd. So lugng t i u khai thac thuCiy sin d vijng khai vjnh Bac Bfi tang Ifin rat nhanh, nhat i i tiF nam 1998 khi ehCi tn/ang eua Nhi nudc ho trg ngu dan vay von dong tau khai thac xa bd dugc tnln khai. Tinh den nim 2009, so tau tham gia khai thic o' vung khai vmh Bic Bfi la trfin 5400 chiec tau ca Viet Nam va 740 chile t i u e i Tnjng Quoc da dugc Cyc Khai thic v i Bao ve nguon igi thuy sin clp giay phep v i o danh bat d viing danh ca chung theo Hiep djnh hgp t i c nghe e i giua Viet Nam v i Trung Quoc {S6 lifiu bao cio cua Cyc Khai thac v i Bio vfi nguon Igi thuy san).
Cudng lire khai thac d vimg khai gia tang din den san lugng c i khai thic d vung biln niy cung ting nhanh chong Theo kit qui dieu tra eho thiy, trong giai doan 1997 - 2000, sin iugng khai thic viing ven bd chilm 82,1% tong sin iugng hii san khai thic duac Nhung den nay (2011), san lugng khai thac viing ven bd chi con chiem 56% tong san lugng (Bao cao cua Cyc Khai thac va Bao vfi nguon lai thuy san).
Nhu vay ty trong san lugng khai thac viing khai so vdi tong san lugng tang Ifin dang ke. Do dfi neu chiing ta khfing quan tim den vific quan iy nguon lai thuy san vung khai ngay ttf bay gid thi van dfi suy giam nguon igi d viing bien nay cung kho trinh khoi.
Mat khac, trong giai doan hifin nay, luc iugng, phuang tien va kmh phi de kiem tra, kilm soat viec thuc hifin cac quy djnh bao vfi nguon Igi thCiy sin con rat thieu v i yeu. De co the quan ly nguon igi hgp ly v i hieu qui, can danh gii hien trang vi pham phip le^nh bao ve nguon lgi, de xult cac giii phap han ehe vi pham doi vdi nghe c i , nfing cao hifiu q u i cfing tac kiem tra, kilm soit l i cin thiet trong giai doan hifin nay.
Khi nghien cuu ve cfing tie bio vfi ngufin igi v i moi trudng song cua cac ioai thiiy san, tie gia c i n cd vao cic hifin tugng vi phgm phap lufit, vi pham cac quy dinh cua Nha nuac frong ITnh vuc khai thic nguon igi thuy san. So lugng cic vy vi pham, tinh chat cua cic vu vi pham se lim ea sd dinh gia cic ehi tifiu lien quan den hieu qua cua cong tac bao ve
nguin Igi thOy sin. Do vay, so luang, tinh chit cac vy vi phgm l i chl tieu quan trgng, phin anh su pha hogi ngu6n lgi, pha hogi mfii trudng song ciia cac loii thuy sin.
II. PHU'aNG P H A P N G H I D N CO'U - S6 lifiu thip clp: dugc tong hgp tu cic tot khio s i t nghien CLFU cie hifin tugng vi phgm phap lu^t thdy s i n v i c i c quy djnh ciia Nhi nudc trong ITnh vgc khai thic v i bio vfi nguin Igi thuy san 6 t i t ca c i c thing trong nam 2009 - 2010. Cic vg vi phgm quy djnh cua Nhi nudc trong ITnh vgc khai thic v i b i o vfi nguon lgi thCiy sin dugc cic cin bg thanh tra chuyfin nginh ciia Chi cgc Khai thac va Bio vfi nguon igi thuy s i n vjnh Bic Bg lgp bifin ban vi phgm hinh chinh ngay tgi vj trf vi pham.
