CHUONGTRINH NGHIlN CUU CCIADITAI KHOA HOCCAP NHA NUdC, M A Sd KX.02/11-
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NANG CAO NANG LUC LANH DAO CUA DANG UY CAP XA TRONG CONG TAC GIAM NGHEO NHANH VA BEN V O N G
ThS. LE NHU PHONG*
ThS. NGUYEN NGQC T H A N G "
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tong nhifiu nam qua, muc tiflu giim ngheo Ii chu tiuong Ifa, quan ttgng cda Dfag va Nha nufa. Nhiem vu xda ddi, giim ngheo d i timg bufa dupc the chfi hda thdng qua viec xiy dtog phip luit, kfi hogch phit ttifin kuih tfi-xahfii(KT-XH),muc tidu vi chito sich cu flifl vdi phuong chim mang tito nguyen tic, dd Ii kfit hop hii hda gifia tfag tiufag kito tfi va thyc liien cdng bfag, tifin bfl xi bdl Then dd, viec gto phit trifin KT-XH vdi giim nghfio toato va ben vtog la mdt ttong nhtog nhiem vy ttpng tim ddi vdi cip dy dfag cac cip, bdi diy chito Ii nni tryc tifip td chfa trifln khai, bifln thyc hda cic chd tnrtmg, dufag Idi cua Dfag; chito sich, pliip luit cda Nha niroc.1. Vfi thyc trgng ntag Ifa l i t o dgo cia ding dy c ^ xi d cic huyOn mifin ndi Thato Hda trong cdng tic giim n^fio nhato vi bfin viing
Thato Hda la mflt tito ifa, dfa sd gfa 3,5 tiigu ngudi. Mifin ndi Thato Hfla cfi dien ti'ch hm 8.071 km^ chifim 72,3% difln tich ci tito;
192 km dufag bien gifa 11 huyen tofin ndi, ttong dfl cfi 5 huyen bifln gifii vdi 223 xi, thi tidn; 93 xava 182 flifin, bfa die biet khfi khfa;
ttong dfl dfing bio dfa tdc fliifiu sd 622.005 ngudi. Nhtog nim qua, cap uy dfag cac cip di quan tim lito dan, chi dgn, thyc lugn cic chumg tnto phit ttifin KT-XH, xda dfii, giam nghfio vi dat dupc tomg kfit qua ti'ch cue tten tit ci cic Uto vyc. Tuy nhifln, doi sdng toto
dto cic huyen tofin nui cfln gip nluflu kho khto, ty 16 hp ngh6o cfin cao, viflc phit tiien KT-XH cfin gap tilii6u khd khta, toto vtag cd 7/11 huyen thudc 64 huyen nghen toat ca nudc; mflt sdxa vtog siu, vtog bien gidi cd ty 16 hd nghfio cao trfin 60%.
Dfi tgo cphfli vi difiu kien cho hfl ngheo tu lyc vutm ien pliit ttifin ktoh tfl, ttag thu toap, thu hufag cic chito sich xa hgi toim cai thien va ntag cao ddi sdng ngirdi dta d cic huyen tofin nui, sdm thu hep khotag cich cheto lgch gifia tofin nui vdi cic vtog, mien khic ttong tito, ngiy 04/11/2013, Ban Chap h i t o Dtog bfl tito Thato Hda d i ban hanh Ngbi quyfit sd 09-NQ/TU vfi "Ttog cufag sy l i t o dao cda Dtog ddi vdi cdng tic giim n ^ 6 o toato va ben vmg d cic huyen mien nui Thato Hda dfin nam 2020".
