LANG MO Bl K? O OA CANG, XA VAN HOA, HUYEN NONG C 6 N G , T I N H THANH HOA
vu DUY M^N (*)
V
di su tai trg ciia Tien sy Vd Van Hdng, Hdi ddng ddng hg Vu (Vd) Viet Nam da to chiire mdt doan khao sat di tfch lich sir, van hda cua hg Vu (Vd) d mgt so dia phuong thudc ba tinh Ha Tinh, Nghe An va Thanh Hda ttr ngay 2 thang 7 de'n ngay 5 thang 7 nam 2008. Phu trach doan gdm hai Phd Chii tich la Vd Van Lien va Vu Htin Sam. Cac thanh vien gdm: PGS. Vu Nggc Khanh, Vu Xuan Hy, Vu Huynh, Vd Ta Can, Vd Ta Hai, Pham Van Sim; ThS. Nguyin Hihi Tam, TS. VO Duy Men Vien Sir hgc. Ket qua chuyen khao sat nhanh thanh cdng ngoai su mong dgi. Doan da thu vl tai lieu kha phong phii, gom anh cac nha thd, lang md ciia hg Vii, dac biet tai lieu van tu Han Ndm bi ky, cau dd'i, gia pha, sde phong. Trong dd phan anh vl mdt sd nhan vat lich sit ndi tieng nhu Vu Uy, mdt trong 18 tudng ttrng tham gia Hdi thi Lung Nhai, mdt khai qud'c cdng than trong cudc khang chien chdng quan Minh xam lugc ciia nhan dan ta hdi the ky XV va v6 Dinh Qud'c cdng (Vu Van Mat?), ttmg lam chu mdt vimg rdng ldn,la'y Tuyen Quang lam dai ban doanh gan sanh ngang vdi nha Mac ttr giira the ky XVI v.v... Nhung tai lieu quy nay sau khi khao ciiu se lan lugt dugc cdng bd.
Trudc he't chiing tdi gidi thieu ve tam bia - Ldng md bi ky a Da Cang, thudc xa Van Hda, huyen Ndng Cdng, tinh Thanh Hda.
Theo tai lieu thu tich cho biet trudc day d Da Cang cd mieu thd va lang md CLia Vu Uy. Nhung khi de'n khao sat thuc te chi cdn thay khu dat dugc ggi la md ciia Khai qud'c cdng than Vu Uy; mac dti da dugc xep hang cap Qud'c gia ttr nam 1992. Tren dd cdn 3 bat huong da cd ldn va 3 ta'm bia da dugc chdn xudng dat.
Theo phat hien ciia chiing tdi ba tam dd thudc hai bia. Tam bia thii nhat (ttr trai sang phai) cd tieu dl: Chu tdc bi chi.
Ta'm bia thiir 2 va thii 3 thudc cimg mdt bia cd tieu dl: Vu tgc bi ky. Chiing tdi da in dap ca hai ta'm bia nay.
Theo di cao ciia Luong y Vu Duy Chiic (thdn Ddng Minh, xa Thai Hda,
<*'TS. Vien sir hoc.
m
TAP CHI HAN NOM SO 1 (92) - 2009 VO DUY M^N
huyen Trieu Son, Thanh Hda; ngudi cd nhilu cdng suu tam tai lieu v6 Vu Uy) cho biet ve Da Cdng mieu bi {Bia mieu Da Cdng), hien de tai nha dng Tap (chiing tdi chua cd thdi gian d l kilm tra), dpi 15 xa Van Hda, huyen Ndng Cdng.
Bill Xuan Vy, chuyen gia Han Ndm, nguyen Trudng phdng Dia chi, Thu vien tdng hgp Thanh Hda da phien am, dich nghia, chii thich; Cu Nguyen Hiru Che hieu dinh.
Sau day xin gidi thieu \i Ldng mg bi ky {Bia ky ldng md).
Hien nay d Da Cang ta'm Bia ky ldng mg da mat (khdng rd mat ttr bao gid?).
May thay dng Vu Trgng Kilu, Phd chii tich Hdi ddng ddng hg Vu tinh Thanh Hda da cho chiing tdi mugn cudn Thanh Hda chu trang Vu tdc the phd (chir Han Ndm). Cudn tdc pha nay dugc "tien td ba phu hieu Ong Nho Hai Hda" soan vao thang 9 nam Hoang trieu Canh Tri thiir 2 (1664) ddi vua Le Huydn Tdng (1663- 1671). Chau true he thudc ban chi la Vu.
Trgng Tiic tuc bien. Sau dd chau ddi sau thudc chi thir hai la Vu Trgng Bdi tuc bien vao ngay tdt, thang 8 nam Bao Dai thii 11 (1936). Day la cudn tdc pha ghi chep ve Vii Uy va con chau d trang Da Cang, ciing 45 trang khae trong 10 huyen thudc Thanh Hda. Trong tdc pha cd chep toan van Ldng md bi ky dudi day xin phien am va dich nghla Ldng mg bi ky.
