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l ^ : Trong cac ngay 8 va 4-10- 2015, tai TP.HCM didn ra cuAc Hoi thao khoa hoc toan quoc voi chu Oe Van hoc, aghe thuat vdi vl$c xay i^g nhan each eoa agadi Viet Nam do Hoi Obno Ly luan, phe binh van hoc, nghe thuat Trung uong td chiic. Tham du co hon 150 nha khoa hoc, cac van ngh$ si Udn bidu, one can bo lanh dan, chl dao, quin ly van hpc, nghe thuat t trung uong va mot so tinh, thanh phd. Bdng chl Truong Tan Sang, Uy vien Bo Chinh tpi, Chii tich nubc CAng hda xa hoi chu nghia Vidt Nam; ddng chi i i Kha Phieu, Nguyen Tdng Bl t h i r B » Chap hanh Trung uong Bang cong san Viet Nam da tdi dir va phat bleu goi mv mot sd van de can cdt, cd gia trj djnh hudng trong qua trinh tridn khai thuc hien cd hieu qua Nghi quyet 23-NQ/TW cua Bd Chinh tri ve Tiep tue xay dung va pbat tpieu van hoe, nghe thuat trong thei ky mm va Nghi quyet 33-Nq/TW ciia Ban Chap hanh Trung uong Bang khda XI Ve xay gang va phat tPieu van boa, emi^umVietNamdapimgymieau
^at tpiea ben vung Sat nuee. VHNT trich dang y kien ket luan cudc Hdi thao quan trpng nay cua PG8,TS Nguydn Hdng Vinh, Chii tich Hdi dong Ly ludn, phe binh vdn hpc, nghd thudt Trung unng.
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dn de xay dvng nhdn each con ngudi trong vdn hpc, ngh? thudt, dupc dng eha ta quan tdm tu rdt ldu, md dien hinh la Tran Nhdn Tdng, Trdn Hung Dao, Nguyen Trai, Nguyen Du, Nguyen Dinh Chidu... da sang tao nhftng tae phdm d l ddi vl ddn tdc, vl nhdn each vd sd phdn con ngudi vdi mpt chu nghTa nhdn vdn cao d^p, v l thdn phdn nhftng ldp ngudi cu thd trong timg giai doan lich sit cy the. Va trong mdi thai ky lich su ciia ddn tpc ta, gidi vdn hpc, nghe thudt nudc nhd ddu coi dd la nhidm vu ve vang cua ngudi"chd dgo ", gdp siic xdy dung ndn tang tinh thdn xd hdi.
Trong giai doan phdt tridn mdi ciia ddt nudc hidn nay, viec xdy dung nhdn cdch con ngudi Viet Nam van la mpt trong nhiing vdn d l cot loi, thdi su, edp bach ciia su phdt tridn bin vftng ddt nudc, dang duac du ludn xd hdi dgc bidt quan tdm; ddng thdi cung Id ddi hdi cdp thidt cua cong chiing vdi nen vdn nghd cua nudc ta trong giai doan mdi. Nghi quylt Hpi nghi
Trung uong 9, khda XI (tiidng 6 - 2014) v&Xdydimg vd phdt trien vdn hoa. con ngudi Viet Nam ddp ung yeu cdu phdt trien ben vimg ddt nudc da chi ro: "Phat trien vdn hda vi su hoan thi?n nhan each con ngudi vd xay dyng con ngudi dd phdt triln vdn hda. Trong xay dyng vdn hda, trpng tdm Id chdm lo xdy dimg con ngudi co nhdn cdch (chiing tdi nhdn manh), c6 loi sdng tdt dep vdi edc d§c tinh ca ban: yeu nudc, nhan ai, nghia tinh, trung thyc, do^n ket, cdn cu, sang tao".
1. Ve khai nifm nhan each con ngirM vh thuc trang
Nhdn cdch Id tdng hpp nhung phdm chdt, nhfing thuoc tinh bdn sdc cua c^
nhan, vd gid trf xd hqi cua con ngudi.
Nhdn each dupc bilu hi?n tap trung d nhung phdm chSt vd ndng lire npi tai, nhfing yen td ben trong ciia mdi ca nhdn, dupc bdc lp qua mdi quan he gifta con ngudi vdi con ngudi, gifta con ngudi vdi xd hpi. Mdi cd nhan trong cudc sdng ciia minh diu tilp
I
SO 377 Thang 11-2015thu nhung gia tri pho bidn cua xd hpi, thdng qua svr tiep nhdn vd chon lpc ciia ban than dl hmh thdnh nhiing gia trj cdn cdl ciia nhan each. Dd Id cde gia tri, nhu ly tudng, nilm tin, quan h | lpi ich, dinh hudng nhdn thiic vd hanh ddng dl xac dinh hanh vi cu the mang nhiing ddc trung chung ciia toan xd hpi. Nhdn each, theo Hd Chi Minh la dire vd tai, Idy due ldm gdc; nhdn cdch hhih thanh qua syr tu dudng, ren luyen bin bi ciia cd nhan, chiu s\r tac dpng ehi phdi ciia xd h^i, nhung "phdn nhieu do gido dye md ndn".
