Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)/2:3-9
Sir DA DANG TRONG HE GEN CUA MOT SO GIONG DAU TU^ONG {Glycine max (L.) Merrill) DIA PHUTONG
Chu Hoang Mau , Nguyen Vu Thanh Thanh', Dinh Ngoc Huong\Hoang Van Manh^, Le Due Huan^
Dgi hoc Thdi Nguyen. ' Tnr&ng DH Khoa hgc - DH Thdi Nguyen
\ 'ien Khoa hoc sir sdng - DH Thdi .Nguyen
TOM
TATBa muai giong dau tuang dia phuang Viet Nam co su da dang ve mau sac hat, hinh dang hat, mau sac ron hat va khoi lugng 1000 hat. Su dung ky thuat RAPD sang loc vai 25 moi ngau nhien co kich thuac 10 nucleotide de danh gia su da dang di truyen cr muc phan tu ciia 30 giong dau tuang {Glycine max (E.) Merrill) dia phuang. Ket qua da xac dinh dugc cac phan doan DNA dugc nhan ban trong phan ung RAPD vol 16/25 moi, trong do co 9/16 moi the hien tinh da hinh cao va ham lugng thong tin da hinh co gia tri PIC > 0,5. So phan doan DNA dugc nhan ban vol moi moi dao dgng tii 2- 8 va tong so phan doan DNA dugc nhan ban vai 16 moi a ca 30 giong dau tuong la 1388. He so da dang di truyen cua 30 giong dau tuong dira tren chi thi RAPD vai 16 moi ngau nhien la HRAPD = 66,23%. He so sai khac di truyen cua timg cap giong dau tuang nghien ciiu dao dgng tii- 4% den 42%. Da phat hien dugc 6 chi thi phan tii- RAPD dac trung a 6 giong dau tuang dia phuang:
VNIc6/M2-2,0 kb; VNIclO/M2-0,6 kb; VNIcl/M5-l,2 kb; VNIc22/M7-0,6 kb; VNIC87MI0-0,4 kb;
VNIcl5/MI5-0,6. Khoang each di truyen va bieu do hinh cay (dendrogram) dugc thiet lap nha phuang phap UPGMA, cac giong dau tuang nghien ciru dugc phan bo o 8 nhom (I, II, III, IV, V , VI, VII, VIII) thugc 2 nhanh trong cay phat sinh vai khoang each di truyen la 31%.
Til' khoa: Chi thj RAPD. da dgng dl truyin, ddu tuang dja phuo-ng. Glycine max, sa do hinh cdy.
MODAU
Dau tuang {Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) con goi la dau nanh la mot cay trong can ngan ngay CO gia tri kinh te cao. Kho co the co tim thay mpt cay trong nao co tac dung nhieu mat nhir cay dau tuong. San pham ciia no lam thuc pham cho con nguoi, thuc an cho gia sue, nguyen lieu cho cong nghiep, hang xuat khau va la cay cai tao dat tot [5]. Hien nay, ca nuoc da hinh thanh 6 viing san xuat dau tuo'ng: vung Dong Nam bo co dien tich lo'n nhat (26,2%
dien tich dau tuoiig ca nu'oc), mien nui Bac bp:
24,7%, dong bang song Hong: 17,5%, d6ng bang song Cu'u Long: 12,4%[1]. Tong dien tich 4 vung nay chiem 80% dien tich trong dau tuoiig ca nuoc, con lai la dong bang ven bien mien Trung va Tay Nguyen [3].
Cac giong dau tuoiig a niroc ta bien nay rat phong phu bao gom cac giong dau tuong nhap npi, giong lai tao, giong dau tuong dot bien va tap doan cac giong dau tuo'ng dia phuong. Cac giong dau tuong dja phuong
* Tel: 0913383289; Email: mauchdhtnfdgmail.com
Viet Nam cung rat da dang, phong phu ca ve kieu hinh va kieu gen. Day la nguon vat lieu quy cho cong tac chpn tao giong dau tuong phu hop voi dieu kien san xuat ciia tiing viing, mien khac nhau [8].
