Y HOC V l ^ NAM T H A N G 5 - SO 2/2014
TIM HIEU KIEN THU'C, THAI DO VE Sa CAP CUD BAN DAU COA TAN SINH VIEN DAI HOC QUOC GIA HA NOI NAM 2013
T6MTAT
Muc tieu: Mo ta kien thu'c vd thai do ve sd cap OAJ ban dau ciia tan sinh vien Dai hpc Quoc Gia Ha Npi nSm 2013. Phu'cfng phdp: nghien culi mo ta dt ngang. KSt qua: Nghien ciAi tren 444 anh vien cho thSy chi c6 202 sinh vien (45,5%) co kien thu'c dat ve sd cSp c6U ban dau; Qii co 192 sinh vien (44,4%) co th^i d$ sin sdng sd CU\J khi tai nan xay ra. Nguyen nhin chfnh khien doi tu'dng cojlidi dp khong san sang sd cull vi sd sd cuXi sai CO the gay h^i cho nan nhan (75%). Ket luan: Ki€n thu'c ve sd c ^ cufO ban dau ola tan sinh vien con thap vb chift san sang sd cuU khi tai nan xay ra vi sd sd culi sai. Can du^ chu'dng trinh dad t^o vS sd clfp culJ ban dau vao khoi cac Inrimg dgi hpc, cao dSng va trung hpc chuyen nghiep.
Tiy khoa: sinh vien, sd cap culi ban d3u, kiSn thilit, thai dp
SUMMARY
KNOWLEDGE A N D ATTITUDE ABOUT FIRST A I D OF FIRST YEAR STUDENTS I N VIETNAM N A T I O N A L U N I V E R S I T Y ,
H A N O I I N 2 0 1 3
Objective: Describe knowledge and attitude about first aid of first year students in Viet Nam National University, Ha Noi In 2013. Method:
Descriptive CTOSS - sectional Results: Study in 444 students showed that just have 202 students (45,5%) have knowledge pass about first aid. There are 192 students (44,4%) have ready operated first aid In accldmts. The main reason mades them confused because they afraid of wrong doing to lead harmftil patients (75%). Conclusions: Knowledge about first aid of first year students Is low. Students haven't yet ready first aid In accidents because they afraid of wrong doing to lead hannful patients. First aid is essential to train In universities, colleges and prafesskxial high schools.
Itaywonls: student, first aid, knowledge, attitude.
I. DAT VXN D 1
Sd cSp cudj ban dau la thyc hien cac bl$n phap cap cuU nhanh nham sd cu\j va on dinh nan nhan chan thu'dng (Bp Y Te, 2011). Tai
D|[ng Dire Nhu*, Hoang Dvc Phuc**, Cao Xuan Ngoc***, Bui Dire Giang****
nan thu'dng tfch (TNTT) dang la mpt trong nhutici nguyen nhan quan trong hang dau gay tan tat va tu* vong. De han che nhutig hau qua do rigoal vi§c dy" phong TNTT thi sd cap culj ban d3u dong vai tro rat quan trong. Trong mpt nghien culJ d Y cho rang 2 5 % den 5 0 % nan lihan tran dpng dat, nhuTig ngu'cfi bj thudng va chet co the diTdc cull neu dutfc sd cull kjp thcfi (Safar P, 1986). Tuy nhlen, kien thu'c ciia n g u ^ dan ve sd culJ ban dau rat tiiap. Trong mot nghien culJ dudc thi/c hien cf Kenya cho rang chl^co 45,5% cac liuan luyen vien dot bong da co the thi/c hien cap cull cho cac cau thu cua minh (Najororai, 1994).
Oai hoc Quoc gia Ha Npi vdi so lu'dng sinh vien rihap hpc hang nam len den hang nghin ngu'di va treh hau het cac Truftng va Khoa theo hoc, cac sinh vien phai thu'cfng xuyen den cac cd qiian de thyc tap cung, n h y cac hoat dpng xa hpl va dieu nay khong the tranh khoi cac TTfTT xay ra. Oe tim hieu kien thii'c, thai dp ve sd cap cuU ban dau cua tan sinh vien Oai hoc Quoc gia Ha Noi chung toi tien hanh nghien culJ nay vdi muc tieu: mo ta kien thii'c va thai do ve sd cap CUIJ ban dau cua tan sinh vien Oai hpc Quoc gia Ha Npl nam 2013.