Ve thj^c trgng nhdn cdch trvng Ddng Tir khi ddt nudc budc vdo thdi ky ddi mdi, ddy manh su nghiep cdng nghidp hda, hidn dai hda, thuc hien ca chd kinh t l thi trudng djnh hudng xa hdi chu nghTa va tien hdnh hpi nhdp qu6e td sau rpng, dd nay sinh nhieu vdn dd xd hpi dang quan tdm. Trong bdi canh tae ddng xdu ciia mdt trai kinh te thi trudng va su tdng cudng chdng phd cua nhung lyc lupng co hdi, thu dieh vdi dm muu, hdnh dpng "dien bien hda binh", thiic ddy "tu didn bidn" , "tu chuydn hda" trong Ddng, lam eho mOt bO ph^n khdng nhd edn bp, ddng vien d nhilu nganh, nhilu cdp do thidu tu dudng ren luyen, da mdt canh gidc, sa vao t$
quan lieu, tham nhung, 16i sdng hudng lgc, budng thd, xa rdi thyc tl, ken cua, chay chuc, chgy quyln, eyc bp, hh phdi, gidm siit y chi chien ddu, thdm chi vi pham phap ludt... dang cd chilu hudng gia tdng, lam gidm siit nidm tin ciia nhdn dan ddi vdi Dang (thyc ti-gng dd da dupc ndu ro trong Nghi quyet Hdi nghi ldn thfi 4 Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uong Dang khoa XI v l Mgt so vdn di cdp bdch ve xdy dung Ddng hi^n nay).
Cd thd coi dd la nhfing bilu hien cu the cua sy tha hda vd nhdn cdch ciia mdt bp phan khdng nhd cdn bp, dang vidn dang dien ra d cde cap, kd cd trong nhung ngudi giu trpng trdeh d cdp cao. Id "mpt thyc trang ddng bdo ddng ". Nhan ddy cdn nhde ldi cdnh bao ciia Hd Chi Minh:
'T)o bdt liem ma di den tdi de trdm, cdp". Ngudi dSn ra ldi Khdng Tii: "Ngudi ma khdng liem, khdng bdng siic vgt"; edn Manh Tu noi: "Ai cung tham lpi, thi nudc se nguy". Tft dd, Hd Chi Minh chi ra rdng, suy cho ciing, d l can bp hu hdng la do chu nghTa cd nhdn phat tridn. Nhu
T R A O ¥iCy\
Ban Chdp hanh Tnmg uong Dang khda XI dd khdng dinh: cupe ddu tranh chdng tham nhung, tidu cue trong Dang tuy cd su chuyin bidn ban ddu, nhung chua dgt yen cau de ra. Ddy eiing la rao can ldn trong qua trinh xdy dyng nhan each con ngudi khidn cho can bd, nhdn ddn bat binh, anh hudng tieu eyc den vide mydn truyen, gido due dgo due, ldi sdng, niem tin, ly tudng xa hdi, nhat Id ddi vdi the he tre.
Ve thitc trgng nhdn cdch xd hgi Du ludn xd hOi td ra lo ngai vd ldi sdng budng thd, vpng ngogi, lai cdng..., dang cd chidu hudng tdng len. Te nan ma tuy vd nhilu te ngn tieu cue xd hpi dang len ldi vao timg gia dinh, cdng dong, trudng hpc... gdy nen nhfing hanh dpng phi nhan tinh, nhu cudp ciia, giet ngudi, cudng hilp, diing bao Iuc dl xfi ly cac mdi quan he thdng thudng... Ddng luu y Id, nhirng vy vide thdm sat man rp* gan day didn ra d Binh Phude, Nghd An, Yen Bdi, Qudng Tri, Gia Lai..., lam du luan xd hpi bdng hodng, lo ldng trudc nhiing hdnh dpng mdt hdt nhdn tinh. Cai dc vd cdi thien ngay cdng dan cai, nhilu luc, nhilu nai, cdi dc Idn at cdi thi?n; nhimg roi logn trong he gia trj phdm chdt dao diic dang can nit luong tdm nhimg ngudi chdn ehinh; ddc bidt Id tinh trang tham nhung, bdt binh ddng vl thu nhgp, bdt cdng trong xfi ly ddt dai vd thuc hi?n cac chinh sdch xd hpi..., hau nhu chua co bien phdp dot pha de khae phuc. Thyc tidn vdn hda vdn dang tyt hdu hon so vdi kinh te, lgi dang ngdn ngang trdm mdi, chua xac dinh that rd diem t{ra de ngdn chgn vd phat tridn. Cd y kiln dat vdn dd: phdi chdng, chiing ta da phien dien, phdn ndo ty danh mdt minh, ddnh mdt ban sac vdn hda dan tdc trong tiing con ngudi hdm nay?
vi nguyen nhdn thtfc trgng
Trong khi khdng dinh nhfing thanh tiiu to ldn, cd y nghTa ljch su sau gdn 30 nam tiiuc hien cdng cudc ddi mdi ddt nudc, tidn hanh cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda, thuc hien ca che kinh te thi trudng dinh hudng xd hdi chu nghTa vd hdi nhgp qudc tl, nhieu y kiln bdn khoan trudc nhfing thdnh tuu ve van hda, van hpc, nghe thudt chua tuang xfing vdi sy phdt tridn kinh tk,;
day dd xudt hi?n nhieu vdn de ddng lo ngai.