Danh gia su da dang di truyen ciia cac giong dau tuong dja phuong tao ca sa cho cong tac chpn tao giong da va dang dupe nhieu nha khoa hpc quan tam nghien cuu. Hien nay, cac nha khoa hpc da su' dung nhieu phuong phap moi trong nghien ciru su da dang di truyen cua cac giong cay trong noi chung va ciia cay dau tuong noi rieng nhu RAPD, RELP, AELP, SSR, STS,... Cac pbuong phap nay khong nhung phat huy hieu qua ma con khac phuc nhugc diem ciia cac phuong phap chpn giong truyen thong boi hieu qua sang lpc cao, tiet kiem thai gian va tin cay.
Trong nhung nam gan day nhieu cong trinh nghien cu-u sii- dung ky thuat sinh hoc phan tir de danh gia su da dang di truyen ciia cay dau tuo'ng da dupe cong bo. Nam 2002, Li va cs da phan tich 10 giong dau tuong trong va dau tuo'ng dai a bon tinh ciia Trung Quoc da bo
3
Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)72: 3 - 9 sung dQ- lieu ve sir da dang chi thi phan tir
RAPD ciia cac giong dau tuang nay [7]. Su da dang di truyen ciia cac cay dau tuang dai {Glycine soja Siebold et Zucc.) a viing Vien Dong cua nuoc Nga ciing da dupe danh gia a mirc phan tir bai Seitova va cs (2004) [10].
Nhirng nghien ciru da duac cong bo ve su da dang di truyen va cau triic quan the dau tuong a Han Quoc ciia Gyu-Taek Cho va cs (2008) [6], a Nhat Ban ciia Xingliang Zhou va cs (2002) [13], a Canada cua Yong- Bi Fu (2007) [16]. Yiwu Chen va Randall (2005) [14], Yiwu Chen va cs (2006) [15].
6 Viet Nam, Chu Hoang Mau va cs (2002) da sir dung ky thuat RAPD de phan tich su sai khac ve he gen giii-a cac dong dau tuong dot bien vai nhau va voi giong goc, tao ca sa cho chpn dong dot bien co trien vpng [9], Vii Anh Dao (2009), danh gia su da dang di truyen a mue phan tii- ciia 16 giong dau tuong vai 10 moi ngau nhien bang ky thuat RAPD da thu dupe tong so phan doan DNA la 766 [2]. Vu Thanh Tra va cs (2006) da su- dung ky thuat SSR de danh gia tinh da dang di truyen ciia cac giong dau tuong dia phuong co phan iing khac nhau voi benh gi sat [12]. Hoang Thi Thao (2010), bang ky thuat RAPD voi viec sii- dung 10 moi ngau nhien da nhan dupe 1208 phan doan DNA dupe nhan ban ngau nhien tit- he gen ciia 30 giong dau xanh. Trong 10 moi ngau nhien su dung tbi ca 10 moi bieu hien tinb da hinh. Ket qua phan tich cho thay, 30 giong dau xanh nghien ciru chia thanh 2 nhom chinh, he so tuang dong di truyen giira 2 nhom la 67% (tii'c sai khac 33%) [11].
Trong nghien ciiu nay, chiing toi trinh bay ket qua danh gia sir da dang di truyen ciia 30 giong dau tuong {Glycine max (L.) Merrill) dia phuong bang ky thuat RAPD, nham tao co sa cho viec tuyen chpn cac giong dau tuang dia phuong CO chat lupng tot, nang suat cao lam vat lieu chpn giong va gop phan baa ton va phat trien nguon gen cay dau tuong dia phuong.
