Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
AP DUNG CONG NGHE B0M EP VU A DE XU' LY
^PHAY F l LO XUYEN VTA +131 DONG VANG DANH C o n g ty TIVHH MTV t h a n D o n g V o n g
Generally, driving and supporting works through faults in underground mines and constructions always contribute many difficulties due to great ground pressures and water.
This paper's authors introduce the method for solving fault Fl at the crosscut +131 Dong Vang Danh that has been carried out under the coordination of Dong Vong Coal Company with Institute of Mining Science and Technology.
TS. PHAM MINH DLfC TS. LE V A N CONG
KS. D 6 QUANG TUAN KS. PHAM TIEN VU
Vien Khoa hoe Cdng nghe Mo-TKV
1. Muc dich cua phUdng phap bdm ep vu'a
Bdm ep viia lien quan den viee dijng ap liic eao de bOm ep hdn hpp, dung dich xi mang hay hoa chat vao trong da't da, lam lap day cac lo rdng, khe nut, tao ra sii gan ket giiia cac khdi, cae manh rdi rac trong khdi da. Viia bom ep thudng d dang dung djch hoae dang keo, qua trinh bom ep phai tao ra sU lang ket eilia thanh phan chat ran vao eae Id rdng va eae khe niit. Mue dfeh CO ban eua viee bOm ep VUa la eai thien cudng dp va tfnh ben vung eua khdi da va lam giam tfnh tham, hoae ngan chan nude do chen lap 6\jgc eae chat ran vao cae lo rong va eae khe nut trong khdi da.
Bdm ep vOra xi mang da dupe ap dung trong khdi da nut ne khi dao ham Id tU nhung nam 1864, bang each rdt viia xi mang don gian vao eae vet null de chen da bj pha huy va chdng nude chay vao edng trinh ngam, sau dd phuong phap nay da 6[tgc sdr dung de chdng tham, xii \)f nen dap nha may thuy dien va cae dUdng ham dan nude. Bom ep vUa xi mang 6dgc sit dung rpng rai trong viee xay dung cae edng trinh thCiy edng tren the gidi.
Theo nhip dp phat trien eua
phUPng phap bPm ep xi mang, thiet bi dae biet chuyen dung 6dgc ehe tao (may bam, may trdn, dudng dng phun ap liic eao) va bat dau dupc ung dung khdng nhung trong edng trinh thijy edng ma edn 6ugc iing dung trong edng trinh ngam dae biet la cac cdng trinh tau dien ngam va ea trong xay dung ham Id, gieng eung nhU eae edng trinh bien, cae md cau, cac edng trinh edng nghiep va dan dung, eae cdng trinh thuy Ipi.
2. Hien trang cua doan 16 xuyen via van tai mure +131 qua phay F1.
Ld xuyen via van tai miie +131 nam trong he thdng dudng Id khai thdng md via khai thac than miie +131 eua Cdng ty TNHH MTV Than Ddng Vdng. He thdng dudng Id nay do Cdng ty Tu van Dau t u Md va Cdng nghiep thie't ke.
Tiet dien dao Id la 12,8 m^, ehdng Id bang thep Idng mo CBn - 22, chen Id bang tam chen be tdng cd't thep, bUde ehdng 0,7 (0,5) m/vi, hien dang bd trf mdt tuyen van tai bang xe godng. Dudng sat, cd dudng xe 600 mm.
Theo tai lieu do dac thiie te, chieu dai theo true eua Id
qua phay F1 tren dudng Id xuyen via mure +131 tdng edng khoang 50 met vdi cac miic dp anh hudng khac nhau.
