THVC TlilN - KINH NGHIEM
BAN V i VIEC AP DUNG BIEN PHAP KHAN CAP TAM THOI KHI VUAN DANG TAM DiNH CHi
DlTONG TAN THANH*
Tdm tat: Vi^c Bd ludt T 6 tyng dan sy nam 2015 ghi nh^n cdc bif n ph^p khan cap tam thdi nham bao toan duwc tinh tr^ng tdi san, tr^nh vifc gay thift hai khdng the khac phuc dup^c, giu* dirpc tdi san bao dam cho vi^c thi hanh an, quyet dinh cua Tda an sau ndy. Bai viet nay, tac gia neu vudng mac trong trirdng hop Tda ^n dang tam ffinh cbi gidi quyet vu an ma cd dirong su* nop don yflu c^u Tda an ap dyng m$t trong cac bifln phip kh^n cap tam thdi thi se giai quy^t nhu thi ndo?
Tic khda: Biin phdp khdn cdp tgm thai; vu dn tgm dinh chi; Bd ludt Td tying ddn su.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 12/7/2018; ngdy biin tap xong: 10/8/2018; ngdy duyet bdi: 27/8/2018
Theo quy dinh eua Bp Mat Td tung dan sy (BLTTDS) ndra 2015 thi Tda an ra quyflt dinh tara dinh chi gidi quyflt vy dn khi cfl mpt ttong cac cdn cd quy dinh tu diflm a dfln diflra h khodn 1 Diflu 214. Tgi khoan 4 Diflu 215 BLTTDS nam 2015 quy dinh vfl hdu qua cua vice tam dinh chi giai quyflt vy an ddn sy nhu sau: "Trong thdi gian tam dinh chi giai quyflt vu an, Tham phan duoc phdn eong gidi quyflt vy dn vdn phai cd trach nhipm vfl viec giai quyflt vy an. Sau khi eo quyflt dinh tgm dinh chi gidi quyflt vy an quy dinh tai khoan 1 Diflu 214 eiia Bp Mat ndy, Thdm phan dupe phan cflng gidi quyet vy an cd ttach nMflra theo
doi, dfln dfle co quan, tfl chite, cd nhdn nham khdc phyc ttong thdi gian ngan nhat nhirng ly do ddn tdi vy an hi tara dinh chi dfl kip thoi dua vy an ra gidi quyflt". Day l a d i e m m d i c u a B L T T D S ndm 2015 so vdi quy dinh cua BLTTDS nam 2004, sua dfli bo sung nam 2011.
Tuy nMfln, van dfl dat ra d day la ttong thoi gian Tda an dang tgm dinh cM gidi quyflt vu an ma co duong sy nop don yflu cdu Toa an ap dyng mdt ttong cac bifln phap khdn cdp tara thoi quy dinh tai Diflu 114
*T6a an nh&n dSn thi xa Duyen Hai. tinh Tr^ Vinh.
So02(thang01/2019)\
Tap chi _KIEMSAT I 5 7
Miim, ^dm Miltn^ %imti 2019
BLTTDS ndm 2015 tM Toa an cd dupe quyfln ra quyflt dinh dp dyng bifln phap khdn edp tgm thoi hay khdng nflu yflu eau ciia duong sy la co can cd va dung phap lugt?
Tac gia xin dan chirng mpt vu an nhu sau: Toa an nhan ddn (TAND) huyfln L da ra quyflt dinh tam dinh chi giai quyflt vy an franh chdp quyfln su dyng ddt giiia nguyfln don la flng Nguyfln Van A vdi bi don la ong Luu Van B. Trong thoi gian vy an dang bi TAND huyen L tam dinh ehi giai quyflt thi flng Luu Vdn B chuyfln nhupng ddt eho dng Trdn Van C, ttong do cd rapt phdn ddt dang franh chap vdi ong A.
Nguyfln don Id flng A eho rang, ddt dang ttanh chap chua dupe Toa an gidi quyflt xong nfln ong khdng dong y cho dng B chuyen nhupng cho ong C. Vi vgy, dng A da lara dan yflu cdu TAND huyfln L dp dyng bifln phap khdn cap tam thoi: Cdra flng B chuyfln nhupng phan ddt franh chdp cho ong C theo quy dinh tai khoan 7 Diflu 114 BLTTDS nam 2015. Toa an nhdn ddn huyfln L cd dupe quyfln ra quyflt dinh dp dung bifln phdp khdn cdp tgm thoi (cdra ong B chuyfln nhupng dat tranh chdp) hay khong thi eo hai y kifln khac nhau.
Y kien thic nhdt cho rdng, dp dung bifln phap khan cap tam thoi la rapt frong nhiing hogt dpng td tyng cua Toa an tiong qua trinh giai quyflt vy an theo quy dinh cua BLTTDS ndra 2015. Do vy an tianh chdp quyfln su dung ddt giiia flng A va flng B dang bi tgm dinh chi giai quyflt nfln Toa an khflng dupe quyen tifln hdnh bdt ky boat
ddng td tung nao khdc ngogi trir viflc theo ddi, ddn ddc eo quan, td chiic, cd nhan nham khdc phyc ttong thoi gian ngan nhat nhiing Iy do dan toi vu an hi tam dinh chi de kip thfli dua vy an ra gidi quyflt. Neu Tda dn quyet dinh dp dyng bifln phdp khdn cap tam thoi la vi pham nghiflm frpng thii tyc tfl tyng, cho nfln Toa an khdng dupe quyfln ap dung bifln phdp khdn cap tara thdi theo yflu cdu cua dng A.
