NGHIEN CUTULfLUAN
Mpt sd bien phap ren luyen ki nang day hpc tich hdp cho giao vien Toan oi trddng trung hpc phd thong
Phan Ba Le Hien
TrUdng Tmng hpc pho ttiong Le Dian - OSl< Ih 1296 Phan Huy Chu, Buon Ma Thu6t, Oak Lai(, Vi^t Nam Emaii' [email protected]
TOM TAT: Trong nhQng nam gan day, trao tUu d^y hoc tich hop da lan tda dSu khap trong cac nha trudng pho thong, gdp phin khong nhd cho vi$c nSng cao chit luong giao due. Tuy nhien, day la mdt trong nhQng vin dS mdi cho n§n khong it giao vien da gap lung tung trong edng tic giing day. Hon nQa, trudc day giao vien chi dUdc dao t$o ddn mon nen khi nang nhin nhan vSn de lien mon, tieh hop g$p khong it khd khSn. Ben canh dd, edng viec so^n bai va giang day cac ehu de tich hop tieu tdn nhieu thdi gian va kinh te so vdi bai giing truyen thong cho nen mot so giao vl&n khong quan tam dao siu suy nghJva thue hi$n theo hudng nay Qua thuc tS dd, de nang cao chat lupng giio due va bat kip vdi trao luu day hoe hien dai cua the gidi, Bo Giao di^c vi Dao t$o, Sd Giao dijc va Dao tao cac tinh da cd nhieu cuoc thi, nhieu dot bdi dUdng ve liluan day hoc tieh hop eho can bd quin If, giio vien d cd sd nhim giup hp hieu sau hdn liluan va thanh thuc trong thi/c hanh giing day cac bii hqc, chu di tich hop. Trong bai bao nay, tac gii trinh bay mpt so bien phap ren luy$n kT ning day hoe tich hdp eho giao vien Toan d trudng trung hoc ph6 thdng hi$n nay, gdp phan nang cao trinh do liluan va thUc hanh day hoc tich hpp cda giio vidn trung hoc pho thdng.
Jii KHOA: Ki nang; day tioc tich htfp; mon Toan; trUdng trung hpc phd thong.
-> Nhan bai 04/11/2019 ^ Ntign ket quS phan bien vS chinh sila 11/12/2019 -> Duyet Hang 25/01/2020.
1. Dit van de
Ch^t luong dpi ngu nha giao la nhan to quyet dinh thanh c6ng cua viec doi moi can ban toan dien nen giao due (GD) Vi$t Nam trong giai doan moi. Vi vay, de nang cao chat lu^ng day hoc nham dap ung muc tieu, yeu cau cua cong cupc doi moi GD, ngoai viec dao tao sinh vien su pham m^t each bai ban va nghiem tiic thi cong tac boi duong li luSn day hoc, kien thiic, kJ nang cho giao vien (GV) hien it^ la mpt viec lam cap thiet. Trong khi do, giai doan hien nay, trao luu day hoc tich hop dang no rg. GV truac day chi tdugrc dao tao theo huong don mon nen viec tiep can day fcpc tich hpp gap khong it kho khan. Do do, cong tac boi duong cho GV dugc dat ra mpt each cap bach va phai dat duoc hieu qua thong qua cac dot boi duong thucmg xuyen cua Bp Giao due va Dao tao (GD&DT), So GD&DT va cac kk hoach tu b6i duong cua cac nha tmong nham nang cao chSt lupng GD. Trong thuc te, co rat nhieu hinh thirc boi duong, ren luyen cho GV da dugc van dung, mang lai hifu qua. Trong khuon kho bai viet nay, chung toi muon gioi thieu mpt so bien phap giiip GV Toan trung hpc pho thong (THPT) ren luyen cac kT nang day hpc tich hpp. Do do, doi moi cong tac boi duong GV pho thong la r§t c4p thiet. Vi chSt lupng dpi ngii nha giao la nhan to quyet djnh thanh cong cua viec doi moi can ban toan dien nen GD Viet Nam trong giai doan moi.
