K^T cAu - C 6 N G NGHE XAY DUT^G
THI NGHIEM BAN RUNG NGHIEN CLTU LfNG Xif C O A CONG TRlNH N G A M D\fd\ TAC DUNG CCiA DONG DAT
ThS. L E V A N T U A N
Vien Thuy cong - Vien Khoa hoc thuy lai Viet Nam GS. ZHENG YONG-LAI
Tofdng Dai hgc Dong Te, Tmng Qudc
Tdm tat: Bai bao trinh bay thi nghiem ban rung nghien cwu anh huang cua dgng dat tai kit ciu cong trinh ngim. Thi nghiem thwc hien tren md hinh kit cau co ty lg thu nho hinh hgc 1/30, gom 2 tang 3 nhip. \/$t lieu lam mo hinh la be tong cuang do thap (micro-concrete) va sgf kem.
Gia tic kich thich gom 2 loai: Song El Centro va sdng Shanghai. Cac cam bien dwac bo tri trong dit va tren be mat kit cau de ghi lai cac phan ung gia toe trong dat, gia toe tren kit ciu va biin dang tai bi mat kit ciu. Dwa tren so ligu thu dwgfc, tiin hanh danh gia wng xw cOa kit ciu cong tnnh ngim dwai tac dung cua dgng dit. Kit qui phan tich cho thiy, khi chju kich thich dgng dat, vi tri yeu va de bj pha hoai nhit tren kit ciu la fg; dinh va chan cot. Ngoai ra, ung xu ctJa kit ciu ngam phy thuoc vao gia toe dinh va tin so cua song kich thich.
TO" khoa: Thi nghi$m ban rung, cong trinh ngim, dgng dat. El eentro, Shanghai wave.
1. Mo'dau
Cdng trinh ngim ngay eang duge xay dung rgng rai, dgc bigt la hg thong giao thdng ngam tai cac dd thj Idn nham giai quyet bai toan giao thdng khi dan so dd thj ngay mpt tang. Vin d l an toan cOa cdng trinh ngam dudi tac dung cOa cac loai sdng kfch thfch Xiy cac vu no, tu xe co gidi, dac bigt la anh hudng cua sdng ddng dat, tip trude 1995 chua dugc quan tam thoa dang do quan ni$m cho rang, khi cd dgng dat, cdng trinh ngam chuyin dpng eung vdi dit nln xung quanh va nhu vgy, dpng dit xay ra thi cdng trinh ngim an toan han so vdi cdng trinh tren mat dit. Cho din khi trgn dpng dat Hyogoken - Nanbu diin ra d Nhat vao ngay 17 thang 01 nam 1995 tan pha manh me hg thong tau dien ngim, cac kit elu cdng trinh ngam, cae logi dudng dng...da lam thay dot quan nigm cho rang cdng trinh ngam an toan trud'c ddng dat [1, 2]. Cac dieu tra va nghien
cuu dugc thgc hien sau dd nhim danh gia, phan tfch ca ehe pha hoai, dua ra phuang phap gia co [3-5-6] va phuang phap thiet k l khang chin cho cdng trinh ngam [7],
Cac phuong phap chu yeu danh gia anh hudng cua dpng dit din kit elu cdng trinh bao gdm: Phuong phap quan trac nguyen trgng, phuang phap thi nghiem mo hinh va phuang phap phan tich ly thuylt. Trong dd phuang phap thf nghigm md hinh dugc sii dung ngay cang rpng rai do cd nhu-ng uu diem nhu: T n ^ quan quan sat each thuc va vj trf xung yeu tren kit elu;
danh gia den tae ddng qua Igi cua he dit - kit cau dudi tae dung eua dpng dat [8]. Mot so nghien cuu su dung ban rung nghien cuu ling xu cua kit cau ngam dudi tac dyng cua ddng dat, tieu bieu k l din nhu tac gia Chen Guoxing va cdng su [9-^11] dua tren md hinh tau dien ngam dat trong nen dat bao hod d l nghien ci>u philn ung cua md hinh trgm tau di^n ngam dudi tac dung cOa kich thich ddng dit ed k l din tae dgng qua lai giOa dit - kit elu. Jiang Luzhen va cpng su [12] si> dyng ban mng va md hinh toan nghien euu ung xu kit cau ngam lam bang be tdng cot thep cd mat cit ngang dgng hgp, nham nghien cuu npi Igc xuit hien trong kit ciu, dong thdi so sanh su khae nhau giua gia toe dinh xuat hien tai cac diem tren kit elu va gia toe tai cac diem lien ke trong dit.