Dfin nay, sau hon 2 nam trifln khai thuc hien, Nghi quyfit 09-NQ/TU dupc d i t o gia ia phu hpp vdi thyc tifin, dip m g dupc Idng mong mdi cua dang bfl vi toto dto cic huyen mifin nui; ddng thdi tgn su lato dgp tip tiung, thdng toit ddi vdi cdng tic giam ngheo vi khpi day dupc sfa mato, quyfit tim vuon Ien cda ddng bio mifin nui. Nhiflu cip dy ding d cic xa thuflc cic huygn tofin nui di chd dflng stog tao flm lahudngdiphuhpp vdi dgc difim, dieu kifln ty nltifin, KT-XH cua dia phirong nfin
* Hgc vifin Hanh chinh Quoc gia
** lyrnVng Chinh tri tinh Thanh Hoa TAP CHl Q U A N Lf N H A NUdc - Sd 238 (11/2015)
CHtfONG TRlNH NGHIlN Ctfu CUA D l TAI KHOA HOC cAp N H A NUdC, MA Sd KX.02/11 -15
" f "^ f w bifln giam ngjieo di dat dupc toung kfit qua bufa dto quan tong hg flifing kfit ciu hg tfag cda dia phuang ttog bufa dupc hifln dai hda; co can khfli tfi tifip ti,ic chuyfin dicb theo hufag tich cue, gta ndng n ^ 6 p vdi pliat trifin toato cdng nghiflp, dich vu; bto sic vto hda cda cac dto tdc, mdi tiufag smh thii tdng bufa dupc bap ve; an nmh ttgt Or dupc giu vmg; ddi sdng vit chit, tmh thto cua ngudi dto ngiy ctog dupc ntog cao.
Tuynhifln, ttong cdngtic lito dgo, chi dao phit ttifin ICT-XH gto vdi thyc hien cfing tic giam ngheo toato va bfin vtog eda mOt sd cip dy dtog cap xa d cic huyen tofin ndi vfa cdn ban chfi, toir viec quta Met, vta dtog va cu thfi hda nghi quyflt, chito sich, phip lugt cda Dtag vi Nhi nufa thito cic giii phap, nhifim vy, kfi hoach phat tiifin KT-XH, xiy dung ndng thdn mdi gfa vfli giam nghfio toato va bfin vmg cua mflt sd cip dy dfag cip xa cdn lung ttog higu qua cdn thip. Vide chuyfin dich co can kito tfi, khai thic vi huy dOng cd hiflu qui cic ngudn lyc, lpi thfi cda dia phirong dfi pliit trien kito tfi, xda ddi, giam nghep cdn chim. Ntog lyc quto ly ^ giu bto sic vto hda, bio vfi mdi trufag smh thai chua cao... 6 mflt sfl noi, cap dy vto bao bifin Iim thay chito quyfin, tryc tifip chi dao cu thfi cic cdng ttito xiy dmg co bta, cic du to diu ttr;
cd noi cip dy Iai budng Idng lato dao chito quyfin ttong phit trifln KT-XH, quto ly tai nguyen, khoing sto, xiy dmg cobfa...
2. MOt sd giii phip dfi ning cao ning lyc c ^ dy c ^ xS cic huyOn mifia ndi
Td thyc tifin tten, dfi nfag cao nfag lyc lito dgo cda dfag uy cap xi d cic huyen mfl'n mil ttong phit ttifin KF-XH, giim ngheo toato vi bfin vtog, gdp phfa xay dtog Thato Hda ttd thito tito khi vio nim 2020 vi tito cdng ngliiep theo hufag hien dai vio nim 2030, cfa thyc hien tdt mflt sd giai phip CO bfa sau:
Mdtli, nfag cao ning lyc xay dmg, ban h i t o va l i t o dao td chfa thyc Men chd
truong n ^ quyfit vfi phit trifin KT-XH, giam nghfio toato va ben vmg cua cip dy dtag cip xi d cic huyfin tofin nui.
Mdt ttong tomg bifiu hien cda nfag lyc lato dao cda dfag dy cap xi ttong phit trien KT-XH, giim ngheo toato va bfln vtog, dd chito li khi nfag ban hato cic chd truong, nghi quyfit sit dtog vdi difiu Mfln tiiye tfi cua dia pliuong vi cd tito kha thi. Tbeo dd, vigc xiy dyng ngbi quyfit, chumg trito kg hoach phit trifin KT-XH cda dang dycicxictacdsy ddi mfa trufa hfit Ii ttong dieu tta, khao sit thyc tifin dfin viec thio luta, quyfit dito vi ban h i t o nghi quyfit, chuong triiih hato dfing.
