Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
TUYEN QUANG THIEC SA KHOANG KHU DONG
Tinh Tuc tin ore mine has been exploited since the beginning of the 2(f'' century but only with the small scale, the present annual capacity of its preparation workshop is about 235,500 tons of raw tin ore (equivalent to 80 tons of bar tin). For meeting the production of 300 tons of bar tin in the coming time as it schedule, Tinh Tuc tin Mining Enterprise have to increase its mining and processing capacity as well.
ThS. NGUYiN VAN MINH KS. NGUVeN TH! THU HONG KS. NGUYfiN HUY HUNG va NNK Vien Khoa hgc Cdng nghg Md - Vinacomin
1. Mo'dau
Md thilc TTnh Tiic (Cao Bang) da dugc ngudi Phap phat hipn va dua vao khai thac tir d i u the ky 20. Hda binh lap Igi, md da dugc eae chuyen gia Lien Xd (cu) giiip dd, d i u t u xay dyng Igi vdi edng nghe ca gidi hda cao:
khai thac bang thilt bj may xiie, van chuyin bang godng tdi sau chuyin sang xe KrAZ;
cong nghe tuyln trpng lye, danh toi bang sire nude, sang logi da bang sang song va sang quay, khii' bun bang phan c i p rupt xoan, tuyln trong lye tren may lang ban dai. San lugng thilc thdi khong ngirng dugc tang len trong giai dogn 1960 - 1969.
Tir nam 1970 - 1980, do anh hudng eiia chiln tranh pha hogi miln Bac va bien gidi phia Bac, san x u i t khdng on djnh, san lugng thilc bj syt giam. O l n nam 1980, md dugc chuyin giao cho Cdng ty Khoang san va Luypn kim Cao Bang, nay la Cdng ty Co phin Khoang san va Luypn kim Cao Bang quan Ii va khai thac. Sau nam 1990, thj trudng thilc cd nhilu biln dpng, cd luc gia thilc xuong thap dudi gig thanh san xuit nen h i u h i t eae md hinh san x u i t tuyln tgp trung bj pha vd,
thay vao dd la mdt so co s d san x u i t t u nhan vdi cdng nghp dan gian, khai thae bang may xuc, van tai 6t6, tuyen tren mang cgn, ban dai. De phat triln san xuit, tan thu tai nguyen thi vipc thay doi md hinh san xuit, ddi mdi cong nghp, d i u t u e h l bien sau la rat e i n thilt nham on djnh ddi song cho can bo edng nhan vien va nhan dan trong viing.
Hien nay, Xi nghipp thilc TTnh Tue ed xudng tuyln thd va tuyen tinh (thu cdng) vdi cdng suit tuyln la 235.500 t i n quang nguyen khai/nam, qua khau luypn, tuang u'ng vdi 80 t i n thilc thdi. Theo ke hogeh cua Tong Cdng ty Khoang san- Vinacomin, san lugng thilc thdi duy tri khoang 300 t i n Vi vay, Xi nghiep thilc TTnh Tue phai tang cdng suit khai thae va tuyln d l dap irng nhu c i u cua nha may luypn.
Viec xay dung mdi xudng t u y l n thd va tuyln tinh eua Xi nghiep thilc TTnh Tuc la yeu c i u c i p bach, nham dap irng nguyen lieu c i p vao nha may luypn.
2. Dac tinh quang nguyen khai
Sa khoang thilc TTnh Tue la t r i m tich x l p aluvi, san pham pha huy cua da goc, vgt
lieu vd vyn la eae da bazo (gabro - diabaz), da thanh phan axit (riolit, loparit) diep thgch, da sirng granit va cac mgch thach anh.
Khoang vat chira thilc chu y l u la eaxiterit (Sn02).
Caxiterit c i p -2+0,2 mm chilm 80%, c i p -0,2mm chilm 17%, dp hgt Idn nhit 8 - 10mm. Chiing hau h i t nam d trgng thai t y do, hat trdn cgnh, tinh t h i cd mau nau, nau den, nau hong.
Khoang vat chu'a vonfram chu y l u la vonframit (Fe,Mg)W04. Vonframit trong c i p +2mm chilm 18%, c i p - 2+0,2mm chilm 29%, c i p - 0,2mm chilm 53%. Chung ton tgi dudi dgng hgt tir nhd d i n trung binh, c6 mau den, eat khai rd rang.
Inmenhit (FeO.TiOa): c i p +0,2mm chilm 45%; c i p - 0,2mm chilm 55%. Chung nam d dang hgt, m i u den anh kim, gap d h i u h i t trong cac m i u phan tich khoang vat toan phan. Ham lugng ciia Chung dao dpng: 2,69 - 3,63%.
