Trai sang^ tac dieu khac vcfi van de xa hoi hoa my thuat

VAN HOA NGHF T H I I A T TRONC HMt

Trai sang^ tac dieu khac vcfi van de

xa hoi hoa my thuat

PHAM QU6C TRUNG

My thuat Viet Nam thdi ky hdi nhap dang cd su van ddng phat triin da dang, tuy khdng cdn cd nhirng thdi khac hung phat manh me gay nhieu ngae nhidn doi vdi ngoai nudc nhu cac nam dau thap ky 90 cua TK XX, nhung lai hua hen tilm nang sang tao nghe thuat theo itjp trao luu phat triin ciia cdng dong t h i gidi.

Neu coi ddi song van hda nghe thuat la tam guong phan dnh thuc trang phat triin xa hdi d mdi nudc thi cd t h i coi cdc Imh vuc boat ddng cira my thuat Viet Nam cung dang hoc Id thuc trang thj hiiu tham my va phuong thuc tu duy cua xa hdi Viet Nam giai doan hidn nay.

T

^P ong khi hdi hpa phit tridn cham va ed hudng chuyen nghiep, chuydn sau d nhiiu hpa si thi mot bd phan nghd si khac ed tinh thin tien phong (avant garde) lai bit kip dupe vdi nhip didu va tinh thin eiia nghe thuat trdn the gidi bing nhtmg thit nghidm trong nghd thuat ducmg dai va dd hpa quang eio. Trong khi dd, nganh didu khie lai dang bde Id su bit cap nhit trong vide tim vi thd vdi ddi sdng xa hdi, khi loai hinh tupng dai phat tridn xay dyng hiu khip d cac dia phuong vdi chit lieu bin vutig eiing kich thudc va quy md

ngiy cang dd so, ton kem, lai bde Id sy tri trd, bao thii vi quan niem va tham my. Cd cam giac ring nhihig cdng trinh tupng dai mdi khanh thinh thdi gian gin day d Tuyen Quang, Cao Bing, Sdc Son (Ha Ndi), nga ba Ddng Ldc, Vinh, Ninh Thuan... da keo liii thim my dieu khie tupng dai Vidt Nam ngupe trd lai nhiing nam 60 cua thd ky trudc.

Trong hoan canh khd khan vi diiu kidn vat chit hinh nghe cua da sd cie nha didu khie, viec nhiiu dia phuang, do thiy dupe nhu eiu phat tridn tit yiu cua nghe thuat cdng cdng, tuong trang tri ngoai trdi, da

Khong gian trqi dieu khac Dakruco - 2009

?ISd324 Thang 6-2011

MY T H U A T - KIEN TRPC

ndi tidp td ehiic cac trai sang tac didu khie (TSTDK), gdp phin dem lai nhimg hy vpng mdi vi xu thd thim my va hoat ddng mdi ciia didu khie gin vdi mdi trudng xa hdi mat thidt hon, thay din hinh thiic tupng dii khoa truong, minh hpa, sio mdn, khd eiing. Cd nha phd binh my thuat da gpi nhimg tupng vudn ngoii trdi dupe sang tic trong cie trai didu khie la tuang moi sinh, ham y mdt chiic nang eiia didu khie la tie ddng trye tidp, tuong hd ddn mdi trudng thim my dd thi va ddi sdng cdng cdng. Day cdn dupe coi la mdt hudng phit tridn ciia nghd thuat trong xa hdi hidn dai.

Md diu vdi TSTDK qude td tai Ha Ndi tir nam 1997, din nay, ca nude da cd tren 20 dia didm nhu vay dupe md ra sudt dpc ba miin Bie, Trung, Nam. Ha Ndi di trudc ve sau, md diu mdt xu hudng sang tic didu khie ngoai trdi, sau dd khdng cdn td chite thdm mdt trai nao niia, trong khi cie dia phucmg khie da lidn tue td ehiic eac TSTDK, didn hinh li Hud, bdn canh vide td chiie festival, da cd 5 TSTDK trong cie nam 1998, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008.

