TIM HIEU CONG THONG TIN LIEN KET TAI LIEU
NGHIEN c u l l CUA CAC TRdONG OAI HOC TREN THE GIOI VA MOT SO Y KIEN VE VIEC TRIEN KHAI
MO HINH LIEN KET TAI LIEU NGHIEN CU'U TAI VIET NAM
ThS. Nguyen Thj Hong Loan ThU vign Dai hoc An Giang
Hiin nay, phSn Idn thU vlen cac tnidng dai hoe d Viet Nam da xay duhg cdng thdng tin tii lieu n^ sinh.
Day la dieu kiin thuan Idi deed tiii tiien khai mo hinh liin kit tai lieu nghien cuU tai Viet Nam. Bai viet khai quit lich sU ra ddi cda cong thdng tin lien ket tii lieu nghien cdu (luin in, lu$n van) cua cac trUdng dai hpc tren the gidi, phin tich nhuhg mat manh vi mat yiu aia 3 hinh tiidc lien k^ phd biin: kieu tip tiung, hiu phan phoi va kieu pha hdp. TU viee danh gia mot so di&n die trutig cda dc kieu liin k&, kit hdp v& viic dinh gia ldi feh cua viic xay duhg mo hinh liin kit tii iiiu luin an, luan van cda cac tru&ng dai hgc tai Viet Nam, bai viet dUa ra mdt so y kiin ddng gop cho viic triin khai mo hinh lien ket trong tiiUe ti.
Til'khoa: Tai lieu nghidn ei^, cSng thong tin lign kdt, ttutfng dgi hoe.
Abstract:
At presCTit, a large number of academic libraries in Viet Nam have built tiieir own endogenous document portal. This is a lavorable condition for developing the research document linkage models in Viet Nam. The article gives an overeiew of the history of the research document linked portal (dissertations, theses) of uni- versities around tiie world, analyzes the stiengths and wealaiesses of the three common forms of linkage:
concentration, distribution and coordination. From the assessment of some linkages' features, combined with the evaluation of the benefits of building the linkage models for dissertations and theses of universities in Viet Nam, the article brings up some suggestions for implementing the linkage models in piadce.
Key v^ords: Research documents, linked portal, universities.
1. Tom tat sy ra ddi cua mot sff cong thdng de ehia se tai lieu tai cong thdng tin lidn ket (inter- tin, dich vu lidn kdt tai lidu nghien CU'U dien national repository), eung nhUtao dieu kidn cho cac hinh nha nghidn edu tryc tiep gidi thidu d c xuat ban
Nam 1996, CSng thong tin luan vin quSc te ^^^ ' " ' " ^ *"' ' ° " 9 *^^"9 tin lidn kdt. Hien NDLTD (Netivori<ed Digital Library of Theses and Disse- °^ ^^" ^^° ^ ^ " 9 ^^' ^ ^ ^^"'^ ^'^" ^ " ^ ^"l' ratation - NDLTD) dUPe xay duhg bdi d c hiep hoi, ' = ^ " ' ^ ' ' '^^ ^ ° ' " ° " 9 '^°"9' "^^* ^ ^ " ' ^^^P'' ' ^ to ehde thu vien v l thu vidn d c trUdng dai hge ^'^^ 4.500.000 t l i lidu [12, 14].
