Tap chi Khoa hpc va Cftng nghe Biln; Tap 16, S6 3; 2016: 328-335 DOI; 10.15625/1859-3097/16/3/6768 http://www.vjs.ac.vn/index.php/jnist
DAC TRLTNG VA BIEN DONG NGUON LOI DONG VAT DAY THUY VUC NHA PHU, TINH KHANH HOA '
Phan Due Ngai'", Vo St Tuan', NguyJn Van Long', Hfta Thai T u y l n '
^ 'Truang Dai hoc Khanh Hoa
Vien Hat duang hoc- Vien Han ldm Khoa hoc va Cong nghe Viet Nam E-mail; [email protected]
Ngay nhan bai; 24-8-2015
_ TOM TAT: Bac trung vd bten ddng ngudn lot ddng vdl day Ihiiy vuc Nha Phu duac xdc dinh thong qua vtec tang hop cdc nr lieu nghien cuu truoc ddy vd gua 2 chuyin diiu tra khda sdt vda nam 2012 va 2015 Ket qua nghien cuu da xdc dinh duac thdnh phdn cdc dii tuang ngudn lai khai Ihac a, nhien baa gdm Ihdn mem (15 lodi) caa gip 1,5 lin gidp xdc nhung sdn luong g,dp xdc ludn chiem uu Ihe (chiem,ir 68 - ,00% long sdn luong ddng vdt ddy tuy thea thiri H , Trong dd Ponunuspeagicus (Che Xanh, (chiim Or 53 - 74%tingsdn luong gidp xac, vd n^tin gUngTZ Hum (Panulirus spp , chicm uu the trong cac laai ngudn gidng Ba sd nguin lot dpng vdt day Ihudc nhom song ,ren ma, day sinh sdng d vung dudi tniu, ddy cdl Sdn luang nguin lol !dng vdt day S chieu huong suy giam nghiem trong Nguyen nhdn cd thi da suy gidm dien lich riaignlap nZ su gia tang phuong Hen va ngu cu khai Ihdc mang tinh huy die, vd ,dn Ihu nhuxiil dieiivdZi ling
Tir khda; Ngudn lai ddng vdt ddy, dim Nha Phu
M O B A U
Thiiy vuc Nha Phu n i m n-ong khoang toa dp^tu I09»09'00" - 109°I5'00"E va I2»23'00" - 12 27'00"N thupc thanh phd Nha Trang ft phia nam, thi xa Ninh Hoa ft b i c , tty b i c va dftng bac. Thuy vuc nay co dita tich 4.500 ha sau tning binh I m va Iftn nhit 1,5 m, th6ng voi bien bang hai cua, cua lach phia dong r6ng khoang 1.000 m va cua lach phia lay r6ng g i n 2.000 m va dp sau trung binh 7 m. Tliny vuc Nha Phu CO nhieu he sinh thai nhu rimg ngap mjn (RNM), tham co biln (TCB), ran san h6 (KbH), vung day mem, vung day cung la noi cu tru kicm an. sinh san va uang g i l n g cua cac loai thuy san Trong do, co nhilu nhom thiiy san CO gia tri nliu than m i m (Phi, So Huylt So Long), giap xac (Ghe Xanh. Cua, Tom B i t va Tom Bac), ca (ca Bong, ca Dia, ca Gio, ca D l i Tr. "^ ? '-'*•*• G » Bi^" ™ n g f i n giftng (Cua. Tom Hiim) [1]. o » e
T6ng hpp nhung k i t qua nghien cim vl nguon lpi thuy san co gia n j kinh t l chii ylu cua Nha Phu mrftc day (Nguyen Huu Phung va nnk., 1996) [1-4] cho thay da s6 cac nghita cuu tap mmg chu yen yao hien trang khai thac va nhung tac dpng d i n nguftn lpi thuy s a n Cic thong tm ve nguftn Ipi dpng v | t day (DVD) nhu dac m m ^ ve dianh p h i n loai, san lupng, phan bo va bien dpng s i n lupng (1965 - 2015) hoin toan chua duoc d e cap. VI t h i nghien cuu dac trung va bien d p n g nguftn Ipi DVD ft Nha Phu la viec can thiet nham gop p h i n cung c i p ca sft khoa hpc cho cac nghita cftu chuyen sau han ve chuoi, lufti thuc an va cung c i p du lieu cho quy hoach, phan vung sft dung va khai thac nguon Ipi thuy san hpp ly.