- S6 lieu sa cap: dugc thu thip tif cac chuyin tuan tra giim s i t hogt dgng nghe c i vOng khai ciia c i e tau Kiem ngu thufic Chi cyc vjnh Bic Bfi. Cac chuyen kilm tra dugc thuc hifin deu dgn mSi thing 1 0 - 1 2 ngiy v i trii khap viing bien khai v|nh Bac Bg. Cie thfing s6 dilu tra khio s i t cua cic ylu to nghifin cieu tuang doi day du v i dong bg, nam trong phgm vi gidi hgn vung bien nghifin cdu d l dua vao tfnh toan phan tich theo cic yfiu c l u tifiu chi de ra 06 rat nhieu yeu to inh hudng, lien quan den so luang cic vy vi phgm phip lugt trong linh vi/c khai thac thuy s i n trfin bien nhu: y l u tfi v l do tu6i, trinh dfi van hfia, khi ning kinh te; Cic yeu to lien quan d i n die dilm nghi khai thac, cfing suit may t i u ; Cie y l u to v l thdi gian trong nim, v l dieu Iden thdi tiet, cap sfing gifi...
Hifin tugng vi phgm phip lugt trong khai thic thuy s i n , i n h hudng den cong t i e bao vfi nguon Igi thuy sin la k i t qua ciia mgt q u i trinh tac dpng tong hgp gom nhieu yeu to: con ngudi, phucmg tifin, nghe nghifip, mOa vy, thdi tilt... Mli quan he tuang t i c niy bao gom nhilu y l u to lien quan vdi nhau chu- khfing dan thuan hoin toin do mpt hoac hai y l u td n i o dfi quylt djnh. D l nghien ciru mfit hifin tugng phiFC tgp da yeu to, chiing toi si>
dung phuang phip phfin tich 15-gie thfing tin (ILA), ma nen tang eua nd dga v i o ly thuylt thong tin vi khii nigm "S6 do do khfing x i e djnh" hay cfin gpi i^
"entropi" cua hfi thong. Cic s l lieu phyc vg nghiffli cdu phan tich dugc thu thip tu cac mau dilu tra, kiem tra, bien b i n vi phgm cCia cic t i u thuyin danh c i tren vjnh Bic Bfi trong vong 12 thing.
Sau khi ma hoa thong tin, tien hinh thinh i|p eic ma trgn thong tin d l xic (^nh c i e chl so thfing tin theo cic cong thde sau cCia Kastier (Cfing thifC 1;2;3;4;5):
162 • TRL/ONG DAI HOC NHA TRANG
Tm^hjKhoahQc - Cong nghe Thdy sdn
S6 2/2014H(v) H(iO H(v. X,) I(v,x.) K(x,) Trong dfi:
H{v) : H(x,) : H(v.x,)- l(v,x,) : Kx, :
^ ^Y. P logj P. [1]
= ^ £ £ -^. i°g2 ^ [3]
H(v,x,) [4]
[5]
= H(v) + H(x,) H(v)
Entrfipi cua hifin tugng V;
Entrfipi cua yeu to X,;
Entropi hfin hgp ciia hifin tugng V va y l u t l X,;
So lugng thfing tin taiyen tip yeu to X, d i n hien tugng V;
He so lifin hfi hay hfi s l tmyen thong tin;
X i c xuat tim thay hifin tugng V d Idp y l u t l ] ;
X i c xuit tim thay yeu to X, d Idp thir i;
Xac xult chung tim thay hien tugng V d Idp j va yeu to X, d Idp i.
B i n g 1. Phan Idp
Cic chi so thfing tin v i tfnh qui lugt t i c dfing cua cie yeu to den hifin tuang nghifin cuu la ca sd khoa hgc cho vific xem xfit v l n de nghien euu.