VAT LIEU VA PHUONG P H A P
Vat lieu
Chung toi sir dung hat cua 30 giong dau tuong lam vat lieu nghien ciiu, trong do 20
gidng do Vien nghien ciru Ngo cung cap va 10 giong do Trung tam giong cay trong ciia cac tinh cung cSp. Ba muai giong dau tuong dia phuong co ky hieu la: VNIcl, VNlc2, VNIc3, VNlc4, VNIc5, VNlc6, VNIc7, VNIc8, VNIc9, VNlclO, VNIcl 1, VNlcl2, VNIcl3, VNlcM, VNlcl5, VNlcl6, VNlcl7, VNlcl8, VNlcl9, VNlc20, VNlc21, VTMlc22, VNlc23, VNIc24, VNlc25, VNlc26, Vnl27, VNlc28, VNlc29, VNIc30.
Phiro'ng phap nghien ciru
Tach chiet DNA tdng so theo Gawel va Jarret (1991). Kilm tra ham lupng va dp tinh sach DNA bang phuong phap quang pho hap thu va dien di tren gel agarose 0,8%.
Phan irng RAPD dugc tien hanh voi cac moi ngau nhien theo phuong phap ciia Foolad va cs (1995). Sir dung 25 moi ngau nhien dugc tong hgp bai hang Invitrogen, moi moi dai 10 nucleotide. Phan irng RAPD dugc thuc hien trong 25pl dung djch tren thiet bj nhan DNA AB- Systems.
San pham RAPD dugc dien di tren gel agarose 1,8%, nhupm ethidium bromide va chup anh de pban tich. Cac so lieu RAPD dugc xir ly tren may vi tinh theo phan mem NTSYS pc version 2.0 (USA, 1998).
Xac dinh he so da dang di truyen (Genetic Diversity Index) trong cau triic DNA dira tren cac phan doan DNA dugc nhan ban (HRAPD)
theo cong thirc: u - V f^
" ' ' KAI-O ~ / .J ,
HRAPD 'a he so da dang di truyen; fi la tAn suat ciia alen thii i
KET QUA VA T H A O LUAN
Sir da dang ve dac diem hinh thai va khoi lu'O'ng 1000 hat cua cac giong dau tirang nghien ciru
Hinh thai va khoi lugng hat la mpt trong nhii'ng dac tinh quan trpng dugc quan tain trong cong tac chgn tao giong dau tuong. Ket qua nghien ciru mpt s6 dac diem hinh thai va khoi lugng 1000 hat ciia cac giong dau tuong nghien ciiu dugc trinh bay a bang 1.
Khoi lugng 1000 hat la mpt trong cac yiu t6 quan trpng cau thanh nang suAt cua cay dau
• • • : (
Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dig Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)/2: 3 - 9 tuong, tinh trang nay do kieu gen chi phoi va
CO the thay doi do che dp cham soc, miia vu va dieu kien moi truong. Ket qua a bang 1 cho thay, khoi lugng 1000 hat cua cac giong dau tuong bieu hien khac nhau va phu thupc vao kich thuac va dp dong deu ciia hat. Khoi lugng hat cua 30 giong dau tuong dao dgng tir 74,6g den 194,61g. Trong cac giong dau tuong nghien ciru thi giong VNIc8 khoi lupng hat cao nhat 194,61g, thap nhat la giong VNlc28 CO khoi lupng 74,6g. Mau vo hat ciia cac giong dau tuong nghien cuu bieu hien su da dang, bao gom: Vang, vang trang, vang dam, vang xanh, vang loang, vang phot xanh, vang nhat, xanh vang, xanh nhat, nau, den.
Mau sac chu yeu ciia ron hat a cac giong dau tuong nghien ciru la mau den, mau nau, mau nau dam, mau nau den. Day la dac diem hinh thai quan trong sir dung trong chgn giong de nhan dang giong dau tuong trong. Ve hinh Bang 1. Dac diem hinh thai va khoi
dang hat, cac giong dau tuong nghien cuu co nhieu binh dang khac nhau, bao gom hinh tru, 6 van va hinh trii'ng.
