DAC DIEM QUA TRJNH THU HOI DAU TRONG OA MONG GRANIT NOT N§ VA CAC GIAI PHAP TRIEN VONG 0^ NANG CAO THU HOI DAU CHO THAN DAU MONG M6 BACH HO
TS. Tran Le Ddng KS. Pham Anh Tuan KS. Le Dinh Lang XNLD Vietsovpetro
TOM TAT
Bai bao de cap ve viec nghien cffu, danh gia he so thu hdi diu va xac dmh cac phuang phap nang cao thu hdi diu ed then vong cho than diu mdng md Bach Ho - ddi tugng khai thae chii yeu ciia md va la than diu Idn nhat tren them luc dia Viet Nam hien nay.
Ket qua nghien cffu thi nghiem cho thay cae dac diem ciia qua trinh thu hoi diu trong da mdng lien quan tdi cau true bat dong nhat ciia da. Tu ngam mao din ciia nude ed vai trd quan trgng ddi vdi hieu qua cua qua trinh bam ep nude va duge khang dinh qua su vugt trdi eiia he sd day diu do bam ep nude la 0,650 so vdi 0,350 eua bam ep khi va cho thay bam ep nude la mot phuang phap duy tri ap suit via cd hieu qua nhat ddi vdi than diu mdng.
He sd thu hoi diu ciia than diu mdng da duge danh gia bang cae phuang phap khac nhau theo:
• Ket qua nghien cffu he sd day diu ket hgp vdi dac diem phan bo ciia cac ddi nfft ne Idn va ddi da vi nut ne qua md hinh dia chit.
• Phuang phap thdng ke.
• Ket qua tinh toan theo md hinh khai thae. Sd lieu tinh toan cho thay trong dieu kien bit ddng nhit eao eiia than diu mdng, he sdthu hdi diu tiem nang do bam ep nude dat gia tri trong khoang 0,341-0,395.
Van de nang cao thu hdi diu cho than diu mdng nfft ne Bach Ho dugc xem xet tren ca sd cac dac diem eiia qua trinh thu hdi diu, dac diem dia chat va cac gidi han ve kinh te - cdng nghe cua cae phuang phap tang cudng thu hoi diu khac nhau. Tff day cd the thay rang cae giai phap nang cao thu hdi diu tdi uu nam a viec dieu chinh che do bam ep va ap dung cac phuang phap tac ddng thiiy dong hoc nham ddng deu hda su dich chuyen ciia nude bam ep, nang eao he sd quet.
GIOI THIEU -••'-•'•''\ -.-"^
Than dau trong mong nut ne - hang hoc la mot ddi tyong khai thae chij yeu cua mo Bach Hd va cho de'n thdi diem hien nay day van la mot than dau ldn nha't tren them luc dia nude ta. Than dau cd dang khdi vdi chieu day hon 1500m, khep kin va khdng cd nude day nen viee bom ep la van de tat yeu nham duy tri ap suat via. Bom ep ni/dc vao mdng da diroc bat dau tir nam 1993. Oa mdng dac trung bdi eau true phire tap va mCre do bat ddng nhat cao, do dd viec nghien eCru dae diem day dau, eac yeu td anh hudng de'n hieu qua bam ep ni/dc va danh gia tiem nang thu hdi dau la mot trong nhiing van de rat can thiet nham gdp phan vao viec xae djnh eac giai phap nang cao thu hoi dau (THD) ed then vong, phu hgp vdi dieu kien edng nghe khai thae thire te eua md.
TINH BAT DONG NHAT VA OAC TRlTNG DAY OAU TRONG OA GRANIT NOT N £
La ke't qua tac dpng eua mdt loat qua trinh khae nhau nhu eo nen nhiet cua khdi macma, ehuyen ddng kien tao, hoat dong cua nhiet dieh va phong hoa nen eau true khdng gian rdng eua da mdng granit niA
Hoi nghj KHCN 2000 "Nganh Dau khi Viet Nam tnfdc them theky 21'
ne md Bach Ho dac trung bdi mirc do bat ddng nha't cao va phUe tap hon nhieu so vdi eac loai da chCra dau khi truyen thd'ng. Tdng hgp ket qua nghien cUu ca'u true tren m i u Idi hien ed eho thay da mdng thude dang nUt ne - hang hoc vdi cac thanh phan chfnh trong khdng gian rdng sau (Hinh 1):
• NCrt ne - hang hoc ldn (cd dp md tU 80-100 micromet trd len) chiem ty phan de'n 0,28 trong tdng do rdng cua da d ddi nirt ne.