So 377 K l Thdng 11-2015 • •
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Chiing ta nhd lai idi cdnh bao cua Thu tudng Pham Vdn Ddng, nha van hda ldn cdch ddy 21 ndm: "Mpi tdng ldp nhdn dan cua mpi dia phuang, nhat la nhiing ngudi dang sdng dau khd, trudc nhitng hidn tupng thudn phong, my tuc ciia dan tdc mat ddn vd thay vao do khdng bilt bao nhieu thdi hu, tgt xau ddn ddn trdi day hodc xdm nhdp tii ben ngoai". Tu dd, Thu tudng dat cdu hdi: "Neu mdi trudng do d nhilm them theo hudng hien nay, thi mpi ngudi chung ta se sdng ldm sao, sd sdng vdi ai vd se sdng de ldm gi?". Cudc Hpi thdo nay se thiet thyc gdp sue tim cdu trd ldi thda dang ddi vdi vdn de ma nhd vdn hda ldn da chi ra tii ldu.
Ciing vdi tinh trgng suy thodi ve hi tudng chinh tri, dgo due, ldi sdng, mdt sd tham ludn mgnh dgn ndu len nhimg hgn che, bdt cap dang tdc dpng xdu tdi vide hinh thanh nhdn cdch. Dd Id, ddi sdng van hda, tinh than d nhilu nai cdn ngheo nan, sy hudng thy van hda gifia midn niii, vung sdu, vimg xa so vdi cac dd tlii, viing ddng bdng dang cdn khodng each ldn. Mdi trudng vdn hda tdn tgi tinh trang thieu Idnh manh; sy tidp thu ao at cde trdo Imi tu tudng, nghe thudt phdn tidn bO trong cde hogt dpng van hda - vdn nghe ed ve nOi dung vd phong cdch bieu dien... khdng phii hpp thye tidn, Idm mdt di bdn sdc ddn tdc Viet Nam.
Dd cap nguyen nhdn trtfc tiep, nhidu y kidn nhdn manh vai trd chii quan ciia cde chu the hogt ddng tu tudng, vdn hda, giao due; vai trd cac td ehuc dodn thd trong he thong chinh tri cac cdp td ra thd a, dd ldi eho nhau. Ddng chii y, viec dgy vdn hpc tu he phd thdng den cao dang, dgi hpc - mpt nhan td eyc ky quan trpng de tdc dpng hinh thdnh nhan each ddu ddi cua con ngudi bi buong ldng, hogc ldm chidu Id; trong khi do vai trd cua gia dinh, edng ddng, xa hdi ddi vdi giao dye hdu nhu md nhgt Di hdn do la cdng tac dinh hudng, kiem tra, the chd hda cde ehu truong, chinh sdch vd vdn hda, van nghe qud chdm vd chua sdt thyc tien. Mpt bo phan vdn nghd sT hoac ne trdnh, hogc thd a, lanh dam, budng xudi, khdng ddm duong ddu chdng lai cac thdi hu, tat xau nen tdc pham phdn dnh hien thuc ndng can, md nhgt, khdng khac hpa ro net, sau sdc dien
mao xa hdi vd chan dung nhan vat eiia ddi sdng duang thdi. Khdng it ngudi mdc b?nh siing bai nhiing ly thuylt xa la ciia phuang Tay, tiep tiiu khdng chpn lpc cac ly thuydt dd, ddn ddn nhiing tdc hai khdng nhd (nhu van dyng Iy thuydt "giai ty su", "gidi lich su", "gidi thieng", "gidi ldi nguyin", "gidi gidi tinh"). Cung vdi qua trinh dd, la su "ldn ngdi" cua cde ydu td hinh thfic. Id ham mudn ddo sdu vdo the gidi tdm linh, vd thuc cua con ngudi... Mpt sd vdn nghd sT edn hgn chl trong tilp can vd nhdn thfic nhung vdn de mdi ciia cudc sdng, chua cam nhdn ddy dii y nghTa, chidu sau vd tinh phiic tap cua qud trinh ehuyin biln mang tinh lich su trong thdi ky mdi cua dat nudc. Trong mot so trudng hpp, ed bidu hifn cyc doan, chi tap trung td dam mat den tdi, tidu cyc ciia cudc sdng hidn tgi, thdm chi xuyen tac, bop meo lich su, hodc bi edc thd luc co h$i, thii djch loi keo, da sdng tdc, truyen ba ede tdc phdm d^c hgi, di nguae lgi lai ich ciia nhdn ddn, ddt nudc.
