Nang cao tinh tfch cu'c
hoc tap mon Toan cua sinh vien nam thiJ nhat TrU5ng Dai hoc Tai chmh - Quan tri Kinh doanh
DINH THl KIM NHUNG' DO VAN QUAN"
Tom tat
Thdng qua khdo sdt y kii'n cua 200 sinh vien K6 thudc cdc ngdnh ddo tgo cua TrUdng Dgi hgc Tdi chinh - Qudn tri kinh doanh. bdi vii't la ki't qud tim hieu ve mffc do tich cffc hgc tap vd yi'u td phuang phdp gidng dgy dnh hudng tdi mffc do tich cffc hoc tap mdn Todn cao cdp cua sinh vien ndm thff nhdt cua TrUdng. Ki'l qud nghiin cffu cho thdy, mffc do tich cffc hgc tap mdn Todn cao cdp cua sinh viin ndm thff nhdt tgl Trudng la rdt thdp. Ben canh do, sinh vien dong tinh vdi phuang phdp dgy hgc theo nhdm giup sinh viin tich cffc hgc tap cao han nhieu^
so vdi phuang phdp truyin thdng Id thuyet tr'inh vd gidng gidi. Tff do, bdi vii't di xudt mgt sd gidi phdp nhdm ndng cao tinh tich cUc hgc tdp cua sinh vien ndm thff nhdt. Iff dd, gdp phdn ndng cao chdt lugng ddo tgo cho Nhd irudng.
Tff khoa: tinh tich cffc hgc tap, mdn lodn. sinh vien ndm thff nhdt. TrUdng Dgl hgc Tdi chinh qudn tri kinh doanh, dgy hgc nhdm
Summary
Through a survey of 200 students of 36''' batch in University qf Finance and Business Administration, the study is to assess the situation of positive learning and elements of teaching methods that infiuence freshmen's positive leaming level in Advanced Maths. The results show that the aforementioned level stays low. In addition, students are pleased with teamwork method that promotes them to learn more actively than the traditional methods of presentation and explanation. From those findings, a number of solutions are proposed to improve freshmen's positive leaming. thereby contributing lo enhancing training quality of the University.
Keywords: positive learning. Maths, freshman. University of Finance and Business Administration, teamwork
G\6\ THIEU CO sd LY THUYET VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CLTU
D I ed nhieu smh vidn hang hdi tham gia vdo qud
trinh hpe lap mdn Todn eua sinh vien ndm thff nhd't la Cd sd ly thuye't mdt van de dat ra cho cde giang vien giang day mdn Tinh iich cue
Todn cao ca'p lai Trffdng Dai hgc Tai ehinh-Quan tri Theo Tran Bd Hoanh va cdng sff kinh doanh. Bdi vied nhffng sinh vidn da^xdc dinh dffdc (2003), tinh tieh cffc la trang thai lam muc tieu rd rdng khi bffdc chdn vdo cong trffdng dai ly the hidn thai do "tieh cffc dd'i vdi mdt hpc, nhffng ben canh dd, effng cd khdng it sinh vien cdng vide nao do. Cd tinh tich effe se ehffa xde dinh dffdc mue dich hpc tap, chffa lap dffdc ke gidp cd nhan chii ddng vd co nhffng hoat hoaeh hpe tap eho ban than, ddn den ket qua hpc tdp ddng nhdm tao ra sff bie'n ddi hang hai khdng dffdc nhff mong mudn. Vi vdy, de nang eao tinh nhiet linh ddi vdi nhidmvu, edng viee' lieh cffc hoc tap eua sinh vidn, thi giang vien edn van Trong cudc song, linh ticb 'crfc thffdng dung hdp ly cdc phffdng phdp giang day, dac biet Id cdc sff dung la ehi thai dd ciia chii ihd' trong phffdng phap giang day tieh effe. hoat ddng eiia minh, cd thC- xem nhff la
, ", Khoa Toan tin - Trrfdng Dai hpc Tai chinh - Quan tri l^inh doanh
Ngdy nlidn bdi: 20/11/2019: Ngdy phdn bien: 20/12/2019: Ngay duyei ddiif; 23/12/2019 122
mdt bid'u hien hodc mdt dd'u hidu ben ngoai ciia tinh tich effe.