III. K^T QUA NGHIEN CLTU
Cac hifin tugng vi phgm c i e quy djnh cGa Nha nudc trang khai thic va b i o vfi nguin Igi thuy s i n f i t da dgng, phong phu: Vi phgm v l phan vilng phin tuyen khai thic; Vi phgm ve kieh Uiudc ngu cg; Sir dyng cfing cy cam de dinh bit, Khai thic trong viing b i o ton, viing cam; Vi phgm ve an toin hang h i i , Vi pham v l quy djnh hanh chinh, w . . . Do do, vific dinh g i i t i c hgi eua eie vi phgm do dol vdi cong t i c b i o vfi nguon lgi. Ifii nio, tnfdng hgp n i o thi ngng han l i rat khd x i c dinh. Tuy nhifin, tat c i e i c loi vi phgm trong mpi tnjdng hgp deu dugc qui ra bang sfi tifin phat da cd quy djnh cy the trong nghj ^ n h 128/2005/ND-CP (nay l i Nghj djnh so 31/2010/ND-CP ngiy 29/3/2010 cua Chinh phu). Vi vfiy. ehung toi can cd vao so tien phgt cho hinh vi vi phgm de phan Idp hien tugng nghifin cuu. Thgc tfi, khung tien phgt cho hinh vi vi pham theo so lifiu thu thip duge thudng x i y ra d mue tip SOO.OOOd den tren 7 000,OOOd nfin chimg tfii phan idp hifin tuang nghien cdu nhu bing 1.
hifin tipgng nghien cii-u £,^. ^Q^O ^^^
Danh muc
Mirc do phat vi phgm S l m i u eiJa hien tugng
Tong cgng
La-p hl§n ttrg-ng V{A) MIPC 1 (A,)
<1200 80
MiFC 2 (A,) 1 Mvc 3 (AJ 1200 - 5000 > 5000
77 1 46 203
Cac y l u t l i n h hudng dfin hifin tugng vi pham phip luit trong khai thic thuy san (KITS) xa bd viing bien vjnh B i e Bg k h i da dgng, tuy nhifin, trong dfi co 6 yeu to lien quan tiyc tiep den hanh vi vi phgm phip lugt thuy s i n d§ ding n i m b i t va c i p nhgt.
Dd l i cac y l u to: Vj tri xay ra vi phgm (X,), Thdi gian xay ra vi phgm (X^), Thdi tilt lue vi pham(X3), Trinh dfi van hoa ciia chu tau hogc thuyen trudng (X^), Cong suit t i u ca vi pham (X^), Nhdm nghe khai thac thuy s i n eua tau vi phgm (X^).
Bang 2. Phan )6p cac yeu t6 lifin quan den vi pham phap luat trong KTTS Yeu to
X, M t r i ) (Thdi gian) XjCThdi bit)
X, (Trinh do van hoa)
X^
(Cong suit m i y tau) (Nhdm nghe)
D»„.|
Viae S6 m i u Thang trong n i m
So m i u C^p song
So mau Lop So mau
CV So m i u
Chile So mau
L6p yeu to La>p1(B1)
< 19"30' 39 1,4 46
< 3 63
< 3 80
< 90 79 LUOI keo
62
LOp 2 (B2) 19»30'-20''00'
43 5.8 77 3 < S < 5
95 3 < L < 6
63 90 < CS < 200
72 Vay - chup
67
L<>p 3 (B3)
>20°00' 121 9,12 80
> 5 45
> 6 60
>200 52 Re - CSu
74
TRUONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG • 163
Tap chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thdy sdn So 2/2014 Su dgng phuang phap phan tich Ifi-gic thdng
tin (ILA) de xic dinh eic chi s6 thdng tin tif cic du lifiu thu thgp qua cac philu dilu tra, phfing v l n 203 thuyin trudng (hoac chu tau) v i eic bifin bin vi phgm hinh chinh trong ITnh vge khai thic thuy s i n
do Chi cue Khai thic v i Bao ve nguin Igi thOy san vinh Bac Bfi lfip.
Kit q u i tfnh toin c i c chl s l thdng tin thl hi§n muc dg anh huang cOa cic y l u to d i n vific vi pham (theo dg idn cCia I v i K) trong bang 3.
