Thd cung td tien cua ngU5i Viet Cong giao tai mot sd giao xu'
v u THI THANH TAM*
1. M d d S u
Cdng gido du nhdp vao Vigt Nam td the
^ XVI. Cho d^n nay, Cong giao .Tigt Nam da thanh lap ddgc 3 T i n g gido phdn: Ha N5i, Hue, Sai Gdn va 23 giao phan vdi so' gido dan tren 6 trieu ngUdi. Mgt trong nhQng d i l m khdc Met gida Cdng gido va cac tin i r u d n g b a n dia, n h a t la thd cung to tien dd Id tinh dgc than, cM thd mdt TMgn Chua. Do vay, td kM mdi dat chdn dg'n Viet Nam, Cong giao da coi thd cung t l tien la "dao roi" va cam cdc tin do cua minh thUt h a n h ngM l l nay. SU khdc biet nay Id mgt trong nhdng nguydn nhdn lam ndy sinh mdu thudn gida nhQng ngUdi theo tin ngUdng truyln t h i n g vd tin d l Cong giao va trong chinh ban than cac tin do, bod ngudi Viet du cd dao hay khdng deu ludn quan mem "song v l mo v l ma ai sd'ng vi ea bat ctfm" hay "nha ed ngUdi d, to cd ngddi thd"... NgM l l thd cung to tign dugc coi la cugc h a n h trinh h6i nhap day gian t n ^ n , chiu tdc dgng cua cugc tranh luan ve
"ngM le Trung Hoa". Theo dd, trong suot 3
the ky, hau nhU gido ddn khdng dugc thUe Men ede h a n h vi mang tinh thd cung to tien nhu ldp ban thd, bdi lay, dang cung,...
NhUhg Men nay, quan diem cua Gido hdi da cd nhOiig thay doi vd viec thd cdng t l tign cua ngUdi Cdng giao Viet Nam ndi chung va d cac giao xd noi rieng da cd nMeu bie'n doi. Mdt mat the Men sU giao lUu, tie'p bien, hgi nhdp vdi the gidi, mat khac lai cd xu hUdng ket tdp van hda truyen thong Viet Nam tao nen mgt dang thdc mdi.
2. Nhi&ig t a c dOng c h i n h tdfi thcf c u n g t o t i § n c u a ngrfcri Vipt C o n g g i a o Vi$t N a m
Thd cung to tien cua Cong gido Viet Nam chiu dnh hudng cua hai tac dgng cMnh: nhOng thay doi ve quan Mem, each thdc thuc h a n h cua Giao hgi Cong giao vd tdc dgng eua xa hgi dUcmg dai.
- Nhdng thay doi trong Gido hgi Cdng gido dd'i vdi van de thd cung to tien: SU phg chuan Huan thi Plane compertum est cua
• NCS. Vu Thi Thanh Tdm, Bao t^ng Dan toc hoc Vigt Nam
80 Nghien ctiu Bdng Nam A, sg6l2016_
Gido Hofag PIS XII ndm 1939 Id bflftc ngoat diu tien ddnh ditu stt ch^p n h f a mgt phfa "nghi l l Trung Haa" c i a Gida hdi Cdng gido, xda di stt cdng t h f a g trong nhilu t h l ky. Ndm 1964, Viet Nam chlnh thttc dttge Tda thdnh cho phdp thttc hifa Hufa thi ndy. Cdng dfag thtt 21 c i a Gido hdi Cong gido hgp tai Vatican, ggi Id Cdng dong Vaticm II (1962-1965) tao nSn bfldc ngoat I t o vi n h t o g cdi each e t a b f a vfti 2 dilm thdng nh^t Id Canh t f a vd Nhdp the.
Giao hdi Cdng giao Viet Nam da t i l p thu nhfag sfl thay dli dft vd di*i r a nhung quan diem e t a b f a b f a g Thfl chung muc vu nam 1980, vfti dtttog httftng dfldc xdc dinh la
"Sing phflc dm gitta ldng d t a tdc". Thfl chung muc vu 1980 md r a nhilu haat ddng cia Cdng gida Viet Nam thfti ky mfti, trang dd cd tinh d i n yeu tfi' v f a hfta d f a tdc.