• Khdi matrix vi nut ne nam ke can vdi cac mit ne Idn ed dp rdng kha Idn so vdi dp rong cua nift ne - hang hde Idn, trung binh la 3 - 4%, ddi khi dat tdi 10 - 1 2 % va cd dp tha'm nhd, thdng thudng khdng
"' qua 1 - 5md.
• Khdi da nguyen sinh ran ehac hau nhu khdng bi bie'n ddi thir sinh ed dp rdng khdng dang ke (<0,5%) va khdng tha'm.
Nhu vay, da ehura trong mdng granit ke't tinh md Bach Hd cd the duge xe'p vao loai da ed hai dp rdng dae trung bdi su khac biet rd ret ve dp tha'm eung nhu dp rdng giua nurt ne va khdi vi nurt ne. Cae nirt ne Idn la yeu td chinh tao thanh tinh tha'm eao eua da trong khi dd cae khdi matrix vi nut ne tuy ed dp tha'm khdng dang ke nhung lai chiem phan chu yeu trong kha nang chCra eua da. 0 pham vi than dau, theo sd lieu thCr via va dja vat ly gie'ng khoan, tfnh khdng ddng nhat the hien qua su phan bd xen ke eac ddi nut ne phat then manh giUa cac ddi vl nirt ne va cac ddi dae xft hau nhu khdng tha'm ed dp rdng khdng qua 1%.
Vdi mdt cau true khdng gian rdng khdng ddng nha't va phire tap nhu vay, hieu qua day dau trong da mdng do tac ddng cua bom ep phu thupc nhieu vao tfnh dfnh udt va kha nang tu ngam mao dan cua nude [3,10]. Cac nLft ne Idn vdi dp tha'm eao rd rang se la nhUng kenh tha'm chu dao cho nude bam ep dd dang xam nhap va ehay vdi mdt tdc dp kha nhanh dudi tac ddng cua gradient ap suat do bom ep. Trong cae ddi vi ntrt ne, do cd dp tha'm rat nhd nen ngay ca d gia tri tdi da cd the tao ra (khoang 0,3 atm/m), gradient chenh lech ap suat bam ep van la rat nhd -ehua du de thang duge lue mao quan va vi vay se khdng ed vai trd dang ke nao ddi vdi dau chtra trong eae ddi nay.
Hang hoc ^
Ni'ct nelan (macro) Do tha'm: den 20 D Do rdng: 0,5-1.5%
r '•• '.M\\' •'-^_ji.j_y- p.
Matrix rdn ehac Do thdin !xO Do rdng: < 0.5%
Vi ni'ct ne Do thdm 1-5 mD Do rdng: den 10 ^
Hinh 1: Md hinh cau true khdng gian rdng dac trung cua da mdng granit nirt ne, md Bach Hd Dae trung day dau va he sd day dau (r\) cua eac thanh phan eau true rieng biet trong da mdng da- duge nghien euru tren eac mau Idi dac trung cho chung. Ke't qua thf nghiem day dau bdi nude tren cac md hinh via vdi m i u chi thuan chCra cae nirt ne-hang hde macro vdi dp md nurt ne tU 100 - 500 micromet va dp tham tu 60 de'n 3100md (Bang 1) cho thay he sd day dau bdi nude dat gia trj kha eao vdi h = 0,886 d trudng
hgp nurt ne ed phuang thang durng va vai trd tfeh cue eua trpng luc len hieu qua day dau khi so sanh trudng hgp nurt ne ed phuang nam ngang ed h = 0,732.