Bang 3. Chi so thong tin cua cac yeu to lien quan den vi pham p h i p lu|t trong khai t h i c thtiy sin TT
1 2 3 4 5 6
Ygu t6 x t X, (Vl tri vi phgm) X, (Thoi gian vi pham)
X, (Thoi tiet) Xj (Trinh do van hoa) X, (Cong sujit may tau)
X, (Nhom nghi)
H(v) 1,545 1,545 1,545 1,545 1,545 1,545
H(x) 1,376 1,545 1,519 1,583 1,564 1,581
H(«,«) 2,764 3,031 2,796 2,917 2,948 3,018
i|v,x) 0,157 0,059 0,268 0,212 0,161 0,108
K(xl 0,102 0,038 0,173 0,137 0,104 0,070 H(v)- Entropi cda tii^n lirpng nghiSn cim V, H(xy Entropi cua y4u t6 X^ H(v,x): Entropi hSn hpp cOa hi§n tu^mg V vi y4u l6 X; l(v,x) Si luvng thdng tin tnjyin ICt yiu t6 X, 64n tii^n tupng V. Klx): H4 so /Mn h^ hay h^ so Iniyin thdng bn
Trong cic y l u t6 xem xet thi y l u to thdi tilt (X3) cd t i e dgng manh nhat, edn thdi gian vi phgm (X^) v i nhran nghe (X^) eo t i c dgng inh hudng nhd, khong inh hudng ding k l d i n vific danh gia.
K i t qua vific xac djnh moi lifin he mang tinh qui lugt giua c i c y l u to X,, X^. X^, X^ v i hien tugng nghifin ciju V(A) t h l hifin trong bing 4 v i 5.
Bang 4. Moi lifin hfi giOa X^ vdi v i f c vi phgm p h i p luat trong khai thac thuy s i n Ld>p y l u to X,
B1 B2 B3
Lop hien tiFe^g Al
(+)
A2
+
A3
+ +
*.>S,) 0,813 - 0,035
0,014 Tir kit qua xac djnh kfinh lifin hfi tren cho thay: cang ve phia Nam vmh Bac Bfi thi mirc dfi l6i vi phgm cac quy djnh ciia Nha nudc trong khai thie va b i o vfi nguin Igi thuy s i n vimg khai cd khuynh hudng chi3 yeu la cic loi nhe.
Bang 5. Moi lien he giira X^ vdi viec vl pham p h i p lu|t trong khai t h i c thuy san Lop yeu to X,
Bl 82 83
Ldp hi^n t i r ^ g A l
(+) +
A2 A3
+
(*)
J(v,i",) 0,733 0114 0.638 K i t qui kenh lien hfi trfin cho thay: d dilu kifin song gid binh thudng. thufin Igi eho hogt dgng dinh bitftifly sin thi muc dfi loi vi pham ciia cac tau c i khong idn, thudng i i chi d mdc dg nhe. & dilu kifin song gi6 to thl muc do loi vi phgm cua cae tau khai thic co xu hudng tang Ifin.
Bang 6. Moi lien he giii-a X^ vdi vific vi pham p h i p lugt trong khai t h i c thdy s i n Lop yeu t6 X.
B1 82 B3
L ^ hien t v ^ n g A l
+ (+)
A2 + +
A3 (+)
JivjiJ 0,053 -0,010 0,562 K i t qua nghien cuu cho thay Cf Idp trinh dfi van hda thip. Xir tnfdng hgp khong biet chip d i n Idp 3 tieu hpc ca sd, thi mu-c dg loi vi phgm phip lugt rit Idn, gay nhilu nguy hgi den cfing tac bao vfi nguon Igi v i mfii tnrdng.
Nhung d l i vdi Idp yeu to co trinh dfi van hoa trung hpc ca sd (ldp 6) trd Ifin thi hifin tugng vi phgm quy djnh cua phip lugt chi d muc dfi thip v i trung binh, rit it trudng hgp vl phgm mue dg ning (phgt trfin 5 trifiu dong).