Ket qua phan tich mau sac vo hat. mau ron hat, hinh dang hat va khoi lupng 1000 hat da cho thay su da dang ve hinh thai, kich thuoc hat ciia cac giong dau tupng dia phuong. Day chinh la co- so de danh gia hien trang nguon gen cay dau tupng dja phuang Viet Nam va cung la nguon vat lieu chpn giong phong phu can duoc khai thac CO hieu qua.
Ket qua khuech dai cac doan DNA duo'c nhan ban ngau nhien
La non dau tuang 14 ngay tuoi dugc sir dung de tach chiet DNA tong so. Kiem tra chat lupng tach chiet DNA bang phuang phap dien di tren gel agarose 0,8% va xac dinh ham lupng DNA tren may quang pho a buoc song 260 nm va 280 nm.
lugng 1000 hat cua 30 giong dau tuong TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ten giong VNIcl VNIc2 VNlc3 VNIc4 VNIc5 VNIc6 VNIc7 VNIc8 VNIc9 VNlclO VNIcl 1 VNIcl2 VNIcl 3 VNIcM VNIcl 5 VNIcl 6 VNIcl7 VNIcl 8 VNIcl9 VNIc20 VNlc2l VNIc22 VNIc23 VNIc24 VNIc25 VNlc26 VNIc27 VNIc28 VNIc29 VNIc30
Mau sac hat Vang trang Vang trang Vang dam
Vang Xanh nhat Xanh nhat
Vang Vang Xanh nhat Vang nhat
Den Xanh vang
Vang Nau dam Vang xanh Xanh vang
Vang Xanh vang
Vang Vang Vang Vang Den V4ng
Nau Vang loang
Xanh vang Vang phot xanh
Vang Vang
Hinh dang hat 0 van Trimg 0 van 0 van 0 van 6 van 0 van Trirng 0 van 0 van 0 van O van 0 van 6 van O van 6 van 0 van 6 van Tru 6 van
Tru 0 van Trimg Trimg 6 van 6 van 0 van 0 van Tru 0 van
.; , Kholluonp 1000 hat Mau ron hat
Den Den Nau Nau nhat
Nau Nau Nau Nau Nau Nau nhat
Den Den Den Nau Nau dam
Nau Den Nau Nau dam
Den Nau Nau dam
Den Nau Nau dam Nau dam Nau dam
Nau Nau den
Den
• ( g )
148,90 185,40 189,30 162,80 112,50 101,52 162,90 194,61 103,54 148,45 105,30 102,50 139,10 103,30 102,60 104,80 90,40 108,30
75,00 113,60
91,80 115,00 158,70 153,80 166,80 83,30 100,50
74,60 103,30
93,20
Cnu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)/2:3-9 Hinh 1 cho th4y DNA t6ng so co mot bang
duy nhat, ro net a gan gieng truyen mau. Ket qua kilm tra».DNA tren may quang pho cho thay dung dich DNA tach chiet dugc eo ham lupng va dp tinh sach (ty so A260/A280 la 1,8 - 2,0) dam bao va co the sii- dung cho cac phan tich DNA tiep theo.
Sau khi tach chiet DNA tong so, chiing toi pha loang DNA ve nong dp 50ng/pl, va tien hanh sang lpc vai 25 moi ngau nhien trong phan iing RAPD, ket qua da xac dinh dugc 16 moi cho ket qua khuech dai cac phan doan DNA til- he gen ciia 30 giong dau tuo'ng. Ket qua cho thay, tong so cac phan doan DNA dugc nban ban voi 16 moi la 93 phan doan, trong do CO 76 phan doan cho tinh da binh (chiem 81,72 %) va khong da hinh la 17 phan doan (chiem 18,28 %). Kich thuoc cac phan doan DNA dugc nban ban trong khoang tii- 0,25 - 2,5kb. So lugng cac phan doan tuo-ng
irng voi moi moi dao dpng tir 2 - 8 phan doan, trong do moi Ml 1 va MTr2 nhan ban dugc it nhat (2 phan doan), con m6i M7 va MTr4 nhan ban dugc nhieu nhat (8 phan doan).
