KINH T E - X A HOI
T
ro bay tiiphe thai ciia cae nha may nhiet dien da trd thanh nguyen lieu quy trong xay dung va trong san xuat vat lieu nhe vdi cac tinh chat hoa - ly va cau tao ciia nd. Hien nay, d nudc ta so lucmg tro bay thai ra d cac nganh san xuat nang lugng vao khoang 600.000 tan / nam.Trong giai doan sau nam 2010, binh quan hang nam nhu cau phu gia tro bay rieng cho diic be tdng theo eong nghe dam lan, udc tinh len tdi 200.000 den 300.000 tan.
Trong nhiing nam gan day, de dap iing nhu cau ve tro bay cho xay dung Nha may Thiiy dien Son La va mdt so muc dich khae, trong nudc da hinh thanh mgt so day chuyen san xuat tro bay, ket hgp may mdc, trang thiet bi vdi lao ddng thii cdng d mdt sd cdng doan.
Tii nam 2007 Ban Quan ly Du an Nha may Thiiy
dien Son La da xay dung day chuyen san xuat tro bay khep kin dang cdng nghiep nhim cai thien dieu kien lao ddng va gia tang san lucmg tro bay san xuat theo cdng nghe sach hon, gdp phan bao ve mdi trucmg va siic khde cho cdng nhan va nit ngan dang ke thcii gian san xuat.
1. VE HIEN TRANG SAN XUAT TRO BAY Lau nay, d mdt sd noi, tro bay dugc san xuat theo so dd sau:
Xi than ddt ciia nha may nhiet dien -Tuyen ndi trong thap - De thoat nudc tu nhien trong be chtra - Phoi ning ngoai trcii - Say khd trong Id - Tro bay thanh pham.
Tai khau tuyen ndi, than va tap chat dugc tach gan ra, nhan dugc vtia biin tro bay. Vtra btin tro bay dugc luu giii d cae be chiia de nudc thoat tu nhien trong
thang 12 2009 Khoa h p c & To q u o c 2 7
I KINHTE - X A HOi
thdi gian tir 5 den 7 ngay, rdi tro bay am dugc tai ra phoi nang den do khd khoang 20%, sau dd dua vao 16 say cudng birc, va thanh pham tro bay khd hinh thanh.
Trong day chuyen chua khep kin do cac khau thoat nudc tu nhien va phai ning la nhiing khau lao ddng vat va, bui ban ddi vdi cdng nhan, ddi hdi dien tich san bai lem, va hoan toan phu thudc vao thdi tiet. De nudc thoat dugc, cdng nhan phai dam nen vao vtia biin nhieu lan trong ngay.
De tro bay khd deu, cdng nhan phai trang, tai tro bay am khap mat san rdng.
Khi trcri nang, mgi viec dien ra binh thucimg, san xuat "thuan Icri". Khi trcM mua, cdng viec that nan giai, tham chi cd khi mat trang ca nhieu me tro bay da hong khd d miic do nao dd, neu viec che ehan, thu dgn khdng kip thdi, vi mua lam trdi di het, hoac tro bay am tiep tuc bi ngam li dai ngay tren san, dcyi nang.
Trong qua trinh phoi nang tro bay khd khdng deu nen chd khd, chd ucyt.
Chd khd tao ra bui, ket hcrp vdi gid trdi tro bay mil mit lam anh hudng xau den mdi trucing xung quanh.
2. DAY CHUYEN SAN XUAT TRO BAY KHEP KIN
Lanh dao Ban Quan ly Du an Nha may Thuy dien Son La diing dau la cac dng Vii Diic Thin, Hoang Trgng Nam va Nguyen Hdng Ha, nhan thay vdi tinh trang san xuat nhu tren, tro bay khdng the dap iing nhu cau xay dung cdng trinh Thuy dien Son La (khi thcM gian thoat nudc tu nhien va phoi nang ciia tro bay qua dai, yeu cau phai cd mat bang rdng va tro bay tao bui, gay d nhiem tram Ugng mdi trucmg xung quanh, anh hudng xau den siic khoe ngudi lao ddng). Lanh dao Ban Quan ly Du an dat dieu kien tien quyet la phai giai quyet tdt nhat van de d nhiem mdi trucing, ma van dam bao san luemg, chat lucmg tro bay va da quyet dinh xay dimg day chuyen mdi san xuat tro bay vdi viec co gidi hoa, thay the cac khau thoat nudc tu nhien va phoi nang, hong khd tro bay bing
thiet bi trong day chuyen khep kin, khdng cdn lao ddng thti cdng.
Day chuyen mdi, vdi viec ca gidi hoa hoan toan san xuat tro bay ctia Ban Quan ly Du an da dugc di vao hoat ddng vdi so dd nhu sau:
Xi than ddt ciia nha may nhiet dien - Tuyen ndi - Cd dac - Tach lgc - Say khd - Tro bay thanh pham.
