NGHIEN CCfU-TRAO Ddi
THQC HIEN CHINH SACH KHEN THl/dNG CHO NGl/dl LAO DONG
PHAM THU THUY
Ngudilao ddngdirpcxem li dSi tupng cin cd chinb sicb quan tim diydi baa trongxibdi, die biit li chinb sicb viihuyin khich, ldi cudn, ddng viin, khen thudng cho nhiing cdng biai (^ hp ddi vdl cdng ddng. Bii viit cbi trpng tim biiu vi cblnh deb cbo ngudi lao ding dii/ctr^ng cdng tic khen tbirdngcbo ddi tufmg niy vidi xuit nbdng giii pbip ddlvdicdng tickben tbirdngcbo ngudi lao ddng biin nay.
Tirkhda: Ngudilao ddng; chinh sich khen thudng; Luat Tbi dua, khen thudng.
There should be more comprehensive pohcies for employees, especially tbe policies of motivation, engagement, encouragement, and reward for employee's contributions to the community. Tbearticle studies die poUdes for employees, tbe status oftbe employee reward, and proposes solutions for the employee reward at present
Key words: Employees; reward policy; Law on Emulation and Commendation.
NGAYNH^: 18/3/2020 NGiYPHANBl6N,DANHGlA: 15/4/2020 NGAYDUKtT: 15/5/2020
1. Vi ehlnh sieh khen thufing dfii vfii va ci nhin la ngufii true tiip Igo dfing, sin ngufii Igo dfing xuit, hpc tap, cfing tie hoae ehien diu, phue
Chinh sieh khen tiiuong (CSKT) dfii vfii vu ehien diu".
ngufii lao dfing (NLD) li nhiim vu duac Tuy nhien, dufii gfie dfi nghien ciru eho Bing, Nhi nufic ta quan tim siu sic va tten thay, eieh hieu va khii niem ve dfii tuong thuc ti, viec thi dua, khen tiiuong (TDKT) NLD vin efin nhieu y Hin khic nhau va ehua cho NLD da gfip phan "tgo dfing luc Ifii eufih, cfi dinh nghia chinh tiifing.
khuyin khich moi ci nhan, tap thi phat huy Theo quy dinh cua Bp luat Lao dpngnim truyin thfing yiu nufic,... hoan thinh tfit 2019, NLD la: "nguoi lam viee eho ngufii sir nhi^m vy duoc giao" quy dinh tgi Dieu 1 dung lao dfing theo thoa thuan, duoe tra Luit TDKTnim 2013 (sira dfii, bo sung), luangvichjusuquinlydieuhanh.giimsit Trin eo sfi dfi, CSKT doi vfii NLD ciing duoe cua nguoi su dung lao dfing" (khoan 1 Diiu quy pham hfia tai khoan 2 Dieu 3 Nghi djnh 3). NLD 6 vi tri va each nhin nhan nay la sfi 91/20I7/ND-CP ngay 31/7/2017 cua nguoi tiig, nguoi lim efing an luong, dong Chinh phu quy dinh ehi tiet thi hanh mflt sfi
diiu eua Luit TDXT, ttong dfi ve nguyin tic * ThS, Ban Thi dua Khen thuang khen: "Chu ttong khen thuang tap the nhfi Tmng uang
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gfip lao dfing, ehuyen mfin, no luc lam ra sin pham, thufing thfing qua hop dfing lao dfing, nhgn cfing theo sin phim.
Trong mfii tnrong efing vu, mfii truong quin ly eug bfi miy nhi nufie, NLD efi thi hiiu la nguoi khfing giir chue vu lanh dgo, duac tuyen dung lam viec, theo hpp dfing hogc trong bien che, huong luong tir ngan sieh nha nufic, hirong luong tir don \i sy nghiip vi li ci nhin tryc tiep thue hien cic nhiim vu dupe giao. O mfii trufing lim viic nay, NLD tuan thu theo quy ehuin eua thii hie hinh chinh vi chiu su ring bufic boi phap luit ehuyen nginh. San phim eua ho mang tinh tri tue va "diu rg" ciig san pham li cac vgn bin thgm muu eho dfii ngu lgnh dgo, quin ly co quan nhi nuoc, eie y tufing doi moi ttong cai eich, tfi chire bp miy nha nuoc, cic cfing viee mang lgi hieu qui Ifin cho xa hpi nhu chim sfic ngufii benh, dieu ehi thuoc, gin giu van hfia cpi ngufin dan tfic.