Dae biet, doan tU nK426 ^ nK467 ed mure dp anh hudng la rat Idn. Tai vj trf nK429,5 ed hien tupng nUde chay vao md vdi luu lupng Idn. Theo danh gia sP bd, khd'i da't da tren ndc tai vj trf 'nK 426 ^ OK 467 cd dang dac trUng eP ban cija phay pha la rdi rac, cd dang cudi ket, tang ket khdng cd xi mang lien ket va d trang thai chiia nUdc nhieu hoac ngap nude, kha nang dn djnh la rat kem. Dudng Id nay da 6dgc xay dung tU rat lau, trong qua trinh tdn tai, xuat hien hien tupng bien dang, bop meo vi ehdng, mat dn djnh dudng Id, tiet dien dUdng Id bj thu hep dan lai, mdt sd vi trf nUdc chay vao dudng Id nhieu tren doan Id di qua phay F l . Dieu nay anh hudng den kha nang thdng qua, thdng gid, an toan eho ngudi va thiet bj trong dudng 16.
Trudc day, Cdng ty TNHH MTV Than Ddng Vdng da nhieu lan x i i ly bang cae bien phap nhU: ddng cpc thep ray vao vung phay pha, chdng tang cudng, xen Id md rdng lai tiet dien bj thu hep nhung
KHCNM S 6 6/2010* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo
khdng mang lai hieu qua do nhieu nguyen nhan nhu: ket ca'u khdng dam bao chju lue, nude ngam nhieu...
Hien tai, doan Id qua phay bj bdp bep mat dn djnh, dang chd'ng bang vi thep CBn-22, khoang each giua cae vi ehdng 0,35m/vi (0,5), Ssd = 3,5 m^ (nhd nha't). Chdng dpi 2 Idp, tren nde cd nhieu thep ray, thep edt vi chdng nhdi len de khae phuc hien tupng mat dn dinh, bdp meo vi chdng va chd'ng xen lai (dao Id qua doan nay do Cdng ty than Ddng Vdng tu thi cdng). Tiet dien dudng Id ed xu hudng bj thu nhd lai, khdng dam bao eho van tai, thdng gid va dn djnh lau dai.
Theo yeu cau md rdng san xua't, dudng Id van tai miic +131 se phuc vu eho khu khai thac cd thdi gian tdn tai khoang 50 nam vdi trU lUpng tu 5 den 6 trieu tan, do vay can lap dat he thd'ng dudng godng 900 mm va tuyen bang tai dpc theo dudng Id nay, vdi hien trang nhu vay dudng 16 nay khdng dap iing 6dgc kha nang thdng qua ve van tai, thdng gid; va an toan trong san xua't. Nham khdi phuc lai dudng Id dap ung yeu cau eOa san xua't, Cdng ty than Ddng Vdng phd'i hpp vdi Vien KHCN Md - TKV lap "Bien phap dao, chd'ng Id qua phay F1 tai dudng Id xuyen via miic +131".
3. Lira chon thiet bj va qui trinh cong nghe bdm ep vOra
3.1- Lua chon thiet bi bam ep vda xi mang la mot khau quan trong trong qua trinh thiet ke: Cd the chpn thiet bj diia vao nhung nguyen tac sau day:
- May bom dung de bom ep vua xi mang phai bao dam eung cap mdt ap lUe Idn hdn
1,5 ap lue bom ep vOra Idn nha't ma thie't ke quy djnh, bao dam bom ep vUa lien tue, ke ea ndng dp vUa Idn nhat, bao dam kha nang trdn vUa phu hpp vdi kha nang van ehuyen vua cCia may.
- Ddng eO eua thiet bi sii dung tdt nhat la ddng cd dien.
Trong trudng hpp thieu dien, cd the sii dung ddng co diezen loai 6 -H12 ma liie.
- Ong din vUa phai bao dam chju dupc ap liie bang 1,5 ap lue thiet ke. TrUde khi sii dung phai thf nghiem xac djnh kha nang chju ap lUe dd, nha't la ddi vdi cac dng eao su mem dung de nd'i eae dng sat lai vdi nhau. Dudng kfnh dng phai bao dam viia luu thdng de dang, tranh tinh trang vt/a lang dpng gay tae dng.
- Ddng hd do ap liie phai 6dgc kiem tra thudng xuyen, sai sd khdng vUpt qua 5%.
- Cac thiet bj bOm ep viia phai ed sd lupng dii trOr, tranh gian doan trong liic bom ep, neu xay ra sU cd.
