He is the author of The Provoked Economy: Economic Reality and the Performative Turn (2014) and co-author of Capitalization: A Cultural Guide (2017). Gustavo Onto is a postdoctoral student in the Graduate Program in Sociology and Anthropology of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. He is also an associate researcher of the Center for Research on Culture and Economy (NuCEC), where he coordinates the Study Group on the Anthropology of Finance (GEAF) in partnership with the Brazilian Securities and Exchange Commission (BSEC).
The real in the real economy
Two sides of the coin” (1986), where the two sides are the state (top-down) and the markets and social life (bottom-up). Both the concept and the analysis of the real thus become complex and even contradictory. Political struggles exist at the core of the real economy and the pragmatics of the real economy we propose in this project.
The live act of business and the culture of realization
In the current study, I develop a characterization of the problem of the actual business while drawing from ethnographic investigation. In the second section I turn to an examination of the concept of reality implied in this material. Writing the actual documentation of the case (i.e. the presentation of empirical elements) is not considered a central topic.
Deductions and counter-deductions in South Africa
Fierce battles are fought in the courts to decide for or against practices that seem inherent to the country's economy, despite existing in an ambiguous space on the boundaries of the law. Given the strength of the state and the capitalist sector in what was otherwise a developing country, informal economic activity had, some believed, been displaced (Lund and Skinner 2003). MacGaffey's claims about the complex and often contradictory role of the state are particularly relevant to the current study, especially the role of government employment.
These are practices that use the devices within the framework of legality, that benefit from the law's protective embrace, and that have only recently begun to be challenged in the courts. The Western Cape High Court judgment hearing the case did not condemn the practice itself. Where she wrote about the jobs that bring access to the lucrative opportunities of the “parallel commercial system that is developing in the heart of the country, this “system” has taken an unusual and unexpected form in South Africa.
Power, identity and choice at work in the popular economies of Soweto and Black Johannesburg.” DPhil diss., University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. Integrating the Informal Economy into Urban Planning and Governance: A Case Study of the Policy Development Process in Durban, South Africa." International Development Planning Review. The Financialization of the Poor and the Reproduction of Inequality.” The New South African Review: The Crisis of Inequality, edited by Gilbert M Khadiagala, Sarah Mosoetsa, Devan Pillay, Roger Southall, 84–.
Default: A discussion of the insufficient remedies available to judgment debtors in the South African context. International Journal of Legal Sciences AGORA.
Resisting numbers
The origin of these spaces dates back to the occupation of hills in the center of Rio de Janeiro at the end of the nineteenth century. The centrality of houses in the social life of the people in this community3 formed the basis for an approach which also considers houses as analytically central. The uPPs were a program of the Rio de Janeiro state government to which the Military Police was subordinate.
For uses of the category of "pacification" at different historical moments in Brazil, see Oliveira (2014). The definition of subnormal agglomeration is clearly based on the definition of favela from the 1950s. Thus, the results presented in the tables in the annex cannot be taken as a reference for the entire population of the favela of the federal district.
This discussion is included in the broader agenda of the new anthropology of the house (cortado 2016). So what is at stake in the houses they actually live in are not the discrete units of reference that the statistical reality of permanent residence assumes. He began his speech with a document in hand, shook it in the direction of the public and said: “Here it is.
Through them and studies of the tense relations involved in the production of statistical realities, the processual and distributed character of forms of governance is revealed.
What is a ‘real’ transaction in high-frequency trading
Investigating how counterfeiting is constructed as a fraudulent transaction means uncovering some of the "enactments of reality" (Mol 1999) that constitute legitimacy and a collective sense of self-awareness in worlds of automated finance. In this case, the difference (also called the spread) between the best bid and the best bid (or "top of the book") is $0.01. The question is not whether all transactions in the order book are meaningful relationships, or whether there is an abstract body of knowledge that defines—as if a view from nowhere—what constitutes a true trade.