Cich nhin nhgn ve NLD trong trufing hap niy eung de phin biit voi ngiroi gifi "chirc vy lanh dao", la nguoi efi chire vu, dupe hirong phu cap lanh dao, thuc hiin nhiem vy quan ly, diiu hanh, phan cfing cfing viec, quan ly NLD ttong CO quan, dan vi.
Cung cfi the nhin nhin fi gfie dfi khic ve khai niem NLD: khfing ehiu su ring bupc boi ngufii chu sir dung lao dpng, khfing nhin lucmg tir hp, bfii diy la nhirng dfii tuong lao dpngtydp,nhirng ngufii thuin tiiy lam nong nghiep, hogc nhimg eg nhin lao dpng mang tinh chit tinh nguyen, thien nguyen, khfing tinh din loi nhuin hoae cfing luong. Sin phim lim ra eua dfii tupng niy la sin vat, nfing sin phue vu true tiep eho doi sfing eua hg, thoi gifi lam viec khfing phu thupe vio khufin phep, ring bufic eila hop dfing hoae cic quy ufic lao dpng.
Voi nhieu gee dp tiep can eho thiy, cfi sy khac nhau giira Bp luit Lao ddng ve khii niem NLD va cie nghien ciiu khac. Do do, khi thye hien CSKT dfii vfii del tupng nay
cfing cin cfi su thfing nhit de khen thufing
"dung ngufii, diing viec, dung ebii truang, chinh sich" vi NLD. Dya vap tinh chit cfing viec, mfii tnrcng lim vi$c, ehi dfi dai ngfi, sy rang bupc bfii cic quy dinh phap lugt, cfi tiii dug rg khii niem: "Ngufii lao dfing li eie ei nhin trong dp tufii lao dfing, lam vifie trye tiep ttong eic mfii truong khie nhau, dupc huong luong, thu lao xilng dang ttr nguod quin ly lao dfing, tu cfing sire lao dfing cua bin thin". Nhu vgy, NLD cfi dSc diim d$c thu: (1) Li nhtrng ngufii tivc tiip lim rg cua eai, sin phim vat ehit, tgo ra nhirng gii tti tfit dep eho dfii sfing con ngufii. (2) Duqic nhin thu lao, tien cfing, hoa lpi tir efing siic lao dfing eua ci nhin. (3) Chiu sy ring bufic trong lao dfing bfii cic quy tic, quy phgm phip luit; dong thoi chiu sy quin ly, giim sat, kiim soit, dinh gia bfii nguoi sii dyng lao dflng, ngirfii quan ly eip ttin. (4) Khfing phin biet gifii tinh, din tpc va dang trong dp tuoi lao dpng.
Di thye hiin viee ehu trpng khen thufing eho NLD tren thue ti, cin thiet lam ro khii niem nay tgi Luaf TDKT. Day cung li can cir phip ly virng chic de khen dung ngufii, diing viec, dung thanh ti'eh. Dfii tuang NLD dupc xem li dfii tupng yiu thi trong xa hpi, ein dupe quan tam, dfing vien, khich 1^ bing nhieu hinh thiie khie nhau. Do dfi, khii niem de xic dinh doi tupng khen li NLD ein duoc lam rfi de kip thfii thfii tfin vinh gii tti cong Men cua doi tupng dang chiem sfi dfing trong xa hfli hiin nay.