Xi than ddt tir Nha may Nhiet dien Pha Lai dugc dua vao day chuyen san xuat vdi 4 cdng doan chii yeu la: Tuyen ndi, Cd dac, Tach lgc va Say khd. Cac cdng doan dugc bd tri lien tiep, khep kin thanh mot day chuyen thiet bi ddng bd. Trong day chuyen meii san xuat tro bay cac thap tuyen, be cd dac lam viec tdt, dap ling cac yeu cau de ra ve nang suat, chat lugng vira biin tro bay. Cdng doan say khd vdi cac may mdc, thiet bi cdng nghiep cho phep say tro bay den do khd thich heyp cho viec ddng bao, hoac chd tro bay rdi di xa bang xe chuyen dung.
2 8 Khoa hpc & To quoc thang 12 2009
Rieng cdng doan tach Igc tro bay, la mdt cdng doan mcii, chua ai lam dugc, lai ddng vai trd nit ngin thcM gian san xuat, giam dien tich san phoi, giai quySt tdt 6 nhiem mdi trudng. Ban Quan ly Du an Nha may Thuy dien Son La da hgp dong vdi Cdng ty TNHH Xuat Nhap khau Cdngnghiep Tam Hiep (Ha Ndi) thiet ke, che tao, lip dat he thdng thiet bi va chuyen giao cdng nghe san xuat.
Cdng ty Tam Hiep da giai quyet van de tach Igc tro bay tren he thdng thiet bi, ggi la may lgc tro bay, mdt each kha triet de va hieu qua.
3. MAY LOC TRO BAY THEO PHUONG PHAP CONG NGHIEP
Viec tach Igc tro bay tir huyen phii tro bay vc3i ndng do nhat dinh sau cdng doan cd dac, dugc tien hanh tren may Igc kieu bang chuyen, dudi tac ddng ciia ehan khdng, luc ep cahgc va nhiet do.
Cac bd phan chii yeu ciia may: Bang chuyen, CO cau tao ehan khdng, CO cau ep co va ca cau gia nhiet, vcH cac may mdc thiet bi phu trg
dugc bd tri lien tiep, hai hoa, thanh mdt co may ggn gang gitia cdng doan cd dac, va cdng doan say ciia day chuyen. Theo yeu cau ve san lucmg, trong day chuyen san xuat ciia Co sd Tro bay Pha Lai thudc Ban Quan ly Du an Nha may Thuy dien Son La bd tri hai he thdng thiet bi Igc tro bay, nang suat mdi he thong la 10 tan/ gid, ky hieu la LTB 10.
Sau tren mdt nam boat ddng trong day chuyen, may Igc tro bay LTB 10 da hoan thanh nhiem vu de ra: may chay dn dinh, dap iing cac yeu cau thiet ke, trong dd cd hai thdng sd quan trgng ciia may la san lucmg, va do khd ban thanh pham tro bay trudc khi dua vao cdng doan cudi, la say khd, vugt yeu cau thiet ke, san lugng tren 10 tan / gid, va do khd tro bay ra khdi may dat tir 83 - 84% va cao hon. Dac biet la May Igc LTB 10 hoan toan thay the cac khau thoat nudc tu nhien va hong khd d san bai trong cac day chuyen cti san xuat tro bay. Theo ddi may lgc
K I N H T E - X A H O l l LTB 10 hoat ddng trong nhting thang qua. thay rang khi cdng nhan thuc hien diing cac thao tac \ a giu che do lam viec ciia may hgp ly, thi san lugng va chat lucmg thanh pham tro bay kha cao, san lucmg khdng diing d 10 - 12 tan / gid) va do am ciia tro bay CO the dat cao tdi 90%.
Viec tach \qc tro bay tii xi than la viec lam hifu ich, gdp phan giai quyet xi thai ciia cac nha may nhiet dien, bao ve mdi trudng va gia tang Icri nhuan.
Day chuyen thiet bj d6ng bd san xuat tro bay d Co sd Pha Lai ciia Ban Quan ly Du an Nha may Thuy dien Son La la md hinh san xuat cdng nghiep tro bay lan dau tien xuat hien d nudc ta. Qua san xuat dai ngay, nhung lgi ich kinh te, xa hoi va ky thuat ciia day chuyen da dugc the hien la:
Day chuyen khep kin, bang cdng nghe sach, hon han nhimg day chuyen san xuat tro bay khae d trong nudc.
Dieu kien lao ddng dugc cai thien nhieu, it hoac khdng bui, ban va cac chat thai. (Do cac chat thai d timg cdng doan dugc thu hdi va tai sii dung).
Cac may mdc, thiet bi dugc thiet ke, che tao trong nudc, tao nhting dieu kien rat thuan Icyi cho qua trinh san xuat tro bay tir xi than.
Thiet bi ddng bo, d miic co gieii hoa cao budc dau dugc tu ddng hoa mdt sd khau, tien tdi cd the sii dung cdng nghe thdng tin trong quan ly dieu hanh hoat ddng san xuat.
San lucmg va chat lucmg tro bay ciia May lgc LTB 10 cd the dugc nang cao hon, ma khdng can thay ddi hoac cai tien nhieu cau may, rieng do khd tro bay tren may cd the dat tdi 90% va cao hon.
Nhu cau ve phu gia tro bay kha 1cm, va gia tang khong ngirng hang nam. Viec phat trien thiet ke, che tao vii lap dat cac day chuyen thiet bi san xuat theo mau cac may d Co sd San xuat Tro bay Pha Lai can dugc quan tam va nhan rdng.B
thang 12 2009 Khoa hpc & T6 qu6c 2 9