164 • TRUONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG
Tap chi Khoa hoc - Con^ nghe Thiiy s
B i n g 7. Moi lien he giira X L*p yAu t i Xj
81 B2 B3
vol v j | c vi pham p h i p lu$t trong khai thac thuy s i n L ^ hl^n t i r ^ g
A1 (+)
A2
+ +
A3
+ (+)
J(v,>.>
0,372 - 0,014
0,081 B i n g 8. Bd ma m6 hinh trang thai vl phgm p h i p luat trong khai t h i c thiiy s i n Litp y l u to
X,.,
x„, x,„
x,„
x„,
X „ j X,,, X,„
x,„
^ 4 6 2 X „ j X „ j
L^p h i f n t i r o n g fx toooai A l
(<1200) (+) (+) (+) (+)
T
+
A2 (1200-5000)
+
+ + +
+
A3 {>5000)
(+)
+
(*)
(+) + + + +
J(v,x,l
0,813 0,733 0,638 0,562 0.372 0.114 0,081 0.053 0,014 -0.010 -0.014 -0.035 Kit q u i nghien ciru cho thay: t i u c i cd cdng
suat cing nho thi mdc dfi loi trong cac vg vi phgm cung nhd; Cie t i u e i cd eong suat Idn han thi Ifii vi pham djng cd xu t h l ning han. gay nhilu t i c dgng xiu han dot vdi nguon Igi cung nhu moi trudng sdng cOa cic loii thOy s i n .
Kit qua phan tich danh gia so lifiu Uidng kfi v i linh toin cic dy] so thong fan theo cac kenh lifin hfi ciia phuang phap phan tich thflng tin cho phep thilt lap bfi ma mo hinh trgng thii nghien cdu (bang 8), budc dau dugc su dung de de ra c i c bifin phap ngin ngua cic hanh vi vi pham trong quan 1^ khai thac v i bao vfi nguin Igi thiiy s i n d vjnh Bic Bfi.
IV. K^T LUAN
Dinh g i i hien trgng mirc dg vi phgm phip lenh bio v§ nguon Igi thiiy s i n , vgeh ro nguyen nhan cung nhu tinh qui luit eua cic hanh vi vi phgm phap luit l i vific lim can thilt, l i ca sd khoa hoc de d l xult c i e bien phip to chirc, quin ly khai thae v i b i o vfi nguon Igi thOy san hifiu qua. M5t so kit qui budc d i u cua nghien cdu n i y cho phfip ket lufin mgt so diem sau:
- Muc dfi hinh vi vi phgm cic quy djnh b i o ve nguin Igi thOy san d vimg bien xa bd phia Nam
vjnh Bac Bfi chu y l u la d mdc dg nh? va thudng rai v i o logi t i u cd cdng suit miy chinh nhfi han 90 CV. Nguyen nhan ed the do do sau d i y d viing biln nay rat Idn, cac tau ca ehii yeu lam nghe cau, nghe ludi rfi v i mdc phgt i p dgng cho logi tau niy (nhd ban 90 CV) thap.
- Muc dfi loi vi phgm nhe cung thudng x i y ra v i o thdi dilm thdi tilt bien rat em (sdng gio cap 3 trd xuong).
- Thdi tiet eang khong thuan lai thi kha ning xiy ra cac vg vi phgm hanh chlnh co mue dg ioi cing Idn, nhat la c i c tau c i cd cong suat Idn tren 200 CV.
Ba ket lufin tren cho thiy yeu t6 tfidi tilt anh hudng mgnh den mdc dfi III vl phgm cua ngudi d i n . Khi thdi tiet thufin igi cho hogt dfing khai thic thOy s i n , sin lugng danh bat tang len, dam bfio can doi dugc cic ehi phi bo ra, hg se yen t i m han va d l cfi di^u kifin tuin thCi c i e quy dinh cCia Nhi nudc.
Cdn khi cd sdng gid Idn. t i u nhd, sue chju dung sfing gio kfim, khdng dam b i o an toin, khfing the ra khai thic d xa bd theo quy djnh. Mat khie, moi c h i p h r n g i y t i u n h u : d a , nudc, luang nhan edng...
v i n phil chl t r i nfin hg tim eieh cho t i u dinh bit d vCing gan bd han, d ven c i c dio, thgm chi khai thic
TRUONG £5AI HOC NHA TRANG • 165
Tap chi Khoa hoc - Cong nghe Thdy sdn So 2/2014 ea d viing cam, khu bao ton. Theo quy djnh cua Nghj
dinh 31/2010/ND-CP ngiy 29/3/2010 ciia Chinh phii thi muc phat hanh vi vi pham ciia logi t i u niy idn.
