Nghi§n edu Gia dinh va Gidi
So 6 -2012
Van hoa nhom va viec sur dung chat hjch thich dang Amphetamine trong nhdm nam tinh due dong gidi tai Viet Nam
Nguyen Thj Trang Nhung, Tran Thj Diep, Hd Thj Hien
Trircfng Dai hoc Y16' Cong cong
Bui Thj Minh Hao, Tran Thi Hda
Tmng tSm Nghien cifu va Dao tao H!V/AIDS, Tri/ong Dai hoc Y Ha Npi
Tom tat: Viec sd dung chat kich thfch dang Amphetamine (ATS) dang trd thanh mot van de xa hoi va y te cong cong. Cac nghien ciiu gan day ciing chi ra su gia tang ciia xu huSng sii dung ATS trong khu vUc, dac biet cl cac thanh pho' li3n va tiep theo do la cac hau qua cua ATS do'i vdi ca nhan va xa hgi. Nam tinh due dong gi6i (MSM) la mot trong nhflng doi tUcfng co nguy cU cao v6i sd dung ATS. DUa tren viec phan tich so'Heu dmh tinh thu dUdc qua cac cugc phong va'n sau 40 MSM da va dang sii dung ATS c( Ha Noi, Da Ning va thanh pho'Ho Chi Mmh trong khuon kho mgt nghien cUu Idn do Cd quan Phong cho'ng ma tiiy va toi pham ciia Lien hiep quo'c (UNODC) tai trg, bai vi§'t nhSm mo ta van hoa nhom trong viec sii dung va duy tri sii dung ciia ATS. Ket qua phan tich cho thay nh6m co mgt vai tro quan trgng trong viec bdt diu va duy tri sii dung ATS. Ban be trong nhom ia ngUcli gidi thieu MSM bat dau dung ATS; nhom giiip hg duy tri "cugc so'ng co ATS" nhU hiin tien mua thuoc, di mua thuo'c cho cac thanh vien nhom va quan he tinh due tap th^
trong nhom, Cac can thiep nham giam tac hai lien quan de'n sil dung ATS can phii hdp vfli van hoa nhom MSM va chu y tdi y§'u to'tac dgng ciia nhom.
Tijf khoa: MSM; Nam quan hg tinh due dong gidi; ATS; Thuoc lac; Da; Tac dgng nhom.
112 Nghi^ncUuGiadlnh vdGidi. Quy6'n22, s6'6, tr. 111-118
1. D|t van de
Sir diing chfl't ki'ch thi'ch dang Amphetamine (Amphetamine Type Slimukinis - ATS) dang gia liing d c^c nudc DOng Nam A. AIS da v^
dang gop phdn lam mflt an ninh irSl tir cho c^c nud-c trong khu vtrc cung nhu dang trd ihiinh mdi vrin d^ y tC c6ng cdng can duac quan i.im (Farrell vii nhQ-ng ngu6i khac, 2002; UNODC, 2003). ATS gay ra cdc r6i loan lam Ihdn kinh nhu iritm cam. lo au (UNODC, 2003; licyrcr va nhffng ngudi khiic, 2004). Ngoai ra cung cd nhidu nghidn cihi chi ra c6 mO'i lien quan giffa sir diing ATS vk bj mac cac bfinh vifim nhl^m lay qua dudng tinh due (Bcyrcr vii nhung ngu6i kh.ic, 2004; Inglcz-Dias va nhung ngudi khde. 2008).
MSM Ik mOl trong nhffng nhdm cd nguy ctt cao doi vcri su dung ATS (Inglez-Dias vii nhffng ngudi khac. 2008: Rawsiomc, 2007) .ATS cd lac dimg lam tang hung phan u'nh diic, khien ngudi .sir dttng cd ihft quan hi tinh due tap ih^ vk khdng sii dung bao cao su. Vi vfly sit dung ATS 1^ yfi'u 16' nguy ca vdi HIV trong nhdm MSM vk ra ngo^l cdng ddng (CDC. 2006).