2. N $ i d u n g n g h i e n cu'u 2.1. Kl nang day hoc tich hdp 2.1.1. Ki nang, day hpc tich help
Theo Tu dien tieng Viet: "Ki nang la kha nang van dung nhijng kien thiic da thu nhan dugc trong mot ITnh vuc nao do ap dung vao thuc te" [I]. Tac gia Le Van Hong va cac cpng su [2] nhin nhan duoi goc dp tam li cho rang: KT nang la kha nang van dung kien thiic de giai quyet mpt nhiem v\i.
Theo Tran Anh Tuan [3], "KT nang day hpc la su th\rc hien CO ket qua mpt so thao tac hay mpt loat thao tac phijc hpp ciia mpt hanh dpng giang day bang each lira chpn va van dung nhung tri thiic chuyen mon va nghiep vu can thiet cho cac tinh huong day hpc xac dinh". Theo Nguyln Nhu An [4], "KT nang day hpc la sir thuc hien co ket qua mpt so thao tac hay mpt loat thao tac phiic tap ciia mpt hanh dpng giang day, bang each lira chpn va van dung nhung tri thiic, nhiing each thiic va quy trinh diing d5n".
ChiJng toi quan niem. KT ndng la khd ndng van dyng kien thuc vd kinh nghiem thuc hien thanh thao cdc thao tac Irong qua trinh hoan thanh moi nhiem vu cu the nao do.
Tich hpp (Integration) co ngu6n g6c tu ti8ng Latinh vcri nghTa: xac lap lai cai chung, cai toan thi, cai thSng nhdt tren CO so nhiing bp phan rieng le. Theo Tir diSn tilng Viet [1],
"Tich hgp dugc hieu la sir lap rap, n6i k6t cac thanh phin Ciia mpt he thong theo quan diem tao nen mot he thSng toan bp".
Theo Tir dien GD hpc thi day hpc tich hpp dugc hilu la hanh dpng lien ket cac doi tugng nghien ciiu, giang day, hpc tap ciia cimg mpt ITnh vuc hoac vai ITnh virc khac nhau trong cung mpt ke hoach day hpc [5]. Tac gia Nguyln The Son [6] cho rang: "Tich hpp trong GD cr nha truong la sir ket hpp, ph6i hgp mpt each co he th6ng cac kiln thirc thanh
18 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
mpt npi dung th6ng nhat, dua trfen cac m6i quan he dugc dl cap trong tung mon hpc do".
Theo D6 Huong Tra va cpng sir [7]: Tich hgp co nghTa la sg hgp nhat, su hoa nhap, s\r kit hgp. Do la sir hgp nhSt hay nhat the hoa cac bg phan khac nhau dl dua toi mpt d6i hrgng rnoi nhu la mpt thi th6ng nhit dira tren nhirng net ban chat ciia cac thanh phin doi tugng chit khong phai la phep cpng gian don nhttng thugc tinh cua cac thanh phin ay. D^y hoc tich hgp la mpt quan dilm su pham, 6 do ngucri hgc cSn huy dong mpi ngu6n luc dl giai quylt mgt tinh huong phitc hgp - co vSn dl nham phat triln cac nang lire va pham chSt ca nhan. Theo UNESCO: "Day hpc tich hpp la mgt each trinh bay cac khai niem va nguyen li khoa hgc cho phep dien dat su thdng nhdt ca ban ciia tu tuong khoa hpc, tranh nhan manh ho5c qua som sir sai khac giua cac linh v\rc khoa hpc khac nhau".
Theo Chucmg trinh GD ph6 thong t6ng thi (2018): "Day hpc tich hgp la dinh huong day hpc giiip HS phat h-iln kha nang huy dpng tong hgp kien thiic, kT nang,... thupc nhilu ITnh vuc khac nhau de giai quyet c6 hieu qua cac vkn dl trong hpc tap va trong cupc song, dugc thuc hien ngay trong qua trinh ITnh hgi tri thiic va ren luyen kT n^ng" [8].
Chung toi quan niem rang: Day hpc tich hcrp trong nha truang pho thong la thiet ke, to chiic, huong din dl HS bilt huy dpng tong hgp kien thuc, ki nang thupc nhieu mon hpc khac nhau nham giai quyet cac nhiem vy hpc tap, dat muc tieu da dinh, nhat la hinh thanh va phat trien cac pham chat, nang luc nguoi hgc. Tit do, giiip HS hinh thanh cac kiln thirc, kl nang moi, hinh thanh va phat trien cac nang lire moi dac biet la nang lire giai quyet van de vii nang lire ling dung thuc tien.