TAI LIEU VA P H U O N G PHAP NGHIEN CUU
T i l li^u
'• , 1 '.'""' '^° 5* tlvng so heu glc vl thanh phan ya san lupng khai thac DVD ciia tac gia Nguyen Van Lpng va Thai Minh Quang [I]
Nguyen Hihi Phung va nnk., 1996.
PhiroTig phip nghien euu Phirang phap tham vin cpng ding
.Ef-NhtPhQ
O Khu IVC Hum v^
Hinh 1. IChu vuc tham vin nguin Ipi dim Nha Phu
Thftng tin vc nguin lpi thtiy san trong dim Nta Phu duoc thu thap bing phuang pliap Dieu tra nguon lai vftng bo co su tham gia ciia cong dong" [5] th6ng qua 2 chuyin khao sat va ttam van (11/2012, 5/2015) ft 4 xii. phuong (Ninh Ich Nmh Lpc, Ninh Ha va Nmh Phii) (hinh 1). So luong va thanh phin tham du ft moi bu6i tham van la 20 ngufti gim can bft quan ly ngu nghiep. ngu dan co kmh nghiem dai dien cho nhita loai nghi khai thac kliac ahau, ngufti thu mua (nau, vua). nguoi nufti nong thiiy san. Thong tin lien quan din tung nhom nguon lpi; ngu cu khai thac. miia vu kliai thac. khu vuc phan bo nguin loi. sl luang tau thuyen. s6 nguoi/ghe, sin luong khai Ihac/ghe/nau. tong san lupng (kg. con), gia ban.
doanh thu va cac m6i tac dong, xu thi thay dli ngu6n lpi. dac diem nin day. Vfti su dan giai ciia cac nha khoa bpc. cac thanh phin tham du cung cap thong tin ban diu, thao luan va di din thftng nhat thanh phin, san luong va khu vuc
Die trung vd bien ddng nguon lai ddng vdl , phan bo nguin lpi thuy san co gia Ui kuih tl ft thiiy vuc Nha Phu.
Phuongphip Ihu miu
^ Tren co so th6ng tm tham vin, 3 mau than mem va 6 mau giap xac (mfti mau la m6t loai) cft gii m kinh te dupc thu tai cac bin, clip ca ft 4 xa noi uta va tu cac nghi khai thac chinh nong dam vio cac bull sang sftm. Miu vat dupc xu ly so bo va chup anh tai hien traong sau do cft dinh ftong dung dich formol 10% de Imi ftu va phan tich Uong phong thi nghiem.
Phuongphip xic dinh khu vuc phan bi Tren ca sft thong tm tham vin, khu vuc phan bo nguftn Ipi thuy san dupc xac dmh theo cac loai nghe khai thac trta dim bang hinh thuc Ipi bp (nghe cao tay) trta bai nilu dl xac dmh than mem va chay ghe may (theo cac nghi khai thac) de xac dinh ca than mera (nghi cio may) giap xac, cft sft dung thilt bi dinh vi GPS.
Ngoai ra con kit hpp mo ta dac dilm ttim tich day tai cac vj tti. Trta co sft do phan chia phan bo nguon lpi DVD thep 4 kilu;
Phan bo theo vung ttilu va dmh ttiln: Dira vap each phan loai vung ttilu cfta Odum [6];
Phan bo theo he sinh thai; Dua vao kit qua tham van, khao sat va thu miu DVD trta tftng he sinh thai bai trilu, RNM, co blln;
Phan bo theo kieu sing viii hay sftng trta mat day;_Dua vao ket qua tham vin, khao sat va thu mau DVD hien truftng;
Phan bl theo ttim tich: Dua vao kit qua nghien cftu ve mim tich cua Trinh Phung va l'!c •„?' ''^' '""' ™ ^^' ''"^ •*«" sat 4 dim Nha Phu.
Phuongphip dinh danh nguin Ifi Nguin lai thuy san dupc dinh danh bfti cac chuyen gia cua Phong Nguin lai Thuy sinh,
^^iJt n ° "?™ ™' Cemohorsky [8]
T^n \ ? ' " ' ' " ] • ^ ' ' ' ° n [10], Wye [11 : dnh danh dong vat giip xac^iia Gurjanova [12] Banner & Banner [13]. Tune 1141 Ho Ihuis [15], Sertae [16], Dai Ki-yZsc Y ng S>-l.ang [I7J, Holthuis [18], Niuyin Va^
S r v f " V " ' ^ L " ' J ' ^Suyta Van S g [^0]
Nguyen Van Chung [21], Poore [22].