Trong s6 16 m6i nghien ciiu thi deu cho ket qua da hinh, miic do da hinh ciia 16 moi dao dgng tir 50 - 100%, moi bieu hien tinh da hinh thap nhat do la m6i MIO va M16 (50%), m6i bieu hien tinh da hinh cao nhat la cac moi M l , M5, M7, M8, M15, M17, MTr4 (100%) (Bang 2).
Gia tri PIC dupe sir dung de do ham lugng thong tin da hinh, gia tn PlC^^khong chi lien quan toi ty le phan doan DNA da hinh" ma con lien quan true tiep voi so lug'ng ca the cimg xuat hien phan doan da hinh lon hay nho. Tir bang 2 cho thay, co 9/16 mdi RAPD (Ml, MTr4, M7, M5, M17, M4, M2, M15, M8 ) cho ket qua da hinh cao, voi gia trj PIC > 0,5.
Bang 2. Ty le phan doan DNA da hinh ciia 16 moi RAPD Moi So phan doan D N A
duoc nhan ban
Ty le phan doan da hinh
' (%)
Moi So phan doan DNA duoc nhan ban
'le phan doan da hinh
(%) Ml
M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M8 M9
7 7 5 -. 7 7 8 7 6
100 85,7 60,0 85,7 100 100 100 66,7
MIO Mil M14 M15 M16 MI7 MTr2 MTr4
6 2 4 6 6 5 2 8
50,0 0 75,0
100 50,0 100 0 100
M
g
2Kb •—
t J S K l . — a.78»U> —
1 2 3 4 S « 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 15
•«;.;-^^«»':iiss;'^./.^:^..--:S;;..;::f:;-.;--:r,:-.-.;::. -'Z .'.-: \:;;. ., .„.
^^^^E J ^ ^ H H
M 1ft 17 J 8 19 2 0 2 1 22 2A 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0
iJEfOt — __ ,.„ ... ™.. „ _ _ „ "J^JLllm •iiii.jjjj mu
0..9 Kb « '"^^'^^^H^^^^^BMft
*tas Kb .H- ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ B
MIO ^ V i P P
JHinh 1. Anh dien di san pham RAPD vai moi M2 va MIO ciia 30 giSng dau tuang
Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)/2: 3 - 9 Ky hiiu: M: Marker Ikb
I.VNlcl, 2,VNIc2, 3.VNlc3, 4.VNlc4, 5.VNlc5, 6.VNIc6, 7.VNlc7, 8.VNIc8, 9.VNlc9, lO.VNIclO, 11.VNIcl 1, 12.VNlcl2, 13.VNIcl3, l4.VNIcl4, l5.VNlcl5, l6.VNIcl6, l7.VNlcl7, l8.VNIcl8, l9.VNIcl9, 20.VNlc20, 2I.VNlc2l, 22.VNlc22, 23.VNlc23, 24.VNIc24, 25.VNIc25, 26.VNIc26, 27.Vnl27, 28.VNIc28, 29.VNlc29, 30.VNlc30
Bang 3. Ham lugng thong tin da hinh (PIC) ciia cac moi ngau nhien trong phan irng RAPD khi nhan ban DNA CLia 30 giong dau tuang dja phuang
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Ten moi Ml M2 M3 M4 M5 M7 M8 M9
PIC 0,88 0,67 0,48 0,76 0,81 0,83 0,5?.
0,46
STT 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
Ten moi MIO MII MI4 MI5 MI6 MI7 MTr2 MTr4
PIC 0,49 0 0,30 0,66 0,33 0,80 0 0,87 He so da dang di truyen va cac phan doan
DNA dac trung ciia cac giong dau tuo'ng nghien ciru
Can cir vao tan suat xuat hien cac alen trong timg locus, su- dung cong thirc tinh he so da dang di truyen dua tren cac dtr lieu phan tich RAPD chiing toi da xac dinh dupe he so da dang di truyen (HRAPD) ciia 30 giong dau tuomg trong pham vi 16 moi sii' dung cho phan ling RAPD la 66,23%. Ket qua nay cho thay cac giong dau tuong dia phuong Viet Nam bieu hien sir da dang di truyen cao a miic phan tu-. Day chinh la nguon gen phong phii cung cap cho chpn giong dau tuong.