In the case of Apple Inc. the top of the order book has a slight imbalance: I can sell a maximum of 601 shares, while at the top I can only buy 210 shares. This form of trading is widely rejected, which is not surprising: as fictitious transactions, these cheats break the connections (Munn 1992) in the order book and threaten the market community and its perceived clarity of intent. Think especially of the trading floor, an infrastructure that is in stark contrast to the logic of the order book.
In the digital domains of electronic limit order books, fraud is, quite clearly, an illegal transaction, a false connection that threatens the moral standing of the anonymous market. One example comes to mind: a case of fraud on the floor of the London Stock Exchange in the early 1980s. Because it was written rather than printed on the board, it was clear to everyone in the market that this was a new piece .
Gift, gift.” In The Logic of the Gift: Toward an Ethics of Generosity, edited by Alan d.
Soybean, bricks, dollars, and the reality of money in Argentina
The experience with corralito (freezing dollar deposits and converting them into pesos at an exchange rate lower than the current market rate during the 2001 crisis) made Argentines very distrustful of banks. As we saw in the story of the Torre brothers and sisters, limited access to foreign currency purchases presented a challenge for real estate deals. He showed us some apartments and pointed out their advantages - the number of square meters and the quality of materials.
Since the purchase of the lot will be in dollars, its impact on the final price will also be in dollars. This part of the transaction can therefore be paid in the Argentine currency, with prices in pesos. The reliability of the index and the worthiness of its data have been a source of controversy ever since.
In terms of the transactions that take place within each sector, the importance of the dollar is diminishing. The US dollar is the currency used to calculate the price of the grain, machinery and agrochemicals. Complexity and Impasse: Value Dilemmas in Soft Currency Economies." In Legacies, Logic, Logistics: Essays in the Anthropology of the Platform Economy, 165–80.
Soft Currencies, Cash Economies, New Money: Past and Present. In Legacies, logics, logistics: Essays in the anthropology of the platform economy, 220–37.
A political anthropology of finance in cross-border investment in Shanghai
Merge Consulting had explored several potential buyers and reached the final stage of exploration with two of them. Before the final negotiations that might result from the agreement on the price and terms of purchase, the professional standard was for the representatives of the companies to meet in person. The morning of the meeting, Vicky, Peter and I met two owners of Calcus and Mr.
Hecks, had worked at the company for decades and was practically part of the family. The names of these two cities have been changed to preserve their anonymity. At the final stage of the transaction, the approval of the Ministry of Commerce was required before the payment money could be transferred.
This added a few weeks to closing the deal, which the owners of Bolbus and the members of Merge Consulting had not considered. When Peter left, Vicky was given a stronger position in the company, as head of the China office. This co-constitutive character of representations of profits, states and cultures makes it possible to question the 'economy' in the narratives of the 'real economy'.
State and Its Margins: Comparative Ethnographies.” In Anthropology in the margins of the state, edited by Veena Das and Deborah Poole, 3–33.
Corporate personhood and the competitive relation in antitrust
They must then take into account the relevant market share of competitors, which is estimated by volume/. According to the Brazilian lawyer Paula Forgioni, the “subject of anti-rust law” is “any [person or entity] capable of carrying out an act that restricts competition. The violations of the economic order mentioned in the Brazilian Competition Law are therefore committed by such business organizations that compete with other similar entities in different markets.
Some of the material included here and in the following section was previously published in Onto (2017). This is possible because the owners and supervisors of companies generally do not have significant stakes in other companies operating in the same market. Six commissioners, including the president of the council (and head of CADE), sit on the governing council and are responsible for final decisions on cases.
I also used the public version of the case data, accessed through the CADE website (www.cade.gov.br) on February 15, 2014. The reason for the subsequent approval of the merger was that the two educational companies had only small market shares in the analyzed geographic region. Even with only a 17 percent stake, FEBR, a legal entity, became Anhanguera's controlling shareholder, according to the report.
The information obtained casts doubt on the statement made by the applicant Anhanguera in his petition (Request for Merger) to the effect that no member of the Executive.
