Thiet ke noi that Khong gian bep

K l t N TRUC Npi THAT & MY THUAT

Thiet ke noi that Khong gian bep - Quan diem va Giai phap bo cue khong gian tu Chau Au

TS.KTS Vu Hdng Cuwng

Bip la khdng gian khd thiit ke nhat trong nha d-Vi trang thiit bi da dsing va phuc t^p cQng vdi khu vyc che biin, luu tru phii dfivc sip xip thinh mgt tong thi hgp ly vi m$t thf giio cung nhu cong nang.

Theo thing ki, moi ngiy cd tor hon 360 cac ho9t d^ng, quy trinh vi "hinh trinh"

dugv thyv hi^n trong cin bip. Tinh Uong vdng 20 nam, khoing 2.6 trieu cic hoat d^ng kiiu niy diin ra.

Mgt s6 quan diim va giii phap trong thiet ki n^i that khdng gian bep d Chau Au se li bai hgc kinh nghidm huv ich doi vdi cic KTS, c^c nhi thiit ki n^i that va ngudi

si> d^ing li cdc gia dinh W^t. Hinh L Chan hip phn bii'ii Intng cdc gia dmh I lit thai bao cdp

Sep trong ngdi nhd cua ngudi Viet cd sy djch chuyin vd phdt triln tu thd so tdi hidn dgi, song song vdi sy phdt triln cac "cdng nghp" sdn xult nhidn lidu dun n i u nhu. CQi, rom rg; than; d i u ; di$n; ga tdi hdng ngoai va didn tu' nhu ngdy nay. ChQng ta, nhung eu dan dd thj Idn Vidt Nam mdi chi lam quen vdi khdi nidm tO b i p - edi thay t h i cho chan de bdt dua vd dd dn trong nhung thdp men 90 cua the ky 20.

Dupe du nhdp cung vdi nhilu cdng nghp mdi tir cdc nude phdt trien, d i n nay, tQ bep cung nhu khdng gian b i p trong edc ngdi nhd Vipt da trfl' thdnh bfl phdn quan trpng hang dau, phdn dnh chit lupng cuflc sdng. Khai

nipm "khu phy" gIm bep, khu vd sinh dang chuyin hda va dugc nhan th&c Igi - vipc s& dyng cdc thilt bj hidn dgi trong khdng gian b i p ndi neng vd nha d ndi chung cdng trd ndn c i n thilt.

Nghidn e&u cdc trilt fy trong thilt k l b i p eua mflt so hang ndi t h i t Idn hdng d i u Chdu Au nhu SieMatic, Blum,... eho thiy quan ni$m v l khdng gian bep cd nhilu dilm khdc bidt. Trudc hit, b i p Id khdng gian md - Vdi mue dfch gidi phdng lao dpng thuflc logi "eye nhpc" trd thdnh nghp thudt n l u nudng d l y edm xQe. Khdi nigm md d- day dupe hieu mflt cdch todn dipn, md cd v l c l u true khdng gian, md ed v l t l m nhln cua ngudi sQ' dung. Ngudi nfli trp, da phin Id chu nhd khdng cdn bj gidi han bdi ede bO-c tudng kin, hay cdc he tu trudc mdt md cd t h i quan sat dupe cae khdng gian lan cdn nhu phdng dn, phdng khdch hogc nhln ra mflt khodng vudn bdn ngodi. Do vdy, khai nidm "ddo b i p " dupe sang tgo va ung dyng khd p h i biln vdi

"toa khdi" (may hut mCil) dupe treo thing Idn t r i n . D i l u nay dupe cdc KTS xem nhu mpt cuflc edeh mgng trong thilt ke khdng gian bep vd cung Id gidi phap hdng dau cho nhi/ng ngdi nhd cd dli dieu kipn ve dipn tich.

Quan dilm thu hai trong thilt k l bip d Chdu Au cd phin doi ldp vdi cdc quan dilm tnjyln thong cua Vidt Nam. Bip la trung tam cQa ngdi nhd. Bip mang s& mpnh k i t nli tir edc thdnh vidn

Hinh 2. Ddo b^ trong thiet keeua SieMaac (CHLB Due) Hinh B Bep ma Idng kha

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1, il^H 1

I>r~0i^Bl Jl ^I

Hinh 4: Bep cung Id nai lhiq> khdch vdi ban dn ket hpp ddo b^ (thiet kd cua SieMaac)

X K i o u l H a

KHUGUTRI>« K H U N A U Hinh 5- Tam ffoc cdng nangb^ tir nhmgOigp tain 50cua Aeky 20

trong gia dinh cho d i n khdch qu^ hay ban be. Khdch than thilt eua gia dinh ed t h i dupe ddn tilp ngay tgi tiep n l u vdi sy tham gia eua mot bdn an gdn liln vdi ddo bip.

Vdi quan dilm ndy, khi thiet k l bep, ngudi Chdu Au thudng dat no tgi trung tdm cua ngdi nha hoge can hd tgi nhung vj trf md b i p cd co hpi md thdng vdi phdng an, phdng khdch hay sdn vudn. Khd nang tuang tac vdi cae thanh vien trong gia dinh, khdch vd bgn bd dupe day len t i l da. LQc nay ngudi "ddng b i p ' ngodi viec n l u nudng don thuan cd t h i nham nhi ehut rupu vang vd "kdu gpi° sy ho trp cua cae thanh vien khdc. Thdng qua nhi>ng hdnh vi chuan bj, e h l biin d6 an cung nhau ngudi ta hoan todn tgo dupe cdc co hpi chia se tinh earn, trdch nhipm trong gia dinh.