Mdt yeu td quyet djnh su tham gia eua eae ddi vi nut ne vao qua trinh day dau bdi bam ep nude va kha nang thu hdi dau ehua trong chung la tfnh dfnh udt eua be mat khdng gian rdng. Ke't qua nghien euru tfnh dfnh udt bang hai phuang phap, ddng hpc (Amott) va do true tiep gdc dfnh udt tren m i u Idi [3], eho thay eac khdi vi nUt ne cua da mdng md Bach Ho ed tfnh ua nude kha manh vdi gde dfnh udt 9 = 53° va ehi sd dfnh udt Amott Iw = 0,87. Day la mdt yeu td thuan Igi eho su trao ddi theo ea che tu ngam mao d i n giUa dau chUa trong cae khdi vi nut ne va nude bom ep trong cac nurt ne Idn nam ke can.
Thf nghiem qua trinh tu ngam mao d i n eua nude tren cae miu dac trung eho khdi vi nurt ne trong dieu kien md phdng ap suat va nhiet dp via eho thay he sd day dau mao d i n phu thude dp rdng (Hinh 2), d dp rdng trung binh 4,3% he sd nay cd trj la 0,434. Theo Ryzhlk va Martyntsiv [11], hieu qua day dau mao d i n cdn phu thude vao kfeh thude cua khdi vi nUt ne va thdi gian. Md'i quan he nay la mdt dae trung quan trpng cho qua trinh tu ngam mao d i n trong cac khdi vi nurt ne va duge bieu thj qua td'e dp tu ngam mao d i n cua nude: a V = x^/t; trong dd: x - khoang each tdi mat tu ngam, t - thdi gian. Theo ke't qua thf nghiem, ddi vdi khdi vi nurt ne cua mdng md Bach Hd gia tri trung binh la a V = 30x10"^ cm^/giay. Cung vdi nhUng thdng sd quan trpng khae eua da mdng nhu mat dp nUt ne, dp rdng eija khdi vi nurt ne, day la mdt trong nhung yeu td quyet djnh tdc dp tdi uu cija qua trinh bom ep nude nham dat dugc hieu qua day dau tdi da cua qua trinh tu ngam mao din. Toe dp bom ep nude tdi uu ed the duge xac djnh tU tdc dp tu ngam mao d i n theo edng thuc [11]: 4 a " c '
V =
"" 0,03 L trong dd L - kfeh thude cua khdi (ddi) vi nurt ne. Odi vdi mdng, d kfeh thude cua khdi vi nurt la 3cm thi tdc dp bam ep tdi uu se la 1,2m/ngay.
Nham^ phue vu eho edng tac danh gia he sd THD cho than dau mdng chung tdi da tien hanh nghien eiru he sd day dau tren eae md hinh via duge xay dung tur eac mau Idi da mdng dai dien eho ca'u true hai dp rdng phurc tap. Ke't qua thf nghiem day dau tren 19 md hinh vdi dp tha'm trung binh ISOOmd, dp rdng 6,1%
va ty phan dp rdng macro Cmac - 0,25 da cho thay he sd day dau bie'n thien trong khoang 0,558 - 0,763, trung binh la 0,65. Trong khi dd, hieu qua day dau do bam ep khf trong truang hgp da hai dp rdng rat han che, chi dat 0,350. Oieu nay da khang djnh uu the eija bam ep nude trudc bom ep khf va vai trd cua qua trinh
T3
••(TO
0,8
0 6 -
0,4 _
0,2
0
O
o o " ^ - _ Z O J
e Y^
J o ' o
cP 0
0 0 __ g_ ^ o
' '
c
u
1
o
- '
6
1
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 Do rOng, %
Hinh 2: Md'i quan he giUa he sd day dau mao d i n vdi dp rdng
35
Hoi nghj KHCN 2000 "Nganh Dau khi VietNam trifdc them theky 21'
tu ngam mao dan dd'i vdi qua trinh thu hdi dau trong da mdng granit nut ne. Hieu qua day dau tuong dd'i thap cua khf xuat phat tU chfnh cac dac diem eua nd nhu tfnh khdng dfnh udt va mure dp linh ddng cao. Do eae tfnh chat dd, khf chi cd the day duge dau trong cac nurt ne Idn vdi ap suat mao d i n khdng dang ke va hau nhu khdng tac ddng duge den dau trong cac khdi vi nurt ne.