Vang (Au): La khoang vat di kem, bat gap trong mot so than quang. Vang ton tgi dudi
KHCNM SO 4/2011* CN TUY^N, C H £ Bif N THAN - KHOANG SAN
T h o n g t i n k h o a hpc c o n g nghe m o
dang vay mdng < 0,5 mm, ham lugng thap.
Theo tinh toan, d i t quang khai thae ed ham lugng binh quan: 800 g/m^ Vonframit: 40 g/m^. T h i trpng tnjng binh cua d i t quang nguyen khoi la 1,95 tan/m^
3. X u d n g tuyen quang Qua trinh tuyln quang thilc qua hai giai doan: giai dogn tuyln tho ngng ham lugng thilc len 15%, giai dogn tuyln tinh nang ham lugng thilc tir 15% len 70% d l lam nguyen lieu cap vao nha may luypn.
- Xy&ng tuyen tho
Xudng tuyln thd cua Xi nghiep thilc Tinh Tiic hien tgi dang hoat dpng on dinh va cho
chit lugng tot. Do dd, vipc lya chpn cong nghe tuyln tho tuang ty nhu cong nghe dang ap dung de thuan tien cho qua trinh van hanh, duy tu, bao dudng thilt bj. Day chuyin cdng nghe tuyln tho dugc t h i hipn tren hinh 1.
Quang d u g c ehd v l nha may t u y l n bang oto, do vao bunke, d u g c danh toi bang nude ap lye, qua sang rung ( k i l u c h i n song khe hd a = 50mm) d l logi da +50mm.
Bun quang -50mm t i l p tuc d u g c danh tai bang may ru'a canh vuong, bun tran - 1,0mm dugc c i p len xielon, san p h i m tran xielon dem thai -0,074mm, san p h i m Quang nguyen khai
cat dem c i p lieu cho may lang t u y l n tho (- 1+0,074)mm. San p h i m cat quang may rCra canh vuong (-50 +1)mm c i p vao sang rung ( k i l u c h i n song khe hd a = 16mm) de tiep t^ue loai da +16mm. San p h i m d u d i sang -16mm dem tuyen tren may lang tho (tuyen chinh, t u y l n vet).
Tinh quang may l i n g tho.
dem t u y l n tren may lang tinh ( t u y l n chinh, t u y l n vet). Tinh quang may l i n g vet quay t u y l n Igi. Duoi cua t i t ca eae may lang vet dem thai. Tinh quang may l i n g tinh 15% Sn.
Sang song (a=50mm)
T
May ri>a canh vuong
r
Xielon Sang rung (a=16mm)
May lang tuyen tho May lang tuyen vet tho
r
May ling tuyin tinh
May lang tuyen vet tinh
BCin cat thai
I
Tinh quang 15% Sn Da thai+16mm Hinh 1. Sa do cdng nghe tuyen thd quang thiic
KHCNM SO 4/2011* CN T U Y £ N , CHE BIEN THAN - KHOANG SAN
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Nhu vay, quang nguyen khai giai dogn tuyln thd nang ham lugng thilc Sn tir 0,031% len ham lugng 15%
vdi ty le thu hoi dgt 82%, va ham lugng WO3 tir 0,0015%
len 0,7%. Tinh quang eiia xudng tuyln tho tilp tyc duae tuyln d l nang ham lugng d l lam nguyen lieu cip cho nha may luyen thilc.
- XuKmg tuyen tinh Cong nghe va thilt bj tgi Xi nghilp thilc TTnh Tiic c6n kha Igc hau va phan tan, cho nen chua thu lioi dugc triet de khoang vat ed ich (chua tach rieng dugc vonframit ra khdi hon hgp inmenhit va vonframit...). O l thuan tien cho vipc quan ly, giam ehi phi van hanh, bo tri toan bd thilt bj tuyln tinh vao mdt xudng tuyln tinh de tuyln nang cao toan bp san phim tinh quang xudng tuyln thd.
Luu trinh cong nghp: Tinh quang tir xudng tuyen thd ve tuyln tinh gom ed 2 loai san pham: quang tren sang may lang ed cd hgt +3mm va tinh quang may lang ed ed hgt - 3mm; ham lugng binh quan 15%Sn. Quang tren sang may ling cho qua dap bua Id ludi 3mm, nhap chung vdi san phim tinh quang may lang va dugc tuyen tren ban dai 1 d l tach thanh cac logi:
san phim chira vang, san pham chira thilc + inmenhit + vonframit (gpi la san pham chira thilc), trung gian ban dai va dudi thai. San pham chira vang tilp tue dai tren ban dai 2 (2 lin), sau do cho dai bate (dai thu cdng) liy ra san phim vang com; phan
cdn Igi nhap chung vdi san pham chira thilc; Trung gian ban dai 1 quay tuyln Igi; Sgn phim chu'a thilc (dudi dai bate) + dudi ban dai 3) qua khii' nude (bang lang, ggn), roi dua phoi, siy. Quang sau khi phoi siy dugc sang phan logi 2 ludi 1mm va 0,5mm , san phim sang chia thanh cac dong vdi cac cip hgt khac nhau: dong +1mm, dong cip hgt -1+0,5mm va dong cip hgt -0,5mm. Quang tir cac dong tren dugc tuyln tren may tuyln tir chinh (tuyen tir tryc) cho ra eae san phim:
san pham ed tir (inmenhit + vonframit), trung gian quay tuyln Igi va san phim khdng tir la tinh quang thilc. San pham cd tir (inmenhit + vonframit) dugc tuyln Igi tren may tuyln tir vet (tren thilt bj tuyln tir 3 dTa) liy ra cac san pham: quang sat tir, quang inmenhit, tinh quang vonframit, tinh quang thilc dugc nhap vdi tinh quang thilc eua may tuyln tir chinh.