Dfing thdi, cfa thyc hien tfit nguyen tic tip ttung dta chd ttong thao luta ngbi quyfit; nfli dung nghi quyfit phai dupc cdng khai, mito bgch dfi tliao luto mflt eieh dto chu; tiiroc kbi thio luto cto ttao ddi,btobacvdictabO lato dgo Uto vyc dd; td chfa lay y kifin tham gia phto bien cua Mat ttfa Td qudc, cic td chfa cliito tii - xi bfli. Vtec xiy dmg, ban h i t o nghi quyfit, chuong trito liito dflng vfi phit trifin KT-XH, giam ngheo toato va bfin vmg cto phii dya tt6n eo sd thyc tfi khich quan, phitbuy lpi thfi cda dia phuong; chu ttpng vao cac cac lito vyc trpng yfiu, lya chpn khiu dflt phi, toir. phit trifin cic Inai liito dpato nghigp, hpp tic xa; chuyfin dich cp ciu eay ttdng vat nudi; ddi mdi hito thfa td chfa sto xuat ip dmg tifin bfi khpa hpc ky - thuat ttpng trfing tint, chto nufii, ttong bio quto, chfibifin va tieu thy sto pham... Sau khi ban hato nghi quyfit, phii tap mmg lato dgp, chi dao td chfa tbuc hign, kifim tta, so kflt, tdng kfit, tut kito nghiem.
Haila, ntog cao ntog lyc lato dao, chi dao cliito quyen cu thfi hda cac chu tnrong, nglu quyfit tiiito kfi hogch, chucmg trito cy tiifi, phu hpp vdi tito hito thyc tifin dfi td chfa thuc bign cd liieu qui.
Thyc tfi cho thay, hien nay khiu td chfa thyc bifln cic chu truong, n ^ quyfit vfi phit
TAP CHl Q U A N Lf N H A NUdC - Sd 238 (11/2015)
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CHUONG TRlNH NGHIlN CUUCOADiTAl KHOA HOC CAP NHA NUdc MAsd KX.02/11-15 trifin KT-XH, giim i ^ e n toato va b6'n vmg
d cac xi tofin nui Thato Hda dang dupc xem Ii khiu yfiu toit Vi vgy, dtog uy cac xa cto quan tim lito dgo, chi dgo chito quyfin cap xacu thfi hda cic chutnrong nghi quyfit thito cae CO chfi, chito sich phu hpp de thyc hien, tou: ri snit, difiu chinh quy hnach, tiiyfin truyfin vto ddng ngudi dto thay ddi tap quto sto xuat, chuyfin ddi cay ttdng vat nudi, tbuc bifln tliim caiih, chuyfin cato, tog dmg cic tifin bfl khoa hgc - ky tiiuit vao sto xuat; tgp tiimg ehi dao quto ly, sd dmg ldng ghep cd liigu qua cic ngudn vdn dupc diu tu hd ttp td cac cliirong trito qudc gia vfi xda ddi, giim ngheo (cic chuong trito 30a, 134,135...), lflng ghep cic ngudn vdn dau tu dfi lim ttag liieu qua tong thuc bifln cic chito sach, dy ta cda cip ttfln. IGiai thic sd dmg higu qua dat dai, tai nguyen, khoing sto; ngto chto va day ldi t6 nan xi bfli; vto ddng nhto dto thyc hien chi tidu hpp ly, thuc h i t o tifit kiem, chdng Itog phi ttong viflc cudi, viflc tang vi 16 bfli; bio lim, gjn gifi bto sic vto hda tdt dep cda cic dto tflc, bin vfl mdi trufag sito tliii
Cap dy cto xay dyng quy chfi hpgt ddng vi duy tti tdt vigc fliyc hien quy chfi, hao dam ntog cao vai tid lato dgp, cH dao cda dtog uy, di ddi vdi phit huy ntog lyc quto ly, diflu hinh cda chito quyfin va vai ttd ndng cdt cda Mit nta Td quoc va cic dota thfi chito tri - xi bfli;
ddi mdi, ntog cao chjt lupng giap ban gifla cip dy dtog vdi vdi chito quyfin, lito dao Mit tita va cic doto thfi dfi nghe phto i t o tito hito CO sd, nim bit "dto tim, dto tito, dto y , td do bto bifln phip giii quyfit kip thdi totog vto dfi mdi nay sito. Cbi dgo chito quyfin ri soit, phto ioai bfl ngheo, xic dito nguyfln toto nghfio, ddi tupng ngheo; phto cdng nhiem vu, xac djto rd trich nliiem, thdi gian thuc hien cho cic cac ban, ngato, doto thfi va cto bfl, dtog vien v6 vigc hufag dto, giup dd, hd ttp bfl ngheo thoit ngheo...