hing ddu ciia Hoa Ky. Cong thong tin ra ddi vdi Dutfi sy ho ttP eiia NDLTD, nam 1998, dng sii" menh la thuc day sU pho bien thdng tin khoa thong tin luan van quoe gia Oxbaylla (Australia Digital hpc (lugn an, luan vin) trdn toan d u . DU an ho ttd Theses - ADT) dutfc xay dyhg. MSt trong nhtihg ve mat dng nghe hay d c tidu chuan giup d c vien, muc tieu d a ADT la xay duhg d c tieu ehuan, quy tio/dng dai hpc t u xay duhg d c eong thdng tin trinh eho vide xay duhg, bao quan va buy d p cac luu tttj" luan vin ndi bg (Institutional repository) loai tai lieu dign hJ" (luan I n , luan van) cho cac
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trudng dai hpc d Oxbaylia nhim hUdng tdi nang eao gia tri sd dyng cita d e nguon tai lieu tren (giup cho ban dpc d t h i biet va buy cap tai lieu de ding). Khi mdi thanh lap, ADT la cong thong tin quSc gia Oxtraylia vdi 7 thinh v i ^ l l cac butfng dai hpc d Oxtraylia. Nim 2001, 38 thanh vidn cua Hdi ddng thU vien d e trutfng dai hpc Oxtraylia (CAUL) tham gia vao dU an ADT. Ddn nam 2005, ADT kdt nap thdm d e thanh vidn ciia Hpi dong thU vidn cae trUdng dai hgc Niu Dilln. Nam 2011, cong thSng tin luan van dien t d ADT sip nhap vao cong thong tin lien ket quy mS hPn la TROVE.
Day la eong thSng tin dti' lieu quoc gia Oxtraylia nham giiJp ban dpc ro the tim kiem tat d d c loai t l i lieu (tai lieu In va tai lieu dien tiO dang dupe IUu tri? tai d e thU vign trutfng dai hge hay thU vien cSng cgng eiia Oxtraylia [9].
Dau nhtihg nam 2000, tai ehau Au nhieu dy an mng thong tin luan an, luan vin d p quoc gia hay quoc te d n g ra ddi nhU: Cong thong tin Cybertesis (san pham hPp tae eua eae tn/dng dai hoc Chile, dai hpc Lyon2, Montreal va 32 trddng dgi hoc d chau Au, ehau Phi va ehau My La tinh; CSng thSng tin DiVA (tien than ia eong thong tin luan an, luan van quoc gia Thuy Dien, nay la cong thong tin lien ket giii^ 40 tn/dng dai hgc Thuy Diln va Na Uy);
Cong thSng tin DART lien ket tat lieu luan an, luan van cua 564 tru'dng dai hgc tai 28 nUde d d a u Au [1,2,3,10].
Mgt trong nhi/ng cong thong tin vdi quy mo phat trien diln hinh II Cong thong tin luan van quoc gia Anh hay Djch vu tim kiem lugn van trye tuyen (Electronic Theses Online Service- EThOs) do Thu vidn Anh (ThU vign quoe gla eiia Lidn hiep VUdng quSc Anh) xay dyhg v l phat triln. Djch vu ra ddi vao khoang nam 2002 nhim tao ra diem den duy nhat de ban dge d khIp nPi trgn thd gidi d the tiep d n cac nghien edu dupc tiiUe hidn bdi sinh vidn d a d c trddng dai hpc, hpe vign tai Vdtfng quSc Anh. EthOs d 120 bi/dng dai hoc tiianh vign va cung cap hPn 400.000 tat lieu vdi 160.000 tai lidu toan vin v l 240.000 tai lieu trUde nam 1800. Hing thang eo khoing 3.000 tai lidu mdi dUpc d p nhit trong do cd hdn 2.000 tai lidu toan van [11].
Tai chau A, DU an d n g thong tin luan an, luan
van rap quoe gia Han Quoe - dCollection dUpc xiy duhg thi dilm vao nam 2003 vdi 9 tiianh vien gSm d e van phong chi'nh phit, d c vidn nghidn ciiu nha nude v l d e trUdng dai hpc. Den nam 2008 da cd 206/215 trUdng dai hge d Hin QuSe tham gla vao DU an vdi hdn 1.890.000 tai iigu [17,18].