Cac nghien cuu tren cho thay, phan i>ng eua kit elu ngim khi ehiu tac dyng cCia dpng dit rat phuc tap, ddi hoi nhieu nghien CLFU sau hon nua ea v l ly thuylt lan thue nghigm nham hieu rd hon v l phan iJng cua cdng trinh ngim khi dpng dit xay ra, dong thdi dua ra cac bign phap khang chan higu qua eho cdng trinh ngam. Nghien CLPU nay ap dgng phuong phap thi nghigm md hinh de danh gia ung xu cOa kit elu ngam dudi anh hudng cua sdng kich thich dpng diL Kit cau
Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016 15
K^T CAU - CONG NGHE XAY DI/NG
ngam cau tgo gom 2 tang 3 nhjp, d u g c lam t u be tdng c u d n g dp thap (micro-concrete) va sgi kem n h i m m d phdng k i t cau ngam trong t h u c t l . Ty le hinh hpc cua m d hinh va nguyen trgng Id 1/30.
Thf nghigm t h g c hien tgi Phdng thf nghiem trpng d i l m quoc gia v l dpng d i t cua t r u d n g dgi hpc Dong T l , Trung Quoc. K i t qua thf nghiem lam tai lieu tham khao eho danh gia khang dong dat cac cdng trinh t u o n g t u , cung n h u mgt lan n u a nghigm ehung Igi cac ly t h u y l t nghien eil-u v l khang chan cdng trinh n g i m .
2. T h i e t b j t h i n g h i e m 2.1. Ban rung
Ban rung si> dung trong thi nghigm ed kfch t h u d c 4 m x 4 m , dCing dign va cac pitong thuy lue de tgo ra kfch thfch theo ea 3 p h u a n g . Ban rung cd t h i chju tai trpng toi da la 25 t i n , tao ra gia toe Idn n h i t theo p h u a n g ngang va p h u a n g dil-ng la 4g (g la gia toe trpng t r u d n g ) , trong pham vi dai tan so Xiy 0.1 Hz d i n 50Hz. He thong thu tin higu cd toi da 128 cong thu.
2.2. Thiing chu^ mo hinh
Trong thf nghiem s u dung ban rung, vigc iyg chpn hinh t h u c thung chi>a la rat quan trpng, anh h u d n g d i n k i t qua thf nghidm. Cac loai thiJng chCra cd t h i chia ra thanh 3 logi chinh, bao g6m:
(1) thOng ehua dgng hop lam b i n g th^p cijng; (2) thung chira d u g c ghep b i n g cac thanh thep cilng;
(3) thung c h u a dgng tru trdn lam bang vgt ligu m i m . Cac k i t qua nghien c u u da ehi ra, s u dyng thung chu-a logi thi> 3 frong thi nghiem ban rung, cac thdng so do dgc tiF thi nghigm gan sat vdi mo hinh t h u c te han so v o l si> dung thung chua loai 1 va logi 2 (xem [13]). Do vay, thf nghigm nay lya chpn c h l tgo thung ehua loai t h u 3.
Hinh 1 vd hinh 2 cho t h i y hinh anh thgc t l va mat cat ngang thCing ehi>a s u dyng trong thi nghigm. ThCing chCra dang try trdn dudng l(inh 3 m , cao 1.5m, thanh lam bang cao su day 4mm, d u g c bao bpc bdi cac vdng thep loai dudng kfnh 6 m m , mat dp 5cm/1 v d n g . Thung chifa dugc co djnh trong khung thep han bang thep ehu L va c h u I, day khung thep do 1 Idp be tdng day Scm.
Tren khung thep cd cae 6c vft d l co dmh thung chua va ban rung.
Hinh 1 . ThCing chwa mo hinh thi nghi$m
2.3. Mo hinh thi nghiem
D y a tren nguyen mau t h i l t k l cua mpt nha ga dpc tuyen tau dien n g i m so 2 tai T h u g n g Hai, thi nghigm lua ehgn ty le t u a n g d u o n g hinh hpc la 1/30, s u dyng sgi kem va be tdng eudng dp thap (micro-eonerete) d l c h l tgo md hinh. Kfch t h u d e tong t h i eCia md hinh: Dai x rpng x eao t u a n g ung la 2170mm, 715mm va 371mm. T i l t dign ngang cua md hinh gdm co 2 tang 3 gian.