Tai lieu dja chat va sd lieu khai thae da cho thay mUc dp bat ddng nha't vT md kha eao eua than dau mdng. Theo kha nang eho dau san pham, toan bd than dau mdng da dugc chia ra thanh 14 vung khac nhau. Theo chieu sau mdi vung duge chia ra 16 lat cat (daylOOm) va tdng edng tao thanh' 224 khdi rieng biet trong mdng. Tren ea sd tai lieu dja vat ly gieng khoan, ddi vdi mdi khdi nay da xac djnh dugc ty le giUa cac ddi da nurt ne Idn, ddi da vi nurt ne va ddi da ran ehac (ft bj bien ddi), de phan anh su da dang cua ty le giUa cac ddi da chura trong mdng va vai trd cua chung trong thu hdi dau, he sd day dau (ri) cho tUng khdi da dugc xac dinh theo cdng thure:
•"1 = TlmicC'Cf) + ilmac^ mac
trong do: ri^i^,, T\^^^- he sd day dau trong khdi vi nut ne va trong da nut ne Idn (hai dp rdng);
C^3^ - ty phan cua ddi da nut ne macro.
Ket qua nghien curu thf nghiem hieu qua day dau trong cae ddi da chura khac nhau eua mdng duge tdng hgp trong Bang 1.
Bang 1: He sd day dau trong eac ddi da mdng
Ddi da chifa
Nut ne-hang hoc Icfn (macro) phuang thing durng - phuang nam ngang
Khoi vi nut ne-hang hoc (micro)
He so day dau Bcfm ep nUdc
0,886 0,732 0,434*
Da mong hai do rong (macro + micro) 0,650
Bam ep khi
0,820 - - 0,350
Typhan cua nut ne-hang
hoc macro
1 1 - 0,250
* d dp rdng trung binh 4,3%
He sd r|^i, eho ddi vi nurt ne dugc xac djnh theo quan he thuc nghiem vdi dp rdng (Hinh 1) cdn ddi vdi ddi da nurt ne Idn (hai dp rdng) ri^g, = 0,650 (Bang 1).
Ket qua tfnh toan cho thay he sd day dau cua cac khdi nhin chung la khdng cao, bie'n ddi trong khoang 0,100 - 0,619, trung binh cho toan bd than dau mdng la 0,549 vdi dp bao hda dau du la 0,384.
O A N H
GlA HE SO THU HOI
D A U C O ATHAN
D A UMONG
Trong viee xac djnh he sd THD, danh gia he sd quet (Es) la mdt van de kha khd khan, phurc tap, ehura dung nhieu yeu td khdng the xac djnh mdt each hoan toan tin cay, nhat la trong trudng hgp than dau mdng nurt ne - hang hde dang khdi vdi su phan bd rat phurc tap eua dp tha'm va dp rdng trong khdng gian. Cac ket qua nghien curu [2, 3, 6] deu eho thay he sd quet bdi bom ep phu thude rat Idn vao mure dp bat ddng nha't eua than dau the hien qua su bien ddi eija dp tha'm eung nhu vao dae diem cija he thd'ng khai thae nhu mang ludi va mat dp gie'ng khoan, che dp bam ep - khai thae.