2. T h u c t r a n g ve van hgc, ngh^ thufit t h a m gia x^y d u n g nh^n cdch con ngirdi Cdn khdng dinh vdn hpe, ngh$ thuat dd c6 nhiing ddng gdp ldn trong cde cu^c khdng chidn gidi phdng ddn tpc, bdo vp nln dpc Igp vd trong sy nghidp ddi mdi ddt nudc, hpi nhap quoc te vdi hang logt tae phdm cd gid tri thfic tinh, b6i ddp tdm hdn, tri tue, ldng ydu nudc, ldng ty h^, tu ton ddn tpc, ly tudng vd nhan cdch cao d?p cua con ngudi Viet Nam. Dd Id nhung tdc pham cua nhung tdc gid ldn nhu: Td Hihi, Chl Lan Vidn, Huy Can, Xudn Didu, D S Nhuan, VSn Cao, Nguydn Dinh Thi, Nam Cao, Nguyen Huy Tudng, Vu Cao, Td Ngpc Vdn, Tran Vdn Can, Nguydn Dd Cung, Nguydn Sang, Phan Ke An, Huynh Van Gdm, Diep Minh Chan, Nguyen Thi, Nguydn Khoa Dilm, HGu Thinh, Phgm Tiln Dudt, Dd Chu, Ma Vdn Khdng, Hdi Ninh, Dang Nhgt Minh, Thu Bdn, Luu Quang Vu, Thanh Thdo, Nguyen Due Mdu, Vuong Trpng, Anh Ngoc, Pham Anh Phuang, Tuylt Minh,...
Nhung tdc phdm ciia nhidu thd h$ vdn ngh? sT tu sau nam 1930, nhdt la sau ngdy lap nudc den nay, da khde sdu trong tdm kham ngudi dpc ve nhdn cdch cao dep ciia nhilu thi h§ ngudi Vi§t Nam - do la long yen nudc, thuong ndi, y tiiitc
I S 6 377 iTh^ng 11-2015
T R A P 0 6 1 ty gidc chap nhdn hy sinh cho dpc lap, tu do ciia
td qudc; Id tinh thdn "ddng vien di trudc, lang nudc theo sau". Id IS sdng "mdi ngudi vi mpi ngucri, mpi ngudi vi mdi ngudi". Ddng chu y la, tii sau nhiing nam 80 cua TK XX din nay, khi ddt nudc tidn hanh cdng cupe dli mdi do Ddng ta khdi xudng va Idnh dao, dd xudt hidn them nhieu tae gid, tae pham vdn hpc mdi cd gid tri hi tudng, ngh? thudt cao, thi hi$n tinh da dgng edc chu dd ndy sinh tii nhung vdn d l buc xiic cua doi sdng xa hpi, nhiing gdc khudt trong suy nghTvd than phdn con ngudi; ddc biet, cd nhiing tdc phdm dd cap tryc di?n v l sy suy thoai, xudng cdp cua dao due xd hpi, nhdn each con ngudi, cd tac dung canh bao, khoi gpi y thfic dau tranh ddy liii cdi dc, vun ddp cai thidn, nhu cde tae phdm ciia Nguydn Khde Trudng, Duong Hudng, Cao Duy San, Nguydn Tri, Nguyen Bdc San, Xuan Due, Hodng Qudc Hai, Nguydn Xudn Khdnh, Ld Ngdn Sun, HOn Phuong, Trinh Thanh Phong, Bdo Vu, Trdn Vdn Tudn, Thdi Bd Lpi, Nguydn Quang Hd, Nguyen Khde Phe, Chu Lai, Trdm Huong,...
Ciing vdi vdn hpe, edc tdc phdm ngh? thudt, nhu sdn khau, di?n dnh, truydn hinh, dm nhae, my thudt, miia... dd cd nhidu tim tdi sang tao, gdp thdm tilng ndi cd vu cdng chiing hudng tdi nhftng gid trj dgo due mdi, gdp phdn tieh eye vao vi^c xdy dyng nhdn cdch eon ngudi hudng tdi chan - thidn - my. Gdn day, khi tinh hinh bidn Ddng cd nhimg biln dpng phfic tgp, trong edc ndm 2011-2012, cupc thi tho, nhgc vdi chu dd Ddy biin Vi^t Nam dd thu hut lyc lupng vdn nghe sT ldn nhdt ed nudc tham gia vdi gdn 1500 tdc gid, dem lgi ket qua dang trdn trpng. Sau mdt giai dogn md chdt sfi thi, chdt anh himg ca ldng xudng, thi ddn cupc thi nay dd dugc khai day, thdi bung ldn ngpn lua ydu nudc mgnh me, ed vii y chi quyet tam bdo v? chu quydn, todn ven Idnh thd thidng lieng cua td qudc. Ngoai cupc thi dd, chu de bien, ddo, chii quydn ddn tpc... van tilp tyc dugc vdn ngh? sT hudng img, khoi day ngudn cam hiing sang tao mdi trong vdn, tha, nhgc, miia, nhilp dnh, sdn khau, di?n anh, my thudt... trdn khdp cac dia ban ed nudc, dem lai sinh khi mdi md, cd tdc dyng ldn ti'ong giao due
nhdn cdch, Iy tudng sdng cua con ngudi Viet Nam trudc bdi canh dat nudc dan xen thdi ca va thdch thiic, van hpi vd nguy ca.