Dge theo e h i l u dai cua md hinh gdm ed 8 khoang chia deu bdi 7 tru cd t i l t dign ngang 24mm x 2 4 m m . Be tdng c u d n g dp thap cua m d hinh cd ty
Hmh 2. Mat cBt ngang thung chipa le tron ximang:cat:da:nu'6'C = 1:6: 0.6:0.5. Th[
nghidm nen m l u be tong kfch thLPO'c 70.7 x 70.7 x 70.7mm de do c i f o n g do chju nen cho ket qu^
CLFong do chju nen cua m a u dat xap xl 12.4 MPa.
Nen m a u kich t h y a c 7.7 x 70.7 x 210mm cho ket qua module dan hoi cua be tong lam mo hinh xap xi 11.8 GPa. D u d n g kinh sol kem g6m 4 lo?! c6 du'&ng kfnh tir 0.3mm den 0.9 m m , bo lr( nhlf sau: Spi du'&ng kinh 0.9mm bo tri a cac tru, s?i ducmg kinh 0.7mm bo tri i) t u o n g ben, spi du-img kinh 0.6mm bo tri a kSt cSu dau va chan tru, si?i 0.3mm lam so'i cot dai. Hinh anh mo hinh thi
16
Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016KfeT CAU - C 6 N G N G H E X A Y DITOG
nghidm v a kich thu'oc m a t cat ngang cua m o hinh nhu' tren hinh 3 v a hinh 4 .
240 . 220 . 240
r - r - r
fi itm^ * m r ^
ootl-
. ^ £
:iZ4
[m-
Hinh 3. Hinh anh mo hinh thi nghiem
3. So^ do bo tri cam bien
Hinh 5 d i n hinh 9 la so do bd tri cac cam biln do, bao gom: Cam biln do gia t i e (trong d i t va tren k i t cau) va cam bien do chuyen vj tgi cac vj tri tren be mat k i t c i u . Cac cam bien dugc bo tri v l hai phia cua md hinh k i t elu ma khdng bd tri d mgt cat chfnh giiia cua k i t cau, vi: (1) kfch thud-c cua md hinh k i t e l u nhd, thao tac d l gan cac cam biln vao cac vj tri tgi mat eat chinh gii>a rat khd khan, r i t khd dat dugc dp chinh xac can thiet; (2) k i t qua nghien CCFU bang mo hinh toan cung nhu cac thi
- h
?^ " ^
- h
Hinh 4. Kich thwdc mat dt ngang mo hinh thi nghiem
nghiem tuong tu trude day eho thiy rang, k i t elu ngam cd 2 d i u ngam cung, tu* khoang each 0.38b tinh tO" mdt dau b i t ky eua k i t eau, vdi b la dg rpng cOa k i t elu thi dp lech giua mdmen u l n Idn nhit tgi cac edt try nho hon 5% (xem [14]) . Vi ly do dd, thf nghigm si> dung 2 tam nhua tong hgp day 10mm c h l tgo thanh nap day nham ngam 2 dau k i t ciu, tren tam nhua khoan lo nhd d l cac day noi vdi cam bien luon qua ket noi vao he thong may tfnh do tfn hieu.
Cac cam biln dugc bo trf ve hai phia cua k i t elu, nhu tren hinh 5 d i n hinh 9.
