Thuc tai ning cao hay Augmented Reahty -ARli mdt edng nghd mdi vi gin diy ngay cing duac nhic ddn nhieu hon bdi kha ning img dung rdng rai. Bii bio trinh bay cic khii mdm CO ban, kha nang iing dung cQa edng nghd niy trong ddi sdng xi hdi va dac bidt trong sin phim Miy Marketing cim xuc GDS - mdt san phim cdng nghe mdi duoc nghidn citu phit tndn tai Vidt Nam.
K H A I N I E M V E A R
Cdng nghe thuc tai nang cao (Augmented ReaUty) la mpt cPng nghe cho phep nhin tmc tiep hoac giin tidp vao thd gldi thuc; tiong dd cac ddi tupng duoc bd sung (hay nang cao) bing cie thong tin sinh ra tir miy tinh, bao gdm hinh inh (tinh va ddng), im thanh, miu vi v i cac dii lidu khac. Ndi mdt each khac, thuc tai ning cao la mpt bidn thd dac bidt cua the 0di ao trong dd cac vit the ao tao ra tii miy tinh khong thay thd hoan toin ma chi bd sung vao tiid gidi thuc.
1 Migndi'imli^wtuilitycon- ftiuum. [Aifafitcd ftoRi Migran
Augmented
\4rtiiallty environment realty
Hinh 1: Ranh g o giOa cong nghe AR v i cac cong ngh§ lifin quan [ 5 ] .
Hinh 1 mP t i su lidn quan giua cac khii nidm va su chuydn tidp giua: thuc tai - reaJ environment -^ thue tai ning cao - augemented reaUty (thuc tai tiPn thdm eic vat the ao) -> the gidi ao nang cao - augmented virtuahty (thd gidi ao tidn them eae vit thd thit) va cudi ciing la -^ the gidi ao - virtual reality, noi tit ca v^t thd deu la ao.
Ljch su" ciia cong nghe AR
Thidt bi AR dau tien tiong Iich su duoc GS. Ivan Sutherland vi sinh vien cua Dai hoc Utah, Hoa Ky thidt kd nam 1960 sii dung cPng nghP nhin xuyen (see-tiirough) dd hidn thi dd hpa 3D [1].
Mdt sd nha nghien ciru tai phdng thi nghiem Amstiong cua khong quin My, NASA, Hoc vien MIT va Dai hoc Bic CaroUna tai Chapel Hill hep tuc cic
*l/(&i NC Bien tir, Tin hoc, Ti/dong hda. Bo Cong thwng
| 5 8 | TAP CHI CNTT 8. TT KY 2 ( 5 . 2 0 1 4 )
SAN PHAM - DICH VU
nghien cim nay vao nhimg thap ky 1970 va 1980.
Ddn diu nbftng nim 1990, thuat ngii "Augmented Reahty"- AR hay "thuc tai ning cao" (TTNC| mdi duac su dung bdi Caudell va Mizell, hai nha nghien ciiu tai edng ty Boemg, tie gia cua mdt hd thdng AR giup cho cie ky thuat vidn thao tic vdi hS thdng day dan phirc tap. Den cudi nhung nam 1990, AR mdi thuc su tid thanh mot nginh khoa hpc ddc lip.
Trong vai nam gan day, vdi su phit tridn manh me ciia cie thidt hi di dpng, AR da tid thanh mdt tiao luu tien cic thiet bi cim tay (hand-held) vi deo nguoi [wearable). Gan diy nhat la su Mdn hang Google gidt thidu sin phim mdi Mnh Google Glass chay cac ling dpng AR rat h i p din nhu dieh tu dpng, tim Mdm cic dia diem thii vi quanh minh.
Cac cong ngh$ t h a n h phan va khai nigm ccf ban cua AR
Cae cpng nghp thinh phin co bin ciia AR bao gdm:
i. Men thi (Display)
Hien thi la mot trong cic ydu td quan trpng nhat ciia AR. Cdng nghd hidn thi AR bao gdm rat nhidu ehung loai thidt bi tii man hinh cim tay, miy chidu di dpng, thidt bi gin tien diu HMD (head-mounted display) ddn tindt bi chidu vio nhan eiu (retmal
display) cho phdp ngudi dimg cam nhin duoc the gidl thuc xen lin vdi cae vat the ao (Hinh 2).
2. Ding ky (Registering) vi hieu chinh (Calibrating)
Viee tidn vit thd io vio thuc tai cin cd su can chinh hay cdn goi la dang ky [registering) va dd viec nay thuc hien chinh xac cin mot co ehd iupu chinh (caUbiating) thu edng hoac tu dpng.
3. Bim chuydn ddng (Sensing 8 Tracking) Dd dim bao cho vipe cie vit the ao nim tiong tim mit luon d dung vi tri trong khong gian, can cd mot he thdng tiJ dPng bam chuydn dpng ciia diu ngudi (head-tracking) tiong thoi gian thuc.