Cung vdi nhiing thanh tuu dat dupc nhu dd ndu trdn, thi sdng tgo vdn hpc, nghd thudt ve dao dfic, ve nhan each con ngudi tuy dd duac phan anh vdi sd luong khdng nhd trong cac logi hinh vdn hpc, nghe thudt; song, nghidm tuc nhin nhgn thi cdn khdng it tdc phdm chua khde hpa dugc rd net nhung nhdn vdt dien hinh mang ti'nh tieh cue xd hpi, ma edn cd ndi dung thieu tinh xdy dyng, thdm chi phan gido due, phdn dao due, phdn nhdn each. Ben canh nhidu tdc phdm thi hien dugc sinh khi xd hpi, khdt vpng ddi mdi, cdn khdng it tac pham md nhat, non yeu vd chdt lupng tu tudng vd nghe thudt. Cd biet, da xudt Men nhiing tdc phdm xuyen tac, Iam sai lech bdn chdt ddi mdi, tham chi phu nhdn sgch tran qud khu, gdy ra phdn ung chinh ddng cua du ludn.
Khdng it tdc gia, nhdt la nhftng tde gia tre van qua say md vdi cde dd tdi "thdi thupng", nhftng chii de "hot", nhu bgo Iuc, tinh due, bdn nang, ma qudn di chuc ndng gido dye va du bao cua vdn hpc... Tac phdm van hpc, ngh? thudt ed xu hudng dl dai, ehidu theo thi hidu - thi trudng, the hien d nhieu liic, nhieu ITnh vuc ed bieu hidn dp ddo.
Dd cdn Id nhiing hien tugng boi nhp, xuyen tac lich sfi dugc tan phat trdn mang intemet, hodc trong mdt sd tdc phdm dd khai thac ti mi cac khia canh tinh due, chii trpng qud nhidu ddn tinh chat gidi tri, bd qua nhiing npi dung cdt ldi, ban chdt ciia dgo dfic, nhdn each, xa rdi cde chudn muc chdn - thidn - my, xda nhda nhihig tinh hoa vdn hda, dgo dfic dan tgc. Mdt sd chuang trinh san khdu, ca, mua, nhgc "thi trudng" hien dang lam hoen d thudn phong, my tiac cua vdn hda, nhdn cdch, dao due Viet Nam, gay su bat bmh cua cdng chiing.
Nhimg mat chua tdt cua van hpc, nghe thudt tren ddy cd ngi^en nhdn khdch quan nhu dd ndu d phan tren, cdn cd nguyen nhdn chu quan Id trdeh nhiem cua mgt bg phdn vdn nghd sT. Mdt sd y kiln khdng dinh: thuc trang viec phdn dnh chua sdu sdc su xudng cdp dao due, nhan each trong vdn hgc, nghd tiiudt, cd nguydn nhan tfi xa
S6 3 7 7 | ThSng 11-20151
hdi, nhung ciing cd nhung nguyen nhan sau xa tu bdn thdn ngudi Idm van hgc, nghd thugt Id chii the sang tao. Tren thyc tl, cd hien tugng ddng chu y la, nhieu tdc gia td rd y tiiuc trdeh nhidm trong sdng tdc, cd gang xay dung nhiing nhan vdt chfnh didn nhu Id nhiing chuan muc ve dgo due, nhdn cdch xd hgi nao dd; song hiem khi thdnh cdng, hodc do non tay, hodc bi chi phdi bdi myc tidu thucmg mai... Mat khac, khi tim hidu, khdm phd bdn chdt cudc song Men nay, mgt sd vdn nghd sT vdi cdch nhin dinh kidn, chu quan, philn dt?n, da tap trung midu td xa hdi hodn todn Id mdu den, hodc de man den ldn at hdt cac gam mdu sang, ma le ra van ngh? sT vdi trdeh nhiem cdng dan, ngMa vy xa hdi phdi vun ddp va nhan rdng nhiing mdm tiiai tdt dy thdnh rfing cdy cd nMeu boa, trai ldn dt cd dai vd qud dpc. Mpt vdn de niia cdn dupe nhae Igi la, qua trinh sdng tao la qua trinh ggn due Idioi trong. Id tdn trpng edc gid tri vdn hda tMeng Udng cua dan tpc, ciia nhirng nhdn vat lich su da ndm ldng trong cde the he ngudi Viet Nam, nhung mdy thgp mdn gan ddy, Iai xuat Men mdt sd tae pham
"gidi thieng", phii nhgn gid tri cac cudc khdng chidn giai phdng ddn tdc, bdo vd td qudc, bdi xich mot sd anh himg dan tdc vdn dugc nhdn ddn ta tdn kinh, ngudng mg. Dd xudt Men nhung hidn tugng siing bdi hinh thfic, tu ddnh hdng minh, bidn that thdnh gid, cd tgo ra nhftng scandal trong mdt sd hoat dgng vdn hgc, dm nhgc, nhiep anh, sdn khdu, dien dnh... Ngudi ngh? sT cd phdn thd a, thu minh trong thi gidi ridng, tMeu cM khi ddi mdi tu duy, nghe thudt sang tao, chay theo tdm ly dam ddng, tim kilm lpi nhudn, xa rdi nhftng vdn dd cdt loi cua ddi sdng, dd cao mot CMIU chuc ndng gidi tri, eoi nh? chuc nang nhdn thuc, giao due, thdm my cua tde phdm, dang cd cMeu hudng tdng len...