Ket qua phan tich RAPD ciing la ca so de chiing toi xac djnh cac chi thi RAPD dac trung cua cac giong dau tuong nghien cuu (Bang 4). Bang 4 cho thay, moi M2 xuat hien kich thuoc 2kb dac trung cho giong VNlc6 (VNIc6/M2-2,0kb) va kich thuoc 0,6 kb dac trung d6i vai gidng VNlclO (VNlcl0/M2-0,6 kb). Moi M5 co kich thuoc 1,2 kb dac trung cho gi6ng VNIcl (VNlcl/M5-l,2 kb), m6i M7 CO kich thuoc 0,6kb dac trung doi voi giong VNIc22 (VNIc22/M7-0,6kb). Moi MIO CO kich thuoc 0,4kb dac trung vai giong VNlc8 (VNic8/M 10-0,4 kb). M6i M15 xuat hien kich thuoc 0,6 kb dac trung cho giong VNIcl5 (VNIcl5/M15-0,6kb). Nhu vay, su'
dung 16 moi trong phan ung RAPD de nhan ban cac phan doan DNA tii' he gen cua 30 giong dau tuong dia phuong da xac djnh dugc 6 chi thi phan tii' RAPD dac trung a 6 giong dau tirong voi 5 moi ngau nhien (M2, M5, M7, MIO, M15).
Moi quan he di truyen cua cac giong dau tuo'ng nghien cii'u
Til' ket qua phan tich hinh anh dien di san pham RAPD, chiing toi thong ke cac bang dien di va xii' ly so lieu phan tich RAPD bang phan mem NTSYSpc version 2.0i nham xac djnh khoang each di truyen gitra cac giong dau tuong nghien cuu thong qua he so tuang dong di truyen va bieu do hinh cay.
He so tuoiig dong di truyen ciia 30 giong dau tuong nghien ciru dao dgng tir 0,58 - 0,96 (he so sai khac di truyen la 0,04-0,42). Trong do, 1 cap giong co he so dong dang di truyen cao nhat (0,96) la: VNlclO va VNIcl3; 6 cap giong CO he so dong dang di truyen nho nhat (0,58) la: VNlc4/VNlcl6, VNlc3/VNlc23,
VNlc4/VNlc25, VNIc4/VNlc29, VNlc5/VNlc25, VNIc5/VNlc29. Cac giong
dau tuong dja phuong dugc phan b6 a 8 nhom (1, II, 111, IV, V , VI, VII, VIII) thupc 2 nhanh trong cay phat sinh voi khoang each di truyen la 3 1 % (Hinh 2).
Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 85(09)/2: 3 - 9 Bang 4. Chi thi RAPD dac trung ciia cac gi6ng dau tuong nghien ciru
Gidng dau tucmg M2 M5 M7 MIO •Ml 5
VNIcl VNIc8 VNIc9 VNlclO VNIcl 5 VNIc22
- - 2kb 0,6 kb
- -
1,2 kb
0,4 kb
0,6kb
0,6 kb
>VIII
He so giong nhau
Hinh 2. Sa do hinh cay bieu thj moi quan he di truyen KET LUAN
Cac giong dau tuong nghien ciru co su da dang ve mau sac hat, hinh dang hat, mau sac ron hat va khoi lugng 1000 hat. Khoi lugng 1000 bat ciia cac giong dau tuo'ng dao dpng tii' 74,6g den 194,61 g. Trong do, giong VNlc8 co khoi lugng hat cao nhat (194,61g), thap nhat la giong VNlc28 (74,6g).