4. Tuong tic (Interaction)
Khi d trong mPt moi tiudng di dPng kdt hop thuc va ao, viec mong tie vdi cac vat the ao tiong moi trudng thuc cin mdt co ehd dac biet nhu nhan dang cit chi hay didu khien bing giong ndi vi cac giao dien GUI truydn thdng vdi chudt va ban phim tid nen bat tipn va khPng hieu qua.
Hinh 3 mo ta mpt hp thdng AR didn hinh vdi ePng nghd hidn thi quang hoe nhin xuyen (optical see-through) [1]. Anh cua the gidl thuc qua mpt he quang hoc dupe trPn vdi anh do hpa do miy tinh
Hinh 2: CSc logi thiet bi hien thi CLB AR [4].
Hinh 3: C^j tmc mOt h$ thfing AR di^n hinh (a) vS kinh Google Glass (b).
tao la vi chieu thing vio mit ngudi. Nhd cd he cam bidn giam sat gde quay vi hudng ciia diu (head tiacker) n6n cac vat the duac chen vao luPn bim sat theo VI tri cac vit thd tiong thd gidi thuc.
L T N G D U N G C U A A R
Vdi khi ning bd sung thPng tin cho cic giac quan cila con ngudi (khPng ehi gidi han d thi giic), AR nhu mdt cdng cu thin ky lam ning cao ding kd kha ning cua con ngudi. Ong dung ciia AR la hdt site rPng rai, dpc bipt tiong quan su, y hoc vi cong
nghiep. Vi du tiong quin su, eic phi cdng ddi cic loai mu HMD cd the nhin thiy muc tidu va cac tiidng sd hen quan. Trong y hpc, cic bac sy cd the nhin thiy eiu tnic siu trong co the benh nhan khi phiu thuat. Trong cac nginh edng nghiep nhu eo khi, che tao,... cac ky thuat vien cd the nhm thay so do may chi tidt khi lip rip hoic siia chiia mpt thidt bi rat phirc tap. Cic y tudng img dung niy gin diy xuat hipn ngay cing nhidu tiong cie bp phim khoa hpc vidn tudng nhu "tion man" (Ngudi sit). Cd the ndi ling dung eiia AR la vP ban va dem lai hipu qua kinh td xa hdi rit to Idn.
Hinh 4 : Mot s6 ung dung cDa AR (hinh trSn: bo phim Ngu6i s^t - "Iron man";
hinh dutii: Ong dung trong quy ho^ch kifin trOc).
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MOT SO HAN CHE CUA AR
Li mdt cPng nghd vin cdn rit mdi me ddi vdi dai da sd ePng chiing, vi$c iing dung AR tiong thuc td vin cdn gip lit nhidu thich thitc. Do khdi lupng tinh toin de nhan dpng vit thd thi^c, bam sit, hidn thj 3D, liy thdng tin tO; bin dd sd,... tiong thdi gian thuc la cue Idn ndn nd thudng vuot qua khi ning xu ly cua cae CPU tidn thidt bi di ddng. Trong mdi trudng ngoai tidi, cic thidt bi hien thi cilng bl anh hudng nhidu bdi inh sing mdi trudng lim md cie hinh inh vit thd io. Ngoii ra, hidu qua va dd chinh xac hien thi cdn bi anh hudng bdi cic hiPu iing thi giic thay ddi theo timg c i nhin khic nhau v i kha ning ciia cac cam bidn tiacMng.
SAN PHAM GDS CTNG DUNG CONG NGHE AR
Miy marketing cim xdc - GDS (Green Di0tal Signage) l i mpt sin phim quang cio sd tuong tic ndi mang img dung cie cdng nghd hdn tidn nhu nhin dgaig ea the va cu clu (Body & Gesture Recognition) cho phdp ngudi dimg cd thd didu khien ndi dung
tii xa bing cii ehi tay minh. Ngoii ra, hd thdng cdn cho phdp chay cic iing dung thuc t?i ao VR (Virtual ReaUty) v i th\ic tai ning cao AR (Augmented Reahty) vdi muc dieh tao cam xiic khic bidt eho ngudi xem ddning cao hi$u qui quang cio. (Hinh 5).
Sin pbim GDS bao gdm mPt ddng cac l o ^ san phim quing cio sd (QCS) duoc nghiPn cim, phit tiien vi che tao tai Vidn NC Didn tii. Tin hpc, Tu ddng hda, Bd Cdng Uiuong (gpi tit li VIELINA) phdi hpp vdi cPng ty CMT Solutions. San pham GDS bao gdm 3 lopi chinh: GDS-42S la hd may quang cio tuong tic dang ciy dimg tiang bi hd thdng ca di$n tii eho phdp tg; dpng quay min hinh theo ndi dung, GDS mfni la san phim Mch thudc nhd, cd kha ning kdt ndi ddng thdi nhidu man hinh. GDS nana la san pham QCS lopi mPt chidu vdi gia thinh thip phii hop vdi nhu eiu d ^ chimg. Ngoii ra, GDS Wall l i san phim cao cip cho phep cimg liic kdt ndi ddn 8 man hinh dd phin giii Full HD.