Bai viel md la van hda nhdm vh phan lich lac dong ciia nhdm trong vific sir dung v^ duy iri sir dung AIS Irong nhdm MSM Kci qua nghien ctJu se cung ca'p bang chimg cho vific \;ty diJng cAc can ihifip giam lac hai phii hop cho ngudi su dung .MS Ki M.SM
Nghien cihi ap dung ihifi't kfi'djnh linh. Co 40 cudc phong vS'n sau nam quan hfi tinh diic ddng gidi tt.l v.i dang stir dung ma liiy tdng hc^ tai 3 ihanh phd: Hk Ndi, Da NSng \ ;i ihiinh phd H6 Chf Mmh S<> lifiu duoc phan li'ch Iheo chu d^ sir dung phdn in6m NVIVO 8.0.
2. Ket q u a
Siir d u n g A F S t r o n s n h d m M S M
Vice sir dung ATS irong nhdm MSM la tuong dd'i phd bifi'n. Nhicu dd'i lucmg tham gia plumg \;in s.ui (3/4) ndi ring ly le dung thudc lac irong nhdm MSM kha cao. Mm sd MSM trong nghifin cihi con ndi thfim rSng khdng cd su khac bifit \'e ly 10 sir dung ATS giffa cac nhdm ddng tfnh khde nhau. MSM cd sir dung ATS bao gdm nhidu thanh phin khac nhau nhu
"bdng kin", "bdng Id"; can bd cdng chiic, hoc sinh v^ sinh vifin. Dd iu6i su dung ATS trong cdc nhdm ddng tfnh cung da dang:
Trong nh6m em c6 10 ngudi thi 7-8 ngudi si^ dyng Ihufic tac (MSM, Da Ning) DLI loai thanh phSn d6,... thSnh phan thudng dan, bSc sT, ky su cung c6 choi rdi nhifng ba gia d6 cung choi (MSM, TP H6 Chi Minh).
NHiiyrn Thi Trang Nhung va cac tac gia 113 Gia nhap nhdm MSM Ik mdi nhu cSu ciia MSM de duoc khang djnh minh. Ho ,sc khdng bi ky ihj la mdi MSM. Nhidu MSM chia se. ho gia nhap nhdm vii str dung ATS vdi hy vong se duoc cha'p nhap trong the'gidi cita ho.
Chfnh vi bon chau la MSM chau Iu6n c^m lhay x^u hd tui than vdi b^n than minh cho nfin chSu sir dung c^c loai ma tuy tdng hop nay 66 minh qu6n di n6i bu6n n6i s^u ciJa mmh (MSM, Ha N6i)..
Tac dong nhdm \di \ itc bai dau sir dung ATS
Do nhdm MSM cd ty Ic sir dung ATS cao, gia nhap nhom MSM khien cac Ihanh \'icn cd nguy ca sir dung ma niy va duy iri sir dung ma niy cao.
Loai thudc hp diing Mn diiu lien da sd Ik thud'c lac, tuy nhien mdi ty 16 khdng nhd ndi rang ho dung ca thudc lac va da (melhamphetamine dang linh Ih^). Dac bifit, hp thudng dupe sir dung midn phf [An Aku tifin tai noi sinh hoat cdng ddng cua ho. Co hdi tidp xiic iSn dSu lien nay cd thd ia liic dang di choi, tham dtr sinh nhat, Id ici (nd-en, let duong lich), tai cac quan bar hay vti irudng; hodc la du Id khai truong cua hang ciia ban. Ho dupe ban be cho/mdi hoac ru de rdi "thir cho biet". Cac ddi tupng nghien ciJu cQng cho bifi'l \k do ban be diing nen hp "a dua" theo. Hp ddu duac cho mdt lidu ra't nhd de thir, nhu chi du nfi'm (cd the chi la mdt ph^n tu. mdt phan nam hoac nhidu nha't la mdt nira vien thud'c).
Mac diJ nghien cuu nay khdng cd sd' lieu ve ty lfi MSM tff chd'i Idi mdi sir dung ATS ciia nhdm. song cd the tha'y rang Idi gidi thieu ciia nhdm/ ban be trong nhdm cd y nghia trong viec bat dau su dung ATS cua MSM. Mot MSM chia se ve Mn dau lifin sudung thudc lac:
Co mot anh 6 trong nhom day thi anh ay di mua ve xong anh ay chia cho, nhiJng ngudi choi lau roi co the can ca vien hoac hon mot vien, con nhiing dUa mdi chrt CO the can mgt phan hoac mot phan hai (MSM, Ha Noi),
Tuy nhien. cd MSM trong Ihanh phd Hd Chf Minh da neu ra mpt vi du ve tac ddng lich cue cua nhCmg ban be trong nhdm trong viec han che MSM sur dung ATS.