Vdi nhung quan dilm ndu tren, cac hang n$i thit ehuydn v l khdng gian bep da dua ra r i t nhilu giai phap nfli thit, tCr linh kipn phy kidn, trang thiet bj, c i u tgo cho tdi vgt lipu. B i p dd thyc sy trd ttidnh mflt nghien cdu khoa hpe vdi nh&ng thilt k l thdng minh h&u dyng va rlt thIm my.

Ly thuylt ve "tam gidc cdng ndng" trudc ddy ehia b i p thdnh 3 bd phdn chinh. Tu Ignh, chdu n>a vd bep n l u . Vdi tdng chilu ddi 1;^ tudng cQa 3 canh tam gidc khodng 3,6m den 7,2m. [2]

Hipn nay, cdc nhd thilt ke eua SieMatic hay Blum d i phan chia cdng nang mflt edch ehi tiit vd cy t h i hon. Hp thing hj Bip duyc chia thdnh 5 khu:

1. Khu d l thyc phim 2. Khu d l d l dung dyng eg 3. Khu rua

4. Khu chi biln 5. Khu niu

twu Bt muc PHAM KHU B£ OO DDNG DUNG CU KHU RITA KHU CHE BIEN

innh 6 So dd klid'ig ^laii hdp 5 klui ua ciui Bhm, (Cihi^ !l,n, Aoi

Cae khu ndy bo tri lien hodn d l tao thdnh quy trinh nhd b i p thudn tidn nhlt cho ngudi su dyng vdi cae dgng b l cue eo b i n nhu bep ehu U, bip dgng ddo bip, dgng song song, dgng ehu L, dgng chu G vd bep thang

Khdng gian b i p Id mflt hg thong lidn tyc va phuc tgp. D l don gidn hda vd tdi uu hda, ede thilt k l b i p tidu chuan Chdu Au thudng ehia nhd ed h# thing tQ bip thanh 5 khu vyc neu trdn vdi cae module tu ed chilu rflng t& 1,2m; 0,9m, 0,6m; 0,45m d i n 0,3m. Trong moi module tQ

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B £ P DANG CHJJ SONG SONG

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B^PDANGTKANG

b i p da tieh hpp s i n cdc linh phu kipn hipn dai nhu: ray kdo ty dflng, gid ke d l dd da nang, gioang chdng I m chdng va cham, tay eo thuy Iyc,... Cd t h i ndi rang ti>ng eentimet trong tu deu dupe tgn dung tdi da vdi ngdn kdo ch&a do gidi phap c l u tao ray dge bidl Idm cho ngan kdo ed t h i md ra todn phin tan dyng dupe nh&ng khodng khdng trong cung. Vdi mdi chue ndng khac nhau, chieu cao ehilu rflng cac ngdn keo cd t h i dupe phdn chia d l chua

Itoi da ede dyng cy ho|c do dQng.

Hinh ' ft ikiiig id hap hep L

-hinh kich cii khiiting dinig ^o

Gid treo da ndng Id mdt gidi phdp ddc quyln cOa SieMatic Nd eho phdp tgn dung thdm cdc khdng gian trong tQ vd ngay d mgt sau cQa cdnh tu, hon n&a gia treo cdn cd ray td d l tdng cudng khd ndng tinh hogt eiia kich cd gia vd Idm tang cung, tang khd ndng chju Iyc eho cdnh.

Ngodi ra, cae elu tgo gioang cao su ngan an cho cac khoang tQ, d l cao su vd chdn tang giam d ddy tCi. Vdt li§u HDF cudng dp cao dugc phQ melamin vdi cdng nghd hdn khi eac canh ndi Id nhung gidi phdp hCru hidu cho dieu kidn mdi tnrdng cd d0 I m cao nhu Hd Nfli Mdi bd phan cua tQ bip deu ed eac gidi phdp cy t h i vdi myc dich sir dyng tdi da khdng gian bdn trong tu vd thuan tidn nhit cho ngudi su dyng.

LQc ndy, cdng viee thilt k l bip chi don gian la td hpp cdc module da cd theo quy trinh ehuc nang 5 khu vyc phQ hpp vdi hinh dgng mdt bdng cy t h i . Ngay cd vipc kich thude hipn trang cd t h i Id (khdng Id bfli sd cua cdc module) thi nha sdn xult cung cd sSn cac tam I p phy ddm bao thIm my vd ddng bp vdi todn h$ thdng.

Hinh 9. Gid treo da nang - thiet ke SQC quyen a SieMatie

"nip thu cdc kinh nghidm vd sy ehuydn nghidp trong thilt k l khong gian bip tii Chdu Au edc nhd thilt k i Vidt Nam cung cin bd sung vd kit hpp cdc ydu elu ddc tnj>ng lidn quan tdi nhdn trie hpe, khi hdu, vdn hda ...

d l ung dyng vd Idm eho "cdng nghd ndi thit nhd bip Chdu Au" trd ndn thich ung vdi cdc dilu kidn tgi Vi$t Nam.G

Tii li^u tham khio:

1. Joseph De Chiara. Julius Panero.

Martin Zelnik (1994). Time-Saver Standards For Interior Design and Space Planning'Vol.2, McGraw-Hill, Singapore.

2. Chris Grimley. Mimi Love (2013). 'The Interior Design Reference + SpeciUcation Book". Roekport Publishers. USA.

Hinh 10- Cdc Module tu cao chua do khd (SieMatic)

Hinh 11. Cdc Module tii thap chua do (SieMatic)

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Hinh 12. Cdc Module tu treo chua do (SieMatic)

Hinh 13: He thong cdc logi Module tu cua SieMatic