Kidn tnic GDS l i mdt Mdn tiiic dupe tiiidt kd md, mdm ddo cho phep chay vi phat trien nhieu lopi img dung khic nhau, tiong do cd cic iing dung AR.
LED. LCD, Prel*ctor,
GDS - Green Digital Slgnag*
^yl£^:
i5
Hinh 5; Ki& tnJc h§ th&lg GDS.
Thay vl mpt Mdn tnic tinh vol cac chiic ning cd dmh, GDS l i mpt nen ting (platform) cd kha nang chay cac Mch ban rit bnh hoat dupe Mch hoat bdi cic cu chi eua ngudi dimg do cam bidn 3D phat hien. Ung dung ky thuat nhan dang ca thd va cir chi, he thdng se didu khidn viec hien thi mong tac vdi nguai dimg. MPt phin he 3D engme kdt hop vdi cac img dung AR va cic module Uu giac may tinh [Computer vision) cho phep tion canh 3D nhan tao (3D Scene) vdi cac nhan vat 3D nhan tao lap trinh dupe (3D avatar) va anh cua ngudi va canh that tiong cung mpt hp toa dp 3 chieu (x,y,z). Viec kdt hop nay md ra vP sd kha nang iing dung nhu chup anh thay ndn, trd choi tuong tac, hudng din, dulich,...
T I E M N A N G U^NG D U N G CUA G D S Khac vdi cac thidt bi quang cao mdt chieu hien dang phd bidn tiPn thi tmdng, GDS la thiet bi tuong tic hai chieu cho phep ngudi dung xem nhiing thii minh mudn va tuong tic vdi cic noi dung tien man hinh, tham clii la cac nhan vat io 3D, hoac nhap vai vao chinh cac nhin vit do. Didu nay die biPt thu hilt ngudi xem, nhit la gidi tie. Vdi kha nang phan tich va xu ly anh, hp thdng cdn cd thd danh gia hidu qua tmydn thdng ddn cic ddi tupng khac nhau.
Ngoai cae linh vuc img dung ehinh la quang cao, giai tri, san pham cdn
cd thd dimg de chi dan .•iniiir'""Tr'l thPng tm tai noi cPng
cdng nhu benh vidn, ngan hang, tmdng hpc, trung tim thuong mai.
Hinh 6 md ta mpt iing dung AR cua GDS, trong do ngudi that dang tuong tic vdi nhin vat sieu nhin 3D dang bay
Hmh 6: Mot ing dmg AR tren sin pham may Marketing can xijc GDS.
tiong khdng gian trpn lan thuc va ao.
KET L U A N
CPng nghP AR la mPt cdng nghd da duoc ngbi6n cim til kha lau nhung chi trong vai nim gin day mdi trd nPn phd cip nhd ed su phat tridn bimg nd ciia ePng nghp vi dien tit, cac thidt bi di ddng, cPng nghe thi giac may tinh, mang bing thdng rdng, ban dd sd,... 6 ViPt Nam, viPc nghien cim img dung AR van cdn het siic mdi me v i diy thich thuc nhung hiia hen se cd nhidu img dung dem lal hieu qua Mnh td xi hPi to Idn.
Tai lieu t h a m khao
[1]. R AZUMA, "A Siivey of Augmented Reality, Presence.
Teleoperatcs^ and Virtual Environments" wl. 6, no. 4, Aug, 1997, pp. 355-385.
[2]. R. AZUMA, Y. BAIIXOT, R. BEHRINGER, "RecentAdvaTces in/^m&itedReality", Computers & Graphics, November 2001.
[3]. GEORGE PAPAGIANNAKIS, GURMINi^ER SINGH. NADIA MAGNENAT-THALMANN, VM suvey or mcble and mdess tedrciogies icr anniented realty systems", Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds, Volime 19, ISEUS 1, p^es 3-22, February 2008.
[4]. D.W.F. VAN KREVELEN, R, POELMAN, "A SLrvey of Agmented Reality TechnologEs, Amplications and Limitations", The International Journal of Virtual Reality, 2010, 9(2):l-20.
[5]. MILGRAM, PAUL, AND FUMtO KiSHINO. "A Taxonomy of Mixed Reality Virtual Disf^ays", lEJCE Trtsisactions on Information and Systems E77-D, 9 (September 1994), 1321-1329.
[6], Video v6 san pham GDS:
https://www.ycutube.com/wat ch?v=AIRTPfbFKFU&feature=
youtu.be.
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