Phan Due Ngai, Vo Si Tuan....
Sdn lu^g khai thdc
Tong san luang khai fliac/nam = NSng salt khai thdc kg (con)/ngiroi/n^y hoac kg (^eyngiy X S6 lupng nguai (ghe) khai thdc x S6 ngdy khai Ihac/Ehdng x S6 thajag khai thac/nam.
Xu-1;^ so Mn
Su diing phin m6m Excel 2010 dl nhap s6 Heu thu fh|ip va ve bi8o (i6; jihSn mim Primer 6 dS tuih gid tri tuong d6ng vfi thanh phln loaj.
KET QUA
Dac tnrng thanh pta^ va sim Itrgrng ngu^n I9I d^Dg v^t d&y
Mh, quit n ^ ^ ^ t ^ d flnly v^c Nha Plm giai He^n tk 1955 ~ WIS da xfc ^nk dagrG^^
ioai B'V© cS giid t^ k ^ t^ chfl y&, t r t ^ ^ flianh phSn than m&n (15 lodi) cao g^p 1,5 l"
giap xdc va tSp trung chu y&i vao nhdm ik mdnh vo (chiim tr6u 93% tong thanh ph4n lc*
than mim). Tliy nhi€n, san lu^rag gifip xic ft ' chiem uu the (chiem tu 68 - 100% t ^ iaj. . lugrng DVB tfly theo thfin gian) T n m g ^ Portunus pelagicus (Ghe Xanh) (ciaka tfr s f ? 74% t6ng^ sdn lu^ng gidp xac Iheo Qiti gian) yL nguon giong T6m Hum (Panulmis spp) ck&3 uu the (bdng 1).
Bing 1. Th^mh phAn va thiiy vvc Nha Phu giai
T i n khoa hpc
san luong ngu6n Iai dpng v|t ddy c6 gia tij Idnh ti^xM ^ hoDg^''^
• doan 1965 - 2015 [Ngudn: NguyinHOuPJmgvd nnk, m6[\Jl
Mollusca Bivalvia Modlola aurieulate Pluna plenta Chama dunkari li^eratiix meretnx Marda hiantina Sari elongala Hiatula d^hos Anadara nodifera Anadara antiquala Anadara subgranulosa Scaphan:a vallicata Tegillarca granosa Anomatocardia squamosi Pema vi-idis Gastropoda Sbombus canadum Crustacsa F'ortunus pelagicus Scylla spp.
S. Oceania Ctiarybdis anisodon Metapenaeus ansis Metapenaaus tenuipes Penaeus merguiensis Metapenaeus bennettae Penaeus monodon Panulims spp
T6ng san lifpna
T i n V t | l Nam 1965 - 19BB T h i n mdm
Har m i n h v d DiNTiTai Oi§p Tr6n Hdu Hirang Ngao Ditu Ngao RS Phi Phi S6 HuySt S6 Lang 56 Huy4t S6 L6ng nh6 S6Hiiygt Slit VgmXanh Chan b^ftig 6 c NhiyTrSng Gfip x i c Gh^Xanh Cua Cua Chudi Cua H i e TamD^
TSm Bgc T6m B9C t h i TQmBk T6mSii TflmHOm
41,3 41,3
Ghi chu: Gid tri trong Q.
ItfOng thuang pham ftdn/ndmj;
101,6 iOD,9
2,4 0,72 0,56
218,0 (15) 135,0
(15) 319,8 (15)
87,7 87,7
10,8 54,0
336,2 (161) 224,9
(84)
7,4 97,0
(77) .9 (161)
57,1 S7,1
8,64 32,40
i.rjt
' • ' • > '
121,9 ( 3 9 ) - 90,0 '
1,48 2S.1 1.4
'Ml -A --
sdn luang nguon giong (nghin con/nSm); gid tri ngodi (-): sdn luang khSng ddng hi.