TSTDK (symposium) li mdt md hinh timg dupe td chiic d nhiiu nudc trdn thd gidi, dupe eac nha hoat ddng van hda ed vu nhim xa hdi hda nghd thuat, tao co hdi eho cie nghd si gap gd, trao ddi nghi nghidp, cd diiu kidn vat chit, ky thuat dd thd hidn tie phim my thuat nai cdng cdng, gdp phin cai thidn bd mat dd thi, ddi sdng van hda tinh thin ciia xa hdi. Dae biet, md hinh nay cd y nghla hon vdi cie nha dieu khie Viet Nam khi hp dupe tao diiu kien sing tic nhOng tie phim ed kich thudc Idn, bdi thuc ti, rit it nhi dieu khie ed dii diiu kien kinh t i dd sang tie cho rieng minh nhtmg tie phim cd khdi lupng vi kich thudc nhu thudng tha'y d cac trai. Ben canh dd, hp ed cP hdi trao ddi kinh nghiem td chiie khdng gian tupng ngoii trdi, cich xir ly khdi, chit lidu,... vdi nhiiu ddng nghidp trong va ngoai nudc thudc eic thd he khie nhau. Co hdi nay giiip bd khuyit cho hp nhutig bai hpc ma hp it dupe dio tao trong nha trudng cung nhu trong kd thira dieu khie truyin thdng.

Tuy nhidn, sau khi ed dupe nhOng tiin di thuan loi nhit dinh, vide td ehiic cie TSTDK eiing din eho thiy xu hudng a dua, phong trio, trong each td chiic va chit luong nghd thuat, cd nguy CO trd thinh nham chin bdi quin tinh td chiic nhan sy va ldi tu duy cdng thiie eiia nhiiu nghd si. Rd ring, sy chuin bi ehua thiu dao vi quy hoach noi dat tupng, eo sd ha ting bao gdm diiu kidn chidu sing, bao ve, cay xanh... ciing nhu nang lye td ehiic, quy trinh tuydn ehpn vi mdi nghe si, viec giio due y thiic van hda cua ngudi dan dia phuang... dang li nhiing nguyen nhan di din din sy xudng cip cua eac vudn tupng sau khi kdt thiie trai, khdng tao dupe hidu qua van hda nhu mong mudn niu khdng cd sy thay ddi trong cich lim, eieh nghi cua ban td chiic d cie dia phuang.

Til kuih nghidm td chiic TSTDK d nhiiu noi, bdn canh sy keu gpi tai trp eiia ngan sich dia phuong vi cie quy nude ngoai, vide xuit hidn nhtmg cdng ty, nhtmg nha tii trp td chiie va sir dung cie tie phim didu khie tur TSTDK trong quy hoach resort eiia minh cung li nhimg tin hidu tdt ciia vide xa hdi hda. Cho ddn nay, ngoai nhiiu nha hao tam tai trp timg hang muc nhit dinh d tiing TSTDK thi ed le trdn ea nudc, chi cd ba CO sd ddng vai trd Manh Thudng Quan, gdm khu di tich din Ba Chiia Xii (Chau D6c, An Giang), khu du lich Hdn Diu {D6 Son, Hai Phdng) va khu du lich cua cdng ty TNHH cao su Die Lie (Dakruco). Hai TSTDK eiia tinh An Giang do dia phuang vi ban quan ly khu di tich din Ba Chiia Xii tai trp, gin liin vdi quy hoach du lich van hda vi tin ngudng cua dia phuong ndn trong tuong lai, ciing se la nhtmg vudn

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So 324 Thang 6-2011

VAN HQA NGHE T H U A T TRONC MIWC

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tupng dupe quan tam tu bd thudng xuydn.

Ridng tie phim d TSTDK trong cie khu du lich tuy lupng cdng ehiing tidp can bi han chd hon nhung lai dupe bao vd va lya ehpn vj tri phii hpp vdi hinh thiie hon. O khu du lich Hdn Diu, cie sing tac didu khie hoin thanh trong nam 2007 da dupe bd tri theo quy hoach ed tir trudc. Ba TSTDK trong khu du lich Dakruco diu dting gd la chit lieu chit dao va dupe thye hidn theo mdt quy hoach tdng thd chung...