Tinh tich cffc hgc tap cda sinh vien ^ Tinh tieh crfc lipc tdp cd nhffng bieu hien gdn vdi cac didn bie'n tam ly, sinh ly, sinh hoc bdn trong cd th^ va nhffng bieu hien hanh vi bdn ngoai ed thd' dd dang nhan tha'y bang quan sat trffe tie'p lidn quan de'n nd Iffc ea nhan, hffng thu say sffa vdi vide hpc, sff chu dpng, san sang vffdt qua cdc khd khan trd ngai nhdm dat thdnh tich eao trong hpc tap (Tran Thu Hffdng, 2007).
Theo ehung tdi, tinh tieh effe hpc tap Clia sinh vien la mdt pham ehd't tam ly ed nhdn cua sinh vien thl hidn d nhdn thffe sau sac y nghTa, tlm quan trpng ve muc dich hpe tap, sff san sang, chii ddng, nd Iffc vffdt khd cua sinh vien trong hoat ddng hoc tdp nhdm dat kd't qua cao ddp ffng muc lieu, yeu clu dao tao cua nha trffdng.
Mffc do bieu hiin tinh lich cffc hgc tap cua sinh viin
Theo G. I. Sukina (1973), tinh tieh cy-e hoat ddng tri tud cua hpc sinh dffde bieu hien bdi cac da'u hidu sau: (i) Khao khdt, tff nguyen tham gia trd Idi ede cau hdi cua gido vien, bd' sung cae cau trd ldi cua ban, thich dffdc phat bie'u y kid'n ciia minh v^ vd'n de neu ra; (ii) Hay neu thac mae, doi hdi giai thich can ke nhffng va'n de giao vien ttinh bdy chrfa du ro; (iii) Chu ddng vdn dung linh hoat nhffng kid'n thffe, ki nang da hpe de' nhdn thffc cde vd'n de mdi; (iv) Mong mudn dffcfc ddng gdp vdi th^y, vdi ban nhffng thdng tin mdi la'y tff nhflng nguon khae nhau, cd khi vffdt ra ngoai pham vi bai hpe, mdn hpc.
G. L Sukina (1973) cdn phan bidt nhflng bie'u hidn cua tinh tich cffc hpc tap ve mat y chi nhff: Tap trung ehu y vao vd'n de dang hpe, kidn tri lam cho xong cac bdi tap; Khdng nan trffde nhffng tinh hud'ng khd khdn; Thai dp phan ffng khi chudng bao hd't tid't hpe: tie'e re, cd' lam cho xong hoae vdi vang ga'p vd ehd dffde lenh ra chdi.
Theo Tran Ba Hodnh vd cdng srf (2003), tinh tich crfc hpc tap cua hpc sinh dffde bie'u hidn d sff khao khat hoe hay neu thdc mac, chu ddng van dung, sff tap trung ehu y, sff kien tri vffdt mpi khd khdn de' dat mue dieh. Tinh tich effe hpe tap drfdc the hidn d eac mffc dp khde nhau do la: tdi hidn, tim tdi, sang tao. Cac tdc gia^da ehi ra iffdng dd'i diy dii cdc thanh phdn tam ly ciia tinh tich effe hpc tdp, tuy nhien, hp ehu ye'u di sdu nghidn cffu 6 Iffa
BAMG 1 : K E T Q U A K H A O S A T VE f^&C DO TICH CllC HQC T A P nofi TOAN CAO CAP
Dan V TT
1 2 3 4 5
Mffc dQ tich crfc hoc tSp mdn Toan cao c^p Ban than hang hai tliam vai) moi hinh thu'c hoc tap Ban than hoan thanh nhffna bai tac difcfc aiao Dpc them va lam them cac bai tap khac Hieu bai va trinh hay lai noi dung bai hpc theo each riens cua minh Co hiTng thti trong hpc tap mon Toan cao cap
RSt khdng dSne V
12.3 17,4 25,3 19,5 23,3
KhSng dSosv 23,2 38,3 41,2 17,4 37,6
Trung 30.1 21,1 22,4 32,4 30,7
D^ng 25.4 15,6 10,3 20,1 15,8
Rat 9 7,6 0,8 10,6 6,6
T^ng 100 100 100 100 100
ludi hpc sinh phd thdng, chff ehffa di sdu nghidn effu nhffng bid'u hidn tinh tich cffc hpc tap cua sinh vien.
Phrfdng phap nghidn ciJu
De' tim hieu ve mffc dp tich cffc hpc tap va yd'u Id' phffdng phap giang day anh hffdng tdi mrfc dp tich cffc hpc tap mdn Toan cao ca'p cua sinh vidn ndm thrf nha't Trffdng Dai hoc Tai chinh - Quan In kinh doanh, nhdm lac gia khao sdt y kien bang bang hoi trffc tiep ddi vdi 200 sinh vien K6 thude cae nganh ddo lao cua Trffdng vao thdng 12/2018.