3. Mdt so giai phap chu yen De cao trach nhiem cua vdn nghe sT trong viec xdy dung dgo due, nhdn cdch, ldi sdng ciia con ngudi Viet Nam
Trudc hdt, cdn nhan thuc sdu sdc mdt yeu cdu quan trpng ndu trong Nghi quylt Trung uong 9, khda XI ddi vdi vdn hpc, nghd thudt: "Hoan thidn cac chudn muc gid tri vdn hda va con
ngudi Viet Nam, tao mdi trudng va didu kidn dl phdt trien vd nhan each, dgo due, tri tu?, ndng luc sdng tgo, the chdt, tdm hdn, trach nhidm xS hgi, nghTa vu cdng ddn, y thuc tuan thii phap ludt; de cao tinh thdn ydu nudc; ty hao ddn tdc, luong tam, trdeh nhiem cua mdi ngirdi vdi ban thdn minh, vdi gia dinh, cpng ddng, xd hpi vd ddt nudc". Theo chung tdi, ddy ciing that sy la su menh. Id trgng trdeh cao ca ciia vdn nghe si vdi tu cdch la ngudi ehidn si tidn phong tren m^t tran tu tudng - vdn hda nhu Idi dgy eua Hd Chi Minh: "Day Id cdng viec cue ky to ldn, ndng nd phuc tap nhung cung rdt ve vang. Ddy Id cuOc cMen ddu chdng lai nhting gi dd cu ky, hu hong d l tgo ra nhiing eai mdi me, tdt tuoi".
Van de xdy dung dao due, xdy dung nhan cdch con ngudi Men nay dang trd thanh nhu clu cdp bach va cam hung sang tgo cua dpi ngu van nghe sT. Bien cdm hirng sang tgo thdnh tdc phim cu the 6B gdp sue vun ddp dgo dfic, nhan c^ch con ngudi Viet Nam Id mpt qud trinh khdng dem gian. 6 khia canh quan trgng ndy, chiing tdi ddng tinh vdi cdch tilp can cua m$t sd tac gia la, khi nMn con ngudi Vipt Nam ndi chung, khdng chi thdy mat uu, mdt mgnh, ma cdn th§y cd mat hgn chl, mdt ydu kdm; thdy hgn chl, yeu kem dd ra sue khde phye, chfi khdng phdi de danh mdt ldng tin. Dilu ndy ciing Id n§i tian trd ciia sd ddng vdn ngh? sT hidn nay. Trdn eo sd de cao trdeh nhidm nghd sT - chien sT, mdi vdn ngb$
sT CO gang hudng vd ca sd, nghien cihi sau thuc tidn dang van ddng da dang, phuc tap, nhung da vd dang xuat Men khdng it dien hinh cd nhan, tap the trong qua tiinh hgc tdp, ldm theo tim guong dao dfic Hd CM Minh. Vidt vd dgo ditc, dd cao nhdn each, truyin cdi tdt, cai d?p cho ngudi khde, eho xa hdi, md nhd vdn khong la tdm gucmg sdng thi rat khd thuydt phuc cong chung. Chung ta cang thdm thia ldi nhd tri thuc Ngd TM Si (TK XVIII) rdng: "Dem dgo thanh Mdn dd qud trach thdi ddi, khdng bdng dem dao ly ddi thudng de cdm hda long ngudi". Theo hudng dd, xa hgi ddi hdi vdn nghd si dd cao tinh tiidn tu ren luydn, bdi dudng, gifi gm nhdn cdch ciia nunli, khdng ngung ti'ch luy tri thuc vdn hda, bam sat Men thuc cugc sdng, tim tdi, phdt M?n,
I
So 377 Thang 11-2015CO T R U Y S N kham phd nhung ydu td mdi mang tinh bdn chat
xd hpi trong cd qud trinh sdng tgo. Thyc td da eho thdy, ndu vSn nghd sT that su Id tai ndng, cd tdm, ed tdi, cd tdm, tM du trong bdt cu hodn canh ndo cung co thd sdng tao ndn nhung tdc phdm ed gia tri dieh thye, d l lai ddu dn, vd d?p ldu bin trong xd hdi.
Tdng cudng cong tdc qudn ly cua ngdnh gido due - ddo tgo vd cde ngdnh lien quan
Nhidu y kien ndu ra nhfing bdn khoan tiirdc thuc trgng gido dye hi?n nay lien quan true tilp viec xdy dung nhdn cdch con ngudi, vd cho rdng: nhd tnidng chua coi trpng gido dye dgo dfic, giao due nhdn cdch cho hpe sinh, sinh vidn, chi chu trgng day chfi, chua chu trgng dgy ngudi... d khia canh nay, chung tdi ddng tinh vdi nhdn dinh vd kiln nghi cua mOt sd tdc gid:
ndn gido due ehung ta coi nh? vdn de xdy dyng nhdn cdch con ngudi Viet Nam cho cac gido vien vd hpc sinh - dd cung Id nguydn nh§n ea bdn gdy ra nhiing bieu hidn tieu cue trong mdi quan h?
thdy - trd, quan h? gia dinh - nhd trudng, quan he ling xu gifta hpe sinh vdi hgc sinh, trong dd rat ddng chu y la, ngn bgo lyc trong cde hpc sinh nft d mpt sd trudng trung hpc tfi co sd trd ldn dang gia tang.