Hom qua n6 co mua ve nhung ma bon chau bao la thoi ngUng khong choi nffa, thi no cung khong choi (MSM, thanh phd Hd Chi Mmh).
Mdi trudng sir dung
Nghien cihi nay cho tha'y vu trudng, quan bar cd vai trd quan trpng vdi MSM. Day la noi hp giao luu, hen ho vdi ban be. chia se vdi nhiJng ngudi ciing cd xu hudng tinh due vdi hp. Tham gia vao nhdm cd the ph^n nao giam dupe ap luc irong cudc sd'ng hang ngay. Cac ddi tupng nghidn cffu cho rang quan bar, vu irudng la mdi trudng thuan lpi cho lie'p can va sff dung ATS. Mdi MSM d Da Nang da cho rang "minh thd'y nhu Id da sold
114 Nghien cUu Gia dinh vi Gidi QuyS'n 22, so 6, tr. 111-118
dimg ATS d vn n ndng ' Mdi MSM khde d th^nh phd Hd Chf Minh cung cd chung ^ kifi'n: ''Dong !() ngitcyi d vu trudng thi 7-H ngifdi dung . Uan chffng irfin cho tha'y vific lifi'p xtic vdi mdi irudng nguy cd cao xung quanh nhom MSM Id nguy ccf cho vific sff diing ATS b nhdm cdng ddng nay.
Dia difi'm .sff dung ma tiiy Id khde nhau dd'i vdi cdc nhdm MSM khac nhau. Mdt .sd nhdm su dung phong rifing lai nha cdc ihdnh vjfin. M<)l sd nhdm thufi nha nghi dfi^ su dung. Sdlthac d^n quan bar hodc ^ irudng.
Thi thudng thudng ai quen bidt rdi, tam su vdi nhau. ngu bidt minh choi thi thudng rii di choi. ru ddn nhd nghf hoac di dau dd chor (MSM. Hd NOi)
\\i\\ hdii n h d m t r o n g siJr d i i n g A I S ATH Id phucmg tiin gdn kit nhc'm MSM
Dd'i vdl nhung ngudi nam gidi iham gia nghifin cira vdi ph^n Idn \k Ihanh nifin ihi nhdm dd'i vdi hp Id "mdi trudng xa hdi" irong dd ATS duac xem nhu la mdt "cdng cu" kOi nd'i giua cdc cd nhdn irong nhdm. .VFS dupe su dung d^ "mdi moc, chdo hdi". Cd ngudi ndi rdng "ihdy quy ban ndo thi CO thi xin scidien thogi xcmg hen vdo vu trifinig chai Idc".
Sd lupng ngudi trong nhdm khde nhau, ihudng lu khoang lir 7 dfi'n 15 ngudi. Da .sd MSM deu ndi la hp can chung va diing chung ATS. M"i ddc didm khde dd'i \ di \'icc su dung .VIS Id chai mdi minh sc rd'l "chdn". Tham gia nhdm cung se dfi ddng cd ihudc dfi' diing bang each chung lidn vd cd ngudi dl mua ihudc cho ca nhdm.
Nhung ndu mfit minh thi chdn Idm, c6 nhac nhung thich c6 mdi nguflS khac gidng mmh, hp cung d trang Ihdi phfi ciing phan khich Thudng Uilch c^ nhdm, vl du ca nhbm chf c6 1,2 ngudi khfing thich thi em cung khdng choi. n£u c^ nhdm cung chai Ihi mdi choi, nhu vay thi s6 vui htm; thi c6 thd ngudi nay cho ngudi khde muon tidn cung dd ddng hon, Khi cfi nguoi hfim dfi khdng c6 lidn thi dung tam ctia ban b6. ddn khi nao cfi lai mdi lai (MSM. Hd N6i)
Ddi vdi nhffng ngudi da sudiing ma tiiy Ihl nhdm cd l ^ quan trpng Id duy tri cudc sd'ng nghicii. Hp cung ndi ring gid ciia dd cd thfi" iir 200 ngdn ddn 3 trifiu ddng: gia ciiii thud'c Idc Ihi Iff 100 ngdn dfi'n hon mdt irifiu ddng mdi \'ien Vi vay. \ di nhung ii;^udi khdng cd cdng an vific lam ihi su dung Iheo nhdm Id lira chon id'i im. D.i\ Id cung mdt ly do khifi'n cho cac MSM thich su dung ATS Iheo nhdm.