KET QUA NGHIEN c C u
Bieu hi^n ve mtfc dd t'ch ctfc trong hoc t§p mdn Toan cao cap thdng qua hanh vl hpc tSp trdn ldp
Ke't qua khao sdt d Bang 1 cho thd'y, mffc dp tich effe hpc lap mdn Toan cao cap cua sinh vien ndm thff nhat tai Trffdng la ra't tha'p, eu the' ty Id sinh vien hoan thdnh bai tap dffdc giao Id 23,2%, cdn ty Id sinh vidn dpc them va lam thdm bdi tdp ehi Id 18,3%. Bang 1 eung cho tha'y, ty le sinh vien khdng thd' hien rd lap trffdng trong viee ddnh gia mffc do lieh cffc hoc t | p mdn Todn cao ed'p la eao hdn so vdi cdc cdt khae. Dieu dd chrfng td, nhieu sinh vien ehffa xae dinh muc tidu ro rang trong vide hpe ddn ldi thai dp hpe Id la, ddi phd.
Ye'u to' phtfdng phap giang day anh htfdng tdi mtfc dd ti'ch ctfc trong hoc t0p mdn Toan cao c3p
Kd't'qua khdo sat d Bang 2 eho thd'y, ly Id sinh vidn ddng tinh vdt phffdng phap day hpc^theo nhdm giup eac em tieh cffc hpc tap eao hdn nhieu so vdj phffdng phdp truyen thd'ng la thuye't tnnh va giang giai.
KET LUAN VA MOT SO DE XUAT
Ke't qua nghien effu eho tha'y, mffc do tich cffc hoc tap mdn Todn cao ca'p eiia sinh vien nam thff nhd't tai Trffdng la rd't thd'p. Bdn canh dd, sinh vidn ddng tinh vdi phffdng phdp day hpc theo nhdm giup cdc em tich effe hpe tap eao hdn nhieu so vdi phffdng phdp truyen thd'ng la thuye't trinh va giang giai. ^
Tff dd, nhdm tae gia de xud't mot so giai phdp nham ndng cao tinh lich cffc hpc tap cua sinh vien ndm thff
123
BAMG 2: KET QUA KHAO SAT VE YEtJ TO PHCiONG PHAP GIAtiG DAY ANH HtidNG TCJI Mdc DO TICH cdc HOC TAP MON TOAM CAO CAP
Dm VI
TT 1 2 3 4 5
PhiAAig phap gjang day anh hiidng t6i mi¥c dO tich ci^c hoc t^p m5n Giiing vien thuyet trinh gnip ban tich ciTc hoc tap
Giang vi6n giang giai vi du giup ban tich cifc hoc tao
Giang vien lo chiJc hpc tap theo nhom Giang vi6n cdi mS than ihien giup ban tich ctfc hoc tao
R£^t khdng d6ns V
35,6 32,3 13.^
10,2 9,1
Khong d^ng;^
30,2 37,5 15.1 11,7 11,5
Trung
14,3 12,4 17.8 15,6 15,6
Dong y 15.8 13.2 42.3 36.2 44,4
Rfi't d6ng
4,1 4,6 II 6 26,3
35 T^ng
100 iOO 100 100 100
nhdt. Iff do, gdp phan ndng cao chd't Iffdng ddo tao cho Nhd trrfdng, cu the' nhff sau:
Dd'i vdi Nhd trffdng:
- Quan tdm de'n cd sd vat eha'l trang thie't bi de cdng vide giang day va hpc ldp dffde thuan Ipi nha't. Xay dffng thff vien them da dang cae loai saeh tham khao, sdeh bdi tap, he thd'ng edu hdi, bai tap trac nghidm cae mdn Todn, gidp sinh vidn cd nhieu ngudn tham khao phue vu cho vide hpe tdp.
- Phdi ddng, khuye'n khich cae hoat ddng ngoai khda eho sinh vidn, md them cdc edu lac bd hpe nhdm di sinh vien phdt huy tinh than iff hpc hoi ldn nhau, nang cao ky nang lam vide nhdm va hpe lap hieu qua hdn dffdi sff dan dat eua gtang vien bp mdn.
Do'i vdi gidng viin:
- Can eff vdo ndi dung tffng bud'i hoe theo kich ban va van dung linh boat vide phan bd' thdi gian eho tffng npi dung hpe tap iffdng ffng vdi phffdng phap giang day phii hdp. Chii trpng vide gidm thdi gian thuye't trinh thay bang thdi gian hoat ddng nhdm phu hdp.