- Tde dgng e i a xa hdi dflang dai: xa hdi hidn nay chiu tdc ddng manh me c i a toan cfa hoa vd kinh te thi trtttog. Trong n l n kinh t l thi trtttog, bien doi cdc quan he vd dinh httfag gid tri bat nguon ttt n h t o g b i l n dli kinh te trong xa hdi, lgi nhuan dttdc de cao, k i l m t i l n va ldm giau cd sttc loi cudn, tinh cd n h t o dttge k h f a g dinh n h t o g cung phat trien thai qua c h i nghia cd n h t o vu ldi, vi ky nen dfti sdng c i a cdc ca n h f a , gia dinh cd khdng it sfl b i l n dfag vd ddo lgn. Dieu dd tdc d t o g tidu cfle tdi sfl trfltog thdnh n h t o cdch, sfl binh ySn vd hanh phflc cuSc sd'ng cua con ngflfti. Cung vfti kinh t l thi trttftng Id xd h l i cong nghiSp, 18'i sing cang nghiSp, tdc dgng vdo t t o g ca n h f a , t f a g gia dinh, tnih h i f a dai
do bSn ngodi thdm n l 4 p vfa t f a g M f t | nhflhg cOng Idm suy gifai cdc n i t dep v f a hda vd cdc chufa mttc xa h l i t r u y l n t b & S ; ; ^ Sfl r t a g huge, c l k i t cdc thdnh viSn t " » M gia dinh vd troiig cdng d i n g trft nSu I f t ^ ^ Uo h t o . I^fti g i m sum hgp gia fflnh iTfl^M mgt ngdy gitta vg yk chfag, gitta b l rae,vM; rl con cdi, sinh hoat bk can Iai xdm (rang ,<
cdng d i n g ngay c t o g it di. Cugc s f a g ^ . \ a n h nhtt Id mdt t i l u m i i trttfag v f a hdS. . nhat Id van had t i n h t h f a , dao di&, t^
trau d l i dao dttc, lH sfag, Mnh thdnh n h f a each dang cd khuynh httfag bi nhflng cudn httt kinh te ldm cho suy gidm. Trong gia dinh, r f a g r a Id trang xa hdi, nhitog khdc hist the he, nhat Id v l ttt duy, \&
sing, Itta chgn gid tri cd xu htttog t f a g ldn va gay g a t Nd cd t h e trftr t h a n h n h f a g mdu thufa, xung dot t h l he.
Vl v t o hda, stt phuc hei trft Iai cdc vfa haa truyen thang trong vide thttc hanh n i l m tin tdn giao. Stt phuc h l i nay trong cdng dang giaa d f a dfao nhat tuy tiiiig cd nhdn, gia dinh, quan he, niem tin vd chinh sach efla Gido hdi. Gido hgi Cdng giao vfti chinh sdch hdi nhdp vdn hda de truyln gido dd cd chinh sdch cdi mft hon vfti cdc tdn gido khdc, do vdy nhieu thttc hdnh v t o hfta cfla cdc tdn giao Ishdc dttge khoac ISn minh n h f a g khdi niSm vd n i l m tin cfla CSng gida. Hdi nhdp v t a hoa dfldc Gido hdi xdc dinh bao g i m hai khia canh b l sung cho nhau: thtt n h a t Id phttc am hfta cac n l n vdn hfta; thtt hai Id phuc am b l sung cdc ylu td cfla n l n v f a hda ban dia.
"Khdng I^ gi chi vi mau cfla cdy n l n ; khdng
Vu Thi Thanh Tdm - Thd cung tS tiin cua ngUdi Viit Cong gido.. 81 1^ ^ cM T^ chut ngai ngan trUdc mdm ccfm
cdng; khdng ly gi cM vi khdng quen vdi ddn nhac bdt dm, va cM vi nhQng tilu tig't tUtfng t u md edng vide truyln gido cd phai mai mai bi ngang trd! I ^ Q n g hd sau, rdo can can dugc dd bd, san b ^ g d l mgi ngddi Vidt Nam d l cam nhdn Dao Cdng gido phu hgp vdi tam Idr^, tin ngUdng, phong tuc, tg.p quan cua ddn tdc Viet Nam. Dugc nhU till, trong mdt vien canh khong xa t a cd t h l thdy hinh a n h cac thg gat rdn r a vdi nhQng bo Ida vang triu ndng trgn tay trgn khap cdnh dong truyen giao Viet Nam bao la bdt ngat. ^ ngdy gy Gido HSi Cong giao Viet Nam se "nhU gain them hoa" [7].