Hinh 5. Mat bang sa do bo tri cac cam bien
Hinh 6. Sa do bo tri cam bien do chuyin vj tai mat cat tryc s6 2(S1 den S17)
S2Ntr's24 ""^tti^
^20 S2il^ii2
Hinh 7. Sa do bo tri cam bien do chuyen vj tai mit cit tnic s6 8 (S18 den S26)
Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016 17
K^T CAU - CONG NGHE XAY DU'NG
' V/Aslx^AslzV/
Hinh 8. So do bo tri cam biin do gia tic tren ket ciu tai mat cJt true sd 3 (AI din A3)
'=^ "^^
As6x As7x
Hinh 9. Sa do bo tri cam biin do gia tic tren ket j ciu tai mgt cJt tryc s6 7 (A4 din A7) I
Hinh 10. M$t bang sa do bo tri cam biin do gia toe trong dit
m
_ML-
Hinh 11. MatcStsado bd tn'cam bien do gia toe trong dat
4. Song kich thich va cac truong hop thi nghiem
Gia toe kich thich SLP dung trong thi nghiem bao gom 2 loai: Gia toe cua tran dong dat a Ei centro va gia toe gia thilt cua khu VLFC thanh ph6 Thucyng Hai, Trung Quoc (sau day gpi tat la song SHW). Tran dgng d§t a El centro, California (iWy) xay ra ngay 19 thang 5 nam 1940 co cir&ng do
IVls=6.9 la mpt trong nhu'ng trgn dgng flat du'^c ghi lai day du nhat. Tho'i gian chuyen dong mgntl keo dai 26 giay. Song SHW dup'c chon trong Quy ph?m thiet ke khang ch§n DGJ08-9-2013 [16] tgi khu vi/c Thu'png Hai, dia chat nen la dat cap IV.
Gia toe d6 va pho Fourier cua song El Centro va SHW nhu tren hinh 12 dSn hinh 15.
0.41 f 0.2
I 0.1 H 0.0 ^^
•^-o.ij
S -0.2 I
< -0.3 -0 4 0
mmH»'
10 15 20 25 30 35 time (sec)
Hinh 12. Gia (oc dd cua song El Centro
0.04
„ 0.03 .59 0.02
§ 0.01- a 0.00- .a-0.01-
§ -0.02
<: -0.03 -0.04
SHW
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 time (sec)
Hinh 13. Gia tde dd ciia sdng SHW
18 Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - so 1/2016
K 6 T C A U - CONG NGHE XAY DU'NG
0.014 0.012
•§ 0.010- . | 0.008
§• 0.006
<• 0.004 0.0021 0.000
0 SS^!te!*«l)ii«.!»i!-
30 0.000
tW^'.»wrtA^j«#i-^*tMw<ifH20 30 40 Frequency (Hz) Hinh 15. Pho gia toe cua song SHW
50 60 10 15 20 25
Frequency (Hz) Hinh 14. Pho gia tde cCia sang El Centm
Tl> cac gia tri tren, gia tri gia t6c cila cac truong hop thi nghiem du'oc dieu chinh dua tren phuong phap dinh gia toe nen (Peak Ground Acceleration - PGA). Cac truong hop thi nghiem tu'Ong Cmg voi gia trj gia toe dinh nhu trong bang 1.
Bang 1. Gia tri gia toe ei/c d^i (mg vol cac tnpdng hap thi nghiem
STT1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8
Gia toe El Centro wave Shanghai wave El Centre wave
Shanghai wave El Centre wave Shanghai wave El Centro wave Shanghai wave
K;^ hieu EI2 SH3 EI7
SHB EHO SH11 EI15 SH16
Gia trj ciFC dai '(g)' 0.229 0.245 0.42; 0.38
0.47; 0.32 C.99q 0.95 1.47 1.34
Phu-ffng Nqang Ngang Ngang, dCrnq
Ngang, dunq
Ngang Ngang Ngang Ngang
5. K i t qua thi nghiem va phan tfch 5.1. Gia toe trong dat
Hinh 16 d i n hinh 19 trinh bay he so khulch dgi gia toe (AMF-Acceleration Magnification Factor) cua cac diem quan trie trong d i t ung vdi cac trudng hgp thf nghiem. Cot ben trai bieu thj h§ so khuech dai gia tde theo do sau ung vdi cac gia trj gia toe khae nhau. Cot ben phai la biln thien gia toe theo thdi gian tai cac diem quan trie.
Tiy cac bieu do tren, cd t h i nhan thiy, doi vdi sdng kich thfch cd dinh gia t i c nln (vilt tat la PGA-Peak Ground Acceleration) nhd (nhu trudng hgp sdng EI2, SH3, va EI7, SH8), he so khulch
dgi gia toe AMP tang ti> day len be mgt dat md hinh. Tai b l mat dat, gia tn AMF nam trong khoang tCr 0.57 d i n 0.85. Ngugc lai doi vdi sdng kich thich cd PGA Idn hon (trudng hgp EHO, SH11 va EI15, SH16), he so khulch dai gia toe cd xu hudng giam dan tu day len be mgt. Dieu nay duge ly giai do ung XLP phi tuyen va mem hda cua dat mo hinh khi chju kich thich eua sdng cd gia toe Idn.
