MOT CACH TIEP CAN MOI DE XAY Dl/NG MANG CAM BIEN AM THANH THONG MINH KHONG DAY
Ilodng Nhclt Huy, Nguyen Viet Tung
Trung te'im Nghii'ii cini epidc lc MICA, Trudng DHBK Hd Ngi
\
Tom tdt:
Bed hdo ndy gidi thieu mgt cdch tie'p can mai, sir dung mdy tinh tren bd mgch BeagleBoard, de .\dy dinif^ mgng cdm bien the'mg minh. Voi BeagleBoard ta cd thi phdt trim ceic niit cdm bien ve'ri nhiiu khd ndng luv hicn_ kluic nhau nhu: thu thdp vd tiin xir li tin hieu, truyen thdng. Mdt irng dung sir dung cdch tiep can ndy di xdy dung mgt mgng cdm bien am thanh thdng minh khong ddy cung etugc trinh hdy.
Abstract:
The objective of this paper is to introeluce a new approach in constructing smart sensor networks using BeagleBoard, a small, low-power, and low-cost single-board computer With the BeagleBoard as .sensor nodes, a wide range of processes can be implemented with great flexibility, e.g. network cominiiniceition or signal processing. In order to illustrate tk
previous point, a smart wireless sensor network for sound signal has been built using the BeagleBoard and will be presented in die paper.
I. MO D A U
Bdi bdo nay trinh bay mdt each tiep can mdi trong vide xay dyng vd trien khai cdc cam bien dm thanh thdng minh khdng day. Cdm bidn dm thanh thdng minh khdng day dugc hieu nhu la sy kdt hgp cua micro vdi cdc md dun lien xu If vd truydn thdng khdng day.
Thu thap dm thanh Id tidn de cua rdt nhidu iimg dung trong cdng nghiep vd dan dung. Cu the nhu: he thdng do do dn ciia mdi trudng, he thdng Inch chgn va phdn loai am thanh [1, 2], he thdng giam sat ngudi diing bang tieng ddng [3], he thdng nhdn dang tieng ndi.
Trong ldp bai loan trdn, ludn cdn mdt he thdng thu thdp dm thanh da diem, he thdng micro.
Vide cdi ddt he thdng micrd thudng gap cdc vdn de ve nhieu rdt khd khdc phuc dac biet la nhidu tren dudng truydn. De khdc phuc, ta cd thd su dung day dan chuyen dung hodc truyen am thanh bdng sdng vd tuydn. Sii dung day dan chuyen dung se tang chi phf ldp ddt, bdo In he thdng, vd nhidu khd ndng dnh hudng ddn my quan ciia cdng trinh nlu khdng dugc thilt ke tii ddu. Khi sir dung am thanh truyin bang sdng vd tuyln, tfn hieu dugc truyen thudng d dang tuong ty nen cd khd ndng bi gidm chat lugng khi truyin va khoang each truyin la gidi han.
Dd khdc phuc nhimg vin dk trdn, chung tdi dl xuit gidi phdp sd hda am thanh ngay lai di6in thu sau dd se truyin tin khdng day vl noi mdy chii. He thdng micrd se boat ddng tuong tir nhu mdt mang cdm biln. Thdng lin dugc truyin dudi dang so. Moi micrd dugc xem la mgi mil cua mang cam biln khdng day. Tfn hidu am thanh tai moi micrd se dugc sd hda ngay tai micro sau dd truyen vl xir If tai mdy chii, tmng tdm cua mang. Vide truyin thdng se dugc thye hien dua tren nen tdng 802.11b/g/n va theo cdc giao thOrc tren TCP/IP. Cach tilp can nay se han che vdn de nhieu trdn dudno truyin. Bdng cdch sir dyng mang khdng day Wifi 802.1 Ib/g/n viec
Bdi bdo dugc trinh bay nhu sau. Kiln tiiic cua he thdng se dugc trinh bdy trong phin 2. Phin 3 se gidi thieu chi tilt viec sii dung BeagleBoard frong viec triln khai nut cdm biln vd xdy dyng mang cdm biln khdng day thu thap dm thanh. Phdn 4 md td mgt irng dung thu thdp dm thanh da diem frong nhd sir dyng mang cdm biln cua chiing tdi. Bdi bdo kit thiic bdi kit luan va hudng phdt triln (phin 5).