2. Thyc ttgng chinh sich khen thufing cho ngufii lao dfing bi^n nay
Nghi dinh sfi 91/2017/ND-CP ngiy 31/7/2017 cua Chinh phii quy dinh ehi tiit thi hinh mflt sfi diiu eua Luat TDKT, hufing din vi nguyen tie khen tiiuong danh cho dfii tiipng ngufii uire tiip lao dfing, sin xuit, hgc tip cfing tie hoSe ehiin diu, phye vy ehiin diu mpt bufic tiin lon,thihiensyefing bing trong viic xem xet cac doi tugng khen
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thufing. Nguyin tie nay thi hiin sy uu tien, mi ii trong khen tiiuong, tfin vinh dfii vfia NLD. Tuy nhiin, chinh sich duoc quy phgm hoa niy dang tfin tgi eie bit cap ehua dap ing duge tten thye ti. Dufii gfie dp quan ly nhi nuoc, CSKT eho NLD dang dat ra nhiing vin di vi xie dinh doi tupng, hfi so, thu tiic, diiu kiin xet khen, cu the nhu sau:
Mfit li, chua cu the bda cic quy dinh ve ddi nrpng khen thudng li NLD dethuc hien khen tten thifc ti.
Hi$n nay, Luit TDKT nim 2013 chua de egp din nguyin tic vi chu ttpng xit khen dfii vii NLD, mfii chi di cap trich nhiem cua ngufii filing diu trong viee: "phit hien, xiy dyng diin hinh tiin tiin li cfing nhin, nfing din, ngufii lao dgng 6 eic thinh phan kinh ti di khen thufing hoic trinh cip tren khen thufing" (khoin 4 Diiu 83). Do ehua cy tiie bia doi tugng khen vi nghien ciru cu thi ve djc tiiii ciia dfii tugng nay, din den cae bfi, ban, nginh vi dia phuang cfi eieh thiie tien hinh, tiiye hi$n khen eho doi tupng li NLD mfit eieh khie nhau, khfing theo mflt quy chuin ey thi.
Hai li, vudng mic chua duac giai quyet ttong qui trinh xet khen tiiudng cho NLD vi hiso, trinh tif, thu tuc va cic dieu kien dixit khen thudng.
Vi?e tiin hinh khen thuang cho NLD dinh cho ci nhin ey the, boat dfing trong nhiiu linh vyc liin quan den dpi song xa hfli.
Khie vfii eie hinh tiiue khen thufing khic, day la nhtmg hogt dpng mang tinh dac thti, die bi?t, ip dung cho dfii tugng li NLD, li nhiing ngufii tryc tiep tgo ra cua eai, vit chit cho xa hfii, tgo ra sin pham bang ban tay, khoi fie, tu duy eiia minh. Ttr dfi, hinh thiie vinh danh dfii vfii dfii tupng niy cung cfi sy khic biit vfii cic dfii tugng khac. Chi cac hinh tjiire khen ea nhin mfii dupc ip dyng cho Oufeng hgp khen NLD, cfin eae Mnh thiic khen, vinh danh dinh eho tap the khfing thufie dfii tirgng khen nay.
Do dae thu efing viec, nMeu trufing hgp, NLD khfing tiyc tiep lim ttong mfii truong ciia mfit ca quan, to chirc hogc khfing biit den cie hinh thirc tM dug, cic dpt phit dfing tM dug de thyc Men nMem vy thi dua vi dang ky tham gia tM dua. Vi vgy, khi xet hfi so khen thuong doi voi cic dfii tuong niy, cfi thi khfing day du ve hfi so theo quy dinh nhir bin dang ky tham gia tM dua, eic xic nhin Hfii dong xer khen thuang cae cip dfii vfii thinh tieh ma hp dgt dupc. Thinh tich duge khen eiia NLD nhieu ttufing hpp li nhtrng gia tri ve tinh than, cfing hiin cho xa hfli do cflng dfing dan cu, do nguoi din ttyc tiep tfin vinh. Do dfi, da cc nhixng hgn che, vufing mie eua co quan nhi nufic khi thyc hien trao tang cic danh Ueu TDKT dfii vfii cie tnrong hgp niu tten ttong qua ttinh xem xit hfi so de de nghi khen thufing.