2.1.2. Dmh hiTdng de ren luyen cac ki nang day hpc theo hiJoing tich help cho giao vien mon Toan d trifcing trung hpc pho thong D I d l ra cac bien phap ren luyen cac kT nang day hpc tich hgp cho GV toan a truang THPT mpt each thich hgp cSn dua tren cac dinh hudng sau:
a. Ddp ung duoc muc tieu day hoc Toan a truong THPT Theo tu tuong cua ehuong trinh GD ph6 thong mon Toan moi (ban hanh thang 12 nam 2018), thi mgt trong cac van dl cSn d6i mdi ISn nay la tang cuong day hpc tich hgp. Do do, cac bien phap phai huong vao giiip GV co the day hpc tich hgp mon Toan.
b. Dam bao tinh thdng nhat gitea li thuyet vd ihyc hanh D I ren luyen ki nang day hpc tich hpp mon Toan cho GV THPT dugc t6t phai giup hp ndm viing li thuylt ve tich hgp, day hpc tich hgp va thvrc hanh soan giang cac chii dl tich, thong qua cac bu6i sinh hoat chuyen mon tai co so hay sinh hoat cum chuyen mon, ciing nhu sau cac dgt tap huan, boi du&ng thuong xuyen do Bg GD&DT hay So GD&DT triln khai. Ben canh do, cdc hoat dgng ty hoc, tu nghien ciiu cac kJ nang day hpc tich hgp cua GV THPT la v6 ciing quan trpng va thilt thuc nhiim nSng cao hon nira kT nSng d?y hpc tich hgp mon Toan ciia GV.
c. Dam bao yeu cdu chung vi tich hop
Mon Toan c6 nhieu co hgi trong viec hinh thanh, phat trien cac pham chat, nang luc cua HS, phat trien kien thirc, kl nang va tao co hgi de HS dupe ket noi toan hpc vcri cac mon hpc khac. Nhu the, mon Toan o trucmg pho thong ciing CO nhieu co hoi de day hpc tich hc^. Do do, khi thilt kl va giang day cac chii dl tich hpp, GV khong the bo qua nhiing moi lien he nay, cin gan ket mpt each linh hoat va hieu qua nham giiip cho HS hiing thii han trong qua trinh ITnh hgi kien thiic.
d. Dam bao khd ndng day hoc hieu qua cua ngudi thay Kien thiic chuyen mon, nang khieu su pham cua nguoi GV ddng vai tro quyet dinh trong cong tac giang day va GD HS. Tuy nhien, trong nhiing bai giang the hien sir tich hgp cac mon khac, GV can phai am hieu them nhimg mang kien thirc nay nham nang cao hieu qua ciia giang day. Han nila, kha nang ngon ngii, kien thiic su pham va nim viing tam li HS ciia nguai GV se mang lai hieu qua khic biet Ion hon.
Do vay, trong qua trinh tap huan boi duong cho GV can long ghep hay dinh huong nhiing mang kien thiic phii hgp nham nang cao ket qua boi duong. Tir do, giup GV thu hai dupe nhimg dieu mong dpi de phue vu tot hon trong cong tac GD va giang day ve sau ciia hg.
e. Cdc bien phap dua raphdi cd tinh khd thi vd hieu qua trong dieu kien ehuong trinh cua cdc mon hoc, dieu kien ca sd vat chat cua cdc truong.
Hien nay, co so vat chat cua cac truang moi dia phuong deu khac nhau. Do do, GV can phai dua vao thye tl dcm vi minh de dam bao tinh kha thi, hieu qua trong viec giang day cac chu de tich hgp.
2.2. Djnh hirdng cac kT nang day hpc tich hop mon loan De thuc hien viec boi duong cac kT nang d^y hpc tich hgp mon Toan cho GV THPT chung toi dmh huong cac kl nang, tien hanh khao sat, ket qua thu gpn cua cac kT nang dugc thi hien nhu sau (xem Bang 1):
Chang han, trong qua trinh day hpc cac chii de tich hgp GV can xac dinh ro loai hinh tich hgp npi m6n hay lien mon de dua ra cac bai tap cu the nham phat trien tu duy cho HS.
