Nghien CLPU - Ky thuat
Nhan thii-c cua ngiroi dan Thanh pho Da Ning ve viec mua, sir dung tan du'O'c
Dat van de
Thude ddng vai trd quan trpng trong viee phdng va chua benh. Vi tinh c h i t khi sif dung lien quan tryc tidp den sue khoe cua ngudi sif dung, thude dugc xem nhu mdt loai hang hda dac biet. Cac tan dugc phd bidn tren thj trudng Viet Nam gdm cd nhdm ke dan va nhdm khdng phai ke dan. Theo thdng tu 08/2009/TT-BYT eiia Bd Y Td thudc ke dan la thude ndu sif dung khdng theo dung chf d|nh eua ngudi ke don thi ed the nguy hiem tdi tinh mang, sue khoe; khi c l p phat, ban le, sif dung cho benh nhan ngoai tru phai theo dan thudc'"*'
Ngugc lai, nhdm thudc khdng ke dan (edn ggi la nhdm OTC) la thude khi elp phat, ban va su- dung khdng eIn dan thude. Nhdm nay khdng b i t budc cd sy ke don eiia thiy thudc, ngudi dan cd the mua tai nha thudc. Sy phong phu cac loai thudc OTC ve dang bao che, ham lugng va tinh c h i t thiet yeu eho phep benh nhan cd the ty didu tri nhung ddng thdi cung tiem I n sif dung sai khi kien thuc chua d i y dii'^'
Nhan thue cua ngudi dan ve viec mua thude bieu hien nhu-ng suy nghT, nhCfng can n h i c va nhCfng lya chgn n h i m dua ddn quyet djnh viec mua va sif dung thudc. Do dSc diem eiia thudc la nhdm hang hda dac biet, nen nhan thifc ea vd qua trinh mua va su- dung eung tuan thii nhCfng qui trinh va dae diem dac biet. Chinh nhan thuc khdng tdt se anh hudng ddn qua trinh mua va sif dung cua ngudi dan cung nhu anh hudng ddn qua trinh kinh doanh cua eac ca s d cung cap thudc. VI the, viee tim hieu nhan thifc eua ngudi dan la c i n thiet, mdt mat djnh hudng tich eye n h i m dieu chinh cac chu the tham gia, tao hieu qua cho toan bd he thdng. Thdng qua nghidn cifU nhan thuc ve viec mua va sif dung tan dugc tren dia ban Thanh phd Oa N i n g se cho phdp nang cao "chit lygng" dugc pham
Ngo Thj Thu Hang', Dang Van My^
Kiioa Y Duac, Dgi hoc Dd Ndng, Tnrdng dgi hoc Kinh te, Dgi hoc Dd Ndng dap ifng vdi nhu c l u phdng va chCfa benh cua ngudi dan.
IVI6 hinh nghien ciru va p h i r a n g phdp nghien CLPU
Md hir)h nghien CIJ'U va cac gia thiet Nghien cifu danh gia nhan thifc ciia ngydi dan vd viec mua va sif dung tan dugc dya trSn md hinh nghien eifu du-gc xay dyng tap hgp cac nhan td anh hudng den nhan thifc cua ca nhan - la nhu-ng ngudi dan mua thudc va sif dung thudc n h i m dieu tri bdnh va phuc hdi sifc khde eho ca nhan hoac gia dinh. Trdn ca s d cac nghien cuu tien sif d eac qudc gia phat tridn, md hinh nghien cuu dugc thiet ke gdm cac yeu td cu the nhu sau:
Nhan to thupc ve thuoc:
gia ca, chit lu-gng
Nhan to benh tgt cua khach hang
Nhan to ciia cac eg so- y te, can bp y t l
Nhgn thii-c cua ngu-6-i dan ve viec mua
va sif dgng t§n du-gc Nhan to mang lu-o-i
cung cip
Nhan t6 thong tin va truyin thong
S c d d 1: Md hinh nghien ciru
Yeu td thudc ve nhan thifc cua ngydi dSn khi mua va su- dung tan dugc, the hidn muc dich eua viec nghien cifu n h i m xac dinh nhu-ng kieu nhan thifc ciia cac nhdm ngudi dan trdn dja ban Thanh phd Da N i n g ve vide mua va sif dung tan dugc.
Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
Yeu td thudc ve cac nhan td anh hudng den nhan thifc cua ngudi dan khi mua va sii' dung tSn dugc. IVIdi yeu td se tap hgp nhieu bien sd khac nhau - la nhu'ng thanh phan ca ban du-gc ndu ra trong bang cau hdi phdng v i n ngudi dan.
Cae gia thidt nghien cuu de x u l t cu the:
+ Hi.a: Nhan td (i) anh hudng tieh cue (hay tieu eye) ddi vdi nhan thuc cua ngudi dan vd viec mua va sif dung tan dugc tai dja ban Oa Ning.
+ Hi.b: Anh hudng cua nhan td " i " ddi vdi nhan thifc cua ngudi dan vd viec mua va sif dung tan dugc tai dja ban Oa N i n g
+ Vdi nhan td " i " = l i n lugt la cac nhan td trong md hinh nghien cuu
Phu'O'ng phap nghien cii'u
Oe thye hien muc tieu nghien cifu, phuang phap nghien eifu duge lya chpn then khai bao gdm: thu nhlt, nghien eifu dinh tinh - n h i m kiem tra tinh phu hgp ciia md hinh nghien cifu trong didu kien thye te; thif hai, nghien eifu djnh lugng - n h i m danh gia va kiem chifng md hinh trong thye td.
Nghien cuu djnh tinh duge thye hien tren eg sd phdng v i n 8 nhdn vat dai dien trong he thdng tan duac, dd la: 2 bae sl, 2 duge sT va 4 ea nhan dang trong qua trinh mua va sif dung thudc. Kdt qua nghien cuu dinh tinh nhu tren cho phep nhdm nghien cifu kiem chifng kha nang ap dung md hinh trong nghien cuu thye nghiem tai Viet Nam ndi ehung va Oa Ning ndi rieng, ddng thdi kiem djnh eac y kidn cho phep xay dyng bang cau hdi didu tra thye nghiem tai hien trudng.
Nghien cuu djnh lugng dugc thye hien tren ca sd didu tra thye td cac ca nhan va gia dinh bing bang cau hdi sau khi da kiem djnh qua nghien eifu djnh tinh va dieu tra thii' tren dja ban.
Nghien cuu da tien hanh phdng v i n 270 ngudi dan dp tudi t u 18 ddn 70 thude nhieu nganh nghe tai dja ban Oa N i n g thdi diem t u thang 8 den thang 11 nam 2010. Ket thuc didu tra, sd bang tra Idi thu vd cd the sif dung cho nghien cuu la 249. Cdc dCf lieu thu thap ve dugc tdng hgp va ma hda, sau dd duge phan tich b i n g p h i n mem SPSS version 18.0.
K § t q u a n g h i e n CLFU Md ta m i u nghien CLPU
cac kdt qua nghien cuu eho t h i y cd 52,2%
ngudi nCf vd 47,8% ngudi nam d y v i n trong didu tra. Khoang 90% ngudi d y v i n da tdt
nghiep PTTH. Ty le ngu'di tham gia giu'a ba nhdm tudi (du-di 30, tif 30 den 55 va tren 55) tuang ddi ddng deu. Odi vdi phan loai theo nghd nghiep, can bd cdng nhan vien, hpc sinh-sinh vien va nhdm ddi tu'ang nghi hu-u chidm ty le kha ldn (28,9%, 23,3 % vd 21,7% theo thu' ty).
Xem xet thu nhap cua ngudi d y van, nhdm ngudi ed thu nhap d y d i 2 trieu/ thdng d u g c xem la nhdm ed thu nhap t h i p chidm ty le cao nhlt (45,4%), sd ngudi cd thu nhap tren 5 trieu / thang duge xem la nhdm cd thu nhap cap chiem ty le t h i p n h l t (14%). Trong sd nhO-ng ngudi tham gia d y v i n cd ddn 90,4% mua bap hiem y td va 80,3% sif dung nd de kham va dieu trj khi m i c benh. Thude du'gc ngudi ddn trCf nhidu n h l t trong tu thudc gia dinh la tan du-gc (98%
cau tra ldi) dae biet la nhdm ha sdt (chu yeu paracetamol vd cac biet dugc, tidp ddn la nhdm vitamin...)