Qua nhidu ldn khao sat thyc t l d nhung trudng trpng didm dao tgo vdn hda, vdn nghd trong cd nudc, Hgi dong Ly luan, phd binh vdn hpc, ngh? thudt Trung uang dd ndu kiln nghi:
Bp Gido due vd Dao tgo cdn thudng xuydn ddy manh cdng tdc kiem tra, thanh tra, rd sodt, dieu chinh, bd sung ehuong trinh gidng dgy d cde cdp hpe theo hudng tdng cudng vd sd lupng vd chdt lugng nhiing tdc pham vdn hpc nghd thudt cd gia tri cao ve tu tudng, nghd thudt, cd tdc dyng gido due dgo dfic, Idi sdng, bdi duang vd d?p tam hon, nhan cdch con ngudi Viet Nam trong giai dogn mdi. Kip thdi chdn chinh, logi bd nhiing ndi dung trong mdt sd de tdi nghidn eiiu khoa hpc vd vdn hpc, ngh? thugt dang gay tdc hgi din nhdn thuc, thdm my cua hpc sinh, sinh vidn. Cac tinng tam nghidn cuu, gidng dgy cdn sdm cd bi§n phdp xit ly diit dilm nhfing hien tupng giang day, hudng ddn lugn vdn, ludn dn trdi vdi dudng ldi vdn hda, vdn ngh$ cua
Dang, phli nhan nhiing gid tri chudn muc ve van hda, ve dgo due, xuc phgm ddn nhdn cdch con ngudi Viet Nam. Thilt nghT, dd gdp sue tMdt thuc gido due dgo dfic, nhan cdch cho hgc sinh, sinh vidn, Bd cdn ehi dao quydt lidt edc trudng khdn truong ddi mdi, eai tien mgnh me ndi dung chuang trinh, sach gido khoa ve cde mdn vdn hge, vdn hda hpc, my hpc, giao due cdng ddn;
ddc biet, cdn phdi ehu y viee dgy cac mdn hpc nay ngay tfi tuoi nhi ddng, thilu nidn. Duong nhien, nhidm vu ndy Id cua cd he thdng chinh tri, nhung nhd trudng edc cap hpc ddng vai trd ndng cdt, tidn phong. BB thuc hien tdt nhiem vu ndy, thilt ngM cdn nhde lgi ldi nhd vdn vT dgi Victor Hugo: "Vdi cd nhdn, quydn luc duy nhdt phdi la luong tdm; vdi nhdn ddn, quydn luc duy nhdt \aphdp lugf.
Md rong sir phoi hgp cac ban, bg. ngdnh hiiu quan
NMdu y kidn dd nghi cu thd: Bp Vdn hda, Thd thao va Du lich, Bd Thdng tin vd Truyin thdng, Bp Gido dye va Ddo tgo, Bd Khoa hgc vd Cdng nghd, Vidn Han lam khoa hpc xd hdi Viet Nam; cac to chfic chinh tri - xa hgi, xd hpi - nghd ngMep... can tdng cudng su phdi hgp thdng nhat chuang trinh, kl hogeh. Id trinh thuc Men cac de dn khd thi hidn khai Nghi quylt 23-NQ/TW cua Bg Chinh tn, Nghi quyet Hdi nghi Trung uang 9, khda XI. Ddng thdi, coi trgng cdng tdc qudn ly nhd nudc, cM dao cac dan vi true thugc xfi ly dfit didm, ngMdm minh nhiing bieu Men tidu cue trong tuydn truydn, quang bd, gido dye, ngMdn cfiu, giang dgy, hoat dgng vdn hda, vdn hpc, nghd thudt, hogt ddng bdo cM - xudt ban... Trude het, cdn sdm khde phuc tinh trgng de cao qua mfic chfic ndng giai tri, tdn sung chu nghTa hinh thfic, dan den lech chudn trong tat ea cde logi hinh vdn hda, vdn hpc, nghe thugt; kip thdi phdt hi?n, ed vu nhung tae phdm hay vilt vl dgo due, nhdn edch con ngudi; ngdn ehdn va phd phdn xu hudng "gidi tMeng" cde gia tri tinyin thong lich sfi, dgo due, nhdn edch tdt dep cua con ngudi Vi^t Nam.
Hdi ddng L;y ludn, phd binh van hpc ngh?
thudt Trung uang se tilp tiie phdi hgp vdi cde bp, ngdnh lidn quan khao sat, nghien ciru Iam ^ t
So 3771 Th^ng 11-20151
cdng tdc tu vdn, tham miru giiip Ban Bi thu, Bd Chinh tri, Chinh phii, Ban Tuyen giao Trung uang... v l nhung vdn de Udn quan dao due, nhdn cdch con ngudi dang dugc du ludn xa hdi quan tam. Dong thdi, Lidn hiep edc Hdi vdn hpc, ngh? thudt \^dt Nam cung vdi cde hdi chuyen ngdnh cua tnmg uong, dia phuang, edc ca quan bdo chi, xuat ban vd cd he thdng chinh tri cde cdp ddy mgnh vide tuydn truydn, quang bd cde tdc phdm vdn hpc, ngh? thudt tieu bidu, xuat sdc vilt ve dgo due, nhdn each con ngudi cd tdc dgng tich cye vdi cdng chiing va xd hdi.