H. KIEN TRUC HE THONG
9 .
Mang cdm bien am thanh khdng ddy thdng minh gom cdc nut cdm biln vd mgt may chu (Jiinh la). Cdc nut cdm biln ddng vai trd thu th^p am thanh, so hda, xir li thd so lifu, kit ndi va fruyln thdng vdi mdy chii theo cdc giao thirc djnh san. Mdy chii ddng vai trd luu trii dir lieu, ket ndi va quan Ii mang cdc mil cdm biln, giao tilp vdi ngudi diing.
Hhih lb tiinh bay bo h-i cdc micrd yong mgt can hg phyc vy iing dyng hd trg cham sdc ngudi gid ttr xa [4]. Day cimg la so dd mat bdng tai dd chiing tdi se hiln khai he thdng.
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Nut cam biin (client) Phaneunff- Micro Wifi +
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a. Kien tmc tong qudt cua mang cam bien am thanh thong minh khong day.
b. So do lap dat cac micro thong minh trong mpt du in ngoi nha thong minh ho trg cham
soc tir xa [4].
Hlnh 1. Kien true tong qudt ciia hf thing
m. MANG CAM BIEN
Mang cam biln am thanh thdng minh khdng day dugc thilt kl theo md hinh client-server dam
bdo nhilu client hoat ddng song song va dgc lap vdi nhau. Toan bd he thdng, mdy chu vd mit
cam bien, dugc triln khai tren nen he dieu hdnh ma ngudn md Linux vd cd kha nang md rgng
sang cac he dilu hanh khac. Truyen thdng giiia nut cam biln va may chu dugc xay dyng tren
giao thirc TCP/IP,
3.1 Phin cimg cua nut cdm biln
Phin hi trung tam cua mit cdm biln la bo mach BeagleBoard [5]. Day la mOt bo mach cd thi thue hien ddy dii chirc ndng dan gian cua mgt mdy tinh vdi kich thudc nhd ggn ( 7 x 7 cm).
BeagleBoard sir dung bg xii ly TI OMAP3530. Day Id sy ket hgp ciia bd vi dieu khien ARM Cortex-A8 cd xung nhip 720MHz va bg xir li tin hi?u s6 (DSP) TMS320C64x+ Cung vdi bo nhd Idn (RAM 256MB, bO nhd NAND Flash 260MB) BeagleBoard cho phdp hien khai cac img dyng nhung ddi hdi nhilu tinh todn vd bg nhd nhu cdc img dung xir li am thanh, hinh dnh.
BeagleBoard ho trg cac giao tilp vdo ra cho tin hi^u am thanh, cdng HDMI cho man hinh, cdng USB cho cdc thilt bi ngoai vi, vd SDHC cho bO nhd ngodi sir dung thd nhd SD thdng dung (Error! Reference source not found.).
Nhirng dac dilm nay 1dm BeagleBoard phii hgp cho vi?c nghidn cim va phdt hiln thu nghi|m cdc h? thong nhung tien tiln cho cdc I6p bdi todn khdc nhau dac bi?t Id cdc bdi toan xiiTi am thanh vd hinh dnh.
Hinh 2. BeagleBoard vd cdc kit noi ngoai vi [6]
3.2 Phin mem cua mit cam bien
Nut cim biln c6 khi nSng hoat d$ng d$c 13p khong cin can thif p ciia nguiri dung. Nhlf m vy ciia nut cim biln Ik thiet lap ket noi vdi miy chii, thu thap tin hifu §m thanh tur micro, xv ly cic trvfrng hgp loi, thue hifn cic hviic tien xir 1^ tin hifu (I9C nhiiu, tinh cic die trung fim hge), giii tfn hieu vi kit qui xii li ve
miy chu bing kit noi khong diy Wifi 802.1 Ib/g/n ( hinh 3).