Y kiin thic hai vd cUng la y kiin cua tdc gid cho rdng, TAND huyfln L ed quyfln ap dyng bifln phap khan cap tgm then theo yflu cdu cua ong A mac du vu an dang tam dinh chi gidi quyflt. Vi cac ly do sau:
Mpt Id, theo quy dinh tiong thoi gian Tda an dang tam dinh chi gidi quyflt vy an tM Tda an chi khdng dupe tifln banh cdc hogt ddng td tung ""nhdm muc dich gidi quyit vu dn". Cdn d day, viflc Tda an dp dung hay khong ap dung bifln phap khan cap tgm thdi khong phai la dang giai quyflt vu an de xac dinh ddt franh chap la cua flng A hay cua ong B ma la nham "bdo toan tinh ttang hifln co frdnh gdy tMflt hgi khong thfl khac phyc dupe, dam bdo cho viee giai quyflt vy an" nhu quy dinh tai khoan 1 Diflu 111 BLTTDS nam 2015.
Hai Id, khoan 4 Diflu 215 BLTTDS nam 2015 cung quy dinh ro la ttong thoi gian tgm dinh chi gidi quyflt vy an, Thdm phdn dupe phdn cflng giai quyflt vy an vdn CO ttach nhiflra ve viflc giai quyflt vu dn. Nhu vay, nflu Tda an khong dupe quyen dp dung bifln phap khan edp tam
Tap chi
5 8 I KIEM SAT_ / S o 02 (Ihang 01/2019)
THVC TIEN - KINH NGHIEM
thdi do vy an dang tgm dinh chi ma nflu viec khdng ap dyng bien phap khdn cdp tam thdi se gay thi?t hgi rdt ldn thi ai la ngudi se chiu trdeh nhiflm bdi thucmig?
Khodn 2 Diflu 111 BLTTDS nam 2015 ciing quy dinh rdt rd la: "Trong truong hpp do tinh thfl khan cap, can phai bdo vfl ngay chiing cu, ngan chan bau qua nghiflm tipng cd thfl xay ra thi co quan, td chite, ea nhan cfl quyfln yflu cdu Toa an c6 tham quyfln ra quyflt dinh dp dyng bien phap khdn cap tgm thdi quy dinh tai Diflu 114 cua Bp Mat nay ddng thoi voi viflc npp don khdi kifln cho Tda an do". Tiic Id, ngay cd khi Tda an chua thy Iy vu an thi vdn phai dp dyng bifln phap khdn cdp
tgm thdi nflu yflu cdu cua duang sy cd can cii. Tir quy dinh nay cho thdy, myc dich ciia vipc ap dyng bifln phap khan cap tara thdi la dfl tara thdi gidi quyflt yflu cdu cap bach cua duong sy, bao vfl tinh raang, sue khoe, tdi sdn, thu thgp chirng cu, bdo ve ehiing eu, bao toan tinh tigng Men co, ttdnh gay thiflt hai khflng thfl khac phyc dupe, dam bao cho viflc giai quyflt vy an hoae viee thi hanh an; do tinh thfl khan cap, can phai bao vfl ngay chimg cu, ngan chgn hdu qua nghiflm trpng eo thfl xay ra;
vi vdy, Toa an khong the vi ly do vy an dang tam dinh chi rad khflng dp dyng bifln phap khdn cap tgm thdi neu yflu eau eua duong sy Id dung quy dinh phap Mat.n
XAC DINH TUOI...
(TiSp theo trang 52)
5. Tmong hpp khdng xde dinh dupe nam sinh eua bi can, bi cao la ngudi ehua thanh nifln thi phai tifln hanh giara dinh dfl xac dinh Moi cua hp.
Huong ddn ttfln, khdng chi phu hpp voi nguyfln tdc "suy doan theo huong co loi cho nguoi phgm tpi", ma cdn phu hpp vdi cMnh sach hinh sy ciia Nhd nude ta, nhung Diflu 417 Bp Mat Tfl tyng hinh sy nam 2015 lgi quy dinh doi voi ca nguoi bi hgi, nfln Vien kiflm sdt nhdn dan tfli cao, Tda an nhan ddn tfli cao, Bp Cong an, Bp Lao dpng - Thuong binh va Xa hpi da ban hanh TTLT sfl 06/2018 cho phu hpp voi Diflu 417 Bp Mat Td tyng hinh sy nam 2015.
Khi thao Man frong qua trinh lap phap
xay dyng quy dinh tai Diflu 417 Bd Mdt Tfl tyng hinh sy nam 2015, ciing da cfl y kifln de cap dfln each tinh tufli cua nguoi bi hai theo TTLT sd 01/2011. Tuy nhifln, y kifln nay cufli cung khong dupe chdp nhdn, nfln ttong nhiing tmcmg hpp phdn tich d fren da gdy bdt lpi cho ngudi phgm tpi. Mat khdc, TTLT so 06/2018 lai quy dinh thay thfl TTLT so 01/2011 nfln viflc xdc dinh tudi ciia ngudi bi hgi se phdi theo huong bat lpi cho nguoi phgm tpi.
Hy vpng rang, khi cd chii tmcmg sua dfli, bfl sung Bp Mat Td tung hinh sy nam 2015, Quflc hpi nfln sita dfli, bfl sung Diflu 417 Bp Mat to Tung hinh su nam 2015 theo huong: Quy dinh 02 tmong hop khdc nhau doi vdi viflc xac dinh Moi cua ngudi phgm tpi va nguoi bi hgi duoi 18 Moi, sao cho bdo dam dung nguyfln tdc xu ly dfli vdi nguoi phara tpi, nhdt la ddi voi nguoi dudi 18 Mfli.n
S602(thang01/2019)\
Tap chi _KIEMSAT I 5 9