VI du: Cho duong tron (C) co phuong trinh: x^ +y^ -\, voi tam O. Cho /l(0;l),fi — ; — ,
( 42 V2I
C ; . GpiB|,B^ theo thii tula diem ddi ximg cua B qua OA va AC. Chiing minh rang B, ,B^ C thSng hang.
HS CO the giai vi du tren theo each thong thudng. Tuy nhien, de khuyen khich kha nang tim toi, tu duy cac huong giai quyet khac nhau nham tao ra cam himg, thiic dSy tinh than hpc hdi. GV cd the dinh hudng theo tich hap mang kien thiic ve so phiic de giai quyet. Cach giai sau thi hien dieu dd:
Dudng tron (C) la dudng trdn don vi tren mat phang phiic, A, B, C theo thii ty la bilu diln cua cac
S6 25 thing 01/2020 10
NGHIEN CQU Li LUAN
Bang 1 : Cac ki nang day hgc tich hgp mon Toan THPT
j ^ ^ Phan tich noi dung, chi/dng tnnh (nhat la yeu cau can dat) cac mon hoc de phat hien cd hoi tich hdp, xac dmh muc tieu tich hdp, ioai hinh tich hdp
j ^ 2 Thiet ke cac hoat dong hoc tap, lam rd cac san pham can dat sau moi hoat dong (kien thifc mon hoc. kien ihiic lien mon, )
j^^ Lda chon phi/dng phap, phildng tien, hinh thdc to chifc day hoc phu hop vdi tilng phan trong bai hoc tich hdp (day hoc di/ an, to chi/c trai nghiem,.),
TH4 ^^'^^ ^^ ^^^^ 9'^ (rubnc). tl/ danh gia. cho tilng cong viec, hoat dong, vdi ti^ng phan trong bai hoc tich hOp,
Thiet kechti (Je tich hdp
Lam rd muc tieu, nhiem vu hoc tap vdi bai tich hdp cho toan Idp
Hildng d i n each thOc dat muc tieu bai hoc tich hdp va muc tieu tilng hoat dong trong bai hoc, j^ (.Y^^f^ (jgy (,oc theo chu de tich XO li cac tinh huong si/ pham trong hoat dong day hoc tich hop ^'^^
j u g Hddng dan danh gia (rubric), tif danh gia, voi tilng cong viec, hoat ddng, vdi tilng phan trong bai hoc tich hop
j u g Danh gia ket quS dat dddc ciia ti/ng HS, nhdm HS, sau moi noi dung bai hoc tich hdp, dJa vao Danh gia ket qua sau khi day hoc muc tieu de ra, theo chu de tich hdp.
Oieu chinh va hoan thien cac hinh thi(c, phi/dng phap, ki thuat day hoc, phddng tien day hoc, ki Sinh hoat td chuyen mon sau khi thuat kiem tra, d i n h gia ket qua hoc tap theo ti/ng dang bai hoc cua day hoc tich hdp. day hoc theo chii de tich hdp
A , . V2 , 7 2 V2 V2 so phue z . - ; , z . , - + ; ,z, = ;^—,
' - 2 2 ^ 2 2
I Diem B, doi ximg ciia B qua duong kinh OA bieu dien so
» i u c z , = ( z , ) z, = - — + — 2 2
iem B,, doi ximg ciia B qua dudng kinh AC bieu dien Soiphirc
^ Z5 - Z, + Z3
Vi B khac C nen z, 2
,. Do do, chi can chi ra - io thuc. That vay, ta co
v^ 71 V2 V2
2
72V 72 .72 2
2
Nhu vay, de thuc hien tot cdng tac giang day, ngoai viec trau ddi ve kien thiic mdn hpc ngudi thay can ren luyen cac kT nang day hpc tich hgp nham phat huy kha nang ciia HS, dam bao chat luong GD de ra.