Ba la, ntog cao ntog lyc lato dgo cua dtog dy cip xa tong viec pliat huy vai ttd nflng cSt
cda Mat trfa Tfl qudc, cac doto the chito tii - xi bfli ttong phat trifin KT-XH, giam ngheo nhatovibenviing. Ciqiuy dtog phii thudng xuyfin djto hirong ndi dung hogt ddng cho Mat tita Td qudc, cic dota thfi cliito tii - xi bfli; dito ky cip uy dfag iim vific vdi Mit ttan Td qudc vi cac doto thfl, ngbe bao cao, nim bit tmh hito tam tu, nguygn vgng kifin nghi, dfi xuit cua tota dta. Ttag cufag cdng tic tuygn truyfin, giin dye, dOngvita cto bfl, dtog vifin vi nhto dto tfch cyc thyc hifln nghi quyfit cua cip dy, chirong ttito, kfihoach ttong phit ttifin KT-XH, giam i ^ 6 n toato va bfin vfag
Tao CO chfi, mdi tnrong dfi phat huy vai tto cda Mat trto Td qudc, cic doto thfi nhto dto ttong vigc giim sit vi phto bien xa hfii ddi voi cic chd Ouong cua ding dy vfl pbit trien KT- XH, xda ddi, giam ngheo; tirong giam sit boat dflng cda cic td chfa dtog chito quyfin, cua cta bp, dtag vien va cflng chfa. Lito dgo, chi dao cic doto thfi xay dmg cic chuang ttinh cu thfl, phu hpp dfi tbam gia thyc hien cic n ^ quyfit cda cip dy, xem day li nhifim vu ttpng tim, xuyen sudt, dfi td dfi vfa dflng nhto dto thyc bifln, tan tliito cic phong tran thi dua sfli ndi ttong phit trifln kmh tfi, giam nghfin toanh va ben vmg. Pbit huy vai ttfl cua gii itog, tnrfag bto, ngudi cfl uy to ttong viflc vto dflng cac hfl gia dmh phit trifin kito tfi; phit huy va gifi ^ bto sfic tiruy6'n thflng tdt dep, xfla bd cac phong tuc tip quto lac hiu, thyc hien tifit kigm, chdng Itog phi ttong cbi tiiu.
Xiy dmg cic md hinh, difin liito ttong phit ttifin KT-XH, tddd nhto rpng cic md hito bay, kmh nghigm tdt ra dien rflng, kip thdi khen thufag dfi dflng vien, klu'ch 16, tgp phpng ttao thi dua rflng khip cda cic ttog Idp toto dto Lato dgo Mit ttto Td qudc vi cac doto flifi chito tri - xa hfli nim chic tito hito doto vien, bdi vien, plita Iogi bfl nghfio, xac dito nguyfln nhto n^eo. Tddd xay dyng kfihoach, phto edng doto vifin, bfli vito giup ddtirng bfl ngheo, theo phuong cliam "cim tay, chi viec",
D
TAP CHl Q U A N Lf NHA NUOC - Sd 238 (11 /2015)CHUONGTRINH NGHIlN C U U C O A D I T A I KHOA HQCCAP NHA NUOC M A Sd KX.02/11-15 khdng clii cung cap cho ngudi ngheo "chific
cta can" m i cto phii humg dta ngu6i ngheo "cich ciu"; phat huy tito thfa dofa kfit, tuong ttp "tito ifag ngliia xdm", "ia l i t o dum li rich" dfl ho tto tomg ddi tugng xa hOi dgc bigt
Bdn li, ttag cufag sy lito dgp cda dtag dy xa ttpng phat huy vai ttd cda cic chl bd dfag, tito tien phong, guong miu eua dfag vien. Dfag dy cap xa cfa quan tam, tfag cutag htm nfla cdng tic giio dye chito tri tu tufag cho cfa bfl, dfag vifln; chi dao eho cac chi bfl khio sit, nim chic tito hito hO ngheo tt6n dia bfa, phfa cflng giao nhifim vu cho tmg dfag vien tryc tifip gidp do ttog hO nghfio; hfag thfag, bfag quy, cic dtag vifin dupc phfa cflng phai bio cio kfit qua cu thfi vdi clii hO va xem day toumflt tieu chl dfi d i t o gii, xfip ipgi dtag vien. Ddng thdi, phat huy tito tifin phong guong miu cda dtag vi6n ttong phit tiifin SCT-XH, ttong cic phong ttio till dua xiy dmg ddi sdng viii hda d khu dfa cu tbeo phuong chim "Dfag vien di Oirfa, Itog nufa fheo sau", toit la ttong phong ttao xiy dtog cic md bito kito tfi, thyc liifin nfip sdng vto mito ttong vigc cudi, viflc tang... Tu dd, cd vu, dpng vidn quto chtog toto dto tlii dua lap dOng sto xuat, phit trifin kmh tfi, lim giiu chito dtog.