Cd the ndi, sau nhiiu nam td chiic cie TSTDK, ngdn ngir tucmg ngoii trdi da dupe eic nhi didu khie Viet Nam lam quen vi xii ly thanh thao hon, tuy khdng it tic gia vin hdn nhidn mang tu duy lim tupng salon (dat trong phdng) ra sang tic tupmg ngoai trdi. Nhm chung, dae didm nghd thuat ehii ydu cua cie TSTDK vin la sy lap lai vi chit di, ngheo vi y tudng, thidu cam quan ddi sdng hien dai hoae chiiu sau triet hpc mi manh ve tinh trang tri, my nghe, dan gian, phdn thye. Mdt ddi sinh thii vi la trong sd 3 TSTDK trong khu du lich Dakruco dupe td chite eieh nhau 2 nam, trai nam 2007 dupe dinh ridng eho nghd nhan dan gian thudc cie tdc ngudi thidu sd Tay Nguydn thue hien nhiing tie phim theo hmh thiic tupmg nha md eiia ngudi Co tu, Gia rai... Hai trai nam 2009 vi 2011 do eac nghe si dieu khie hien dai tii eic dia phuong trong nudc va mdt so nudc khac thye hien. Mac dii, eac nghe si khi tham gia TSTDK tai mdt dia diem d Tay Nguyen da ed y thiie lien he trong tie phim cua minh nhiing diu in van hda dae sic eiia viing miin, tir viec nhic lai nhimg kdt eiu hoa van, tao khdi mang, theo hudng kd thiia tinh thin nguyen so, thd mpc cua tupng nhi md nhung vin bde Id sy thao nghi, khdn trong tao hinh, khac vdi eieh utig xir vdi chit lieu gd vi tao tupng ciia cie nghd nhan. Mdi chat lidu trong didu khie ddi hdi ngudi nghd si phai thiu hieu va thinh thao eac thudc tinh cua nd khi tao hinh be mat cua khdi tupng. Diiu nay, rd rang cac nghd nhan ngudi dan tdc da lim chu dupe cdng vide sing tao ciia minh vi gd, thidn nhidn, cay cd ciia niii rimg... la mdt phin tam hdn hp. Tupng md ra ddi tit gd rimg, dupe nhiiu dan tpc Tay Nguydn

tao tie va dat trong khung canh ty nhien, mac eho mua, ning, suong gid lam hu hdng rdi tan hda vao thien nhien lam thanh mdt chu trinh ciia ddi sdng. Vdi tu duy tridt hpc thuin phac, con mit nhin the gidi ngay tho va tran trpng su hiing vl, ty do cua ty nhien, eic nghd nhan dan gian da dem lai eho tupng nhi md nhihig phim chit nghd thuat rieng ma ngudi thanh thi dudng nhu danh mit tir lau. Khu vuc biy tupng nha md dupe tao tic trong TSTDK 2007 da bit diu bi hu hai, muc nit, hoang phd, cing lim tang them ve dep hoang so, ky bi eiia nghe thuat tupng nha md ddng thdi cung eho thiy sy huy hoai nhanh chdng cua chit lieu gd trudc miia mua khie nghidt cua cao nguyen.

Dii edn nhieu vin di vi cdng tic td chiie, nhan sy vi y thiie sir dung tic phim sau khi cac TSTDK kit thiie, nhung rd ring dd la mdt linh vyc hiia hen nhiiu sy thay ddi trong tu duy va ky thuat tao hinh cua cac nghd si didu khie Viet Nam. Nhung khich Id nhit la quy md va hinh thiie cac tie pham nghd thuat trong TSTDK da dinh thirc y thiie xa hdi hda nghd thuat, sd hiiu mdt each tran trpng nhung tie pham didu khie nhim muc dich phuc vu dan sinh cua mdt sd td chite, doanh nghiep. Quy md va each td ehirc sing tie didu khie theo md hinh trai phii hpp vdi tiim lye kinh td va tu duy cua hp. Kdt qua cua mdi quan he giiia nha doanh nghiep vi nha nghe si la hai ben cimg ed Ipi. Nhung cii dupe Idn nhit la cdng ehiing ed them nhtmg khu vui choi, dupe nang tim hudng thu van hda thj giic, doanh nghidp cd nhiing tie phim nghi thuat dd trang thidt khu du lich cua minh, nghe si cd eo hdi lim nghe, giao luu hpc hdi vi tic phim dupe bao vd, quan tam hon.

Ndu cd ban khoan thi ehi duy nhit la viec cie tie phim didu khie biy trong eic khu du lich it nhidu bi han che vd lupng cdng ehiing bdi dd la cac khu vyc kinh doanh, ed bin ve.

Ca bidt nhu trudng hpp khu du lich Dakruco, cie tic phim didu khie bing gd bay ngoai trdi se la mdt thich thiic Idn ddi vdi cdng tic bao quan vi sy xam thye cua thdi gian va diiu kien ty nhidn •

RQ.T

Sd 324 Thang 6-2011