Khi dm dau, 4 7 % ngudi dan thudng mua thudc dieu trj tai nha thudc g i n nhd, 16,5% thuc hien viec kiem tra benh tat tai benh vien trudc khi mua thudc, khoang g i n 16% ngudi dan dimg thude da mua va de trong tii thudc gia dinh. Trong trudng hgp phai mua tan dugc de didu trj, cd den 77,5% ngudi ddn lya chgn nha thudc va chl 15,3% lua chpn nai ed dang ky bao hiem y td.
o d i vdi cae thudc cd trong dan eiia bac si, ngudi dan quyet dinh mua d i y du theo dan chidm 74,7%. Trong trudng hgp neu thudc bac sT de nghj trong dan thudc khdng cd tai nai mua, 53,8% ngudi ddn ddng y chuyen ngay sang nha thudc khac, ehi 2 6 , 1 % c h i p nhan mua cae thude edn lai vd chuyen sang nha thuoc khac. Viee quydt djnh mua nhO'ng loai thudc nay ed ddn 90,8% ngudi dan thifa nhan Id theo chi djnh eiia bac sT.
odi vdi thude OTC, 57,8% each thifC ngu-o-i ddn thudng mua thudc dd Id md ta trieu chifng, 26,1% neu ten san p h i m . Viec quydt djnh mua nhCfng loai thude ndy da p h i n hp thudng theo su- hudng dan, Idi khuyen ciia duge sT (58,2%), theo kinh nghiem ban than 27,3% va h l u nhu rit it ngudi ddn lya chpn theo truyen thdng quang cao.
V i n dd gia ca thudc: khoang 80% ngudi dan khdng mac ca gid thudc vdi ly do nha thudc d3 mac djnh gia n h u vay (30,9%), ngudi dan khdng ed thdi quen mac ca gid thudc (26,9%), khdng mac ea vdi sifc khde chiem 14,1%. Sd it ngu-di
TAP CHi DUOC HOC - 7/2011 (SO 423 NAM 51)
Nghien C I F U - Ky thuat
dan cdn lai cd mac ca vdi ly do d§ quen diing thudc ndy hoac la da biet gia san pham nay.
Khi lya chpn va su- dung thudc, 6 7 , 1 % ngudi d y van thudng dpc nhan bao bi, 20% quan tam cdch sif dung va r i t it trong sd ngudi dy v i n quan tam ddn tac dung phu.
Odi vdi v i n dd phan biet cac biet duac cd eung thdnh p h i n nhu nhau, ed den 82,3%
ngudi dy v i n khdng phan biet duac. Trong sd ndy, mdt sd it y kidn cho r i n g chi cd the phan biet d nhu-ng thudc don gian.
Anh hu'O'ng cua cac nhan t d d i n nhan thiPC ngu'O'i dan
Oe xdc dinh nhu'ng ydu td nao anh hudng ed y nghia ddn nhan thuc cua ngudi dan, chung tdi sii' dung phuang phap phan tich nhan td ddi vdi nhan thuc ciia ngudi dan va phan tich nhan td ddi vdi cdc nhan td anh hudng ddn nhan thuc nay. Qua phan tich nhan td theo thanh phdn ehinh va kiem d|nh dp tin cay cua thang do (bao gdm t i t ea cac he sd Alpha cronbach ldn han 0,6), nhan thuc cua ngudi dan cd the chia thanh hai thanh phin: Nhan thu-c lien quan ve thude va Nhdn thifc ve t h i y thudc, nai ban thudc.
Ket qua, phan tieh nhan td theo thanh phan chinh ddi vdi eac yeu td anh hudng ddn nhan thuc hinh thanh 8 nhan td sau: thdng tin vd thudc, dugc sT, bac sT, ca sd y td, gia ca thude, eung ifng thude, chit lugng thude va ydu td benh tat.