Ngudi dung ciiiig c6 the dilu khiln mit cdm bien tir xa (tam diing, chay, dimg, ciu hinh) bang
chuang trinh dieu khien tir may chii. .
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Dong thiet bj thu nhan tin hi?u tieng Dung tlui nhan tin hieu l<iii nhan lenh tu- may clu'i hofic tir nguai diina
Giri tin hi?u thu dugc Akn may chii ]
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Hinh 3. Hoat dpng ciia niit cam bien
Nut cdm bien su dung he dieu hdnh Linux cho thiet bj nhiing (md hinh sir dung phien bdn Ubuntu 9.10 ARM). De thu nhan tfn hieu am thanh, phien bdn hien tai diing micrd thdng dung vdi ddu ra 3.5mm. Tin hieu am thanh tir micrd dugc sd hoa bdi bg md hoa/gidi ma am thanh TPS65950 [7] tfch hgp sdn tren BeagleBoard vd giao tiep vdi iing dung thdng qua trinh dieu khien ALSA [8] (Tlie Advanced Linux Sound Architecture).
1. 9 9 9
Trong trudng hgp can chat lugng thu am cao ban, cdc micrd chuyen dyng ket ndi thdng qua giao tiep usb cd the su dyng.
Cd nhieu phuang phdp khdc nhau de cai ddt he dieu hdnh Linux tren BeagleBoard nhu Network File System (NFS) hodc cdi ddt tryc tilp tren the nhd SD, luc nay the nhd SD dugc xem nhu bd nhd ngodi cua BeagleBoard. Phuang phdp thu hai dugc sii dyng de cai ddt he dilu hdnh bdi linh dem gidn. Sau khi cdi ddt nut cdm bien cd the van hdnh dgc lap vdi mdt the nhd SD thdng dyng. Phuang phdp thii nhit khdng thich hgp vi vdi phuang phdp nay, khi khdi dgng, BeagleBoard ludn yeu ciu kit ndi LAN vdi mdt mdy tmh dong vai trd mdy chu trong khi do khd nang van hanh dgc lap la mdt yeu ciu bit budc ddi vdi mit cdm bien cua chiing tdi.
Hien nay, cd mdt sd phien bdn khdc nhau cua he dilu hanh Linux tren he nhiing nhu Angstrom, Ubuntu ARM, Debian ARM. Chung ldi siir dyng Ubuntu ARM [9] vi day la phien ban cd cgng ddng ngudi sii dung va phdt trien ddng ddo nhat (theo http.V/elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu).
Chung tdi da ciu hinh va dich lai he dilu hdnh vdi cdc md dun thdng dyng va cin thilt cho bai todn thu thap dir lieu am thanh vd ti-uyin khdng day nhu: trinh dilu khiln giao tilp vdi usb Wifi, trinh dilu khiln giao tilp vdi chip ma hda/gidi ma dm thanh, cdng cu ciu hinh kit ndi khdng day Wifi 802.11 b/g/n.
3.3 Phin mim cho may chu
May chu dugc cdi ddt tren mdy tinh cd nhan, sir dgng h? dilu hdnh Linux, vdi nhigm vu nh|n tin hieu dm thanh giri tdi tii cdc nut cam biln, phan tich tin hi?u nhan dugc, sau dd luu trii tin hieu vd kit qud phdn tich (Jiinh 4).
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Hlnh 4. Hoat d^ng ciia mdy chii. Md dun phdn tich tfn hifu (hinh 6 van miu xanh) Nhu da ndi d tren, mdy chu ciing cho phdp ngudi dung quan \^ dieu khien cdc nut cam bien dang van hanh. Mac khdc, mdy chii hiln thj trang thdi hoat dgng hien tai cua cac nut cam bien. Cdc thdng tm dugc hien thi la tinh trang 1dm vi|c, ket qud phan tich tiirc thdi.
Giiia cdc mit cam biln va mdy chu cd sy dgc lap trong van hanh. Neu nut cim bien chua hoat ddng, may chu se dugc dat vao trang thdi chd kit noi. Nguge lai, khi may chii chua van hanh hodc gap sy co, cac niit cam bien se ty dgng tam dimg va kilm tra lien tuc de cd the ket nii lai vdi may chu.