Sang lpc 25 moi ngau nhien trong phan irng RAPD da xac dinh dugc 16 moi cho ket qua nhan ban cac phan doan DNA tir he gen ciia 30 giong dau tuong dia phuong nghien ciru va khuech dai dugc 1388 phan doan DNA. Trong so cac moi sii' dung co 9/16 moi bieu hien tinh da hinh cao (Ml, MTr4, M7, M5, Ml7, M4, M2, M15, M8 ), voi gia tn PIC > 0,5.
va sir phan b6 ciia 30 giSng dau tuong nghien ciru He so da dang di truyen ciia cac giong dau tuang dua tren phan tich RAPD voi 16 m6i ngau nhien la HRAPD = 66,23%). He s6 sai khac di truygn ciia tirng cap giong dau tuong nghien cuu dao dpng tir 4% din 42%. Da xac djnh dugc 6 chi thj phan tu' RAPD dac trung a 6 giong dau tuang dia phuo'ng: VNIc6/M2- 2,0kb; VNIcl0/M2-0,6kb; VNIcI/M5-l,2kb;
VNIc22/M7-0,6kb; VNlc8/M10-0,4kb;
VNIcl 5/M15-0,6kb.
Cae gidng dau tuong nghien cuu dugc phan bo 6- 8 nhom (I, II, III, IV, V , VI, Vl'l, VIII) thugc 2 nhanh trong cay phat sinh vai khoang cachdi truyen la 31%).
L O I C A M ON: Cong trinh duac thuc hien vd hodn thdnh vdi sir hd tra kinh phi cua De tdi Du dn TRIG.
8
Chu Hodng Mdu vd Dtg Tap chi KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE 8 5 ( 0 9 ) / 2 : 3 - 9 TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
[1]. Vu Anh Dao. Nguyen Vu Thanh Thanh, Chu Hoang Mau (2009). Danh gia sir da dang di truySn a mijrc phan tir ciia mot so gi6ng dau tuong (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) dia phucmg, Tgp chi Khoa hgc&Cdng nghe-Dat hge Thdi Nguyen: 57(9): 85-90.
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S U M M A R Y
T H E D I V E R S I T Y IN G E N O M E O F S O M E V I E T N A M E S E L O C A L S O Y B E A N C U L T I V A R S {Glycine max (L.) Merrill)
Chu Hoang Mau'*, Nguyen Vu Thanh Thanh^
Dinh Ngoc Huong^, Hoang Van Manh^, Le Due Huan^
'Thai Nguyen University, 'College of Science - TNU, fnstitute of Life Sciences - TNU Thirty cultivars of Vietnamese local soybean have the diversity on color and shape of seeds, color of hilus and 1000 grain weight. Using RAPD technique in screening with 25 random primers, with size of 10 nucleotides is to analyze the genetic diversity at the molecular level of 30 local soybean cultivars (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). The reseach results show that DNA fragments to be amplified with the 16 in 25 primers of RAPD reactions, in which we have 9 /I6 primers high polymorphic expression and polymorphic information content value PIC > 0,5. Total of DNA fragments amplified with each primer ranged from 2 to 8 and total DNA fi-agments was amplified with primer 16 fi'om genome of 30 soybean is 1330. Dissimilar genetic coefficient of each pair of soybean cultivars ranges fi'om 4% to 42% and genetic diversity index of 30 soybean varieties based on RAPD indicators with 16 random primers is HRAPD = 66.23%. Six RAPD markers of characteristic for the local soybean cultivars have been detected: VNlc6/M2-2,0kb; VNIclO/M2- 0,6kb; VNIcl/M5-l,2kb; VNIc22/M7-0,6kb; VNlc8/M10-0,4kb; VNIcl5/MI5-0,'6kb. Genetic distance and tree graph established by UPGMA method, the soybean cultivars is distributed in 8 groups (I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII) ofthe two branches in the dendrogram with the genetic distance is 3 1 % .
Key words: Genetic diversity, Glycine max, dendrogram, local soybean, RAPD marker.
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