Khi ndo ban em nfi thidu tidn khodng 200 ddn 300 ngdn dong nfi kfeu em bo tidn vao rdi di mua vd diing chung (MSM. Od Ning).
Ban trong nhdm Id nhung ngudi giiip cac thanh vifin khac trong nhdm cd Ihudc choi chung. Cdc phdng vd'n cho ihd'y, dfi' mua thud'c dd dang ihi phai quen vd d trong mang ludi vi nhflng ngudi ban chi bdn va giao hdne cho nhung ngudi quen do sp cdng an phat hifin. Thfim vdo dd, theo mdt sd
Nguye'n Thj Trang Nhung va cac tac gia 115 MSM chia se, thdnh vifin trong nhdm cd thd gitip mua duac thud'c co chdt luong hern.
Giifa ngudl mua vd ngudi bdn thi phdi than nhau, phii bidt nhau; ndu khflng quen bidt thi cfi goi ngudi ta cung nfii Id khong cfi; phai Id nguOi thdn va da tffng mua nhidu lan thi ngudi ta mdi bdn (MSM, Od Ndng).
Bon chdu thudng di theo hfii, thudng k6o nhau di rdi khde cd ngudi diing ra mua, gdp tidn xong cfi ngudi dUng ra mua cho a. cfin bon chdu khfing biet chfi bdn ddu a. nfi bao nfi bidt chfi con khfing thi khfing bidt chfi nhd mua phai do qia (MSM, Ha Nfii).
Quan he tinh due
Mdt sd' nam thanh nifin tham gia nghifin cffu nay cung cho bie't mffc do lin ludng u-ong nhdm cao. Mdt sd nhdm con cd Ihdi quen di choi (vQ Uirdng) phai cd dii ngudi trong nhdm. Cac thanh vifin trong nhdm cd thfi' mdi thfim ngudi cung choi. Mot sd khac ndi rang ho phai rii nhiing ngudi than quen trong nhdm di choi vi "thindo cung quan he tinh due sau khi sitdiing thud'c vd da so Id quan he tinh due tap thi\
Thi nhom MSM cung cff ru nhau di vu tardng. khong thi vd nha choi, Hoac ndu khi ngudl ta thich nhau mudn di choi vdi nhau thi ngudi ta rO di choi, choi xong dfi thi cd chuyen Idm tinh vdi nhau. Cung cfin tiiy xem ngudi ban dfi nhu the ndo thi mdi nj di duoc (MSM, Da Ndng).
Nhu U"fin da dd cap, kfi't qua nghien ciru cho tha'y mdi lien quan gifla hanh \'i tinh due \'a vific duy tri sff dung ATS trong cac nhdm. Da sd cac dd'i tupng phong va'n ndi rdng ban tinh thudng la ngudi trong nhdm va quan hfi llnh due vdi nhieu ngudi trong nhdm sau sff dung ATS la phd bifi'n. Mdt MSM cung cho bifi'l thfim rdng khi su dung ATS thi ho se cd thfim ban tinh.
Ban tinh thi nhidu hon, ndu khong diing lac thi chi co mpt ban tinh thoi nhung khi tiling roi thi cd quan hfi vdi nhidu ngudi (MSM, Da Ndng)
Dieu ndy cd the' la do ATS giiip cho hp dd ddng hem trong tie'p cdn ban tinh hodc la hp cd thfi' cd quan hfi llnh due vdi nhung ngudi mdi quen bifi't.
Mmh hit cdng nhidu thi ham mudn tinh dye cao va minh muon quan he ngay lap tffc, da nay sau khi minh hit den do them quan he tinh dye thi khong con phan biet ddu Id nam ddu la n(? nffa ma cd the giai xin cOng an thit [quan he tinh dye]
ca giai lufin md gdi cung quan he lufin ca gai (MSM, Ha Npi).
Trao doi linh due cung dupe ghi nhan irong nghifin ciiu nay. Qua phdng va'n, mdt dd'i tupng cho bifi't cd ngudi trong nhdm ciia hp quan hfi tinh due vdi ngudi ban Ihudc de cd the la'y thud'c vdi gia re, hodc duy tri ban tinh:
"bd la dai gia nfin ihudng xuyfin bao/cho thudc".