Bgn canh dd, cac ca nhdn tuy theo sU Meu bilt, quan hg ma hg da hgc tdp, thUe h a n h nhQng van hda mdi vdi quan Mem trd lai van hda truyen thong.
Trong khong gian xa hdi - vdn hod do,
"tinh ludr^ dign vdn hod" cua ngUdi Viet ddgc t h l Men ro net, vda cd sU mat di vda cd su them vao nhQng yeu td', sdc thai vdn hod mdi. Dieu ndy da tac ddng d i n tam ly, y ihdc, Hi song va ea viec thUc hanh tdn gido Men nay, t r o i ^ dd co vah d l thd cdng t l tien.
3. T h d e i i i ^ t o t i e n c u a ngiicri Vi^t C d i ^ g i a o t a i m p t s ^ d i a phifofng
Giao hSi Cong gido cd nhdng quy dinh chat che v l each thdc thUc Men cac vah de trong cugc sd'ng, trong dd cd thd cung to tidn. NhQng quy dinh chinh thd'ng ndy dugc ap dung tai cac giao xd. Tuy nMgn, cf tittig ndi, cac qiiy dinh dd dugc dp dung mdt
each linh boat phu hgp vdi phong tue tap qudn cua dia phuong. Chinh vi vay, se co mdt so' sU gid'ng vd khdc nhau ve l l thdc tai cde gido xd khdc nhau, dign ta bang cdc cd cM rigng bigt cua mdi nUdc, mdi xd vd tuy theo trUdng hgp
- Trong tang l i vd gii chap:
c a c giao xd thudng cd nhQng ngUdi chuyen di giup cac benh nhan hay edn ggi la ke ligt (nhdng ngUdi sap chit) dugc an lanh ve tinh than, ed the sinh hoat ton gido. Vi the ngUdi giup ke liet luon la can tMet cho benh nhan sd'ng dao khdng t h l de'n nha thd. So' lugng ngddi giup ke Hgt tai cdc giao xd thudng td 1-3 ngUdi. NhUng cung cd gido xd t h a n h lap ca mgt Ban/Hoi giup ke liet, nhU gido xd Ke Sdt (Hai DUtfng), giao xd An Quy (Hai Phbng), giao xd Vudn Xodi (TP. Ho CM Minh),... Gido xd Ke Sat cd ca mgt Ban giup ke liet thugc hdi thdnh Giesu. Vdi 25 hgi vign, hg chi bao, truyln day eho nhau nhQng kien thdc, kinh ngMgm d l mgi ngUdi cd nhu^g Mlu b i l t nhat dinh trong cong viec va dam bao lu6n CO ngUdi den giup cac benh nhdn kM dugc ygu eau. Cdc giao xd khac thSng thudng cM cd 1 hoac 2 ngUdi ldm eong viee nay, nen kM trong giao xd eo nMlu benh nhan, hg di mdi nha mot luc chd khdng d lau dugc. Nhung d Ke Sat, cac benh nhan luon cd ngudi giup kM hg ygu elu, tham cM la trong thdi gian dai.
Trong giao xd cd ngUdi mat, nha thd danh chudng bao td cho toan giao xd, ggi la chuong sau hay ehu6ng td. 6 giao xd
82 Nghien ciiu Ddng Nam A, so6l20l6_
Chg Mdi (Nha Trang); Phu Nhai, Thanh T h l (Nam Dinh); giao hg Nd LUc (Phu Tho) nam gidi mdt danh 7 tilng chudng, nQ gidi mat tM 9 tieng [4]. Cdn d gido xd Ke s a t trUdc day, kM nam gidi mat ngUdi ta ddnh 21 tieng chudng va 14 t i l n g chudng cho nd; cMec chuong thudng dung de bao td la loai chudng nhd. Tuy nhign d giao hg Td Ne (Bac Ninh)[10], ngoai phan biet dugc gidi tinh ngifdi chet, ngUdi dan cbn bilt ngudi ma't Id gia hay tre thong qua tieng chuong. Neu tieng chudng sau cuoi rung ddi tM ngUdi mdt la ngddi eao tuoi, eon tilng chuong cuoi rung ngan Id ngifdi tre tuli; neu chuong sau rung len lign tue la bdo Unh muc qua ddi,...