Bang 1: Tdng hop cac nhan td anh hwdng va nhan thwc cue ngwdi dan vi thudc theo kit qua phan tich nhan td
STT Thanh phan Bien so X
So Iwcyng cau thanh
He so alpha Nhan thu-c
ve thuoc 0,7721
Nhan thifC ve thay thuoc, ngi ban thuoc
Nhan thu-c
0,6553
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Thong tin ve thu6c
Du-gc sT Bac sT Ca sg y te Gia ca thuoc Cung Lfng thuoc Chat lu-gng thuoc
Yeu to benh tgt
Thong tin Du-gc sT
Bac sT Ca sg y te
Gia Cung Lfng
Chat lu-gng
Benh
5 2 5 3 3 5 3 4
0,7231 0,7818 0,7362 0,8011 0,7352 0,7721 0,7316 7,6414
Oe xdc djnh sy anh hudng cua cac bien do ludng (thdng tin, bdc sT, ca s d y td, cung irng thudc, dugc sT, gia ea, ydu td benh tat va chat lugng - edn gpi la eac bien sd ddc lap), chung tdi sif dung phdn tich hdi quy tuydn tinh bdi giu-a cae bien nay vdi bidn sd nhan thifc (bien sd phu thudc) eua ngudi dan ve viee mua vd su dung tan dugc. Dya tren nhCfng phan tich cac dCf lieu da bidn xac djnh sy tuang quan giCfa cac bien do ludng la khdng dang ke, ehung tdi sif dung 8 bien nay de phan tieh sy anh hudng cua cae nhdn td.
Bang 2: Cac he sd cua md hinh hdi quy tuyin tinh cdng
Indepent varible (Constant)
TTIN BACSI CSYTE CUTHUOC
DUOCSI GIA BENH CLTHUOC
B 2,159 0,031 0,828 -0,010 0,145 0,612 0,029 0,245 0,012
Std.
Error 0,283 0,032 0,034 0,023 0,042 0,021 0,028 0,027 0,027
Beta
0,060 0,052 -0,029 0,220 0,035 0,064 0,194 0,027
T-student Sig.
0,970 10,828 -0,458 3,473 7,561 1,040 5,122 0,441
0,333 0,001 0,647 0,001 0,025 0,299 0,001 0,660 Signification: P<0.001: F=3,368; ff adjusted = 0,628 Depend variable : Nh$n thwc (NHANTHUC)
Ket qua phan tich hdi quy bdi dugc thye hidn tren mau duge thiet lap bdi eac khia canh lien quan anh hudng nhan thuc ciia ngudi dan, dd la bac si (BACSI vdi T= 10,828; p=0,001), viec cung ung thudc (CUTHUOC vdi T=3,473; p=0,001), duac sT (DUOCSI vdi T=7,561; p=0,025) va yeu td benh tat (BENH vdi T=5,122; p=0,001). Md hinh nghien cu-u dugc giai thich bing 62,8% phuang sai ciia nhan thuc ngudi dan.
Nhu vay, cac ket qua phan tich chi ra ddi vdi nhan thue eua ngudi dan: bdn bidn sd anh hudng quan trgng Id bac sT, duge sT, cung ifng thudc va ydu td benh tat. T u nhu'ng kdt qua trudc, chung tdi cd the ket luan r i n g de nang cao nhan thuc eua ngudi dan, e I n phai tdc ddng vdo cac yeu td nhu dpi ngu t h i y thudc bao gdm bac sT, dugc sT, vide eung ifng thudc vd yeu td benh tat.
NhCfng Idi khuyen, hudng d i n cua bac sT cung nhu cua dugc sT cang nhieu se lam tang nhan thifc ngudi ddn.
- Viee eung ung thudc cang tdt thi cang lam nang eao kha nang nhan thifc cua ngudi ddn.
• Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
Yeu td benh tat la mdt phan anh hudng den nhdn thirc ciia ngudi ddn, benh cdng nhe thi nhan thirc ngudi dan cang giam va it xem trpng, nguac lai, benh cang nang se thuc day tarn tang nhan thuc ngudi dan.
Ban luan
Thao luan cac kdt qua nghien CIPU
v d nhan thue ndi chung, ngudi dan cd nhu c l u tan dugc rit ldn phuc vu eho viee dieu tn khi dm dau. Oa sd ddu dy trCf tan dugc trong tu thudc gia dinh so vdi thudc y hpe cd truydn va chu ydu la cac thudc thdng thudng nhu paracetamol, berbehn, cac loai vitamin. Phin ddng nhO-ng ngudi dugc phdng v i n deu cd BHYT va cd sif dung nd, nhung khi dm dau phin ldn nhu-ng ngudi cd BHYT lai it lya chpn hinh thue nay va thudng nghi ddn viec mua thudc ben ngoai he thdng de didu tri. Ngudi ddn cd id hdng giO-a nhan thuc vdi kidn thuc va hanh vi.