6" cac trudng hgp thf nghiem, khi sdng kfch thich cd cung do Idn PGA, he so khuech dai gia tie gay ra bdi sdng kich thich El be hon so vdi he so khulch dgi gia tde gay ra bdi sdng kich thich SHW.
Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - so 1/2016 19
K^T CAu - CONG NGHE XAY DU'NG
Peak AMF 0.4 0.6 0 8 1.0 1.2
0.15 -30.10
"§0.05
••S 0.00
| - 0 05 3-0.10
"*-O.I5 0
0.15- i 0.10- : 0.05-
I 0:00 J ^
S -0.05 ^ T
§ -0.10 f
10 15 20 10 15 20
W" 1000 jiJL
T iiiif
10 15time (s) 0 5 10 IS 20
Hinh 16. Hg so khuech dgi gia toe cua cac diim trong dit ung v&i song kich thich EI2 va SH3
0.2 0 4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2
- • - E I 7 -•»•-SHB
0.20-
^ 0 15-
•3 0 10- g 0,05- a 0 00- B-0.05-
•g-0 10-
0 10 15 20
0 20 -S 0.15
•^ 0.10
§ 0 05
•5 0,00 S3 -COS- 'S -0.10
"-015-
^ -0.20,
WK-
f
-sOis - = 0.10 ill 0.20] - SH8-A9 g 0 0 5 , 1I .goopp4H^^lH*w^
•i-o'ioj S-0 15
"^-0.201 0,15
3 0 , 1 0 c 0 05 .£ 0 00 2-0.05 .2i-0 10 S-0,15
<-0.20 -0.25
f
0 I 10 15 20
time(s)
S-0.2
<-0.3
^
Hinh 17. He so khuSch dai gia toe cila cac diim trong dat img v&i sdng kich thich EIT va SHB
20 Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - so 1/2016
KfeT CAU - C 6 N G N G H E X A Y DU'NG
Peal! AMF 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.0-
0.2-
0.4- 0.6
S-0*
s
1.0- 1.2
1.4
—A
" \ \
A \ \
-EHO -SHll
A
1
1
A9 M
\
\
AO
tPL "^""' tilL
S SJ M S !!-0 I j i i
^-02 pn •3-li.4 P
3-04 8 - 0 6
s-ge ' S-0.8 I 10 15 20
time ( s j
0.8
•3 0.6 1
^ -0.4 r I y -0,6 •
5 10 15 20 time (s)
10 15 20 ' " 0 5 10 15 20 time (s) time (s)
Hinh 18. Hesd khuich dgi gia tic cua cae diim trong dit wng voi song kich thich EHO va SH11
-E115-A5 PeakANfF
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 0.0-
B-0.8-
A l \ : 04-
^
H oomififfmiitmmmfm
l - O ' ' -10 15 20
5 10 15 20 time (s)
•S 0.0
^ - 0 - 4
^
Hmh 19. H$ s6 khuech dai gia toe cua cac diem trong dk Ong vol sdng kich thich EI15 va SH16
5.2. 6ia toe tfli cac diem tren kit cau dan tir difffi len tren, flat gia trj ldn nhat tai tran Hinh 20 bieu thj gia toe dinh t?i cac diem quan <^"^ ^"3 tren cimg kSt d u .
trie bo tri o" ban day, ban san tang 2 va tran tang Dp lech giiJa dinh gia t6c tai trin tang tren 2 cua ket cau. Tii quan h# tren nhan thay, khi va ban day ting du-oi tang khi gia tn dinh gia toe dinh gia toe nen, gia too tren ket c i u cung tang „ § „ tang. Phan tich so lieu cho thiy, khi thi
Tap chl KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016 21
KtX CAU - CONG NGHE XAY DU'NG
nghiem vdi song EI2 va SH3, gia trj dp lech tu'Ong Cmg la 1.87% va 4.73%. Tuy nhien, gia tri dp lech tu-ong irng la 16.5% va 19.9% irng vai trirong hp'p song kich thich E115 va SH16.
Phan tich cung cho thiy, khi ket ciu ngam chiu kich thich vol cung gia trj cua dinh gia toe nen, gia toe tren kSt ciu gay ra boi song El luon nho hffn gia t6c gay ra bffi song SHW.