KM dda tang, ngudi Viet khdng C5ng giao CO lg "cha dda me don", tdc la ne'u cha mat tM con trai se chdng gay di theo linh cdu cha, con me ma't se chong gay di trddc linh cdu. Trong dam tang cua ngifdi Cdng gido, da s l cac gido xd ed le, ddm tang bo me, cac eon trai gdi, dau re diu di pMa sau linh cQU. Cbn d gido hg N6 LUe (Phu Thg) cd tuc le con gai di giat lui pMa trUdc quan tai, con trai di sau quan tai. "(J d&y thi cd con gdi di lUi, di ddng tritdc, rtgUdi ng bdu vdo ngiibi kia, con trai thi di tiin, dang sau, bdt ki bd me" (PVS, nam 58 tuoi, chdc vide) [3].
Trong dam tang thudng cd ngUdi cha'p Meu. Do la ngifdi cM huy phu kigu dUa quan tai tQ nhd r a xe tang, dilu k h i l n vigc di ddng, nang lgn ha xuong, sang trai sang phai, bang Mgu lgnh hai t h a n h gd ngan cam tay, cho de'n luc ha huyet, thdo giay
ddn md quan tdi ludn ngay ngan. NgUdl Cdng gido d Hd' Nai (Dong Nai) MSn nay vdn cbn ngu&i cha'p Meu trong dam tang [8]. Viec ndy do mdt ngifdi trong gido khu phu trdch chuygn ngMep. Giao xd Ke Sat trUde ddy cung cd ngUdi ehdp Mgu, nhung Men nay khdng cdn nQa.
Theo truyln t h i n g eua ngUdi Tigt, kM cha me md't, eon trai khdng v l chiu tang duge tM phdi treo gdy chong & dau ddn dai du (ddn ldn d l kMeng quan tdi). Cbn vdi ngudi Cdng giao, kM cha me mdt ma cdc con ehua kip ve de chiu tang tM d mdt s l giao xd hg v^t cac khdn tang ldn tren quan tai. Mdi cMlc k h a n bilu thi cho mdt ngUdi con. d gido xd Ke Sat khdng phan biet sU v ^ g mat eua con trai hay eon gai, con ddu.
Cd 1 trong 3 trUdng hgp nay vang mat tM ngudi ta se vat mgt k h a n tang lgn pMa chdn h n h cQU. 6 giao xd Trdc Hung (Nam Dinh), cM kM vang ngUdi con trai mdi vat khdn, cdn vang con dau, con gai tM khdng v^t k h a n [1].
Nghia dia cua cdc gido xd Cdng gido thddng dugc cMa t h a n h 4 khu vUc theo Mnh cha t h a p . Toan bg bdn trai danh eho nam, bdn phai ddnh cho nQ. Khu vifc bgn tren danh cho nhQng ngUdi cd chdc sac trong dao, tre em. Mdt so' giao xd co tue an tang nhQng ngUdi ldi dao tai mgt khu vdc rieng trong nghia dia. Lang Luu PhUcfng (Ninh Binh) c6 mgt mdnh ddt bi nguyin rda d l ch6n cdt rieng nhQng ngi/di hi l5i dao. Tham cM d hg dao Tan De, ngudi loi dao trUdc day edn khdng dugc dUa xdc bang cd ddn md cho lgn xe qugt d l trau
VM Thi Thanh Tdm - Thd ciing tS tiin cda ngUdi Viit Cdng gido... 83 keo. Cbn ngMa dia xd dao Phung Khoang
(Ha Ngi), cung cMa t h a n h 4 6 theo hinh thdp gid, trong dd 1 o dung lam ncfi an tdng n a m gidi, 1 o de an tdng nQ gidi. 1 o d l an t a n g tre nho va 1 d ddnh an tang ngUdi chg't tre [2].