Nhin chung, trong thuc te, he sd quet deu duge danh gia bang phuang phap tfnh toan tU cac sd lieu ve dp tham eua da. Theo sd lieu tinh toan qua trinh bam ep nude eua Lebedinets [8] cho md dau Malgobek -
Voznesensko - Aluirtovskoye (Nga) trong da cacbonat nurt ne ed eau true dang via khdi gan tuang tu nhu than dau mdng Baeh Hd, he sd quet trung binh cho toan bd md la 0,738. Ket qua nghien eufu thuc nghiem eua Martyntsiv [11] tren eae md hinh da nurt ne d che dp bom ep nude ndi via da eho thay he sd quet bien ddi t^ le nghjch vdi t^ sd dp nhdt dau/nudc ^o trong khoang 0,53 - 0,74, va d gia tri i^o =1.5 (cf mdng Bach Hd-^o=2,1)hesdnaylaO,74. ' - . • -M, ,.. .-:.,>,,>,.<,.-,.w Mdt trong cae phuang phap kha phd bie'n de danh gia he sd quet la phuang phap Dykstra - Parson trong dd %\1 dung sd lieu ve su phan bd dp tha'm [2, 3]. Odi vdi than dau mdng, cho den nay viec xae djnh dp tham eung nhu danh gia xac thuc su phan bd cija nd v i n la mdt van de kha nan giai va chua duge giai quyet mdt each hoan toan thda dang. Tuy nhien, cd the thay rang trong mdt pham vi nha't djnh sd lieu nghien cUu thijy ddng hpc gie'ng khoan ed the phan nao phan anh duge mure dp bat ddng nha't cua mdng.
Theo eac sd lieu nay, dp tha'm eua da mdng Bach Ho bien thien kha Idn theo dien tfeh cung nhu chieu sau trong khoang tU 5 den gan lOOOmd. Mure dp bien thien nay dugc phan anh qua he sd bien thien dp tham (Vk). Ket qua tfnh toan cho thay Vk=0,67. Theo eac bieu dd cua Dykstra - Parsons [3, 9] va Higgins - Leighton [6], tuang Ung vdi gia trj Vk nay la he sd quet bdi bam ep nude Es = 0,72. So sanh vdi eae gia trj eija he sd quet neu d tren eho thay rang day la mdt gia trj kha dae trung cho qua trinh bam ep nude trong da nurt ne ndi chung va cho dieu kien bat ddng nha't cao eua than dau mdng md Bach Hd ndi rieng. Nhu vay, vdi he sd day dau trung binh cho toan bd than dau mdng Baeh Hd la 0,549 thi he sd thu hdi dau tiem nang
bdi qua trinh bam ep nude la: Er = 0,549x0,72 = 0,395. ..i o;--. .:
Phuang phap dura tren xur ly thd'ng ke cac thdng sd dja chat - khai thae cua cae md d giai doan eud'i eung da duge sur dung de du doan he sd THD. Qua xur ly sd lieu eija mdt sd md trong da cacbonat nurt ne d Lien Xd cu, Sourgouehev [10] da thiet lap dugc md'i quan he thd'ng ke giUa he sd THD vdi eac thdng sd dja eha't - vat ly thach hpe va thdng sd eua he thd'ng khai thae nhu sau:
^ .n . . 1 . . / ^ ^ , ^ , _ 0,236xS, x S ,
0 \ '
Trong do:
<t>
^0
So
Si 2
h
- dp rdng, ty phan -ty sddd nhdtdau/nude - dp bao hda dau, ty phan dan vj - mat dp gie'ng khoan, km^/gieng - chieu day hieu dung, m '"
Vdi cac gia trj trung binh dac trung cho than dau trong mdng md Bach Hd: ^ - 0,03; SQ = 0,85; ]x^ = 2,1 ; Si = 1,4km^/gie'ng; $2 = 2,8km^/gie'ng; h = 700m, he sdthu hdi dau eho mdng la 0,341.
Ke't qua tfnh toan theo md hinh khai thae theo phuang an tdi da (3max) eho thay he sd THD dau la 0,379.
Tdm lai, qua xem xet ket qua danh gia he sd THD dau bang eae phuong phap khac nhau trinh bay d tren cd the ke't luan rang trong dieu kien bat ddng nhat eao cua than dau mdng Bach Hd, he sd thu hdi dau tiem nang nam trong khoang 0,400.