Ba li, su cdng bing trong xem xit, kiien thudng ddi vdi NLD, tao nin gii tri lan tda cpng ddng.
NLD vin fliyc su li doi tupng thupe yiu thi ttpng xa hfli, hg cin dugc tfln vinh nhtrng gia tri, vai ttfl ttong cong Men cho cflng dfing, gop phin bio dam sy phat triin cua nin kinh te va vai ttfi Ifin ttong viec lam ra eiia eii vgt ehit cho don vi, eug dat nuoc, qufie gia.
NLD la doi tugng cfi mat trong nhiiu nginh nghe, linh vue lao dpng khie nhau, cfi ea khu vye efing vi tu, do dfi, can efi sy mim deo, linh boat de ap dyng khen tiiuong, bao dam cfing khai ve tiifing tin, cfing bing trong xet khen thuong, gfip phin tgo mim tin eho mfii ei nhin, tir dfi tiep tue dfing viin, khuyin kMch sy phin khoi, hgng hii, no lue thye Men nMem vu.
3. Di xuit g i i phip thyc M$n cfi M$u qui chinh sich khen thufing dfii vfii ngufii lao dfing
Thu nhit, ting cudng su lanb dao, chi dao cua cic cap, cac nginh, chd trpng diuc hien CSKT chp NLD co thinh tich xuit sic.
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CSKT, nhit la khen thirong eho dfii tugng yeu the ttong xa hfii duge Ding, Nha nuoc quan tam, cM dao xuyen sufit qua nMiu vSn kien, cM thi va efi tfing kit, dinh gii Miu qua tiiyc Men ttin tiiye ti. CM tin sfi 39-CT/TW ngay 21/5/2004 eua Ban Chap hinh Trung uang vi viee "Tiip rue dfii moi, day mgnh phong ttio tM dug yeu nufic, phit Men, bfii dirong, tfing kit vi nhgn dien hinh tien nen", yeu ciu eic cip uy, tfi chiic Dang, thu trufing CO quan, don vi phai true tiip lanh dao, ehi dgo cfing tic thi dug. Di dfii vfii eie phong ttio thi dug li cfing tie khen thuang kip thoi, dung nguoi, dung viic, tao nin dfing lye cho ca nhan, tfi chue hang hai sin xuit, lao dpng, cfing Min. Tuy nhiin, thuc te Men nay dang diin ra tai mfit sfi bfi, nginh, dia phimng ve dfii tugng khen li lanh dgo cMim phin Ion, thuong dupc "uu il" hon khi tiin hinh xit khen, do dfi, tiip tuc tang cuong sy ehi dgo, lanh dgo cua eip uy Ding eie eip, cMnh quyin fi cic co quan, dgn vi ttr trung uong din dig phuong ve khen thufing eho NLD.
Thdhai, hpan thiin cac quy dinh phip luitblin hinh vikhen thudngchc NLD.
Luit TDKTsau 13 nam thye Men, duge siia dfii, bd sung nMiu lin, den nay dang tiin hinh du thio de tiep tue sua dfii, bo sung hoin tM?n. Theo dfi, cac mfii quan he mfii phit sinh ttong thyc tiin, nhtrng yeu ciu vi dfii mfii, cai cich, hpi nhgp cin duge ngMin cim, xem xet de efi eie quy pham dieu ehinh phu hpp, trpng dfi can chu trpng khen thuomg din dfii tupng yeu the ttpng xa hfii, nhit li dfii vfii NLD.