M5t net mdi trong tue an tang cua ngudi Cdng giao do la cai t a n g hodc hda tMeu va dem tro ed't ve ddt trong mgt nhd danh rieng ggi Id n h a Phuc sinh hoae dgc theo mdt bdc tUdng d l tien cham soc hucmg khdi, cdu nguydn. Tnfdc day ngUdi Cdng gido thudng cM dia tang 1 lan, khdng cai tdng hoac hda tang. Hien nay mSt so gido xd cai t a n g va hoa tang nhU d gido xd Bac Thanh (Nha Trang) danh ridng m6t khu ggi la Cong vign Phuc sinh ldm noi dat tro ed't eai t a n g hoac hoa tdng.
Cbn gido xd Chg Mdi, gido xd CMnh tba Nha Trang co mdt bde tUdng danh rieng cho viec nay [6].
TrUdc day, cac tin do Cong giao Viet Nam khong dUgc t l chdc cac l l gid t l tien thudng xuygn theo phong tuc truyen thong.
Sau kM gido hgi Cong giao Viet Nam ra thdng cdo v l thd eung t l tien, viec thUc Men cdc l l gid duge tien hdnh mgt cdch chu ddo va thudng xuyen hon. & giao xd KB Sat, gido dan thUdng to chdc ldn dip gii dau, gid cuoi cho ngUdi than dd khuat. Mdt s6' nha tiep tue duy tri cac lg gii trong nhQng nam tie'p theo. Tuy gia canh vd vi the ngUdi da khuat ma cung gio, thUdng la bOa ccfm chung quy tu con chdu trong nhd, cd kM mdi thgm ba eon loi x6m hay ngUdi t h a n trong ddng hp den cung tham dU. Don
gian hdn la cM di xin lg tai nhd thd nhdn le gid. Ddy cung dugc xem nhU dip gdp mat sum hgp ngUdi thdn tiong gia dinh, cung nhau nhac nhd lai nhOttig ky mem v l ngUdi qua CO. Nhung d lang dao Quy CMnh, xd Van Diln (Nam Dan, Nghe An) tM lai cM to chdc gid duy nha't vao nam thd 2. Nhiftig l l gio trudc va sau dd deu cM tie'n hanh xin l l nhd thd. Ngoai ra cbn dilm khdc bigt la trong kM tai Ke Sat, sau kM ngdng vigc dge kinh tap t h l cau nguyen cho linh h i n ngudi qua co khoang 7 ngay, 10 ngay hay sau 49 ngay (tuy tdhg gia dinh) tM bat huong tam dugc bo di, chuyin di anh len thd tai ban thd gia tien chung, tM tai Quy CMnh, viec nay duge thUc Mgn sau l l gid nam thd 2 [9].
Trong ngdy gid, cdc gia dinh xm l l tai nha thd gido xd, thdm phan m6 va thdc Men gid cau nguyen chung tai gia dinh de tudng nhd ngUdi dd khuat. Trong thanh l l CO ngudi xin l i gii, d giao xd Ke Sat va m5t so giao xd khdc, sau kM gan k i t thuc thanh 11, linh mue se noi "Xin Cha nhd din ong bd anh chi em T (ten thanh cua ngUdi dugc xm lg) Id ngiM con mn. Cha da ggi ra khoi ddi ndy ve vdi Cha. Nhd bi tich thdnh tdy, ngucn tin hihi ndy da cung chet vdi Chua Kitd, xin Cha cho dugc citng sdng lgi v&i ngiM" de cgng doan giao ddn Mep thong cau nguyen cho hnh hon dd. Cdn d giao hg Td Ne (Bae Ninh), kM thanh l i bat dau, mdt ngudi ti-ong gia dinh ngUdi qua c l se cam mdt bo hUcmg, di td pMa cuoi nha thd len gian cung thdnh thap hUcfng va vdi lay trudc sd chdng Men eua todn the giao dan
84 Nghiiri.ei» Bdng Nam A, sg6J2016_
hodc todn t h l gia fflnh den thap httang. Sau dd mdi d i n ihdnh 11 nhtt binh thtttog [10].
- That Cling t?il gia v a d o n g hp Trttdc khi Cdng gido Viet Nam dttge dp dung H u t o thi Plane compertum est, cdc boat dgng liSn quan nhtt t h i l t ldp b t o thft, ddt bdt httang, bdi vi... diu hi cai Id ph?im ludt dao vd cd the hi r i t phep thdng cong.