Nhu vay, tirng dong mot lin lugt tuyln tren may tuyln tir chinh va may tuyln tir vet, cac san phim ciing logi cua qua trinh tuyln tir rieng le dugc gop chung Igi de tgo thanh cae san phim thanh pham. Sa do edng nghp t h i hipn tren hinh 2.
Tgi xudng tuyln tinh, tinh quang cua tuyln thd vdi ham lugng 15% dugc tuyln lam giau len ham lugng 70% va cdn thu dugc eae san pham di kem: tinh quang vonframit dgt ham lugng 60% WO3, vang com va tinh quang sat
Tdm lai, d l dap irng nhu ciu san xuit ra 300 tin thilc thdi, Xi nghipp tuyln quang thilc phai diu tu md rpng xudng tuyen vdi cong suit quang nguyen khai la 955.500 tin/nam vdi ham lugng quang thilc la 800 gam/m^ va thuc thu tinh quang thilc trong xudng tuyln thd la 82%, san luang quang tinh sau tuyln thd dgt 1.650 tin/nam (ham lugng 15% Sn). Qua tuyln tinh, thu dugc tinh quang tiiilc
Bang 1. Can bang sin phim tuyen quang thiec Tinh Tuc-Cao Bang
TT 1 2 2.1
2.2
San pham
Quang nguyen khai San phim tuyln Tinh quang
-Tinh quang 70%Sn
- Quang vonfrgmit 60% WO3 - Vang com
- Quang sat Quang thai - Thai tuyln thd - Thai tuyen tinh
DVT tin
t i n t i n t i n tan
t i n t i n
San lu'O'ng 955.500
339,43 13,48 0,01238 782,01
953.846,00 505,07
KHCNM S 6 4/2011* CN TUY^N, C H £ BIEN THAN - KHOANG S A N
Thong tin khoa hpc cong nghe m o
Quang thiic tho tren may ling +3mm Tinh quang thl§c tuyln tho -3mm
Dap bua -2mm
->J!t- Ban dai 1
t ^ Ban dai 2
T
Dal bate Ban dai 3 Duoi thai cat
Vang com
Ling,gan
Phci, say
-1 -^
NU'O'C tran
Sang rung phan loai
• ! +1 Tuyen tir chinh
-> i -1+0,5
Tuyen tii' chinh T
"^ -0,1
Tuyen tip chinh
Tuyen tip vet Tuyln tij' vet Tuyen tip vet
- • r * -
SattiP Tinh quang WO3
T
Inmenhit Tinh quang Thiec Hinh 2. Sa do xuang tuyen tinh quang thiec Tinh Tuc
ham lugng 70% va thyc thu 96%, edn thu dugc vang com, quang voframit, quang inmenhit va sat..., nang cao ty lp thu hoi, tan thu tai nguyen mang lai gia tri kinh t l cao.
Bang can bang san pham cua Xi nghipp tuyln thiec TTnh Tuc vdi quang nguyen khai vao tuyln la 955.500 tin/nam dugc t h i hipn d bang 1.
4. Ket luan
Xay dyng xudng tuyen thilc sa khoang cd cong s u i t phii hgp vdi quy md khai thac, t i l t kiem chi phi san xuat, lam nguyen lieu cung c i p cho xudng luyen t h i l c d l duy tri san lugng khoang 300 t i n t h i l c thdi mdi nam nhu djnh hudng chien luge
eua Hoi ddng Quan trj Cong ty Cd p h i n Khoang san va luyen kim Cao Bang da d l ra nham tang doanh thu, mang Igi hipu qua kinh t l va tao viec lam, thu nhap cho can bd cong nhan vien va eon em cac dan tpc trong vung, gdp p h i n on djnh an ninh, chinh tri va trat t y xa hpi trong khu vyc./.
KHCNM SO 4/2011* CN TUYEN, CHfi BI^N THAN - KHOANG SAN