0,40i
nis
0,30 0.25
•0 20 0 15 O.IO- 0 05 0.0^
- E 1 2 - » - S H 3 A s l
As2
As3 05 0 10 0.15 0.20 Pe ak acce leration (g)
0.40i 0.35 0 30
§ 0 . 2 5
is 0.20
£ 0 1 5
go.io
"^0.05 0 00-
-
• - E17- » - S H 8 A s l
As2
As3 0.1 0 2 0.3 Peak acceleration (g)
0.4O|
0,35 0.30
§ 0 . 2 5
1*0.20
^ 0 1 5
i o i o
"'O.OS 0-0l| 3
-,-
EllO1 /
1
As2
As3 0.4 0.5 0.6 Peak acceleration (g)
0.40i 0 35 0.30
§ 0 . 2 5 2? 0.20 K0.15
•P
" ^ 0 05
/ _/
1
0,5 i>eaka
- * - S H 1 6 . ' . A s l
/ / ' /
I Asl
1
/ A S S 0 6 0-7 cceieralion (g)
Hinh 20. Gia tic dinh tgi cac diim do tren kit cau ung vai cae song kich thich khae nhau 5.3. Bien dang tai cac diem tren ket cau
Hinh 21 bieu thi bien dgng ctrc dgi tai cac vj tri do tren be mat ket cau tu-ong dng vdi cac tru-dng hp'p sdng kfch khae nhau. Trong thf nghidm, tgi mot so vj tri quan trac hg thdng may tinh khdng thu du-oc tin hieu tu' cam biln (no signal).
Tiy hinh 21 cd the nhan thay: Gia tn bien dang Idn nhit tgi cac vj trf do tren ket cau tang khi dinh gia t6c sdng kich thich tang. CCng vdi moi tru'dng hop thi nghi?m, bien dang tai dinh edt hoac tai chan cot dgt gia tri Idn nhat. Tgi cac diem nay, ket ciu xu&t hi^n dong thdi ca bidn dgng udn va biln dang cat, la vj tri ylu nh§t cOa kit cau khi ket cau chju tac dgng cua kich thich dong dat. Dira vao
ket qua tren cd the du'a ra cac bi#n phap ky thugt lam giam tac dung cua sdng kfch thich dpng dat len kit cau ngam bang each tang cu'dng kha nang chju lyc tai cae vj tri dinh va chan cpt.
Tgi cac vj trf gan gde eua ban san va dfnh tu'Ong ben kit cau, biln dgng dat gia tri nhd nhat.
Dieu nay cho thay, khi chju kich thich dpng dat tai cac diem sat gde cua ban san hogc tai dinh tydng ben, ILFC uon tang them la nhd nhat.
Tgi c^c vj tri quan trac, khi chju tac dung cCia eCing gia tri dinh gia toe nen, bien dang tren kit ciu tuong Crng vdi sdng kfch thfch El va sdng SHW khdng khae nhau nhieu va biln thien khong cd quy luat ro rang.
22 Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016
K 6 T C A U - C 6 N G N G H E X A Y DU'NG
-TJ78 '-djr'72.05 S S ^ f 4.19 482.74 I 110.9 1
r - i 2 U L l - r ^ . 4 7 10 signal 54 0 16.7 . 231.3
.no sJRnal
r"35Ii Sr{7-^75.1 " - ^ ^
11.39 498.4 I 119.8 [j I I 28.56 j 113,14
124.29 no signal 159,1 60.01 231.3
.no signal 141.1 232.7
i2.5 I 138.1
f—120.92 '• I |'-r6.04 10 signal 195 6 ' i™-'fi
13,36 231.2
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Hinh 21. Biin dgng cy^ dgi tai cac diim do tren kit ciu wng voi cac tamng hgp:
a) EI2; b) SH3: c) EI7; d) SH8: e) EHO; f) SH11; g) EI15; h) SH16
Tap chi KHCN Xay dung - s6 1/2016 23
KET CAU - CONG NGHE XAY DU'NG
6. K i t luan
Bai bao trinh bay k i t qua thi nghiem sCr dung ban rung nghien CLPU i i n g xO cua k i t c i u cdng trinh ngam khi chju tac dung cua kfch thfch dong d i t . Cac k i t luan sau day d y p c rut ra tu' thi nghidm:
Khi sdng kich thfch cd gia tde dinh nhd {nhd hon 0.47g), he so k h u l c h dgi gia toe eua cac d i l m trong dat tang dan tCc day len be mat dat md hinh. Khi sdng kich thfch cd gia toe dinh Idn (Idn hon 0.96g), hp sd khuech dgi gia toe cua cac d i l m trong dat giam d i n ti> day len b l mat dat.