Ngudi ddn eung nhdn thirc duge viec dpc ky cac thdng tin vd thudc lue thye hien viec mua bdn tai eac nha thudc la quan trpng. Tuy nhien trudc khi di mua thudc, ngudi mua thudc vdn chua thye sy chu ddng tim hieu cac thdng tin vd thudc, hp khdng danh gia eao phai cd nhCrng hieu biet nhlt dinh vd thudc Viec chii ddng hdi cac thdng tin vd thudc chi didn ra khi ngudi dan v i n dap tryc tidp vdi bac sT hoac duge sT. Ngudi dan ddng y mdt phan ring thudc ndi chung tuang ddi an toan nhung rit it trong sd hp dpc ky tac dung phu khi sir dung thudc.
Ndu d nude ngoai, viec mua thudc chi thye hien duac khi ngudi benh cd dan ciia bac si didu tri ddi vdi cac thudc b i t budc ke dan va chi vdi mdt sd lugng n h l t dinh (dan gian nhu khang sinh), khdng the mua ty do thi d Viet Nam, ngudi dan ddng tinh d mirc cao vdi viec tidp can d i dang va mua cae loai tan duge tai eac nhd thudc. Nhin nhan vd v i n dd gia thudc, ngudi dan khdng hoan toan ddng tinh thudc dugc ban dung gia tai nai mua nhung r i t it trong sd hg mac ca gia thudc. Hien nay tren thj trudng, gia thudc khdng dugc quan ly that sy chat che giCra cac dja diem ban thudc, giCra cac nha thudc v i n cd s y chenh lech gia, cae nha thudc v i n chua tuan thii niem ydt gia tren san p h l m t y , d i y gia thude len cao nghia la tang ganh nang cho ngudi benh.
Oac biet, sd ddng ngudi dan khdng phan biet dugc cac biet dugc nhung cung thdnh p h i n . T u
"biet dugc" ddi vdi ngudi ddn v i n kha la l i m khi duac phdng v i n . Viec khdng phan biet dugc
cdc biet d u g c cd the d i n ddn mdt sd nguy ca diing mdt liic nhieu thudc nhung cd ciing thdnh p h i n ma khdng biet, tang rui ro qud lidu.
Theo kdt qua phan tich, bac si, d u g c sT, cung ung thudc va benh tat la nhu-ng yeu td anh hudng den nhan thirc eua ngudi dan ve viec mua va sii' dung tan dugc. Bac si va dugc sT (gpi Chung la t h i y thudc) la dpi ngu tryc tidp tidp xue vdi benh nhan dd khdm, t u v i n cac v i n dd sue khde. Chinh vi vay, trong nhan thire cua ngudi dan, thay thude cd vj tri anh hudng rit ldn ddn viee mua vd sir dung thudc the hien qua s u tin tudng vao cae chi djnh cua t h i y thudc.
Ngudi dan nhan djnh cao viec mua dung theo dan bdc si va sir dung thudc phai tuan thu theo hudng d i n cua t h i y thudc. Trong viec mua thudc, ngudi dan thudng mua d i y du thee dan cua bae si vd quydt djnh lya chgn p h i n Idn Id tir chl djnh eua bac si ddi vdi laai thudc c i n phai ke don. Han mdt nira ngudi dan quydt djnh lya chpn theo ldi khuyen eua d u g c si ddi vdi nhO-ng thudc OTC. Ydu td benh tat cung la mpt nhan td quan trpng anh hudng nhan thuc. Khi m i c benh nang, nhan thirc ciia ngudi dan nang cac han, viec mua va sir dung trd nen than trpng han.
Vdi nhCfng benh thdng thudng, ngudi dan ddng y thua nhan viee t y mua thudc la binh thudng.
Vide cung irng thudc cung Id mdt ydu td anh hudng cd y nghia thdng ke ddn nhan thirc mua va sir dung ciia ngudi dan theo kdt qua nghien cuu cua ehung tdi. Oidu dd thd hien qua viec ngudi dan ddng y d mirc cao s y da dang va d i y dil cac loai thude tai nha thudc, sy phuc vu eiia nha thude, tinh dang tin va s y uy tin cua nha thude d u g c xem Id nhu-ng yeu td quan trgng ddi vdi viee mua thude. Theo tdc gia Pradnya va cs, eac ydu td ke tren anh hudng manh ddn su- hai long eua ngudi dan ddi vdi djch vu duac'^'
Ngudi dan mong mudn s y dn djnh ve gia ca tren thj trudng thudc nhung khdng ddng y hoan toan ydu td gia ca anh hudng den viec lya chgn, thay ddi vd mua thude. Khoang 80%
ngudi dan khdng mac ca gia thudc khi di mua.