2. Ldi ich cua viec phat trien cac cong thong tin luan An, luan van cap quoc gia, quoc te
Tai ligu ngi sinh 11 mot tnsng nhiihg nguon tai lieu tham khao chinh ctia giang vien, nha nghidn ciiu va sinh vlen cua d e trudng dai hge. Vi the, nguSn tit lidu nay tiiUdng dUpe IuU trti' theo chinh sach dac bidt v l khdng thupe tai lieu thanh ly. NhU vay, theo thdi gian, nhidu tiiU vien ed t h i se gap khd khan ve khong gian d l IUu tri? nguon tai lieu nay. Do do, vtec so hoa va xuat bin nhiihg tai lieu nghidn cutJ didn t d thay eho d c tai lieu in truyen thong da dutfc nhidu thu vidn nghien cdu va I p dyng. Theo d e nghidn ciiu ciia William Gardner va Steven Hanad, ljch sd phat triln eP sd dO' lieu tai lidu nghidn eirtj noi bg (institutional repository) bat dau vio khoing nhiihg nam 1990 khi giao tiep didn t d trd thinh mgt trong nhijhg cong eu eP ban cho vide xuat ban d c d n g ttinh nghien ciiu [14]. Den khoang dau nhiihg nam 2000, sy ra ddi d c phan mdm ma nguon md nhU Dspace, E-print da gop phan thiic day sU phat ttien d c cd sd di/
lieu nghien eutf ngi bg.
Cae dU an thSng tin nay vifa giup d c ttUdng giat quyet khd khan vd khdng gian, viia dap uhg nhu d u thdng tin trong ky nguydn so. Tuy nhien, do d e eong thSng tin mang tinh chat nSi bS, ndn cP hpi de d e nghidn cdu nSi bS nay den vdi ban doc bgn ngoli rat thap. Kho khan Idn hPn la viee xay dUng rieng le tiJhg rong thong tin nghidn cdu lam ban dpc se phai mat nhieu thdi gian tim kiem t l i lieu. Vi dy, ndu d n t l i lieu nghien cdu ve Du Ijeh sinh tiiii tai 6xtia\^ia, de tim dutfc lUpng thong tin d n thiet, ban dpc phli ttuy d p eong thSng tin nghien edu not bp ciia hdn 40 tn/dng dai hgc tai Oxtraylia. Day that sU la vigc iam ton nhieu thdi gian, khd ro ban dpc nIo thUe hien dUpc.
Tai thdi diem do, nhidu du an eong thSng tin lien ket cap quSc gia, khu vUe hay quoc te ra ddi
nhU NDLTD (1996), ADT (1998), EthOs (2002), hay dColiedon (2003). Cic d n g ttiong tin lidn ket nay ro nhieu Uu dilm hPn so vdi cong thSng tin ngi bp.
TrUde tidn, vide iidn ket dti' ligu se rut ngan thdi gian tta cijli. Vi dy nhU, d l tim kiem ^ i lidu vd "Du Ijch sinh thai tai Oxtrlylia" ban dpc ehi can tta cull Cong ttiSng tin luan van dien t d OJdraylia (lidn ket tai hdu cita 43 trutfng dai hgc tet Oxttaylla), nay la Cong thong tin quoc gia Oxttlylia (lidn ket tat d tai ligu cua d c thU vidn tai 6xtraylia).
Ngoli ta, vide tap ttung tai Itdu tai mgt dilm truy d p giup ban dgc d cd hpi tiep can dUde nhieu tai ligu. Dieu niy khong ehi hiiU ieh eho vide nghidn ciiU ciia ban doe ma ron dem den sU Ipi ich cgng hUdng eho tie gii. NghTa I I , tie gil se ro nhieu cd hdi d l ning cao he so anh hUdng (impact factor) hay ehi so trieh dan (citation index). Chi s5 trich dan la mgt ttong 6 tidu chi d l xep hang d e tmtfng dai hpc tren tiie gidi (Topuniversities.rom).
Do do, vigc tham gia ehia se tai ligu ttgn d c cSng thdng tin nghidn cdU lidn ket d n II mgt d c h htiU hieu de d e trddng d tiie nang eao vj tri cua minh ttdn bin do giio dye the gidi. Dd d n g la ly do nhieu du an d n g thdng tin lidn kdt ra ddi nhu DU an dColletion eiia Han Quoe. Ban dau mue tieu d a Dy I n d n g thong tin nghidn CIJU d p quoc gia nay ehi hutfng tdi pho bien nghidn cdu cho ban dgc tai Han Quoc, nhUhg sau do, Chinh phii Han Quoc yeu d u d c tn/dng dai hgc khuyen khieh anh vien trinh b i y d c nghien ciiU blng tieng Anh, cQng nhU dich sang tieng Anh mgt so nghidn cdu diln hinh d l hudng tdi rong dong nghien euU quoc td nham quang b l d c san pham, ket qua hoat dgng khoa hpe ciia dat nUdc Hin QuSc [16,17].