Di dfii vfii viec hoin thiin cac quy dinh mang tinh ehat nguyin tie khung tgi Lugt, cic van bin dufii Luitean hufing din ro, eU tiet, eu the vi tieu chuin, diiu kien, hfi so, diii tiie dfii voi NLD kM xet khen tiiuong. Ve tieu chuan vi hfi so, ttinh tii thuc Men can don giin hfig cic bufic de tien hanh nhanh gpn, trinh Igm dyng thoi gian, quyin lye
ttong qui ttmh thyc Mfin khen thufing dfii vfii dfii tirgng li NID. Theo quy dinh ehung, cfi khi nMiu tiiinh phin ttong hfi so xit khen cho cic danh Miu tiii dua nhu: vin bin di nghi khen ttiufing, bio cio tiiinh rich ci nhin, biin bin xit khen thufing, chirng nhgn cua eg quan quin ly cfi thim quyin dfii vfii phit muih, sing chi, sing kien, ling dyng Hin bp khoa hgc - cflng nghi boac sing tic, sing tgo... Tuy nhiin, dfii vfii dfii tugng li NLD, si mit nMeu thoi gian, cfing sue vi khfi khan kM dip irng diy du cie thanh phin hfi so nfii tten. Do vgy, cin rinh din tinh die thu vi sy mim deo ttong hfi sa xit khen dfii vfii NLD. Ngoii ra, ein rfi rang, ey thi kM xic dinh dfii tugng li NLD di tifin hanh xit khen, bio dim thfing nhit giira dfii tugng, hinh thirc khen, kit hgp chat che dfing viin tinh thin vfii khuyen khich bing lgi ieh vgt ehSt, bio dim nguyin tie binh ding gifii, khong phin biit NLD lim vific trong mfii truong cfing, tu, dfi tuoi ttong TDKT.
Thu ba, phit hien, nhan rdng diin hinh tien tiin t^o ddng luc lan tda trong khen thudng ddi vdi NLD.
Mflt ttong nhiing ttich nhiim cua co quan tfi chue, dgn vi thuc Men phong ttio thi dua vi tfi chire khen thufing la phit M$n guong diin hinh tien tiin, nhan rpng diin hinh tien tiin, dflng vien, kMch le mgi ngufii tieh eye lap dflng, san xuit, hpe tip va chiin diu, Hogt dgng niy nhim tgo nen siic lan toa rfing Ion ttong cpng dong, niu guong nhtrng ci nhan, nhit la nhtrng NLD efi thanh tieh tieu bieu xuat sic di kip thoi tfin vinh nhiing efing Men eug hp doi voi xa hfii. Cfing tie xiy dyng dien Mnh tien tiin phii duge tiiyc Men til eg sovi cM dgo thire Min dfing bfi tot ca 4 khau: phit M?n - boi duong - tfing kit - nhan dien hinh tien tiin.
De lan toa guong nguoi tfit viec tfit, lao dfing tfit ttong xa bfii, cin di cao ttich nMem eua nguoi diing diu co quan, dan vi.
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NGH16N cau-TRAO 0 6 l thfin, ling, ip bin ttong viic tfi chire eie
phong ttio tM dua, gin Uen va tMet thue vfii lao dfing, sin xuit, dfing thai tfi ehuc cic dgt tfing kit, dinh gii, phit Men gugng diin hinh ttong lao dpng, hgc tip, cong tie. Da dang hfia cic phuong tien tuyen tmyen vi TDKT, nhit la chinh sach eua nha nuoc dfii vfii khen tiiuong eho NLD de cie ei nhin, to chiic dugc tiip can thfing tin rpng rai, chinh xie. Bin cgnh dfi, cin phfii hpp tfit giira eg quan quin ly nha nufic ve TDKT tir trung uong din dia phuang vfii cac co quan truyin thong, bio chi de kip thoi tuyin truyin ve cic ei nhin, nhit la NLD duge khen thuong, ton vinh, tao dpng lye chp cac ca nhan, tp chire khic trong xa hfli hgc tip, lim theo, phit huy.
niiitu, cic coquan quan lynha nudc ve cdngtic TDKTcd trich nhiem thudngxuyen spkit, tdng kit, danh gii vi doi mdi cich lam, cich td chdc thuc hien phong U:io TDKT.