Mdt sd y kidn phdt bieu d u g c chung tdi ghi nhan, nhdn vien nha thudc neu gia bao nhieu thi hp tra b I y nhieu, tham chi ndu cd d i t han binh thudng, ngudi dan cung c h i p nhan mua mSc du khdng hdi ldng.
Cac k i l n nghj
Kien nghi cho doi ngu can bq y te
10 TAP CHi DUOC HOC - 7/2011 (SO 423 NAM 51)
Nghien
CLFU- Ky thuat
Nhdn thuc ciia ngudi dan ve viec mua va su- dyng tdn duac cd anh hudng den thdi dp vd hdnh vi mua va SLf dung thudc cua hp. Trong dd, nhCrng nhan td anh hudng ddn nhan thuc nay ed cdc cdn bd y td, nhCrng ngudi tryc tidp cham sdc va chju trach nhiem vd sue khde eua ngudi benh ndi hdng vd cua edng ddng ndi chung. Thdng tin vd thudc la mdt trong nhCrng yeu td quan trpng de nang eao nhan thue va hieu bidt ciia ngudi benh (tuy vay khdng thiy dieu nay trong nghien ciru nay). Tuy nhien trong sy bung nd eua thdi dai thdng tin, cd qua nhidu thdng tin ve thudc dang tai bing nhidu phuang tien khac nhau vd ngudi benh khd xif ly that chinh xac. Mdt trong nhCrng phuang each de nhim nang cao nhan thire ciia cpng ddng hudng tdi viec mua vd sir dung thudc duge an toan, hieu qua va kinh td dd Id dpi ngu can bd y td phai thuc hien duac nhiem vu tu v i n benh nhan trong v i n dd thdng tin thudc eho benh nhan:
- Doi vdi cac thudc ke dan, bac si kham va chu-a benh tryc tiep cho benh nhan phai thuc hien tuan thil theo cac quy chd ke dan hien hdnh. Dong thdi, bdc si dua ra dugc nhCrng ldi khuyen, nhCi-ng thdng tin dung d i n , hudng d i n benh nhan rd rang each sir dung thudc nhu thd nao la hgp ly, canh bao cac tac dung phu va nhCrng rui ro m i c phai...
Thdi gian hudng d i n cd the dai han nhung ngugc lai chinh nhO-ng ldi khuyen nhu vay se ed ich cho benh nhan trong viec dieu tri benh ndi chung va sir dung thudc ndi rieng.
- odi vdi cae thude khdng phai ke dan, ngudi dan thudng mua tai cae nha thude, cac nhan vien nhd thudc phai thue hien theo dung eac quy chd hien hanh. Hien nay, tai dja ban Oa Ning ndi neng va ca nudc ndi chung dang trong Id trinh xay dyng nhd thudc dat chuin GPP (thye hanh tdt nha thude). Mue dich cua vide xay dyng GPP la dd dam bao vide sir dung thude hgp ly, an toan va hieu qua eiia cdng ddng ddi vdi cdc ca sd ban le thude. Theo quy dinh, eac nhd thude dat chuin GPP ddu phai cd bdn t u v i n de hudng d i n cho ngudi dan vd nhO-ng benh thdng thudng, each SLf dung thude nhu the ndo Id hgp ly. Day la mpt diem quan trpng the hien quydn Igi phai cd eiia ngudi di mua thudc ddng thdi cung la mdt diem ndng eao tinh c h i t phuc vu cua nha thude, vai trd ciia viec cung irng thude. Chinh vi vay, nhdn vien nha thude cang phai thye hien d i y du, t u v i n rd rdng, eung c l p cac thdng tin ve thudc eho ngudi dan
Kiin nghi cho cac s& ban nganh lien quan Thdng tin thude duge cung e l p t u cdc nhd chuydn mdn, dpi ngu can bd y te r i t quan trpng trong nhan thuc cua ngudi dan. Chinh vl vdy, dpi ngu can bd y td c i n duge c h u i n hda ve mat chuyen mdn, dac biet la cae thdng tin vd thudc.