CuSi ciing, dy I n d c eong thong tin thudng hudng den chfnh sach truy d p md. Oieu nay da gdp phan vio vide rut ngan khoang d c h thSng tin eho ban dge d d c quoc gla ed thu nhap thap hay trung binh de tidp cin nguon thong tin khoa hoc thUdng mai vdi chi phi tutfng dSi cao. Rat khd cho mgt nha nghidn cdu d d e quoc gia dang phat triln vdi thu nhap chi khoang 1.500 do la tidp can bat bio khoa hge trdn cae eP sd dQ lieu khoa hge thUPng mai nhU Science Direct hay ProQuest vdi chi phi khoang 30 do la/ tai lieu.
Tdm lai, blng d c h hPp tae xiy duhg cong thSng tin nghidn ciiU khoa hge, d c ttudng dai hge viia dap iing nhu eau thong tin cho ban dpc eua trutfng minh, viia ro cp hpi quing b l boat dong nghien cdu Idioa hgc d a trudng ttdn pham vi quoc gia, hay quoe te.
3. Cdc hinh thu'c lidn ket
Cong thong tin lien ket thudng gom 2 tiianh pHan cd ban: tiung tam dti' iieu (cential-hub) va d c tiianh vien (member). Tmng tam di/ lieu thutfng do mgt tiianh vidn d uy h'n hay d kinh nghiem trong viec quan ly hg thong tiiU vidn va thong tin dam nhan.
D\ia vao cd rau to chdc, cy t h i 11 phUPng thiit tiiu nhgp, luu tru' va phan phSi t l i lieu den ban dpc, cac d n g tiiong tin lign kdt dutfe ehia tiianh 3 mo hinh;
(1) mo hinh phan tan (decentralised model); (2) mo hinh tap trung (centralised model) va mo hinh hon hpp (mixed model) [18].
3.1. Mo hinh phin tan
Theo mo hinh lidn ket niy, d c thinh vidn co nhiem vy phat ttien ctf sd dii* ligu nghidn cdu ciia trutfng minh nhU thu thap, s6 hoi (tai ligu chi d ban in), mS t l tai lieu (xdy dyhg metadata), IUu tri/ va phin phoi t l i Itdu (toin van) ddn ban dgc.
Thanh vten ttung tam se xiy duhg va vin hanh cong thong tin chung, nhu sd dyng d c phin mdm de thu va IUu dti' lieu, xiy dyhg cdng cu tim Idem.
Ban doc btiy d p tai lieu tai d n g thdng tin chung.
Cong thong tin ehi eung d p d c thSng tin cP ban cua t l i lieu du^ tren di/ ligu thu thap nhU ^ n tai iieu, tae gia, torn t^t... Bgn dgc se dutfc lidn ket den ndi IuU trQ toin van tai lieu (ctf sd dii' lieu nghidn cud ciia ttihg thanh vien). Cac tnidng thanh vien se quydt dinh quyen tmy d p cho ban dge.
Tuy nhidn, phan Idn d c dU an mS hinh lien ket ddu khuyen khich d e tiianh vidn cho phep ban dpc tmy cip mien phi d c t l i lieu nham hUdng b5i muc dich la md rpng pho bien tiiong tin nghidn edU [17].
MS hinh nay dUPe nhieu nPI tren thd gidi ap dung nhU: NDLTD, ADT, DiVa, DissOnline, DART vi ed nhieu Uu dilm nhU: han ehd chi phi ve trang thiet bi v l nhin sU de van hanh vi cong thong tin lien kdt ehi IUu tri/ dtj" lidu, khong IUu triJ toin van tai lieu. Ngoai ra, vige d l d e thinh vien tU quyet
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djnh phutfng thu'c phue vu sd phii hpp vdi didu kidn cua ti/ng trddng trong vigc thye hidn d e quy djnh ve quyen tae gia trong qua trinh pho bien va sd dyng tai ligu.