Phien am:
Ldng md bi ky
Hoang trilu Tu Diic nien gian ddng chu trang ddng thiet niem.
Mdc chi thien kha van diep, tai boi ban tu khdn nguyen. Nhan chi thien tir van tdn, phii true thuc do to am; pham vi
nhan tir gia, thanh duong tham niem chi, hud'ng linh u van vat, cam vong ky ban ho.
Tu gia Vu tdc chu trang sd huu lang md (nhat mSu ngu cao, ngu xich, ngu thdn);
mdc dieu sam mau, luc true y y, chi diep yeu tran, thiiy huu diep diep, tiin huu Id qua; vu bd ban ban, hau hiru khe luu, van ba cdn cdn, ky tai Ndng Cdng huyen. Van Thien tong. Da Cang trang.
Quyet so thiet lap bi chf, thuy du hau cdn. Cuu kinh ddi tich. tu tu am hdn.
De nien hdi te sir vong nhu tdn, than chung truy vitn, van td tam tdn, nai gia ddng hdi, tudng dir muu viet. Bat nha't lao gia, bat cim dat, bat tam phf gia, ba't vTnh ninh, miln nhi hanh chi, tdn hd nhan nhT; phu te hiru kha each nhi each chi. Lgi huu kha hung nhi hung chi, hudng truy su tich; luc phd thu khao, the he tri chung thiiy; ban chi bat kha vong da, ninh kha tfch nhat thdi phuong tien, nhi bat "i trudng vi6n chi ke hd; u thi hieu tam nha't phat thuan chi cac chi tao bdi phiic dia, trang chf tu nghi, hau nhan vTnh md, tien triet luu huy, ddng tam hda muc Lai. Dire phti tri ban chi phat the, lien hau bat di, cd dinh tan hi. Than chi each tu, kim nhi hau bat duy lang md bi chf, xan nhien huu chuong trat nhien hiru tu nhi pham chu trang chi bach tfnh, ndi ngoai hdi te chi liet vj huong dang, viin can chi tir, giai ky tir hau bac chi hdng quy hd hdng, nhan dinh chi phdn da nien xi. Hd khdu chi phu nhap tue tang; van tir chi danh tieu giap bang;
Vu biin chi lgc hudng vinh thang dii phu, ndng thuang chi phu, thdng hda hdi dl chi bach nghe chi quy cii, tai nang, hy hy nhien ham mdng.
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LANG MO BI KY O DA CANG, XA VAN HOA ...
Ti td am phti chi dai dire, dang dang hd;
giai td Da Cang thinh mau chi trudng lang tdc thir CO hd, tai ban bat vong, tam nguyen bat ngd van nhi. Toai minh di vi chi.
Vien thuat cd thi van.
Nga Vu duy duong tu Viet Thanh.
Hiru cdng u qud'c cac thanh danh.
Binh khai thu xuat tai chinh phat.
Doanh lap hieu cdng lire khdn canh.
Tii thap du trang mdng qud'c siing.
Tai du thap huyen chan gia thanh.
Da Cang lang md yen ban thach.
The the tu thtra vinh bat canh.
Djch nghTa:
Vdn bia ldng mg
Thdi vua Tu Diic (1848-1883) cac trang cting nhau lap (bia) ky niem. Cay kia mudn canh van la do dugc bdi ddp vun trdng; con ngudi ta cd mudn van con chau do dugc phiic a'm to tien vun ddp phu trg (dd la le thudng vay). Van vat hiru linh, pham lam con chau Idng thanh nen ghi nhd sau sde dau dam quen cdng on dd.
Nay cac trang (ap) cua hg Vu sd hiiu lang md (dien tfch 1 mdu 5 sao 5 thudc, 5 ta'c) cay cdi rii xudng td't tuoi mon mdn.
Phfa trudc (lang md) cd con dudng chay qua, di lai dl dang; phfa sau (lang md) cd khe nudc cudn chay. Lang md dd d trang Da Cang, tong Van Thien, huyen Ndng Cdng.
Mdi dau lap bia ghi lai cho con chau ddi sau dugc biet. Trai qua thdi gian da lau chir (tren bia) bi md; hang nam (con chau) tu hdi van to tam tdng, kinh can lam ll te vong linh to tien, cung
lo gin giu lau dai; cho nen khdng phai la ke khd nhgc, vat va thi khd ma dugc hudng an nhan iau dai; khdng phai la ngudi tam thdi hudng sir giau cd thi khd ma dugc sdng yen on; cd gdng noi theo viec dd; cudc sdng la vay. Nhtrng diiu xau cd thi thay ddi, khuye'n khfch lam nhirng dieu td't nhu truy tim su tfch, ghi chep gia pha, khao ciiu sach vd cac the he; biet dugc ngudn gdc td tien va con chau ngay nay, khdng cd thi quen dugc.