- Lrfa chpn chu de thao luan nhdm theo ffng dung Ihrfc tidn Clia mdn hpe. De nang eao tinh lieh cffc cua sinh vidn ndm thff nha't trong vide hpe tap mdn Todn eao ed'p, tbi vide lffa ehpn chii de thao luan la rat can ihie'l.
Chu de thao luan cd Hen quan dd'n ffng dung thffe tiln cua mdn hpc ludn gay dffdc srf phd'n khdi, hao hffng dd'i vdi sinh vien, dd la tien de de sinh vidn tich cffc tham gia vao qua trinh hoe lap va tim hieu kie'n thffe
- Trong qua trinh gi:ng day. g'^ng vidn can cd nhffng lac r""'"^ sff pham can thid't, nhmig bdn canli do cdfi gan gui, Chan hda va cdi mdw^- '•intiyidnde vide hpc tdp va tie'p thu kid'n thffc^drfdc the' hien trong khdng khi tff nhien va thuan ldi nha't.
- Tao dilu kien hoc tap moi luc, mpi ndi bang Srf ke't hdp hieu qua mang xa hpi cho vide hoe tap. Vide hoat ddng hpe tap theo nhdm ed the' ket hdp vd tan dung thdi gian ngodi gid ldn ldp bang nhffng ffng dung ctia mang xa hdi, nhff: zalo, facebook... Gtang vien can chu ddng ehud'n bi chii de thao luan nhdm cho tffng chffdng va thdnh lap cdc nhdm trao dd'i kie'n thrfe ve ndi dung chu de bdng viee khai thac ffng dung Clia mang xa hdi, dd' tan dung dffde thdi gian ngoai gid len ldp vao viec hoe tap.
Ddi vdi sinh vien:
- Tham gia chuyen can cac budi hoc day dli va dung gid, vi ehuyen can (di hpe day du) cung la mdi ye'u td' anh hffdng de'n ke't qua hpe tap cae mdn Todn Clia sinh vien.
- Xac dinh dffdc muc tieu hpe tap ro rang de' ed thai dp va y thffe hpe tap td't, iLf dd sinh vien se bie'l each phan phd'i, sap xd'p thdi gian hpc tap, vui chdi, Idm them mdt each hdp ly.
- Chii ddng lien he, tham gia mdt so' nhdm hoe tap trong Trffdng dd' hpc hoi trao dd'i^kinh nghidm hpc tap ldn nhau, tang kha ndng giai cde bai tap trdn ldp vd ky ndng hpc nhdm cua ban than.
^ - Tich cffc hdp tdc va ed tinh than trach nhiem dd'i vdi nhffng bai tap hoac nhffng ehii de kie'n thffc eiia eac mdn Toan md giang vidn giao eho. Dieu do gnip sinh vidn nam bd't dffdc ndi dung kidn thrfe mdt each hidu qua nhd't.Q TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. G. I. Sukina (1973). Vdn de hffng thu nhgn ihffc trong khoa hoc Pidn dur (No ,^ 5 x/- r^-- dich), Trffdng Dai hpe Sff pham Ha Npi 1 ^ '""' ^'""^ •' ''^S^Ven Van Dien
2. Tran Ba Hoanh, Le Trang Dinh, Phd Dffc Hoa (20011 4n/^/„^„-/^„ • L ,• I
Tam ly - Giao due hoc, Nxb Dai hpc Str pham * ' ' " ' ' ' ' ' " " * ^ •""'"'' '"'' ''"^ "•<"•« " - S "
3. Nguyen BS Kim (2017). Phuang phap day hoc mon Todn, Nxb Dai hoc SK ph im 4. Tran Thu Hrfdng (2007). Tinh tich ciTc hoc tap ctia sinh vien Trtfdng Dai ho^ Khoa hnn Y5 hpi va Nhan van, Top dll ram (j Ape, so 10, tr 54-58 ' "^'oa hoc Xa 5,Nguy5nThiNgpcXuan(2016) PMthuytinhtichcitchoctapcuasinhvi6nttong>i,., ho.- • - tam ly hoc, giao due hpc dai cuang, Tap chi Van hoa - Gido due - Nghe Ihuat. so 23, thi • IBlMu ' " ° °
6, Millennium Project (2009). Global Challenges for Humanity, access t(D v.
projecI.org/mrllennrum/challenges.httnl [accessed May 2010] ""'lennium- 124