It. D 6 I TU'g'NG v A PHU'aNG PHAP N G H I I N C O U 2 . 1 . D o ! t y ^ n g n g h i S n c i i t i : t i 444 tan sinh vien Oai hpc Quoc gia Ha Npi n3m 2013 ( ^ n g y tham gia nghien c i i l i ,
2.2. Phu'dng p h d p : Nghien ciili mo ta cSt ngang . ^ ,
2.3. C8 m a u n g h i e n c u ' u : Dya vao cd mau ydc tinh theo mot ti le cho trydc
n . 72 P { l - P )
'Khoa Y Dupc-D^l hgc Quoc gia HaNgi
" Tmng tSm YtiD^T phdng Ha Ngi
*'*Tn/^D9lhgcYHiN0l
"** Hgc vi4n YDupc hgc Cd'tnjyen VIgtNam Phin bi$it khoa hgc:
(p.£)2 Trong do
- n: la c3 mau cSn t h i e t
- o: miTc y nghTa thong ke (chon a = 0,05 yng vdi do tin cay 9 5 % , thay vao bang ta du'dc Z { i . 0/2)='1.96). . ^ - p = 0,17: ty le smh vien co kien thu'c ve sd cap culJ ban dau qua dieu tra thy. ^ - E = 0,21: sai so mong muon gi&a mau nghien ciJlJ va quan the. _ , 2.4. Xu' l y v d p h a n t i c h so l i f u : So lieu sau khi thu thap se du'dc lam sach va nhap vdo may tinh roi du'dc phan tich bang phan mem STATA 10.0.
Y HOC VIET NAM THANG 5 • SO 212014
III. K ^ QUA
3.1. B|c diem Chung cua doi tu'dng nghien clhi Bing 1; Dac diem cua doi tu'dng nghien diu
Oac diem GI6I tmh
Que quan
Nam HS Ttianh pho Thi xa/thi tran Lang que nonq thon
Khac
n 105 339 102 96 241 3
23,5 %
76,5 23,1 21,7 54,5 0,7
Trong tdng so 444 sinh vien tham gia nghien cud cd 105 (23,5%) la nam gkli, 339 (76,5%) la nff gidi.
Phan Idn sinh vien den idling que ndng than (54,5%), thanh pho idn (23,1%) va den tdthixi, thi bin (21,7%).
3.2. KIgn thii'c cda dol tu'dng ve sd cSp cu'u ban dau Bang 2; Kien thu'c chung ve sd cap cu'u ban dau
Kien thu'c Oat Khon^ dat
202 242
45,5 54,5
Cd 202 sinh vien dat kien thut ve sd cap cdu (45,5%) vi 242 sinh vien khdng dat kien thut ve sd dp cdv (54,5%).
Bang 3; Kien thu'c ve cac ngi dung sd cull ban dau Noi dung
Biet thdi gian toi da co the cuti du'dc benh nhan ngay sau khi ngutig tim phoi
Phoi hdp dung so lan ep tim thoi nqat Xac dinh dung vi trf ep tim Xu' tri dung trong qay xu'dng
Biet dat benh nhan dung tu" the trong chan thu'dng cot song co
Biet sd cu'u bong dung each Xu' tri dijnq vet thu'dng rach da Biet sd CLTU bong qan dung each Biet xtr tri con triing can dung each Biet xir tri dung khi bi ngat
"Kii tri dung khi bi cho meo can
thut ve xd tn chd meo cin va cdn dung can du
Kien thii'c n 145
76 109 246 193 121 229 191 266 253 287
* xem la cao
chung ve sd cap ci^u
%
32,66 17,12 24,55 55,45 43,47 27,37 51,58 43,02 59,91 57,03 64,64 nhat vdi 64,64% vi 59,9i Trong khi dd kien thdc ve sd cdu ngdng tim phdi (PCR) li rat thap vdi 17,2% biet phoi hdp dung Sn sdep tim thai ngat va 24,55% biet vi tnep Hm.
3.2. Thai do cua dol tu'dng l<hi tai n?n xay ra Bleu dd i;Thai do khi gap tai nan ngoai du'dng
60.00%
40.00%
20.00%
0.00%
• san sang so cijru
• Kliong so ciju Kh6ng ro
Chi cd 192 sinh vien chiem 44,44% sin sing sd cdu khi tai nan xay ra trong khi 150 sinh vien
(34,72%) se khdng sd cdu va 90 sinh vien (20,83%) khdng rd minh cd sd cuV hay khdng.