C A C GIAI P H A P P H A P N A N G
CAO HE SO THU HOI
D A UTRIEN VONG 6 MO BACH HO
Nang eao he sd THD la mdt van de ed y nghTa Idn va ludn dugc dat ra dd'i vdi viee khai thae eae md
37
Hoi nghj KHCN 2000 "Nganh Dau khi Viet Nam trffdc them theky 21'
dau khf, dac biet la dd'i vdi cac md Idn nhu Bach Hd. Ke't qua nghien curu va hoat ddng thuc tien eua edng nghiep khai thae dau khf tren the gidi da eho thay cd nhieu giai phap tang THD khac nhau cd the dugc urng dung hieu qua va phu hgp vdi cac dieu kien dja chat - ky thuat - cdng nghe rieng biet. Viec xem xet lua chgn eae giai phap thfch hgp cho dieu kien cu the cua than dau la mdt giai doan quan trpng trong viee djnh hudng cdng tac nang cao thu hdi dau eua md.
Ve ea ban, eac phuang phap nang cao THD cd the dugc chia theo mue dfeh va eo ehe tac ddng thanh hai nhdm ehfnh [7]:
• Cac phuang phap nang eao he sd day dau chu yeu bao gdm eac phuang phap tac ddng hda ly nhu bam ep khf d che dp hda trdn (khf hydrocacbon, CO2, N2), bam ep dung djch kiem, chat hoat tinh be mat, dung djch vi sinh, bam hai ndng, gay chay trong via;
• Cac phuang phap nang cao he sd quet chu yeu la cae phuang phap tac ddng thuy ddng hpc nhu: bam ep nude theo chu ky, thay ddi hudng cija ddng tham, ddng deu hda mUc dp tiep nhan nude trong cac gie'ng bam ep, bam ep polyme, phan chia nhd eae ddi tugng khai thae, khoan ngang.
Bang 2 la tieu ehuan lua chpn va dieu kien ap dung cija mdt sd phuong phap nang cao THD dugc thiet lap tren ca sd xem xet co che tac ddng va phan tfeh hieu qua eija eac phuang phap trong cae dieu kien dia chat - ky thuat - cdng nghe khai thae khae nhau. Phan tfeh bang nay cho thay hau het eac phuang phap tac ddng hda - ly de nang cao he sd day dau ke ca bam ep polyme deu khdng phu hgp vdi dieu kien nhiet dp cao va da ehua nurt ne bat ddng nha't cua than dau mdng md Bach Ho. Nhin chung, cac phuong phap nay deu ddi hdi chi phf ve hda pham kha cao va su thay ddi dang ke trong he thd'ng bom ep - khai thae. Vi vay, dd'i vdi than dau mdng Bach Hd, nang cao he sd quet la mdt van de trpng tam trong edng tac nang cao thu hdi dau.
Cae phuang phap thijy ddng hpe ve ca ban ehfnh la sur dieu chinh bam ep de nang eao he sd quet va deu cd the thurc thi tren ca sd he thd'ng khai thae - bom ep hien ed ma khdng ddi hdi cac ehi phf bd sung Idn.
Vi vay, day ehfnh la eae giai phap ed trien vpng hang dau va la djnh hudng ehiJ dao eua edng tac nang cao THD cho than dau mdng. Ket qua nghien cUu va sd lieu bom ep nuac thurc te [10, 12] eho thay d dieu kien bat ddng nhat eao eua than dau, phuang phap bom ep theo chu ky cho phep tac ddng duge den cae Idp (ddi) cd dp tha'm kem ma trude dd ehua tham gia vao qua trinh thu hdi dau, gdp phan lam tang he sd quet.
Dd'i vdi than dau mdng, he sd quet edn ed the duge nang eao thdng qua cac viec thay ddi hudng cua ddng tha'm, tdi uu hda che dp bam ep nude b tUng khu vue nham duy tri su djch ehuyen ddng deu eua ranh gidi dau - nude nhan tao trong pham vi toan bd the tfeh cija than dau, han che su vpt nude sdm trong eae ddi nurt nemanh.