Mdi doan bom ep thudng phai dpn, riia sue Id, bOm va bao dudng nhieu lan vOra mdi ed the di sau vao dja tang, ddng ket ciing ehae eho den khi ket thue bdm vCira.
Do ddi phay sap Id anh hudng den mat da't lam eho tang da't da phfa tren phay cung trd thanh rdng, xdp, ddn vun, tao ra eae mach thdng thoang eua vQra. Dugc bom ep dudi ap lue day khuyeeh tan theo chieu cd liie can nhd, vi/a di vao Idp da rdng, xdp, ddn, vun phia tren mdt each de dang.
Day chuyen thiet bi bao gdm: may khoan Id khoan - may trpn vOra - may khuay vOra - may bdm ep vOra va he thdng dudng dng d i n vUa, cae ddng hd do ap luc va luu lupng, cac tampon va cac van dieu chinh.
Chon may khoan ma hieu PPN-2 cua Nhat Ban, cd the khoan dupc tdi chieu sau 50m.
Day la loai may khoan, gpn, nhe, chay bang khf nen, thfch hpp vdi dudng Id ed khdng gian lam viee chat hep. May bom ep vd'a loai trung ap, ma hieu TTB100/20, may khuay ma hieu TTJ - 1000, may trpn viia ma hieu TTP-800. Day la cac thiet bj ehinh trong day ehuyen thie't bj bom ep vUa, c6 cae dac tfnh ky thuat tUdng thfch vdi nhau va lap ghep lai thanh mdt day chuyen ddng bp, dam bao cae thdng sd ky thuat bom ep nhu luu lupng, ap lue bPm phu hpp vdi dieu kien phay pha va dieu kien nude ngam.
3.2 - Qui trinh cong nghe bam ep vQa:
a. Sa do cong nghe: So 66 edng nghe bom ep vOra 6dgc the hien tren hinh 1.
b. Qui trinh cong nghe.
*Trinh ti/cong tac bdm vCra 1. Cho nude vao may trpn.
2. Cho phu gia (khi can thiet) thdng thudng 2% (khdng qua 4%).
3. Cho xi mang vao may trpn khi may trpn dang quay.
4. Trpn 4 den 5 phut.
5. D6 hdn hop sang may khuay.
6. Khuay lien tue di sii dung, hdn hpp can 6dgc sii dung trong thdi gian 30 phut, viia khuay vCra bom ep hdn hpp.
KHCNM s o 6/2010* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe mo
DH nirdc
Xi mSng +
Phu gia — • May tron
i i
Nirdc
— • May khuay vuTa — • May bom vOra — •
. • i
^.
Van mieng 16
1 ' Kim phut
i r
Hinh 1. sa dd cong nghe bam ep viJa
Dia tang tie'p nhan viia Nut ch§n vOra
Van hanh may bdm ep vOa.
- Chay thii may bOm: Dau nd'i dudng dng dan vOra cua may bOm, md van xa ap cua bom vuTa va eho chay bOm thCr xa nude sach. Neu trang thai may va dudng dng binh thudng thi cd the tie'n hanh bom vOra.
- Xac dinh va dieu chinh ndng dp vC/a :
Can eii vao sU thay ddi eua ap sua't bom de xae djnh va dieu ehinh ndng dp cua vCfa.
Cae Id khoan bom trong ddi phay ed nham thach mem yeu, lupng hap thu vi/a Idn, vOra rat de khueeh tan, ap sua't tha'p, neu lUpng hap thu viia Idn thi can dieu chinh ty le xi mang/ nude, loai vu'a dae.
Trong qua trinh bOm ep vu'a neu nhu thdi gian bom lau ap suat khdng tang, thi ndng dp ciia vua ed the tang dan len.
Sau khi ke niit bj chen lap thi can phai bPm vi/a loang de viia chen chat vao cac khe hd nhd va md rdng 6dgc ban kfnh khueeh tan.
* Cdng tae san xua't vu'a.
a, Vat lieu san xuat vQa:
Mda dung de bPm ep 6dgc ehe tao tU mdt trong cac loai xi mang dang luu hanh tren thj trudng, du tieu chuan chat lupng va ed bd sung phu gia.