Phan bo ngu6n lol d j n g vat day
^ Phan bo theo vting n-i8u va dual triju dua vao phan loai viing trieu ciia Odum [6]: Nhom nguon Icn DVD phan bii a viing dual triSu chiem uu the ve san luang ( c h i t a gSn 82% va 100% tong san luong thuang pham va con giong DVB) so vai vimg Uieu. Trong do chii yeu la giap xac (chiem n e n 96% tdng san luong DVD ducri trieu) (hinh 2). Vi thg, mu<3n duy ni va tang san khai thac ngu6n lai giap xac e t a phai bao ve he sinh thai viing dual trieu va cSm mpi hinh thuc khai thac tan thu, hiiy diet (luoi long); pha huy nSn day cua he sinh thai dual trieu (cao may)
. ^ _ J '^iS
Hinh 2.
tneu va Phan b6 nguon lcri DVB theo vung dual trieu trong thuy vuc Nha Phu
il.
Hinh 3. Phan b6 ngiiSn lgi DVD theo cac ki^u he sinh thai trong thiiy virc Nha Phu Phan bo theo he sinh thai (bai tri^u, RNM, TCB va RSH): Loai Portunus pelagicus phan bo a tham co bien chilm uu thg vh san lucmg (chiem 70% tong san lugng thucmg p h i m DVD) so vai nguon igi a RNM, TCB nhung v'e san lugng con giong thi Panulims .spp phan bd a RSH chiem uu the (chiem 6 1 % tong con giong DVD ciia ca thiiy virc) (hinh 3). Vi vay, muon duy tri va tang san lugng ngu6n ioi
vd bien dpng nguon lai ddng vdt . Ddc tnmg
Portunus pelagicus va Panulinis spp gidng c5n han che phuang thtic khai thac Iam pha huy TCB va RSH (cao may, dao); tan thu, hiiy diet (luai 16ng, xiet dien, chich dien, xung dien) a bai TCB va RSH.
Phan bo theo kieu song viii va s6ng tren mat day: Nhom^ ngu6n lgi DVD s6ng tren mat chiem uu the v l san lucmg (chi^m gan 82% va IOp% tdng san Iugng thucrng pham va con giong DVD) so vai nhom s6ng vui Trong do chii yeu la giap xac (chi§m tren 96% t6ng san lugng DVD song tren mat day) (hinh 4). Vi v | y , muon duy tri va tang san lugng ngu6n lai song tren mat (giap xac) cSn han chg p h u a n g thiic khai thac tan thu, hiiy diet (luoi 16ng, xiet dien, chich dien, xung dien) tren mat day.
^' '^
Hinh 4. Phan b6 ngu6n lot DVD theo cac kiSu song vui va s6ng tren mat day a Nha Phu
Hinh 5. Phta b6 n g u t a loi DVD theo trSm tich day trong thuy vuc Nha Phu Phta bo theo trim tich day (cat, cat bim bun va san ho chet). Nhom ngu6n lai DVD phan bo a day cat va cat biin chi&n uu th^ v6 san luong (chiem tren 92% tang san luong huong pham DVD) so vol day bun va day san ho chet nhung s t a luong con gi6ng p h t a b<i a day san h o c h e t Jai chiem uu thi (chijm 6 1 % tong con giong dam Nha Phu) (hinh 5).
PhanBucNgtu, VoSiTuin, ...
BieD d9i]g ogaon l^i dfing vat day Bifa dpng thanh phln loM: SU ci sv suy gito ngUSm trong thinh phan loai DVD 06 gii tri kinh te, tir 25 loii nguon lgri DVD nam 1965 - 1996 giam xuBng (16 loai) eon 9 ioii nim 2012 - 2015 (bang 1).
Bien dpng tdng sin hrong cie nhom DVD theo nam vi theo rnua: PMn Ion sin Iugng khai M c DVD (chii ySu la Bivalvia vi Crustacea) deu tip trung vao miia kho (hinh 6) va co xu huomg tang hr nam 1965 din nam 2012 nhung W giam msnh tir 2012 din 2015 (hmh 7)
thic cic loii Et^m,,^^ .ylu d ^ t ^ tim%ilM m^.ldlj (htoh S) v i c6 xu hnSng ting tft .nsni 1996 den niitiiOli tistm tai giim n ^ to 20]2dfti2d'l5piii49).