Khi chju kich thich cua sdng cd cung dp Idn gia toe dinh, gia toe tai ban day k i t eau la nhd nhat, tang dan d ban san t i n g tren va dgt gia trj Idn nhat tgi t r i n t i n g tren cua ket e l u . Op lech gia tn gia tde dinh tai t r i n va ban day eCia k i t c i u tang khi gia toe nen eye dgi eua sdng kich thfch tang.
B i l n dang tai vj trf dfnh va chan opt dgt gia trj Idn nhat so v d i cac vj trf cdn Igi tren k i t cau. Tai cae vi tri gan tu-dng ben va ban san b i l n dang xuat hien cd gia tn be n h i t .
T A I L I E U THAM KHAO
[1] Lida H, Hiroto T, Yoshida N, Jwafuji M. "Damage to Daikai subway station", soils and foundations, special issue on geolechnical aspects of the 17 January 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu Earthquak.
Japn Geotech Soc 1996:283-300.
[2] Yoshida N, Nakamura S (1996). "Damage to Daikai subway station during the 1995 Hyogoken-Nunbu earthquake and its investigation". Eleventh Worid Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Paper No. 2151 [3] Xuehui An, Ashraf A, Shawky &Koichi Maekawa.
The collapse mechanism of a s'"ubway station during the great Hanshin earthquake Cement and concrete composites 19 (1997): 241-257.
[4] N.Yoshida, and S. Nakamura. "Damage to Daikai subway station during the 1995 Hyogoken-Nambu earthquake and its investigation". Eleventh World Conference on Earthquak Engineering, 1996.
[5] Tiwatate, Y Kobayashi, H Kusu and K Rin. "In- vestigation and shaking table test of subway structures of the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake".
24
T h e 1 2 W C E E 2 0 0 0 .
[6] Zhuang Haiyang, Yu Xu, Zhu Chao, Jin Danda.
"Shaking table test for the seismic response of a base-isolated structure with the SSI effect".
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 67 (2014): 208-218.
[7] Youself IVI.A. Hashash, Jeffrey J. Hook, Birger Schmidt, John l-Chiang Yao. "Seimic design and analysis of underground structures'.
Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology 16(2001): 247-293.
[8] Zheng Yonglai. Yang Linde, Li Wenyi, Zhoujian.
Earthquake resistance of underground structure.
Tongji University Press (The second edition, 2010 (tilng Trung)).
[9] Chen Guoxing, Chen Su, Zuo Xi, Du Xiuli, Ql Chengzhi, Wang Zhihua. Shaking table tests and numencal simulaitons on a subway structure in soft soil. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering 76 (2015): 13-28.
[lOJGuoxing Chen, Zhihua Wang, Xi Zuo, Xiuli Du, Hongmei Gao. Shaking table test on the seismic failure characteristics of a subway station structure on liquefiable ground. Earthq Eng Struct Dyn 2013;42(10):1489-507.
[11]Guoxing Chen, Haiyang Zhang, Xiuli Du, Liang Ll, Shaoge Cheng. Analysis of large-scale shaking table test of dynamic soil-subway station interaction. Earthq Eng Eng Vib 2007;27(2):171-6 (tilng Trung).
[12]Jiang Luzhen, Chen Jun, Lijie. "Seismic response of underground utility tunnels: shaking table testing and FEM analysis". Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 9 (2O10);
555-567.
[13]Robb E. S. Moss, Steven Kuo and Victor Crosariol. "Shaking table testing of seismic soil- foundation-structure-interaction". Geo-Frontiers, ASCE 2011, P 4 3 6 9 ^ 3 7 7 .
[14]Ji Quanqian. "Shaking table testing on underground subway station structures". Ph.D dissertadon. China: Tongji University: Shanghai, June 2002.
[15] Code for seismic deign of buildings DGJ08-9- 2013.
Ngay nhan bai:28/12/2015.
Ngay nhan bai s u a lan cuoi: 29/02/2016.