Sau cdc T h i n g cda (1964) vd Quylt nghi (1974) ve thft cfag t l tien cfla Hfti d i n g Giam muc ViSt Nam, ngttdi ViSt Cdng gida da d i n d f a t h i l t ldp lai b t a thft t l tiSn tai gia dinh, dang hg minh. Tuy t f a g vfag, ttty tttng vi c h i c h t o ehidn ft cac giao xfl, gido p h f a md vide thiet ldp lai b t a thd to tiSn nay dflgc d i l n r a sdm hay mufa. O gido xfl Ke Sdt da lap b f a thft gia tien dflgc k h o t a g 30 chuc n a m trft lai ddy. N h t o g ft giaa xfl Phung Khoang h i f a nay v t o chfla ldp bdn thft gia tiSn trong gia dinh [5].
Trong gia dinh, vi tri trang trgng n h a t ddnh cho b t o thd Chua, thfltog ft gitta nhd, tren cao. B f a thft t l tiSn dat thap hOn ban thft Chfla ft gifla hade bSn phai/trdi nha.
B t o thft dflac ddt trSn mdt cdi gid hade ndc t i do t i thfltog ddt ft vi tri dep trong nhd vd cd do cao. Khi dd, trdn ndc t i khdng dflgc ddt bdt ky thfl gi khong tfltog x t o g vfti b t o thd. Gia dinh cd dilu kifa v l khdng gian thl tdch riSng mdt phdng ldm phdng thd t& tiSn. Ndi chung, vi tri b t o thd t^ tiSn ludn dttdc dat ft vi tri trang trgng trong nhd, n h t o g k h f a g dttdc phdp ddt cao h t o b t o thd Chua. Khu vflc ddt b t a thd phdi eft khdng gian de mgi ngfldi cd the dgc
kinh cSu ngttyln. T i d n g thfltog, ngflW Cdng gida d?t bfa.Uift khdng xem httftngi;:
md phu t h u | e v4p vi^c slip x i p khftng giaij | sinh hoat trong gia fflnh, n h t o g cung eg. . ngttfti am h i l u v l Kinh Dich dd d^t b ^ thft gia tiSn theo httftng phtt hgp vfti bfa mdnh cfla chfl gia £ n h .
Cdch bdi tri bdn thft t l tiSn t h l h i t o n i l m tin, t i n h each, k i n b tl', dia vj cfla t f a g gia dinh. D l thft ttt da.t trSn b t o thft thfltog cd mfa se chung: di fah, bat htttog, ddi c h f a n l n , Ip h a a Mdt s l gia faih cd bdy thSm ffla dung hoa qua hodc rflau, bdnh, d l uShg.. Tuy tiing gia finh md cac d l thft ttt dttge bdy nhieu hay it, d l thft ttt theo phong cdch truyln t h f a g hay hifa dai. DH tttgng thft Id n h f a g ngttfti da khulit trttc hS trong gia dinlL Mdt s l ngttdi dgc t h t a khdng cd con cdi cfag se dttdc gia dinh chdu thft cung. Ce gia 4 n h thft chung hodc thft riSng hg nfti vd hg ngaai.
Mdt sd gifa :lC!i dang cft xu htttog xdy dttng n h f a g ngdi nlid thd he vd vilt gia pha. Vi§c phuc h l i cac nai sinh heat tdm linh vd ghi nhft cdc mdi liSn ket ddng hg diln ra mftt cdch fai t h f a i nhung manh l i s t Nhilu gia dinh bat d4u ttt vi^c xay dttng ngdi nhd thd cha gia dinh minh, vfti mang mudn ttt dd v l sau se d f a d t o trft thdnh mdt ngfti ttt dtttog cua ddng hg. Do hign nay, vide ifai v l cdc dang hg glc tich gdp rat nhieu khd k h f a , gia pha khdng cft, mfti chi dang dttge v i l t lai nen vigc thft ttt cfag chi khofag 3-4 dfti. Gido xfl Phtt Nhai (Nam Dinh) cfag cd phong trdo xdy dttng ttt dtttog, nhtt hg nhd eng T r f a Hu^nh
Vu Thj Thanh Tam - Thd cung to tien cua ngUdi Vift Cdng gido... 85 T f a da xdy dflng mdt ngdi nhd thd hg 'Vtta
d l thft Chua, vtta k m h nhft t l tiSn. Vdo dip giS, t i t , cfa h i n . . can chdu tu hgp tai ddy, thif httang, doc kinh cfa nguyfa tttfag nhft den gia tgc vd dn lai truyen t h i n g dao dttc cfla dftng hg de gido due con chdu" [1].