Hien nay thdng tin cdc can bd y te dugc nhdn ed nhidu ngudn cung c l p : tir cue quan ly dugc, tir cae ban nganh lien quan, t u cdc cdng ty phdn phdi va kinh nghiem ban than.... Tuy vdy, nhieu thdng tin r i t nhieu ehieu nen gdy xif ly khd khan. Cae sd ban nganh nen ed nhQ-ng ban hanh rd rang va phd bien rdng rai cho dpi ngu can bd y td va ngudi dan (cd the phdn loai cac loai tai lieu gianh eho tung ddi tuang) ve nhCi-ng trang thdng tin nao Id cd tinh c h i t tham khao cao nhlt va cd the s i p xdp theo thir ty uu tien.
Ngoai ra de cung e l p tryc tidp thdng tin thudc cho cdng ddng, cdc sd ban nganh ed the xdy dyng trung tam t u v i n sue dung thudc cho cdng ddng, kjp thdi giai dap t h i e m i c cho ngudi ddn.
Yeu td benh tat cung la mdt nhan td anh hudng den nhan thue eua ngudi ddn. Tuy vdy, mpt sd benh tat thdng thudng ngudi dan thudng ty y mua va sir dung thudc tuy tien.
NhCrng sy ty y nay cd the de lai nhidu hau qua khdng ludng ma ngudi benh khdng tien luang duac. Do dd, c i n phai phd bien ngay ca mdt sd benh tat thdng thudng m i c phai trong cdng ddng va each xCr tri nhu the ndo Id hgp ly.
K§t luan
Theo eac kdt qua phan tich nghien ciru, Chung tdi nhan t h i y nhan thirc cua ngudi ddn ddi vdi vide mua va sir dung tan dugc ve c a ban tuang ddi d mirc cao. Ngudi ddn khi di mua va sir dung tan dugc cd de y, quan tdm vd danh gia t i m quan trgng edc van de lien quan ddn thudc eao vi day Id v i n de lien quan ddn sire khde. Tuy vay mdt sd kien thirc ea ban ve thude ngudi dan vdn chua n i m duge vd cd mpt sd hanh vi mau thuin vdi nhan thirc. Trong nhan thirc eiia ngudi dan, bdc si va duge si la nhu-ng nhan td anh hudng Idn den viec mua vd sir dung tan duac. Ngoai ra cdn cd nhan td cung ung thude va tinh hinh benh tat cung dugc chl ra sy anh hudng cd y nghia thdng kd ddi vdi nghien cuu ndy. Oidu nay giai thich n h l t djnh mdt sd hdnh vi cua ngudi ddn vd viec mua va sir dung tan duge ndi rieng va thude ndi chung.
NhO'ng thdng tin nay khd hu-u ich eho cdc nha quan ly va cung c l p djch vu dugc quan tam.
(Xem tiep Irang 15)
Nghien CLFU - Ky thuat
K§t luan
Trong viem gan man tinh, the khi tre huyet (y cd trieu chirng ldm sang n§ng han va hoat dd enzym ALT tSng cap han sa vdi cdc the ean nhiet ty t h i p va can u l t ty hu.
Che tan anganic cd tac dung dieu tri viem gan man tinh. Hieu qua didu trj tdt vd kha d eac the ean nhiet ty thip (100,0%) vd ean u l t ty hu (93,9%) cao han so vdi the Khi tre huyet u (60%), su khac biet cd y nghTa thdng ke vdi p<0,05.
Summary
Study of traditional medicinal characteristics and effects of Anganic tea in treatment of chronic hepatitis.
The instant tea Anganic (15g/package) prepared from Morinda sp. (Rubiaceae) was tested on 55 patients with chronic hepatitis, of them, the "Khi tre huyet u" type (energy stagnancy-blood lag) had severe clinical symptoms and higher activity of the enzyme ALT than the "Can nhiet ty thap" (liver pyrogenlty-spleen clamminess) and "Can uat ty hu"
type (liver depression-spleen weakness) did. The patients received 15g of Anganic tea (3 packages/3times daily for 8 weeks). Anganic tea proved effective to recover the liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis. Treatment effects were quite good and fair for the "Can nhiet ty thap"
and "Can uat ty hu" type (100.0% and 93.9%), higher than for the "khi tre huyet u" type (60%>): the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).