Cd le nao lai tiec su thuan tien nhat thdi, ma lai khdng vi ke lau dai sao? Dd'i vdi ke cd ldng hie'u thuan nen theo cac chi tao bdi da't phiic, trang hoang, ghi chep lai viec thd tu theo diing nghi ll. Dd'i vdi td tien minh triet, rirc rd con chau ddi sau mai mai men md. Ddng tam hda muc, diic phti tri cho hg ta trudc sau khdng gi thay the dugc vay; than cung cam ve each suy nghi, hanh xir dd. Ttr nay vl sau duy chi cd bai bia ky lang md chir nghla sang rd, rue rd ma cac trang trong dd bach tinh ndi ngoai huong dang hdi te liet vj; con chau xa gan, 16 te hau bac, lay diiu quy lam lau dai vay. Ngudi thg va nhan dinh ngay cang nhilu them.
Hd khau kem theo tuoi tac tang len, nhung ngudi cd danh tieu bilu vl bang giap, vd biin, ngudi hudng lgc dugc vinh thang cung ke (lam nghi) ndng, thuong cua cai nhilu; den bach nghe diu quy cii, tai nang diu dugc phat huy.
Thiiy to (Vu Uy) am phu, dai diic ldn thay, ca Da Cang deu gdi on mua mdc; lang md trudng tdn mai thi ngd hau tua nhu khdng quen to tien, tim ngudn khdng ldm vay; ben lam bai minh ghi lai rdng:
Thuat lai tho co noi lang md.
Duy hp Vu ta phat tich tu Viet Thanh. (?) 67
TAP CHI HAN NOM SO 1 (92) - 2009 VU DUY M^N
Co cdng vdi nudc diu da thanh danh.
Thdi binh khai hoang, thdi chien cd tai dan dau chinh phat.
Ddn cdng siic lap doanh tran, md rdng viec khan hoang cay cay.
Han bdn muoi trang on nudc trgng.
Cdn hon mudi huyen tieng nha vinh.
Da Cang lang md yen ban thach.
Ddi ddi thtra tu iau dai khdng thay doi.
Nhan xet: Qua ndi dung Ldng mg bi ky cho thay bia nay dugc cac trang
tdc hg Vu lap vao thdi vua Tu Diic (1848- 1883), khdng ghi cu thi ngay thang nam nao.
Ly do lap bia vi ehtr tren bia cu noi lang md da md khdng dge dugc, nen cac trang tdc hg Vu thudc ddng con chau Vu Uy da lap Ldng md bi ky de ghi da'u, nhde nhd con chau hau due khdng quen cdng on cua to tien.
Cac trang (ap) cua hg Vu sd hiiu lang md dien tfch 1 mau 5 sao, 5 thudc, 5 ta'c. Vi tri lang md rat thuan tien cho viec di lai vieng tham; tren dd Ldng md bi ky dugc dung d trang Da Cang, tong Van Thien, huyen Ndng Cdng, (Thanh Hda).
Ndi dung bai van bia ca nggi cdng diic cua to tien xay nen ddp mdng, phu tri; la con chau khdng dugc quen cdng
on dd. Dao ly udng nudc nhd ngudn cdn sang rd tren bia va trong tam kham cung nhu trong viec lam cua con chau hau due hg Vu.
Ta'm bia la mdt tu lieu quy giiip hieu biet them vl danh tudng Vu Uy va con chau hau due cua ngai d xiir Thanh.
Tiec thay Ldng mg bi ky va lang, mieu nay khdng cdn, nhung vdi van ban gidi thieu tren hoan toan cd co sd de tao dung lai bia va lang, mieu (cdn khao ciiu ky them) ngay tren khu di tfch Vu Uy, tai xa Van Hda, huyen Ndng Cdng, Thanh Hda. Theo Ludt di sdn thi khu di tfch lang, md, mieu thd Vu Uy can dugc Nha nudc quan tam giiip dd, cung vdi su ddng gdp tfch cue ciia nhan dan trong dd cd con chau hau due hg Vu;
nhdm phuc nguyen di tfch da xep hang cap Qud'c gia xiing vdi tam cdng lao khai qud'c cua Vu Uy.
Nhan djp ta'm bia dugc cdng bd xin dugc cam on TS. Vd Van Hdng, Hdi dong ddng hg Vu Viet Nam, Hdi ddng ddng hg Vu tinh Thanh Hda va dng Vu Trgng Kilu da giiip dd tao diiu kien thuan lgi va cung cap tai lieu, ThS.
Nguyin Hiiu Tam da xem lai ban phien am va dich nghla.
V.D.M