Giao xtt Ke Sdt cd mdt so gia dinh cfag da xdy dttng n h f a g ngdi nhd thft theo ed'u trflc nhd thft ViSt t r u y l n t h i n g .
LS cfag h^u khd p h i bien tai cdc dia phtttog cfla ngttfti VlSt k h i n g C i n g gido.
M i t s l gido xfl Cong giaa cung ce IS nay nhttng dttdc thflc h i f a thea cac each khdc nhau. Tai giaa xfl Ke Sat, n h f a g ngfldi cd cing vfti nhd thft thi trang ddm tang, mgt s l nghi thttc tai gia nhtt Iam phep xdc, lam phep quan tai, Iam phep huySt trong dam tang., linh muc se d t o g r a thttc h i t a . Cftn II gift vdo cac n a m sau n h a thft khdng xin 11 cho riSng ca n h t a dd ntta md se xin IS gdp vao "cac linh h f a t i l n nhdn". N h t o g ngttdi khdng cd thtta ttt thi cd t h l n h f a m i t ngttfti hg hdng nao dd vd cho thtta ke' tdi san. Ngttdi thtta k l cd trdch nhiem xin 11. Nlu khdng cd ai xin 11 giup thi hg se dttdc gdp chung vdo cdc Unh ban m l cdi vd n h f a IS tfl n h t o g ngflfti xin 11 cha cdc Hnh hon m l cdi. Cdn d Ifag Lflu Phtttog (Ninh Binh), cdc gido ddn v t o thttc hien 11 ky nidm ngttdi cd cdng vdi ldng, nhtt hdng nam vda t h a n g 7 t l chttc l l ky niem chiSu md vd truy ttt tien nhdn 2 ngdy. Treng IS, ca d i l n r a IS t l , van t l nhSc den cdng lae cdc vi chiSu, nguyen md cft c i n g khai khan dat dai. Ngodi r a cdn cd cdc ldng Cdng gido khdc nhtt I t o g Vdn Hai, ldng Ddc So
(Thtta ThiSn - HuD cung ed tue thd ngttfti ldp I t o g [2].
Hifa nay, cd cdng dong Cdng gido thttc h i t a mdt hinh thttc dttge coi Id t i l p biln v t o hda cua IS "cung hau" vfti stt thay doi Id ngttfti sd'ng cd t h l "cung" cho b t o t h t o , ngttdi t h t o vd "cflng" cho ngflfti dd c h i t Dft la hgi cfa nguyfa Phao-ll Chdu (Quy Nhto), hgi viSn ddng mdt khoan t i l n cho bdn than hodc ngflfti t h t o d l trft thdnh hdi viSn vinh vien theo cde cd'p 1, 2, 3. N h t o g hgi viSn ndy se dttdc httfag thdnh le h f a g t h f a g vdo thtt 7 dfa t h f a g ciu cho tdi cd eac hdi vien cdn sd'ng va da qua dfti. Ngodi ra, vao ngdy 2/11 h t a g ndm cfag se cft mdt thdnh l l cho n h f a g hdi viSn da qua ddi.
Nhfag hdi viSn da qua ddi se dttge httfag 3, 2, 1 thdnh 16 theo cdc cap ke trSn. Khi cdc t f a linh mue vtta chiu chttc xong cfag se dfag mdt thdnh Id eho cac hdi vien. So t i l n hgi viSn ddng se dfag d l giup dft n h t o g chflng sinh.
Ke't l u ^ n
- Mil dia phtttog dtta Tin M t o g nhap t h l vdi v t a hda d f a tgc phu hgp vdi tinh t h f a Cdng gida mdt each khdc nhau.
- Phttc am hda n l n v f a hda dd bfag cdch lam cho tinh t h f a Cdng gida tah httfag den quan nidm, cdch suy nghi, hdnh xfl cfla gido dfa. Stt thieh fag nay nhkm lam cho n l n vdn hda dy mang nhilu tinh t h f a Cing gido h t o .