2 . 3 . Mot so bien phap ren luyen kl nang day hoc tich hdp cho giao vien mon l o a n d trttong trung hpc ph6 thong 2 . 3 . 1 . Chii trgng lam man trong qua trinh ren luyen ki nang day hoc tich hdp mon Toan cho giao vien trung hpc phd thong
Casffcua Men phap- Ddi ngu GV hien tai da phan dupe dao cao theo hudng don mdn va cdng tac chuan bi soan giang cho bai hpc, chii de tich hop tieu tdn thdi gian va kinh te cua GV nhieu hon so vdi each soan giang truyen thong Do do, viec td chirc day tich hgp ia van de khd khan ma GV gap phai Trong qua trinh khao sat thuc te, chiing tdi nhan dugc dai da sd de nghi nhu sau: Can mdt sd bai iam mau va day mau tich hop mdn Toan; Cd ngudi lam mau va day mau tich hpp mdn Toan de GV tham khao, lam theo. Vi li luan day hoc tich hpp ia van de mdi nen GV gap nhieu kho khan trong viec tiep can Ben canh dd viec day hgc cac bai hpc, chii de tich hop ciia GV THPT chua dat dugc hieu qua nhu mong mudn.
Muc dich cua bien phap: Giiip cho GV Toan hieu rd hon ve each thiic thiet ke. thuc hien cac kT nang day hoc chii de tich hop. Bien phap nay hudng vao ren luyen cho GV cac kT nang la THI, TH2, TH3, TH5, TH6, TH7, THIO trong Bang 1.
Cdch thuc thuc hifn: Trong cac dot bdi dudng thudng xuyen hoac cac ki sinh boat chuyen mdn cap trudng, cum trudng. Can bd phu (rach (CBPT) Idp bdi dudng tien hanh td chiic nhu sau CBPT dinh hudng va chuan bi giao an cho 1 chii d^ tich hgp; GV tham gia tap hudn soan CDTH da dugc dinh hudng sin d nha; CBPT true tiep giang day tiet mau; GV tham gia tap huan va CBPT sinh hoat chuyen mdn ngay khi kgt thuc tiet day mau; GV dugc khuyen khich neu y ki^n, cac cau hdi lien quan,, ; CBPT phan tich, giai dap thdc mic cua GV va djnh hudng each thuc hien phit hgp vdi cac doi tuang HS, van dung vao cac chii d^ tich hop khac.
Tap hu4n theo hudng lam mau va day mlu la mdt hoat ddng mang tinh trai nghiem cao. Nd mang lai nhung hieu
20 TAP CHi KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM
qua thiet thuc, tich cue cho GV tham gia tap huSn. Vi truac dd, trong qua trinh day hgc, GV da khdng it \kn tidp xuc vdi cac bai toan mang tinh tich hgp. Tuy nhien, de giang mpt chii de tich hgp mgt each bai ban thi chua hSn da thuc hi?n tdt. Do dd, thong qua cac ti6t day mSu nay, GV se c6 nhidu CO hpi trai nghiem thuc te, nhin nhan dugc nhiing uu khuySt cua cac phucmg phap day hgc, nam ro va h'lk each xu li cac tinh huong su pham phat sinh tur dd nit kinh nghi?m cho ban than.
2.3.2. Giup giao vien hieu sau ve day hpc tich hdp, thong qua td hpc, td ren luyen la chinh
Cffscrcua bifnphdp: Theo Nguyln Canh Toan [9]: "Hpc cdt 15i la tu hgc, la qua trinh phat trien ndi tai, trong dd chu th6 tu the hien va biSn ddi minh, tu lam phong phii gia tri con ngudi minh bang each thu nhan, xir li thdng tin tir mdi trudng xung quanh minh". Theo cac nha tam li hgc: Con ngudi chi tu duy tich cue khi cd nhu cau, hoat dpng nhan thiic chi cd kdt qua cao khi chii the ham thich, tu giac va tich eye; se dem lai ket qua GD cao han neu qua trinh dao tao dugc bign thanh tu dao t^o, qua trinh GD dugc bi6n thanh qua trinh tu GD. Thuc te da chi ra rang, neu ngudi hpc chi thu dpng tidp thu kiln thiic, khdng cd thdi quen suy nghT mpt each doc lap va sau sac thi kien thiic dugc hpc se nhanh ehdng bi quen lang.
M(/c dich cua hifn phap: Bi?n phap nay hudng vao ren luyen cho GV tat ca cac kT nang trong Bang 1 va giiip GV hieu sau ve li luan DHTH. Hon niia, ren luy^n cho GV kT nang day hgc tich hgp thdng qua tu hgc, ren luy?n cho GV cac phuong phap day hpc, kT nang tu hpc, van dung nhung kien thiic da hpc vao thuc tien day hpc. Tir dd, ngay cang hoan thien kT nang day hpc va nang cao chat lugng GD.