IV. KET QUA THU' NGHIfiM
9
Ket qua xiir li tin hieu d mdy chu se dugc luu trii dudi d ^ g XML vd dang WAV cho tm hieu am thanh nh|n dugc iing vdi timg mit cam bien. Ngudi diing cd the su dyng cdng cu Transcriber dl xem ddng thdi tm hieu va kit qua xu li dugc luu trir (Jhinh 5a).
May chu cung cd giao dien dk qudn 1^ dilu khien cdc client dang vfui hanh ddng thdi hien thj trang thai cua cdc client theo thdi gian thye (Jiinh 5b).
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VI. KET LUAN VA HU'O'NG PHAT TRIEN
Bai bao nay da trinh bay vide su dung BeagleBoard de xay dung nut cam bien am thanh thdng minh khdng day. Mdt mang cdm bidn phuc vu vide thu thdp am thanh phan tan dua tren giao thiic TCP/IP ciing da dugc xdy dyng. Viec irng diing BeagleBoard trong xay dyng, triln khai cdc nut cam bien da chung minh Id co nhilu uu dilm nhu: khd ndng md rgng vd khd ndng tfnh todn cao, thdi gian trien khai ngdn. Vdi md hinh client-server, he thdng thir nghiem da van hanh dimg ydu cdu ddt ra. Niit cdm bien boat dgng dgc lap tren BeagleBoard thu nhdn tfn hidu va giri vl may chu qua mang khdng day. May chu xir ly tfn hieu vd hiln thi thdng tin theo thdi gian thye ddng thdi qudn ly cac nut cam biln noi tdi.
Trong thdi^gian tdi chiing tdi se triln khai phien bdn Linux cho he nhiing dugc xdy dung vdi muc tieu hd trg cho chip DSP sir dung nhdn Linux OMAP [10]. Dilu nay cho phep cdi thien tdc do xu ll ciia cdc bdi todn xir If am thanh, hinh dnh phiirc tap. Tilp do chung tdi se cdi ddt cdc thudt loan trich chgn cac thdng sd am thanh len DSP ciia BeagleBoard.
Ldi cam on
Trong bdi bdo nay chiing tdi sir dgng mdt sd kit qud ciia dk tdi KC03.15/06-10, nghien ciiu thiet ke che lao cdc thidt bi vd he thdng ty ddng hda thdng minh sii dung tuong tdc ngudi-mdy bdng tieng ndi trong dieu khien. Chung tdi xin chdn thdnh cdm on cdc thdnh vien cua dk tdi nay vi nhung ddng gdp ciia hg trong ndi dung bdi bao ndy.
TAX LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Dan Islrate, Eric Caslelli, Michel Vacher, Laurent Besacier, Jean-Frangois Serignat:
Information Extraction From Sound for Medical Telemonitoring. IEEE Transactions on Infonnation Technology in Biomedicine 10(2): 264-274 (2006).
2. Cong Phuong Nguyen, Thi Ngoc Yen Pham, Eric Caslelli: Toward a Sound Analysis System for Telemedicine. FSKD (2) 2005: 352-361.
3. Dan Islrate, Eric Castelli: Multichannel Sound Acquisition with Stress Situations Detennination for Medical Supervision in a Smart House. TSD 2001: 266-272.
4. Bk tai GERHOME, http://gerhome.cstb.fr/.
5. Beagleboard home page, hltp://beagleboard.org.
6. Beagleboard system reference manual, Rev C3, May 6, 2009.
7. TPS65950 Integrated Power Management/Audio Codec, Silicon Revision 1.0 Data , Manual, Texas Instruments, October 2009.
8. D I tai ALSA, http://www.alsa-projecl.org/main/index.php/Main_Page 9,5^BeagIeboard Ubuntu ARM, http://elinux.org/BeagleBoardUbuntu 10. Linux OMAP, http://www.muru.com/linux/omap/