Minh ne, thi ngudi ta rii minh di choi nhung minh ndi minh het tien ndn minh vdi anh la trU, "U thd thi cung duoc" minh cung chiu [chidu] lufin, may lan vay dfi (MSM, TPHd Chl Minh).
116 NghiencffuGiadinhvAGidi. Quyen22, s o 6 , tr. 111-118
'IVnn lai. nhdm la mdt trong nhung mang xa hdi quan trpng vdt cu .c sd'ng MSM. Didu nay phdn nJio Id do ky ihi kep cua xa hdi vdi nguai su dung ATS Id MSM. Su gia tdng va sir phd bi^n ciia vific su dung A i a trong cdc nhdm MSM gdp phdn Idm tang nguy cd sir dung va duy in s dung ATS cho qudn thd iiiiy. Ngoai ra, nhdm cdn giup 1dm tdng nguy co lay nhifim HIV khi MSM thudng cd quan hfi linh due tdp thfi sau khi su dung ATS.
3. Ban luan
Trong nghifin ciru nay. chiing Id! danh gia lai nhung anh hudng cua nhdm dfi'n hanh vi cua MSM. ('u thd, su anh hudng cd the phdn chia thanh 3 khfa canh: mdi quan hfi trong nhdm, cdc cd'u true nhdm \:i chffe ndng ciia nhdm (Knowlton v;i nhffng ngudi khde. 200.'i). Moi quan hfi trong nhdm la ban bd. ngudi yfiu, ban hoc. ban linh: t;iu true cua nhdm la ddc tfnh ciia md'i quan hfi trong nhdm chi (so luang, kkh cfj): vd chffe ndng ciia nhdm bao gdm c:ic chudn muc, quy dmh hay ddc difim ciia nhdm dd nhu la sudpng vicn hay hd Irp trong trong nhdm. Trong nghifin cffu na>. chung tdi tim thdy anh hudng ciia ca ba khi'a canh ndy Ifin vd'n d^ sir dung ATS ciia MSM Cac MSM trong nghifin cuu ndy chi ra ban be (gdm ca ban linh.
ban choi) va thdm chf hp hdng la nhffng ngudi ddng i:op quan irpng trong vice sff dung va duy tri sff diing .\TS irong nhdm. Tuy kfch thudc va dac didm (Ihd hifin d van hda nhdm) cuu cac nhdm cung da dang nhung ihudng la nhung ngudi "ddng vien" wi "ddn ddi" MSM su dung .\TS.
Kci qua nghiCn cihi ciia chiing idi cung ddng ihudn vdi nhifiu nghifin cuu irfin ihfi'gidi. Valenle da chi ra rdng nhihig hanh vi nhu hut ihudc la hay lam dung ma iu\ cua vj ihdnh nidn bj anh huong nhidu bdi ban be irong nhdm (Valenle, 2003). Nghifin ctJru a Trung Qu6c chi ra rdng nhiing ngudi chua su dtmg tna ni) hi anh hudng khi quan sdt ihdy hdnh vj sff dung ma luy ihudng xuyfin ciki b.in minh va ddn ddn ho chdp nhdn dd nhu mdi hdnh vi binh thudng \;i cung tham iita iKoram vk nhCmg ngudi khde, 2011). Nghifin cffu vd ddng luc sff liung NUihainphclamine trong mdt nhdm ihanh nifin tai Thai Lan cung chi ra rdng dp luc nhdm vd co hdi lifip xiic vdi mdi irudng ngu> co cao cung Id ly do cho \iec su dung ML-thamphelamine trong nhdm n.iy (Shennan va nhung ngudi khac, 2008). Didu ndy duoc gun thfch rdng ca die cua mdi con ngudi chung ta mud'n thfi' hifin la minh hda ddng hay "thudc \ d " mdt nhdm nao dd (I kiiiLTty BMK vd R K.. 1995)
Nghifin cull nay cung chi ra su anh hudng mang tfnh chd'l vong xoay giua sff dung ATS va dp luc nhdm ciia qudn thfi' ATS. D^u lifin, ATS giup ket nd'i hp vdi nhau thdnh nhdm (rii thfim ban be, cd ihfim ban tinh). Sau dd nhdm lai la giup hp duy u-i vd'n dd sff dung ATS. Mdi irong nhung ly giai cho anh hudng ciia ban be Ifin su su dttng ATS irong nhom nhirng
Nguye'n Thj Trang Nhung va cac tac gia 117 ngudi nay dd Id su ky thi hay thifi'u quan Idm ciia gia dinh dd'i vdi nhdm Hifin nay. kht MSM d Vifii Nam \';\ii chira dirpc thffa nhan va dang dupe xem Id mdt benh trong xa hdi thi nhffng dp lire linh thdn tir mdi trudng bfin ngoai va gia dinh dfi ddn nhffng ngudi nay vao mdi irudng nguy ca cao (vu trudng, quan bar) va bi Idi ken bdi nhung hanh vi tifiu cue. Didu nay gpi y rang cdc can thifip giam vific sff diing ATS nfin bdt ddu tir su quan tdm ciia gia dinh dd'i vdi MSM hay su giam ky thi d ngoai cdng ddng dd'i vdi qudn thd ndy.