Cdch thuc th^c hifn: Trong pham vi ciia bai viet nay, chiing tdi dinh hudng viec t^^ hgc dd bdi dudng kT nang day hpc tich hgp mdn Toan thi hien nhu sau: Tu tim hieu khai niem vk tich hgp, day hpc tich hgp trong cac tai lieu; Tu tim hidu quy trinh soan giang chii de tich hgp trong cac tai heu;
Tu tim hidu cac kT nang day hpc tich hop mdn Toan; Tg tim hieu sinh hoat chuyen mdn ve chu de tich hpp.
Tu hgc, tu ren la hinh thiic bdi dudng it tdn kem, khdng nhat thigt phai tap trung mdt noi de tap huan, cd the hgc mpi liic, mgi noi phu hgp vdi quy thdi gian ciia mdi GV.
Cach lam nay phat huy cao dp tinh tir giac, doc lap, phat trign nang luc tu hgc, n3ng luc lam viec dgc lap vdi tai ligu.
Day la mdt trong nhihig nang luc cSn thiet de dinh hudng hpc tap suot ddi cua mdi GV. Tuy nhien, tinh chat sdi dpng, lam rd vin dg trong thdi gian ngin se khdng bang dugc hinh thiic bdi duong tap trung do vay neu ban than GV khdng tu giac se khdng dap ung dugc yeu cau dat ra.
2.3.3. To chdc cho giao vien trii nghiem ki nang day hpc tich hdp mon Toan
Cffsdcua bi^nphap: Theo Chuong trinh GD phd thdng tong the (2018): "HDTN la ho^t dpng GD, trong dd HS dya tren su huy dgng tdng hgp kien thiic va kT nSng tir nhidu
ITnh vuc GD khac nhau de trai nghiem thuc tien ddi song nha trudng, gia dinh, xa hdi, tham gia hoat ddng hudng nghiep va boat dpng phue vu cpng ddng dudi su hudng dan va td chiic cua nha GD, qua do hinh thanh nhimg pham chat chu yeu, nang luc chung va mdt sd nang luc thanh phan dac thii ciia boat ddng nay nhu: nang luc thiet ke va td chiic boat dpng, nang lire dinh hudng nghe nghiep, nang lire thich ling vdi nhiing bien ddng trong cupc song va cac kT nang song khac".
Theo Dewey [10]: "Trai nghiem la qua trinh con ngudi ket ndi ban than vdi qua khir, hien tai tien den tuong lai".
Nhu vay, y nghia Idn nhat ciia trai nghiem la tinh bien chiing, su tuong tac giiia con ngudi va the gidi.
Theo Kolb [11]: "Hpc tap trai nghiem la qua trinh ma tai dd kien thirc dugc tao ra thdng qua su chuyen ddi kinh nghiem. Kien thuc la thanh qua cua sir ket hgp giiia vi?c nam bat kinh nghiem va chuyen ddi kinh nghiem dd".
Theo Keeton va cdng su [12]: "Day hpc theo tiep can trai nghiem la td chiic cho ngudi hgc lien he true tiep vdi thirc te dang dugc nghien ciiu...Nd lien quan den viec ngudi hgc true tiep ddi mat vdi cac hidn tugng nghien ciru hon la chi nghT ve nd hoac chi xem xet kha nang cd the lam dieu gi vdi nd". Day hgc tich hgp theo md hinh trai nghiem la day hpc dugc td chiic theo tien trinh trai nghiem thuc te cho dSn khi nang luc thuc hien cua ngudi hpc dap ling dugc yeu cau/tieu chuan cua thuc tien san xuat [13],
M^c dich cua bifn phap: Thdng qua cac dgt tap huan, GV duoc trai nghiem ve kT nang day hpc tich hop mdn Toan. Tir do, giup GV trien khai viec day hgc tich hop mdn Toan hieu qua hon. Bien phap nay giiip ren luyen cac kT nang la THI, TH2, TH3, TH4, TH8, TH9, THIO (bang 1)
Cdch thirc th^c hifn: Trong nha trudng phd thdng, vi?c tap huin cho thudng hi bd hep, bdi thdi lugng cho tap huan rit ngin. Do dd, dfi cdng tac tap huan - bdi dudng GV dupe hieu qua nen cho hp trai nghiem, cd the sii dung mot trong cac hinh thitc nhu: cau lac bd, dien dan, hdi thi/cupc thi, cac hoat ddng dd cd the thuc hien theo quy trinh gdm cac budc sau:
Budc 1: Lap ke hoach hoat dpng trai nghiem (HDTN).