3.2. Md hinh tap bvng
Theo mo hinh nay, d c trudng tiianh vign se girt dQ lieu nhu bin didn td, hoae ban in (de so hoa) den Trung tam dir lieu. Ngutfc lai, vdi mS hlnh phan tan, Tmng tam di/ lidu dim nhan hau het rae nhidm vy nhU: xay dyhg bg may tim kiem (search engine), mo ta tai lieu (xay duhg metadata), sS hoa bin in, IuU trti' v l cung d p toan van tai lieu eho ban dge. Trung tam dQ lieu eung thUdng do mdt to ehiit quan ly thong tin hay nhi xuit bin d uy tin dam nhan. Vi dy, ctf sd 6Q lidu luan van lign ket Bac My ProQuest (North Ameriran ProQuest) hoat dgng dUa tten mo hinh quan 1^ tip trung. Hidn nay, d khoing 700 frudng dai hpc thanh vidn tham gia vao mo hinh lien ket tap trung eiia ProQuest [18].
Mo hinh nay giup d e tn/dng tiianh vign tranh dutfc nhtihg khd khIn trong viec quan ly dti' lieu.
Ngoai ra, dSi vdi tic gil, vide gj(!fl thigu nghidn ciili tren d e d sd dti' lieu khoa hge noi tieng se giup d c nghidn cdu ro d hgi tiep d n vdi nhieu ban doe hdn. Mot trong nhiihg ban chd ciia mo hinh nay II vide van hanh theo kilu thutfng mgi (ban dpc t r i chi phi d l sd dyng tai lieu). \A le dd, tai ligu ro the se kho den vdl ban dpc d nhiihg ndi ron khd khan.
3.3. Mo hinh hon hpp
Day II hinh tiidc ket hPp gii/a mS hinh lien ket phan tan v l mS hinh lien ket tap trung. Ve cP bin, d c thanh vien se hdp tie dUa trdn mS hinh phan tan. NghTa la, d c thinh wen se t y xay dyhg cac CP sd di? lieu luan van rieng d a tru'dng minh. Tuy nhien, rae thinh vidn chUa the xay dyhg cd sd dt/
lidu luan vin neng se tham gia theo mo hinh tap tmng bang d c h girt bin didn td, hoae ban in de Tmng tam di/ lieu mo ta tai lieu, sS hoa tai lieu va luu trii' toan van tai lieu tai d n g thdng tin ehung [18].
Cae mo hinh lidn kdt hon hpp thUdng d 2 hinh thde phyc vy: (1) d e ttydng thinh vidn se quyet
djnh quyen truy rap; (2) ban dpe sddyng dich vu b'nh phi, thudng II chi phi d l so hoa d c tai lieu.
Mo hinh nay dutfe ap dung vi Itfi ich chung la t i p htfp tai ligu cua d e tn/dng ro quy mo nhd, chda the t y xay dyhg d c cP sd dti' lieu npi sinh, die bidt la khoi phue rae t l i ligu dii ed ban in.
Nhd vao sU ho trp eua ThU vien Quoe gta Anh, da cd 133 trUdng dai hgc tham gia vao Cong thong tin lien ket dti' lieu luan I n (cong thdng tin theo mo hinh phan tan) rap quoe gia Anh - EthOs . Ngoli ra, ban dpc d till truy d p mien phi khoang 160.000 tai lieu toan van, hay djch vu so hoa tiieo yeu d u de sd dung toan van d c tai ligu chi ed ban in dUtfe xuat ban t d nam 1800 [11].
t*. Nhu cau xdy dyng c£ing thong tin tai lieu noi sinh cap quoc gia tai Viet Nam
Cung nhu nhieu ndi tren the gidi, tai Viet Nam ndn kinh td tri thde dan den sU gia tang nhu cau thdng tin, die bigt la nhu rau thong tin hge thuat.
Vigc nay doi hoi d c thU vidn, dac biet la thU vien dai hoc phai thUdng xuydn phat triln vSn tai lieu.