a n h nhom
A" C r u s t a c e a (gi&ig)
6. Bien dpng sin lupng khai thic cic nguon lpi DVD theo mia 6 Nha Phu
l»SS-19a 1S96 2012 2015
•••••BiwiTO ~m-Oaangota -a-Cmaata -»-Cnajn.(eJ,,g) Htah 7. Biln dpng san hrpng khai thic cic nhom nguon lpi DVD theo nam ft Nha Phu Bien dpng sin lupng m^t si loii chu y&i theo nam va theo mia: Phin Ion san lupng khai
^T^"^
r 180 f 1 » | 140 1 120 1 100 i 80 5 40 f 20 J 0
1
i
Hinh 8. BiSn dOng san hrgng khai i h ^ iflieo^^
miia ciia cac lo^ nga^n J^i D'N^
chii y|u a Nha Phu
.v:^
Htah 9. BiSn dOng sin tapng khai th&fteo nam cia cic loii ngu6n lpi DVD
chi yju ft Nha Phu
THAOLU^N j Nhftmhai minh vft CO thinh phil loii 4i«ffi
khai thic nhifer hm nhung sin hrpng thip Son
^ i p xie cft the do thiy vuc Nha phu da dfmg h»
? T Biii^(tham cft biSn, ring ngip min, 1 ^ Ban hoj ya tram tich diy (cit cit bun, biiivtsanM J r S ^ i * ' " * f ^ ^ sinh hpc l9i thSp (148,08 mgC/m'/ngiy) [23] nSn khdng dimbip
ui;mg thirc in cho nhftm hai minh vft (nhftm Sn loc). K& qui nghien cirn ft Dl Gi vi -rw Nai cho fliay di&l dft, narm suit sinh ipc ft Dl a (359.99 mgOtaffngiy) vi TM Ntf (834.4 mgC/m'/ngay) [ 2 4 ] ^ p " ^ p 2 i f j Z
^ ^ J ^ ? taTO nhftm hai minh vft d j S
™. "S^- J^J'"'"^ f mi. [25] nhftmS
minh vft su dung «nh khSi cua thuc ijit p W , ^ hr|u qui hon so vdl chin bimg, giip xic.
Sin lupng cia Portunus pelagicus i-hl<m m. thi cft flrl do flriy vvc N h a ' ^ K I ^ i ^ ^
^ *** (*him cft bi4i, rtngia^^^^^i san g vi cft Mm tfch &y cat vi *4l b t a p » hpp p s v pMn bft^ cia Portunus peUigicus [26].
•TOai ra, cft the do nguftn thic an phong phu I dftig vSt phi du (23.985 c i fliSto'), giftng p xac (373 ca fli&lOO nh, gitag (han mim 0cilhl/100m')(27].
So vfti mgt sft thiy w c nua kin khac ft
"*g Ken ven bft miln Trung oho thiy fliinh in^ion toi DVD chu y&r ft Nha Phu kha
« A " ^ vfti Thuy Ttilu, D i G i v i Thi Nai K-mi dli so,tnmig dftng liu hrpt 64.0%, 53 3%
Bg(.0%. Diftt nay cft flic do ^ tnmg smh fliii tiMA fliiy vwc niy kha giftng nhau: Diu la
; ffii? vvc nita Mn nam ft ven bft Nam Trung Bp r dSsv trao doi giua nuoc ngpt v i mrftc man; eft a? sin nhft tnmg btah tOr 1 -1.5 m; da djng he smh fliai nhu bai trilu, ring ngap mfa fliam c6 him; da dsng chit diy nhv cat, eat bin, bin cit I ^plm.
'! ,S» v * 64,loii nguSn Ipi DVD co gia trj , kmh te chi yftt ft ving biln Nam Trang Bp
hxmg dft cft 39 loai duoc Nguyin Him Phmi 1^ nnk, [28] tip hpp den rim 1994 vi 25 M S ? ^ „ ^ , * 'T •* "sW*" ™ bft sung 2012 - 2015 cho fliSy Nha Phu ctalm tr«n 39%
itog sft loii nguftn lpi DVD chi ylu. Kit qua niy chmg tft Nha Phu kha giiu cft vl flianh phin loai nguftn lpi DVD.
Sin hrpng nguftn lpi BWD among phim/1 ha ft Nto Phu (nSm 2012:0,09 tInAa) fliip hon
? „ ^ ™?y,™lu (2012), 7 lln Dl Gia009- 2010), vi 17 lin Thi Nsi (2008-2010 San taWls con aftng chi djt 40 con/ha vi cirng fliip ta rit ntaiu so vfti Dl Gi (< 64 lin) , 1 TM
T £ii' ¥>• ^ "^ °'!' "'^i «1*^ Phu
i « nghio vl sin lupng nguftn lpi DVD.