Sau mfli dpt phit dfing phong trio thi dua, CO quan quan ly nha nufie vi TDKT can nghiem tuc dinh gia, tong kit nhirng kit qua dgt dugc vi nit kinh nghiem de doi mfii eieh lam, eich thuc Men nhim phit huy han nfia siie mgnh doan ket, truyin thfing yeu nufic, nang dpng, sing tgo cua mfii ci nhin. Nhat li dfii vfii NLD a cae thanh phan Hnh te, moi Oiifing, don vi, co quan khic nhau, ein dupc tuyen tiuyin, phfi biin rflng rai ve eae phong trao tili dua, de khuyen khich hg tham gia tu nguyen nhim dat duge thinh ti'eh xuat s4e, lam can cu khen thuong, tfln vinh. Doi viii nhtrng nguoi lim cfing tic TDKT, ean chii dOng nim bit thfing tin, ning cap nghiep vu chuyen mfin vi efi huong din eu thi ve thii trie, hfi sa dfii vfii NLD kM duge khen nhim tao diiu kiin, rut ngin thcii gian toi da, de kip thai khen thufing kM cfi de xuit khen.
Thunim, de xuit khuyen khich bing lpi ich vit chit phd hpp khi thuc hien khen ddi vfii NLD.
Song song vfii viee ton vinh, bleu duong NLD cfi thanh tieh duge khen la viec khuyin khich lgi ieh vat ehit tuong ung. Voi nguyen tie khen thuong phii bio dam ti'nh kip thoi, cUnh xic nhung eung ein efing bing va dung quy dinh. Do dfi, cic hinh thiie khuyin kUch ve vit chat doi vfii NLD tuong ling danh Meu dugc khen cting can lam ro va phii hgp quy dinh. Khen thuong la su tfin vinh tiiu biiu, xuit sic, khfing nin tiin hinh tiin lan, vo can eu ma cin eo tieu chuin cu the kM xet khen. Cu the, dfii voi cac hinh thue khen thuong dinh eho ea nhin li NLD, ein quy clinh rfi tgi van ban quy pham phip luat ve lgi ieh vat chat ma hp nhan dupe di dfii voi mtrc khen. Diy li can eu phip ly quan trpng de NLD nhgn thiic dupc nhtrng lgi ieh di kem khi dirpc vmh danh, tap them niim tin, dpng luc di eie ei nhin phan diu, ren luyfin vi hang say lao dpng, ccng Men eho xa hfii.
NLD ttcng xa hpi phat triin Men dgi cin dupc cpi trpng vi li dfii tirpng cin eo chinh sach dieu ehinh phu hpp, tiong dfi efi chinh sach vg khen thuong ein ban hanh kip thoi, efi ttgng tam. Mae dii ttong tiioi gian qua, chu truong cua Dang, cae van ban eiia Nha nufic qua eic tiiin ky deu cfi dieu ehinh ve CSKT doi viii NLD, song chua day du va can cu the hfia, quy pham hfia cM tier, phu hop di efi ein eu phap ly thyc Men tten thue tiinD
Tii hiu tham khio:
1. Luat Thi dua, khen thudngnam 2013.
2. Nghi dinh so 91/2017/NB-CP ngiy 31/7/2017 cua Chinh phu quy dinh chi tiet thi hanh mdtsd dieu cua iuat TU dua, khen thudng.
3. Bio cio Tong kit phong ttio thi dua yeu nudc vi cong tic khen thudng 5 nim (2011 - 2015), phuonghudng, nhiem vu giai doan 2016 - 2020 ciia Ban Thi dua - Khen tiiuong Tmng uong H. 2015.
4. Chi dli sd 39-CT/TW ngay 21/5/2004 ciia Bo Chinh tri ve tiep tuc doi mdi, day manh phong ttio thi dua yeu nudc, phit hien, bdidudng, tdng kit vanbin dien binh tien tien.
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