Nim li, ntog cao ehit lupng cflng tic kifim tta, giim sit eda dtog dy cip xa ddi vdi td chfa dtog vi dtog vifin ttong phit tiifin ICT-XH, giim nghflo toato va lie'n vmg. Kifim tta, giim sit gflp phto ntog cao chit lirong lato dao, lim cho sy lito dao cua cap dy dtog gto vdi diuc tifin hm, bao dam tito thdng toit tuyflt ddi giila nghi quyfit vi sy chip hito;
gidp cho cip uy khic phuc bflto quan heu, chu quan, duy y chi, tiiiflu ttich nliiem, suy thoii vfl phim cliit chito tii, dgo dfa, ldi sdng cua mpt bd phfa cto bd, dtag vifin.
Thfa tfi d dtog bfl cac xi mifin ndi Thato Hda liign nay chp tiiiy, nhifiu cip dy ehua thyc
sy quan tim dfin cdng tic kifim tra, giim sat, viflc ban h i t o chd tnrong nglu quyfit dfin phta cdng td chfa thtrc hign chua dupc kifim tra, giim sit thufag xuyfin; sau khi phto cdng chn cic td chfa, ci toto chua cd su kifim tta, dato gii kfit qua thyc hign, dc dd hiflu qua thyc hign cac chd trupng cda Dtog, cliito sach, phip luit cda Nhi nufa vfi pbit trifin kmh tfi, xda ddi, giim nghfio cdn thip. Vt vay, cta ddi mdi vi ntog cao chat lufag cdng tic kiflm tta, giim sit cda cap dy ddi vdi td chfa Dtog va dtog vien ia hfit sfa cto thifit Trong dd, tip ttung kifim tra, giim sit vigc chip hato cic clid truang, ngbi quyfit vfl phit trifin KT- XH, giim ngheo toato vi bfln vmg vigc tbuc bifin nguy6n tic tip trung dto cbd ttong sito hoat Dtog. Ttog cufag kifim tra, giim sit dfin cic Uto vuc nhay cim, dfi phit smh sai phgm, toiE quto ly dit dai, tii nguyfln, khotog sto, tii chiiih, ngto sich, td chfa cto bfl; chd ddng phdng ngda vi xdiy nghiem cie h i t o vi tham tomg, Itog phi..., dfi mdi td chfa cp sd dtog thyc sy li hgt toto ttpng viec gifi dupc vai ttd lito dgo phat tiifin KT-XH, giim nghflo nhato vi bfin vfag d cic huyfln mifin nui, nhim cai thign vi ning cao doi sfing cda ngudi dta tofin nui, sdm tbu hgp khotog each chfito igch gifia tofin nui vol men xudi, gdp phto thfa bifln thtog Ipi cic tihi6m vu chtoh Oi mi Dtog bfl dto Thato Hda di dfl raO
TiiUgu thamkbio:
1. Hd Cili Mito. Thanh Hda kiiu mau. Toto tip. Tip 5 (1947 -1949). H. NXB Chinh tii Qudc gia,2()00.
2.DtogC0ngsto>fletNam. VinkiinDaihdi dai biiu toin qudclan thdXI. H. NXB Chinh tri Qudc gia, 2011.
3. Diin gim ngieo nhanh vi bin vdng tai llbuyenmiinnulciatinhThanbHda.
4. Quyit dinh sd 136-QD/TU ngay 27/4/
2011 cua Tlnh uy Thanh Hda vi Chuong ttinh phit triin kinh ti- xa bdi miin nil Thanh Hda din nim 2015.
TAP CHl O U A N Lf N H A NUdc - sd 238 (11 /20151