Tdm lai, xuat phat tU dae trung day dau, dac diem phan bd cac ddi da ehura trong da mdng va dac diem cua cac phuang phap nang eao THD, cac giai phap quan trpng hang dau va cd trien vpng ap dung ve ky thuat - cdng nghe cung nhu kinh te de nang eao hieu qua qua trinh bom ep nude va tang THD cho mdng md BaehHd la: • ^ ;,
• Bam ep nuae vao phan day ngap nude cua than dau va duy tri ap suat Idn han ap suat bao hda, han che su tach khf vi hieu qua day dau bdi khi ddi vdi da hai dp rdng rat thap. Khdng che tdc dp bam ep nude de dam bao su djch chuyen mat ranh gidi dau - nude khdng qua 1m/ngay.
• Bam ep nuae theo chu ky: tang va giam lugng nude bom ep va lugng dau khai thae theo ehu ky, tao dieu kien cho qua trinh day dau mao din phat huy tac ddng dd'i vdi eae ddi vi nurt ne.
• Dieu chinh hudng eua ddng tha'm va can bang mat eat tiep nhan nude bang each bom cac nut hda hpc vao vung can day gie'ng khai thae va bom ep. Odi vdi dieu kien nhiet dp cao cua than dau mdng (135 -
145°C) mdt trong cac cdng nghe trien vpng la viec bam ep eac hgp eha't tao gel vd eo ben nhiet nhu GALKA, METKA hoac AKOR, v.v... de dieu chinh mat cat gieng bom ep va ngan chan eac khoang bi ngap nude trong eae gieng khai thae.
Thay ddi hudng cua ddng tha'm thdng qua viec tdi uu hda lugng nude bom ep va lugng chat Idng khai thae theo tUng nhdm gieng khoan hoae theo tUng vung.
Bang 2: Tieu ehuan lua chpn va dieu kien ap dung eae phuang phap nang cao thu hdi dau (Ngudn: Lewin & Associates, Inc, The Potentials and Economies ofEOR, FDA Report B-76/221, 4/76)
Thong so
I.Od nhdt cua dau via, cP 2. Ty trpng, °API
3. Ndng dp dau, B/AF Op rdng x bao hoa dau 4. Chieu sau via, m
5. Nhiet dp via, °C
6. Ap suat via ban dau, atm 7. Chieu day hieu dung, m 8. Op tha'm, md
9. Che dp ap nude tu nhien***
10. Mukhf***
11. Nurt ne 12. Thach hpe
13. Op khoang hoa cua nude, mg/l
Bdm hdi nong
KQT
>10
>500
>0,065
< 2000**
KQT KQT
>6 KQT Khdng hoac
yeu
Gay chay trong via
KQT 10-45
>400
>0,05
>150
KQT KQT
>3 KQT khdng hoae
yeu
Bdm CO2 d che do hoa tron
<12
>30 KQT KQT
>900
KQT
>100 KQT KQT khong ed hoac yeu
Bdm ep chat hoat tinh be mat/polymer
<20
>28 KQT KQT KQT (2600**)
Bdmep polymer
<70
>18 KQT KQT KQT (2600**) Tdt nha't <85 (tdi da: 95°C) KQT
KQT
> 20 neu day bang polymer
khong ed
KQT KQT
>20 khdng cd Khdng ed hoac khdng dang ke
KQT neu khdng nUt
ne manh KQT KQT
khdng cd hoae khdng dang ke ' ' ' ' :^
KQT KQT
KQT KQT
da cat ke't
<50
KQT KQT Ghi chu:
** Do han ehe ve cdng nghe tinh den nam 1976
*** Ap dung cho eae than dau vdi lugng dau cdn lai dang ke sau khai thae so cap .,...,-. ,, KQT= Khdng Quan Trgng •• - • •> -.. ^ \ Oe thuc hien cac giai phap tren day mdt each ed hieu qua, mdt trong eac cdng tac quan trpng la can phai tang cudng nghien euru, danh gia mure dp bat ddng nhat cija than dau va su phan bd eua ddng nude
39
Hoi nghj KHCN 2000 "Nganh Dau khi Viet Nam tnfdc them theky 21'
bom ep trong eac khu vue bang cac phuang phap nhu khao sat su djch chuyen cija nude bam ep bang cae chat ehi thj-danh dau ben d nhiet dp eao nhu cac mudi vd co: amonthioeyanat - NH4SCN. nitrat amon - NH4NO3 hoae thioeacbamid - CS(NH2)2.