Tuy nhign, do mStsohan ehe ve kinh phi boat dpng, nen nhieu trUdng dai hoc gap khd khan trong vigc ting eUdng phat trien nguon IUc thong tin. Chinh vi the, "chia se nguon lUe" can ddde xem la mSt trong nhtihg gilt phap etf ban giiip eho nhieu thd vidn tang cUdng kha nang phuevy. Hien nay, mot so thy vidn dai hgc dang ap dung mS hinh "mUpn lien thd vidn", nhuhg dii tap trung vao tai nguydn v i t ly. Ngoai ra, mo hinh nay gap gidl hgn ve mat t^a ly ndn kho phat ttien thanh he thong vdi quy mo d p khu vUc, hay quoc gia. Vi the, viec frien khai mo hinh chia se t l i ligu didn t d la nhu d u tat ydu khach quan vi giai phap nay se pha bd rac rao ran ve khong gian v l thdi gian.
Khoa luan, luan van, luan an, nghien euli khoa hoe va bai bao khoa hpc la mpt trong nhi/hg t l i lidu hpc thuat dupe sd dung ehinh ttong qua trinh hoe tap nghidn ciiu cua sinh vidn va giang vidn d cac trUdng dai hpe. Hien nay, nhieu trUdng dai hge tai Vidt Nam cd chung nganh dao tao, vt the nhu d u tham khao tai lieu nghien edu lan nhau de CO nhieu cd sd khoa hge dSi chidu, so sanh ciia ngudi hpc la dieu tat yeu. Ben eanh do, giang vien eung can cd nguon dt/ lidu khoa hpc da dang d l
ed t h i phit hien sU trung lap, hay sao ehep trong nghidn cdu ciia sinh vidn. Do do, viee xay duhg nguSn di/ lieu nghign cdu ehung cho d e trUdng dai hgc trong ra nUdc la bien phap can thiet de dap i/ng nhu d u thSng tin ngay dng eao d a d sinh vign va giang vidn.
Xu the hgi nhap quoe te, dgc biet II ttong ITnh vyc giao dye, dio tao dat ra ydu d u ehung cho d c trUdng dai hge la phai thUdng xuygn phat trien thutfng higu eung nhU hinh anh. Xuat ban nghidn cdu khoa hgc dang dupe xem la giii phap tiem nang giup d e frUdng nang d p thd hang ttong mSi trUdng giao dye quSc te. Cae dU an cong thSng tin lidn ket d p quoe gia nhU ADT, hay quoe te nhU NLTD dupe trien khai deu hudng tdi giup rae trUdng quang b l hinh anh ciia minh thdng qua vide pho bidn tiiong tin nghien cud. Tgi Vigt Nam, xu hutfng xep hgng va phan logi d e trUdng dai hgc dang dUpc nghien cdu v l triln khai nhu la bUdc thd nghidm de d c frudng dai hpe t y phan dau trUde khi bydc ra the gidi. Do dd, vide ttiln khai d n g thdng tin lidn kdt tai lieu ngi sinh la bien phap ban dau giiip d c trudng t u ning cao hinh anh cua trddng trdn quy mo quoe gia, dong thdi, trong tUPng lai day se la nguSn dti' ligu giLip eho d e nha nghien cdu quoc te muon tim hilu ve hoat dgng khoa hge eiia Viet Nam.
5. V kign de xuat
Hidn nay, phan Idn thU vien d e ttUdng dai hpc d \^et Nam da xay dyhg cong thong tin t l i lidu ngi sinh. Day ia dieu kidn thugn ldi de ed t h i ap dyng mo hinh lien kit theo kilu phan phoi cho d c tn/dng dai hgc tai Viet Nam. Ngoai ra, viec ap dung mo hinh niy eiing se dem lai nhieu tiiuan ldi eho rac ttUdng thinh vien. Theo md hinh lien kdt phan phdi, trung tim di/ lidu ehi tap trung lull tri/
dij-lieu etf ban chd khdng iuli tti/toan van tai lieu.