Kfi't qua nghifin cffu cung chi ra anh hudng li'ch cue ciia nhdm len han ehd sff diing ATS irong MSM. Vi vfly. chdng ta cd thd su dung su anh hudng cua ban be Irong nhdm de giao due hodc giam ly lfi sff dting ATS.
Chung ta cd Ihd hd trp nhung ngudi khdng sff dung ATS. dac bifit la nhflng ngudi dffng dau nhdm. tuyfin truyen, thdm chi xdy dung van hda "khdng ATS" trong cac nhdm, hay tuyfin truyen Idc hai cua ATS.
Mdi didu nua dang luu y irong nghifin cffu nay la nha nghi dupe chon Id mdt trong nhung dia didm thudng diing dfi" sff dung ATS ciia cac nhdm.
Ddy chfnh la mdi irudng thudn lpi gdp phdn cho vific quan hfi tinh due sau khi sff dung Ihud'c cua cac nhdm. Kfi'l qua nghien cffu nay cung nhu nhidu nghifin cffu tren the' gidi (Semple vd nhffng ngudi khac, 2002; Cheng va nhung ngudi khac, 2010) da chi ra rdng da sd cac nhdm ddu quan hfi tinh due sau dd vd ho cd thd quan hfi linh due vdi "bd't cff ai", hifin tupng qudn hdn la ph6 bifi'n sau khi sff dung ATS. Va day la nguyen nhan chi'nh cho nguy ca lay truyen HIV irong qudn the nay. Vi vay, viec quan ly cac nhd nghi hay sff dung cac nhan vifin/quan ly nha nghi cho vific tuyfin truydn giam tdc hai ATS can dupe xem xet trong cac chfnh sach ve ATS.
Trong khudn khd ctia bai vifi't nay chiing tdi khdng phdn li'ch sau vd hanh vi tinh due sau khi su dung ATS cung nhu phan tfch vd nguy ca nhifim HIV trfin nhdm dd'i lupng nay. Can cd nhOng nghifin cffu sdu vd quan hfi linh due ldp the, hanh vi sff dung bao cao su \'a cac rao can tinh due an loan trong nhdm MSM. Han the' nffa, cd ihd xem xet sff diing mot sd thang do dinh lupng da dijng dd danh gia anh hudng ciia nhffng ngudi xung quanh tdi vd'n di sff dung Melhamphetamine trfin ihfi'gidi (Koram va nhung ngudi khac, 2011) nhdm cd them nhung bdng chiing cho vific hoach dinh chi'nh sach.
Kfi't qua nghien cffu nay nhd'n manh cd su tac ddng nhdm vdi sff dung irong nhdm MSM. Dfi' han chfi'vific sff dung hoac su "lay lan" sff diing ATS trong qudn thd nay cdn tifi'n hanh cac can thifip kip thdi, chii trong dfi'n dd'i lupng di'ch khdng chi la nhung ca nhdn ridng bifii ma phai la ca mang ludi xa hdi, cu the la cac dac difi'm v5n hda nhdm. Cdn tie'n hanh do ludng danh gia, djnh lupng dd so sanh md'i lifin quan giffa sff dung ATS va cdc su anh hudng ciia nhdm."
11 8 Nghifin cffu Gia dinh vi Gidi. Quye'n 22, s6' 6, tr. 111-118
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