Nude dung de trdn vu'a la nude sach, dupc bom tU tram bom cap nude chung eua khu viie qua dudng cap nUde chung.
b, San xuat vOa:
Viec san xua't vu'a bOm ep tai hien trUdng do tUng cum bom ep dam nhiem. VUa dupe
KHCNM S 6 6/2010* CNKT HAM LO
Thong tin khoa hoc cong nghe m o
trdn trong may khuay. VOra 6dgc trdn deu dam bao dp nhuyen, cd dp linh ddng cao va true tiep cap vao may bOm.
* Cdng tae kiem tra ket qua bom ep vu'a xi mang
- Sau khi ket thue edng viee bom ep xi mang dai tra tdi thieu 7 ngay, tien hanh khoan Id khoan kiem tra.
- Riia sach Id khoan, do mue nude dn dinh, dat nut, bom ep nude, do ehe dp hap thu nudc, kiem tra xem dp hap thu nudc don vj.
- Cac Id khoan kiem tra xong 6dgc lap lai ngay bang vi/a xi mang.
* Cdng tac lap tai lieu - So 66 vj trf Id khoan bom ep va Id khoan kiem tra.
- Ket eau Id khoan bOm ep xi mang va hinh tru lo khoan.
- Bieu ghi chep tfnh toan ket qua bom ep nude.
- Bieu ghi chep qua trinh bom ep vi/a va ket qua bom ep hd trp.
- Bieu ket qua tdng hpp bPm ep xi mang.
4. Ho chieu bdm ep viJra xi mang
Tai doan Id qua phay Fl miic +131 cd 4 loai tiet dien khac nhau. Diia vao kich thudc, hinh dang tiet dien, chu vi dudng Id de bd trf cae Id khoan sao eho khi bOm ep vQra xi mang dam bao eho vGra xi mang lan tda 6dgc het toan bd khdi da't da xung quang dudng Id. Theo tfnh toan, chieu dai Id khoan la 7 met va ban kfnh khueeh tan eija vUa trong pham vi 2m. 6 day xin gidi thieu mdt hd chieu dien hinh:
doan nK433,6 ^ nK446,6; tiet dien hinh thang; Sd = 6,3 m^;
g6m 9 vdng Id khoan G, H, I, K, L, M, N, O, P khoang each giura hai vdng 1,5m, chieu dai Id khoan l=7m, mdi vdng cd 7 Id khoan, sd met khoan bOm ep eua doan nay la: 441 m.
Tdng edng toan bp:
+ So met dudng Id can bOm ep: 31,1 met
+ Sd Id khoan: 152 Id + Chieu dai Id khoan: 7m va 9 m.
+ Tong sd met khoan: 1120 m + Tdng sd lupng vi/a can bdm ep: 1145,5 m^.
+ So lupng xi mang:
870,5tan
+ LUPng phu gia cae loai:
17,4 tan'
+ Lupng nude eho viia:
870,5 m l
Hd chieu bom ep 6\jgc xay dung tren cd sd xae dinh ban kfnh lan toa eua vUa vao vung can gia cUdng va lUpng hap thu vUa ddn vj. Thanh phan vUa xi mang gia ed cd lien quan den mure dp niit ne cCia khdi dja tang va kfeh thudc cua khe niit can bom ep vUa xi mang. Do bdm ep vUa xi mang la edng viee dupc thiic hien trong Idng dat, khdng the nhin tha'y 6dgc. Mat khae, dieu kien dja chat tUPng ddi phiic tap, du kien trong qua trinh thi edng thue te khdi lupng dung djch vua xi mang se lech so vdi nhiing tfnh toan tren, nen can eii vao khdi lupng dung djch vOra xi mang thiie te da hap thu.
y^C^'t Vung gSn phay pha dia chi'l
JSS-JSS^Jj^^Ji khoan-cp vOa gia cucm;
Hinh2. Hd chieu bam ep vua xi mang tLrnK426 den ITK 428 Id xuyen via+131.
(Tiep theo d trang 17)
KHCNM SO 6/2010* CNKT HAM LO