Cdng viec nay dugc thuc hien trudc khi cdng tac tap huan dupe bit diu hoac diu nam hpc (Hoat ddng cau lac bd; Hdi thi/cudc thi). Can cir vao muc tieu cua mdn hpc va muc tieu cua ehuong trinh tap huan, nhu cau cila GV de xac djnh chu dg trai nghiem phii hpp.
Bu&c 2: Thigt ke HDTN Bie&c 3: To chirc HDTN
Budc 4: Danh gia HDTN. Day la co sd dg nit kinh nghiem cho nhiing liin td chiic tigp theo tdt hon. Viec danh gia kgt qua HDTN dupe tign hanh bdi nhieu hinh thiic khac nhau.
Ching han, vidt bai thu hoach, danh gia ket qua theo mau, phat bigu cam nghT ve budi tap huan trai nghiem,...
Bir&c 5: Ket luan va van dung vao tinh hudng mdi.
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NGHIEN COTU LILUAN
3. Ket luan
Day hpc theo hudng tigp can tich hgp d trudng THPT la mdt trong cac xu thg mdi n h i m nang cao c h i t lupng G D . Ben canh dd, quan diem day hpc tich hgp da d u g c dinh h u d n g trong ehuong trinh GD phd thdng mdi, cho nen GV phd thdng ndi chung va T H P T ndi rieng c i n tigp can, n i m vimg li luan, thirc hanh nhuan nhuyen dg dam bao day hpc hieu qua. Dg dap img dirpc van dg thuc tien dat ra, c i n cd s g chung tay tir cac cap va ban than mdi GV. Do dd, ddi vdi Bd G D & D T , Sd GD&DT, cac nha trudng phd thdng can xay dung ehuong trinh bdi duong cac kT nang day hpc
tich h p p cho G V phd thdng mdt each thudng xuyen, khoa hgc va nghidm tiic n h i m giiip hp higu sau vg li l u ^ day hpc tich hpp,"lam d u g c va lam thanh t h u c " cac van dg lien quan dgn day hpc tich hgp. Ddi vdi ban than mdi G V phai nghiem tiic hon niia trong cdng viec tu hpc, t u ren nham dap ling ygu c i u giang day trong thdi dai hau cdng nghiep, gdp p h i n phat huy kha nang, phat huy tinh tich cue, t u giac, chu dpng, sang tao cho H S , dong thdi giiip cac em hieu, van dung kign thiic da hpc dg giai quygt nhiing van dg thuc tg t h u d n g gap va gdp phan nang cao chat lugng G D trong giai doan hien nay.
Tai lif u tham khao
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SOME MEASURES TO TRAIN INTEGRATED TEACHING SKILLS FOR MATHEMATICS TEACHERS AT HIGH SCHOOLS
Phan Ba Le Hien Le Duan High school - Dak Lak 1296 Phan Huy Chu street,
Buon Ma Thuot city. Dak Lak piovince, Vietnam Email. phanbaiehien@gmail,com
ABSTRACT: In recent years, the trend of Integrated teaching has spread widely in schools, contributing significantly to enhancing the quality of education However, many teachers meet difficulties in recognizing integrated issues and teaching Integrated subjects due to the fact that this is one of the new issues and teachers have been trained to teach single subjects. Besides, the work of preparing and teaching Integrated topics is more time-consuming and economical compared with traditional lessons; therefore, a number of teachers are not willing to deepen their thinking and follow this direction.
Through that fact, the Ministry and the Department of Education and Training have organized many contests and refresher courses on integrated teaching theory in order to improve the quality of education as well as keep up with the modern teaching trend of the world. In this paper, the authors present some methods of training Integrated teaching skills for high school mathematics teachers, contributing to improving the level of theory and practice of integrated teaching approach high school teachers.
KEYWORDS: SkJIts; integrated teaching; Maths; high school.
22 TAP CHI KHOA HOC GIAO DUC VIET NAM