Ddi mdi, bo sung ca che, chinh sdch NMeu y kidn kien nghi: edc ban, bg, nganh Uen quan edn chu y ngMdn eiiu, tu vdn, de xudt vdi CMnh phu xem xet dieu chinh chd dp nhugn but ddi vdi nhiing tdc phdm vdn hgc, nghe thudt va bdo cM viet vl chu de ndy tuong xiing vdi gia tri, phu hgp vdi tinh hinh Men nay. Tiep tuc phoi hgp cac hdi chuyen nganh trung uong dd xudt che dp phy cap thudng xuyen ddi vdi cac vdn nghe sT da cd thdnh tuu xudt sdc va nhung ngudi cd hodn canh ddc bi?t khd khan, tao thdm didu kien de giiip hp sdng vd boat dgng sang tgo thugn lgi; bd sung, hodn thidn chl dp dgi hdng ddi vdi vdn ngh? sT tich cyc sang tao nhung tdc pham vdn hgc, nghd thudt ldn vidt vd nhdn each con ngudi.
Cde hdi chuydn nganh trung uang vd cde dia phuang cdn quan tdm giiip van ngh? sT thudng xuyen nam bdt nhiing vdn dd chinh tri, kinh td, xa hdi vd thuc tidn cudc sdng da dgng, nhidu chidu, tgo ngudn cam hfing cho sang tgo van ngh?. Phat hi?n kjp thdi nhfing tae gia ed tac pham xudt sdc; tren ca sd dd ddng vien, khen thudng thda dang va chpn lgc, gidi tMeu, qudng ba rpng rdi trong nudc va ngoai nudc.
Cde hpi chuydn ngdnh tu trung uong ddn dia phuang can phdi hgp cac ea quan hfiu quan xdy dung vd hodn thidn Quy chl giai thudng, trong dd edn d l cao trach nhidm thdm dinh tdc phdm, coi trpng chdt lugng, tgo dupc su ddng thuan, sue lan tda tich cye cua cde gidi thudng vdn hpc, nghd thudt hang ndm ddi vdi cdng ehung yeu vdn hgc, nghd thudt. Hon luc nao hdt, can dd eao vai trd cua vdn hoa dgc, nhdt la
doe cde tdc phdm viet ve dao dfic, nhdn each con ngudi; chu y tMch dang vide sdng tac ddoh eho nhi ddng, thilu nien; khdi phyc vide day chft Hdn - Viet trong cac trudng khdi van h d ^ i vdn hpc, nghd thudt de khai thae, tidp thu di sto quy bau ciia dng cha viet ve dgo dfic, nhdn cicb con ngudi Viet Nam qua edc thdi ky ijch sfi;
coi trpng gido dye truydn thdng tdt dpp cua dan tpc, trong dd ed truydn thong cdch mgng vi khdng chidn,...
Ddy manh cong tdc ly ludn, phi binh Cdn day manh han nfia cdng tae ly ludn, phd binh vdn hpe, ngh? thugt de Idm tdt vai h-d gan bd, ddng hanh, dinh hudng cde hogt dpng sang tgo. Cdng tdc ly ludn, phe binh vdn hpc, nghe thuat hidn nay cdn tap trung vao mdt sd trong tdm sau ddy:
Cde trung tdm ngMen cuu, gidng dgy, cac nha khoa hgc tidp tyc di sdu ngMdn cfiu, tdng ket Iy lugn, phe binh vdn hgc Viet Nam d m§i ITnh vyc chuyen ngdnh; ddng thdi phdi hgp, cOng tdc tich cue vdi Hdi ddng Ly ludn, phe binh van hpc, ngh? thuat Trung uong thuc Men thanh cong De an khoa hpc cap Nha nudc vd Ly ludn vdn nghe a Viet Nam - Thuc tien vd dinh hudng phdt trien dd hinh thanh he gia tri chudn myc, vua giup cho vi?e dinh hudng sdng tao, vfia giup cho viec thdm dinh, danh gid tac phdm vdn hpc, nghe thudt trong thdi gian tdi - nhu Nghi quyet Dai h^i XI cua Ddng dd cM ra.
Nhay ben phat Men va kjp thdi phdn bic nhftng bilu hidn lgi dyng, Igm dyng cSc ly thuylt van nghd nude ngodi, nhu thuylt "tmng tam - ngogi bidn", hogc "gidi lich su", "giii thieng", "h-d ehai van hoc"... nhdm xoa nhoa ehue ndng nhgn thuc, gido due, thdm my cda van hge, nghd thugt, muu toan phu nhdn tmyen thdng lich sfi, tinh hoa vdn hda dan tpc, xda nhfia thanh qua each mgng trong cac cu^e khang cMdn oanh lidt gifi gm nen ddc lap, tu do va p\M tridn ddt nudc cua Dang vd nhan ddn ta. Ddy tiiat sy Id mgt cugc dau tranh khdng kem phan quyet li?t ti-en mat ti^ van hda - tu mdng, dS va dang ddi hdi sy ddng gdp tich cye, cd trdeh n M ^ cua mdi vdn nghe sT chung ta«
N.H.V