Dieu nay se giiip giim ehi phi vd nhan sU v l ky thuat de xay duhg v l van hanh miy ehii tai trung tdm dt/ lieu (eenttal hub). Bdn canh do, do moi trUdng eo nhtihg chinh sach phue vy bgn dgc khac nhau ndn vide de tiihg thanh vign quydt djnh chinh sleh ttuy cap cho t l i lidu la phd hdp vdi i ^ u kign khaeh quan. Tuy nhien, trong tutfng lai, nen khuyen khich rae trudng xiy dUng d n g thong tin lign ket tai lieu theo hudng ttuy cap md
d l tao cP hpi eho nghien eiiu dupe nhidu bgn dgc sd dung.
D§ cd the xay dyhg mS hinh lidn kdt theo kieu phan phoi eho d e trUdng dai hpc tai Vigt Nam can xem xet d e van de sau:
Mot li, ndn diy manh cong tie tuyen buydn trong giang vien, sinh vidn ve Ipi ich cita vide ehia se thdng tin nghign cdu di hutfng tdi ehinh sach truy cip md cho d c loai tai lidu nghien edu, song song dd ket hdp vdi vide xem xet va trien khai chinh sach "tae gla t y quydt djnh quyen truy cgp".
Bidn phap nay viiS dim bio tai lieu dutfe ehia se rpng rai, viia giup d e trUdng ttanh rae vl phgm ve quyen tae gia khi tai lidu dutfc ehia se rpng rai, Vi du, mpt so thy vign dang ap dyng 4 mde buy cap tai lieu: (1) tai lidu iDln van dUde buy d p mcl;
(2) tai lieu toan van eht dutfc phep truy d p noi bo (bgn dgc eua tru'dng); (3) t i e gia uy quyen eho thu vien eung cap t l i lidu toan van cho ban dgc khi can (ghi chii Igi thdng tin d nhan va muc dich sd dyng); (4) ban dpc lidn he tn/c tiep vdi tic gta ndu d n toan van tai lieu.
Hai la, mS hinh nen dypc thi diem tai mgt s5 tn/dng dgi hpe trUde khi dUtfe pho bien dat tra.
Viee thd nghidm se giup cho rae trutfng tim each khae phyc mSt sS khd khan khi trien khai mo hinh tren quy mS rgng nhy deh thu thap sidu dti' lieu, lyS ehgn ehuan dung di mo ta dti' lieu va d e van de lien quan den chinh saeh phue vu ban dpe eiia tuhg thanh vidn.
Ba la, vide \Ua ehpn thinh vign frung tam dio mo hinh vi thanh vidn nay phai dam nhgn rSt nhieu vide quan trpng khi xay duhg v l van hanh mgt mo hinh lien ket du" lieu nhu thu thap va lull trQ dQ lieu, ho trd d e trutfng thanh vidn khi ran...
Vi vay, mgt trung tam thdng tin hay tiiU vien cd nhidu kinh nghiem ttong quan ly thUvien va thong tin, dae biet la d nhieu tiem lUe ve eong nghd thong tin nhd thU vlen quoc gia hay d e trung tam hge lidu la nhOhg thinh vien trung t i m tiem nang.
CuSi eiing la ehi phi cho vide xiy duhg va duy tti mo hinh. Hau het rae mo hinh lien ket eiia dc nUdc deu dUtfe sU ho trp ban dau t d d c bS quan ly chuydn mSn; vi dy, dCollection dUpe sy tai tid eiia Bo Thong tin va Truydn thong, ADT td Hgi
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dong nghign edu Oxttlylia, hay EtiiOs do Thu vidn Quoc gia Anh. Vi the, d e tnidng dai hpc tai Viet Nam ndn keu ggi tai trp ban dau tu" cP quan quan ly hay mgt to ehde phi chi'nh phii. Sau do, d c ttUdng sd dong gop ehi phi de van hanh va phat ttiln eong thSng tin lien ket.
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(Ngiy toi soan nhin bii: 7/9/2017; Ngay phan biin danh gii: 6/12/2017; Ngay chap nhan dang:
11/12/2017)