- NhO'ng ngu dan cd trinh dfi van hda eing thip thi muc dfi vi phgm hinh ehinh m i hp giy ra cing CO xu hudng ngng ban. Dilu niy ed t h l ly giii do trinh do van hoa thip nfin kha ning nhgn thue phip luat sfi kfim, khfing hieu ro hinh vi vi phgm cua minh CO the gay tac hgi Idn din viec bio vfi nguon iai thuy san. Ngoai ra, trinh dp vin hoa thap cung g i y khd khin cho viec falp thu giao due, tuyfin tnjyen d ITnh vuc niy.
- (3 vimg bien xa bd phia Bie vjnh Bac Bfi, muc dp vi pham cd xu hudng ngng han cae viing khic cOa vjnh Nhung ngay ed sdng gifi to thi hifin tugng vi pham nay cang the hien ro. Vi sao ed hifin tugng niy thi can phii cd cac nghifin cdu, tim hieu bo sung Tuy nhien, eo the sa bfi nhin thay. d i y l i VLing biln co hang nghin dao tap trung, l i nai eic tiu VI phgm cd t h l igi dung an nap trinh sg kiem tra, kilm seat eiia ea quan chuc ning.
- Tinh trgng vi phgm cae quy djnh cua Nha nudc ve khai thac thiiy sin vdi mdc dfi ning thudng
tgp hung d logi tau c i xa bd cd cfing suit tir 90 CV fa-d len, the hifin ro nhit la c i e t i u ed eong suit trSn 200 CV.
Trong giai dogn hifin nay, cfing t i e kilm tra, kilm soit cic hogt dfing thuy d vimg biln xa t>o vjnh Bie Bg ggp r i t nhieu khd khan. Luc iugng chuyfin trich cho nhifim vg nay rit yeu va mong (chl cd 02 t i u kilm ngu eOa Chi cgc Bao v§ nguin l^i thuy s i n vjnh Bic Bp), ngudn kinh phi ban chl n6n vific lfip k l hogch kilm \ia, kiem soat tiu c i Iren vung bien niy d tirng thdi diem trong nam sao cho hifiu q u i l i rit c i n thilt.
Vdi ket q u i nghifin cuu thu dugc tren, cic co quan quin 1]^ nghi e i ed t h l tham khao d l dua ra nhtrng bifin phip tuyfin Iruyen, giao dgc, eanh bio.
nhit l i trong vific t l chuc cic chuyin kiem tra, k i ^ soit hogt dpng nghe e i tren vmh Bac Bfi cfi trgng dilm, di kilm tra khi nio va d dau d l dgt hifiu quS tot han. Nhij'ng thai diem thdi fait khong thugn icri cfi the to chue kilm tra, kiem soat d vung biln phia Bic Vjnh va tap taing v i o logi t i u cfi c»ng suit ion.
Thdi diem m i thdi tilt tot han, ed the to chirc kilm tra, kilm soat d viing giua va phia Nam vjnh v.v...
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1, Bp Thiiy san, 1995. Ban quy hoach khai tiiac viing khai tuygn dao 1995-2010.
2 BQ Nong nghiep va PhSt tnen nong thon, 2008 Cac van ban phap quy ve quan ly tau cS,
3 Bp Thuy san, 2000. Hiep dinh phan dinh va Hi6p dinh hop tac nghe ck trong vinh BSc Bp giua ViSt Nam vfl Tning Quoc.
4. Chinh phu, 2010 Nglii dmh 31/2010/ND-CP ngay 29/3/2010 ciia Chinh phu quy dinh \k Xuphat vi ph^m hanh chinh trong linh vyc thiiy san.
5. C\ic Khai thac va Bao v? ngu6n lgi thuy san, 2010. Kl hoach hanh dpng Qu6c gm ve cip giiy phep khai thac thuy san, 6 Hoang Hoa Hong, 2008 Phucmg phap phan tich logic thong tin trong nghien cftu khoa hpc. Truong Dai hpc Nha Trang.
166 • TRUONG OAI HOC NHA TRANG