KETLUAN
1. Oa mdng la da chura hai dp rdng vdi eau true bat ddng nha't phure tap d mure vi md cung nhu vT md. Qua trinh day dau trong mdng bao gdm day dau bdi nude trong eae nurt ne - hang hde Idn dudi tac ddng cua gradient ap suat bom ep va day dau mao dan trong cac ddi vi nUt ne.
2. Bam ep nude la mdt trong eae giai phap hieu qua nhat de duy tri ap suat via va nang eao thu hdi dau dd'i vdi than dau mdng. Cac phuang phap danh gia khac nhau cho thay d mure dp bat ddng nha't cao eua than dau mdng dang khdi, he sd thu hdi dau tiem nang do bom ep nude nam trong khoang 0,4.
3. Hau het cac phuang phap hda ly nang eao he sd day dau deu khdng phu hgp vgi dieu kien cua than dau mdng. Tdi uu hda che dp bam ep nude va eae phuang phap tac ddng thuy dpng hpe nhu bom ep nude theo ehu ky, thay ddi va dieu ehinh hudng ddng tha'm la nhung djnh hudng chu dao trong edng tac nang cao thu hdi dau eho than dau mdng md Bach Hd.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Tran Le Odng, Hoang Van Quy, Pham Anh Tuan, va n.n.k., Oae trffng eau triic tham ehffa eua than dau trong mdng trude Kainozoi mo Bach Ho va mdt vai trao doi ve giai phap nang cao he sd thu hdi dau.
Tap ehf Dau khf, sd 5/1998.
2. Craig Forrest P. The reservoir engineering aspects of waterflooding. AIME, 1971.
3. Latil M. Enhanced oil recovery. Editions Technip. Paris, 1980.
4. P. A. Tuan, Martyntsiv Q.F., Evaluation of fracture aperture and wettability, capillary properties of fractured oil-bearing granite, paper SCA-9410, presented at 1994 SCA Symposium. Stavanger, Nonway, 12-14 Sept., 1994.
5. Sorbie K.S. Polymer - improved oil recovery. Blackie, Glasgow & London, 1991.
6. Willhite Paul G., Water Flooding. Society of Petroleum Engineers. 1986, Richardson, Texas, 326 p.
7. H.Jl. JXoHr, BejTHHHH f.H., MapxbiHUHB C O . , O.A. TyaH, FlepcneKTMBbi M ocHOBHbie HanpaBJicHMfi padoT no noBbiineHMio HerpreomafM na MecTopo>KaeHMM "BejibiH Turp", MocKBa, >K. "He4)TOHoe xoaaficTBo", N".8, 1996.
8. Jle6enHHeLi, H . n . MayneHMe M paspadoTKa HerpraHMbix MecTopoymemiM c TpeiuMHOBaTbiMM KOJiJieKTopaMM. MocKBa. Heupa, 1997, cTp.162-166.
9. riHpcoH C U . VneHMe o HecpTfiHOM njjacre. rocTonxexHanaT, 1961.
10. CypryMCB M.Jl, KojiraHOB B.M, MaprbiHUHB C O . FaBypa, MsBJieneHHe nerpTM M3 KapdoHaTHbix KOJiJieKTopoB. MocKBa, M3ii. "He;ipa" 1987 r.
11. UajTKO n . B., MapxbiHUMB 0 . O . KapdoHarHbie KOJiJicKTopbi HcrpTHUbix aajie^eH ripMnfiTCKoro nporidda, MMHCK, 1986, p. 29-50.
12. M. H. UJapGaTOBa, M. Jl. CypryMeB: IXmoiH^ecKoe BOSjieMCTBMe na HeoMHopoMHbie HerpTfiHbie njiacTbi. MocKBa. He/ipa, 1988, crp. 5-33.