Key words: Morinda sp. Rubiaceae: Anganic
tea; Antioxidant; Hepato-protectlve effects;
traditional medicine.
Tai lieu t h a m k h a o
1. TafO-ng Viet Binh, H6 Nam Hai , Nghien ciru tac dung bai thu6c nhan trSn cao thang gia vi vao dieu trj viem gan, Ky yeu cac cong trinh nghien ciru khoa hpc, Vien Y hoc co tmyen Viet Nam. (1997), tr 27-71.
2. Pham DifC Duang, Danh gia tac dung dieu trj ciia thuoc VG99 trong djgu tri benh nhan viem gan B man, Luan van tdt nghiep bac sT noi tru DHY Ha NQI, (2001),tr.29-44.
3. Nguyin Van Dung, Oanh gia tac dyng phye hoi chirc nang gan cua che tan liveol tren benh nhan viem gan virus B man tinh, Lu$n van Thqic sT Y hgc, Dai hoc Y Ha Noi, (2006).
4. Le Dang Ha, Viem gan virut B, Td'\ lieu dao tgo chuyen nganh truyen nhiem, Benh vien Bgch Mai HaNoi, (2001), tr. 116-122.
5. Nguyin Nhuo-c Kim, Phep dieu ho^ can ty trong dieu tri viem gan man va xo- gan giai dogn c6n bii vo-i bai thu6c co phu-o-ng tieu giao, Tgp chi YHCT Viet Nam. (1996), s6 2, tr. 14-16.
6 Nguyin Nhugc Kim, Mai Thj Kim Loan, Gop ph4n danh gia hieu qua dilu tri benh viem gan mgn tinh va xo gan giai dogn con bii bing bai thuoc nghiem phuo-ng YHCT, Tgp chi YHCT Vi$t Nam, (1999),s6 302,tr.14- 17.
7. Tran Thuy, Hoang Bao Chau, Phgm Duy Nhgc , Y hoc Co truyin Dong y, Nha xuit ban Y hgc, (1999), trang 485-488.
8. Tran Thuy, Ha Van Mgo, Banh Khiu, Oinh C6ng Hop, Nhgn xet buo-c dau tac dyng cua thu6c ngu vj tu lam giam enzym transaminase tren benh nh§n viSm gan B man tinh the hogt dong, Ky yeu cong trinh nghi§n cuu khog hoc, Vi$n Yhgc Co truyen Vi$tNam. (1996), tr 395- 401.
N h a n t h u ' c c u a . . . (Tiip theo trang 11) Cae phan tich ket qua vd nhan thirc ciia ngudi dan va cae ydu td anh hudng da duac chung tdi sir dung de dd xult mdt sd kien nghi ddn cdc nha quan ly vd nhCrng ben quan tam den v i n dd nay.
Summary
Since opening up the economy, medicines retail network existing In various forms has been appeared with different scales In Vietnam. In fact, besides the increase in the quality and the number of pharmacy, people's perception of the purchase and usage of medicine have been still out of control and had plenty of problems which need to be researched. The purpose of this study was to assess inhabitants' perception of the purchase and usage of medicine in Danang. Based on analyzing factors that affecting inhabitants' perception, this
study allowed researchers proposed some recommendations to the relevant authorities for raising inhabitants' perception.
Tai lieu tham khao
1. Andy Field (2005), discovehng statistics using SPSS, second edition. Sage publications, 619-679.
2. Peter Villaki, Ain Raal, A sun/ey of Estonian consumer expectations from the pharmacy service and a comparaison wiVn the opinions of pharmacists, Phanvacy World & Science, 29, (2007) 546-550.
3. Pradnya Naik Panvelkar, Bandana Saini, Carol Armour, Measurement of pation satisfaction w/ith community pharmacy services: a review, Phanvacy World & Science,^^, (2009) 525-537
4. Th6ng tu- so 08/2009/TT-BYT ve vi§c ban hSnh danh myc thuoc khong ke do-n ngay 01 thang 7 nSm 2009.
TAP CHi DUQC HQC-7/2011 (SO 423 NAM 51) 15