Y Hqc VlgT HAM THANG S - SO 2/2014
Bieu do 2;Ti ie doi tUdng khong sd cuu theo cac nguyen nhan
100.00%
50.00%
0.85% K f 2.12% 8_47% 2 " ' % 4mm- m p .m^ ^ ^ S ^ 000%
Scr hicu ISm^^TlaiBangS) hath^inliLliorrgil^niguiii khacscrciru Kliai:
Tmng sS236 sinh vien khdng sd cud khi gip tai nan thi cd 177 sinh vien (75%) sdsd cuu sai gay hai cho nfh nhan, 2 sinh vien (0,85%) sd ngddi khic hieu nham minh giy tai nan, 5 sinh vien (2,12%) ngai vi ddng ngudi xem, 20 sinh vien (8,47%) de ngddi khac sd aid va 32 siiih vien (13,56%) do mot so nguyin nhin khic.
IV. B&N LUiilN
Nghien cuU tren 444 tan sinh vien cua Oai hpc Quoc gia Ha Ngi cho thay rang chi cd 202 sinh v i l n (45,5%) co' k i l n thu'c dat v i sd cihi ban dau. K i t qua nay tUdng dong vdi k i t qua cua Asad Abbas va cgng s y n g h i i n cii\i t r i n cac sinh v i l n t^i ba tru'dng dai hgc is Parkistan vdi 4 2 % sinh v i l n cd k i l n thii'c dat (Asad Abbas va cs, 2011). (I'lgt nghien ciru kliac cua Afrasyab Khan va cgng sy cung cho k i t qua tu'dng tu" vdi 40,3%
sinh v i l n c6 k i l n thyc dat ve sd cu\i ban dau (Afrasyab Khan va cs, 2010). Nhu v3y, k i t qua nghien ciiu ciia chung toi cung dUa ra mpt ti Ie tydng d3ng vdi cac nghien ciru khac khi ma kien thyc ve sd ciiti ban dau cua sinh vien dat deu dirdi 50%. Doi vdi t i m g ngi dung dUdc d u ^ ra thi kien thyc ve sd ciiti ngimg tim phoi ia thap nhHt.
Chi c6 1 7 , 1 % sinh vien biet phoi hdp dung tan so ep tim thSi ngat va 24,6% xac djiih chinh xac vj tri ep tlm. K i t qua nay ciia chiing toi thap hdn so vdi nghien cuti ciia Asad Abbas va cgng s y vdi 34,4% biet phoi hdp diJng t i n so ip tim thoi ngat va 27,2% xac djnh di/dc diing vj t n khi ep tim (Asad Abbas va cs, 2011). Tuy nhien, ca hai nphien ciiu S&i cho thay rang k i l n thyc ve sd cull ngimg tim phoi ciia cac doi tUdng la rat thap, trong khi dd day 1^1 la nguyen nhan hang dSu g3y t y vong n i u khong du'dc sd cap ciru diing each va kip thdi.
V8 thai dp thi chi c6 44,44% eae dol tUdng san sJng sd eiJu cho nan nhan khi ed tai nan xay ra, nguyin nhSn chinh dan tdl eae doi tUdng khSng sd eiJti dd la khong cd k i l n t h u t co the sd diu sal se gay hai eho nan nhan (75%). Nhu viy, n i u nhu ngudi dan cd du'ije kien thyc ve sd
cuu ban dau thi hp se s i n sang sd eiiti va t i iitii vong do tai nan thUdng tich se giam di dang kie.
V. KET LU/SlN
T i le tan sinh vien Dal hpe Quoc gia Ha Npi CO kien thyc dat ve sd ciru ban dau thap (45,5%).
T i le tan sinh vien ed thai dp s§n sang sd cihi khi tai nan xay ra thap (44,44%). Nguyin nhan ehi'nh khien dol tUdng khong sd cijti la sd sd ciru sai gay hai cho nan nhan (75%). Can Siia chUdng trinh dao tao sd cap a i t i vao khoi c^c trUdng dai hgc, eao dSng va trung hgc chuyin nghiep.
T A I L I E U T H A M KHAO
1. Bp Y Te: Hu'dng dan thyc hanh cd ban cham S(5c Chan thudng tnTdc viin, Nha xuat ban Y hrx:, Hi NOI, 2011, 39-45.
2. Afrasyab K., Sumalra S., Fawad S., Ahsan S., Saira AS et al.,: "Knowledge attitude and practices of undergraduate studentsregarding first aid measures". J. of Pakistan Medical Asociation.,2010, 60(1), 68-71.
3. Asad A., Syeda IB., Farah A.,: ''Knowledge of fir^t aid and basic life support amongst medical students:a companson between trained and un- trained students". 3. of Pakistan Medical Asociation.,20U, 61(6), 613-615.
4. Najororai.,: "Administration of first-aid and prevention of injunes in Kenyan soccer". J. of East Afr Med.,1994, 71, 724-6.
5. Safar P.,: "Resuscitation potentials In mass disasters". J. of Prehosp Disaster Med.,1986, 2, 34-47.