Sv SOT giim fliinh phin va sin luong khai
^ " E L ' S ^ ^ " 'M do 2 n i t a tac 2 " g - N h t o a e aOng lam mit vi suy flroii hS
? ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Wy * « "gSp man
>4 ctoyin Uriah dign tfch nufti tftm. & 8 I 0 ha
•tag nglp min 1981 [29] xuing cftn 37 33 ha
^ R - 2«»; •»* rSng fi, tfeh S t^
« o dit dip bft dia t ^ cie eln vi gft lam phi Wy nm cu tri arng nhr bB di cta eic loii Ml cft bita vi diy mim da lim xio tl«n ^ pha
Bic trung vi biin ^g nguon hi dpng vit...
My nta day. Nhftm tic dpng khai fliic hiy dia.
1 ^ flm CO cUta huftng gia tang vl sft phuoig
^ v i ngu eu khai fllic: S6 ghe xilt dien tang tu 10 ghe nam 2012 [1] Ita 14 ghe nani 201?
sft tam Iflng ting 50 - 80 lufti llng/ghe nam 2012 Ita 100 - 120 hoi Iftng/ghe nam2015.
PMn Iftn sin tapng khai thic DW) tip tning vio mna khfl cft flil do dft mufti mia khft (32.67!«o) cao hon mia mua (25.8156.) nta chi eo nhvng kai DVD fliieh irng vfti do mufti eao moi xuat hita vio mua kho.
KETLU^N
Nguftn lpi DVD hong flmywc Nha Phu kha pan CO vft ttiinh phin loai nhung ngheo vl sin lupng, trong dft nhftm hai minh vft chilm mi flil ve flitoh phin nhvng nhftm giip xic chilm uu
« ve sin hrpng, ^ biet li loii Ponumts pelagicus. Da so nguta lpi DVD flmftc nhftm song tita mil, sinh sftng ft ving (irfti trilu, day cit Sin hrpng nguftn lpi DVD cft chilu huftng suy giim nghitai Irpng. Nguyta nhin cft All do nhftm tic dftng lim mat vi suy flioii he smh fliii dan den mat noi sinh ev eia DVD vi do su gia ang phuong flen vi ngu cu khai fllic mang Bnh huy dift va tan fliu nhv xilt dita vi Ivfti Iftng. Vi v?y, de duy tri vi Ung sin lupng khai fliac d a phai quy hoach, phin ving khai fliic hpp » vi c t o mpi htoh flnrc khai fliac phi hiy nta diy he smh fliai; khai fliac hiy di$t va tin ttiu.
T A I Upl THAM Kako
1. Nguyen Van Long Tha Minh Quang 2013.
Hiia trang khai fliic nguftn lpi fliiy sin ttong d t o Nto Phu. Ky ylu Hpi nghj Quoc te Bita Dftng 2012. Tr. 76-86.
2. Trin Von Phuac, Ngo Van Hifp, 2009.
Hita trgng khai fliie nguin lpi Hii sin vi giii phip bio ve. ptot triln bin vung tai xi Nmh Ieh - dam Nha Phu, Khinh Hfta. Hfti nghi Khoa hpe fliiy san toin quftc. Tnrftng D»i hpc Nftng I t o thinh phft Hft Chi Mmh.
Tr. 397^104.
3. Trin Van Phuac. 2011. Hita ttang nguin lpi thiy sin lihai fliie bing no sio tai flion Tto Dio - dim Nha Phn, flnh Khanh Hfta.
Hpi nghi Khoa hgc thiy sin toin quoc lin fliir ly. Tnrftng Dili hpc Nftng I t o flianh phft Hft Chi Minh. Tr. 386-394.
PhanBucNgfi, VdStTuan, ...
4. NgigSi Binh Mao. 1996. VH nftt vl d ^ kien tv nhita va nguin lpi ci ft cic dim " ^ N^, 6 Loan vi Nha Phu thupc ving bita Trung Tnmg Bp. Tuyen tgp n ^ t a dta biln. Tip Vn. Tr. 131-146.
5. Walters, J., Maragos, J., Star, S., and White, A. T„ 1998. Participatory coastal resource assessment: A handbook for community workers and coastal resource managers CRMP and Silliman University, Cebu City, Phihppmes. White AT, Sanderson N, Ross MA, Portigo MF.
6. Odum. E P., 1979. Co sft smh fliii hpc.
Nxb. Dgi hpe vi Trung hpc chuyta righi%).
Tapn.329tt.
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D?c dilm dia mao vi tiim tich vjnh Btah Cang - Nto Trang. Tuyln tip nghita diu Win Up Tgp I, phan 2. Tr. 77-92.
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