- Tuy thugc vdo quan niSm, phong tuc tap quta md viSc hdi nh$p Tm M t o g vdo vdn hda dia phtttog vd ngttgc lai ft t t o g dia
86 Nghiin cieu Ddng Nam A, so^l^Old^
phUcfng lai co nhQng suy nghi, hdnh vi khac nhau. Su khdc nhau nay khdng ldm nen sd d5'i ldp ma la sU b l sung cho nhau, tao ngn mgt nen van hda Viet Nam ndi ehung va van hda Cdng giao ndi rieng da dang, ddm dd ban sac hon.
Anh hudng cua vdn hoa tin ngddng truyln t h i n g dg'n ddi song dao cua cU ddn ding b&ng Bac Eg ed mdc do ddm nhat khac nhau. Cd t h l thdy cf lang ndy cd, ldng kia khdng, nhdng ndi chung diu mang tinh than hgi nhap van hda, n h a m cung co vd lan tda ddc tin trong giao dan vd trdnh nhQng xung ddt, mdu thudn vdi phong tue truyln t h i n g cua Viet Nam.
Thd cung t l tidn Id tin ngUdng truyln thong mang tinh pho quat, cd vi tri dac biet trong ddi sd'ng tinh than ngudi Viet Nam. Tin ngUdng nay la sU boi lang, ket tinh nhQng gid tri dao dde quy bdu eua ngudi \^gt Nam. Thdng qua nhQng ngM l l thd eung t l tign, con chdu t h l Mgn ldng thdnh kinh, b i l t on dd'i vdi ngudi thdn dd khudt, tdn vinh nhOftig ngUdi cd edng vdi nhan ddn, dat nUde. Td dd, tinh dodn k i t , gan bd gida cde thdnh vign trong gia dinh, dbng hg, tinh ygu qug hdcmg dat nUdc dugc khcfi day, duy tri./.
TAI LI|:U THAM KHAO 1. sao tang Ddn t^c hgc Vi|t Nam (2009),
Sdng trong bi tich • Vdn hoa Cdng giao duang dgi ViH Nam, Ha Noi.
2. Nguyin King Duong (2001), Nghi ^ vd Mi sdng Cdng gido trong vdn hoa ViSt Nam, Nxb Khoa hgc xa h^i, Hd N^i.
3. Lg Ddc Hanh (2008), Vdn di thd cdng tS ti&n cda ngitcd Cdng ^4o viing ddng b&ng Bdc Bd • ViSt Nam (tiip cdn Nh&n hgc Tdn gido qua nghiSn ciiu tnHmg hap lang dao Td NS), HOi thdo Vi$t Nam hgc l&i thd 3.
4. Lg Ddc Hanh (2011), Hdn nh&n vd nip sdng dao trong gia dinh ngiidi ViSt Cdng gido d gido hg N5 Lite, tinh Phd Thg, li4n an tiln Sl.
5. Hodng Manh Hdng (2014), Hdn nh&n cila ngiidi Cong gido d xd dgo Phiing Khoang, xa Trung Van, huySn Td LiSm, TP. Hd Not, ludn vdn Thae sy Vdn hda hge.
6. Cao K^ Huong (2010), Hiiu kinh td tiSn cda ngudi Viet theo Cdng giao (qua nghiSn cdu hai gido xd Cdng gido tgi Khdnh Hda), Iu|ui vSn Thae sy ngdnh Vdn h6a hoc.
7. Linh muc Vd Td Khdnh (2014), Ndm mUai n&m thd cung to tiSn, Tu sdch Nudc Mdn
8. Nguyin Ddc L6c (2007), Tim hiiu ddi sdng vdn hda ngudi ViSt Cdng gido a Hi Nai, Ddng Nai, luan dn Tien si.
9 . - T r ^ Vdn Nhan (2013), Hiiu kinh to tiSn cua ngudi Cdng gido vung Trung Bd ViSt Nam (qua nghiSn cihi ldng dao Quy Chink, xd Vdn Biin, huySn Nam Ddn, tinh NghS An), luan vSn thae sy ngdnh VSn h6a hgc, Hd N&i.
10. Nguyin Thi Phong (2008), V&n di thd cdng tS tiSn cua ngiM Cdng gido hg dgo TH NS (Lumg Thi - B4e Ninh), kh6a ludn t6t nghidp tnfdng Bai hoc Su pham Hd Ndi.