Chdo mitng Ky niim 71 nam Cdch mgng thdng Tdm vd Qu6c khdnh 2/9
MOT SO NOI DUNG MOI CUA BO LUAT
TO TUNG DAN SU NAM 2015 VE THU TUC GIAI QUYET CAC VU VIEC DAN SU CO YEU TO NUOC NGOAI
Lf: M ^ H HUNG*
DANG THU H A * *
Thu tuc gidi quyit cdc vu viec ddn su cd yiu to nu&c ngodi du^c quy dinh tgi Phdn thit tdm, Chuang XXXVHI Bp lugt Td tifng dan su (BLTTDS) nam 2015. Tit chd dui^c quy dinh trong ba chuang cda BLTTDS nam 2004, phdn thd tgc gidi quyet vu vipc d&n Sfr cd yiu td nu&c ngodi du^c rut gon thdnh mpt chuang trong BLTTDS nam 2015. Trong chuang ndy, cd nhiiu sua doi, bo sung quan trgng ve thu tffC gidi quyit cdc vg viec ddn sy cd yeu to nu&c ngodi, quy dfnh khd day du, thdng nhdt vi nhirng dgc thd cua v(f viec dan su cd yiu to nu&c ngodi tren phucmg dien thd tuc to tung cUng nhu mpt so van de vi tuphdp qudc te nhdm tgo dieu kiin thugn lgi han nita cho Toa dn tiin hdnh hogt dpng td tung vd duang s^e tham gia td t^ng di bao vp quyen, lgi ich hap phdp cda minh.
1. Vl Iogi vy vifc ddn sy dirtfc xdc dinh Id cd yiu t6 mrdc ngoai
Khodn 2 Dilu 405 ciia BLTTDS ndra 2004 quy dinh 5 loai vy, vifc ddn su cd ydu td nudc ngoai dya fren cdc tieu chi khdc nhau: (i) Tieu chi qudc tich (ngudi nudc ngodi, cfing dan Vift Nam); (ii) Tidu chi tinh ttang cu tni (dinh cu d nudc ngodi);
(iii) Tigu chi noi xdc lap, thay doi, chim diit quan he dan sy (d nudc ngodi); (iv) Tieu chi phdp lu^i dp dung (phdp luat nudc ngodi) va (v) Tieu chi noi cd tai sdn lien quan (d nudc ngodi). Tieu chi ndy da bpc Id mdt sd han chd:
Thic nhdt, Tda dn da gap khd khan ttong vifc thy ly logi vy, viec ddn sg theo tieu ehi tinh ttgng eu trii - logi vy, vifc ddn sy ma raft bgn ed ydu cau, iranh chap hogc lign quan la ngudi Vet Nam dinh cu d nudc ngodi.
Thit hai, vl mat ly ludn, thi dfii tugng Clia quan hf ddn sy bao gfim v§t (tdi sdn) va cfing viec (phdi thgc hifn hoac khdng dugc
Thgc sT, Tnrdng Phong Vg Hgp tac qudc t4 Toa dn nhdn dSn tdi cao.
* Vg 2, Toa dn nhdn dan tdi cao.
Tgp chi . 461 K I E M S A T /sa;i7(thang9/2016}
NGmfiN COtI. TRAO D 6 I
thye hifn). Do dd, khi cd phdt sinh franh chip, yeu c i u v l dfii tugng ciia quan hf dan su thi Tda an cd thdm quyln gidi quyet, BLTTDS nam 2004 chua cd quy dinh v l vy vifc cd y l u ifi nudc ngodi md dfii tugng ciia quan hf ddn sy do Id "cdng vifc".
Thic ba, BLTTDS ndm 2004 sii dyng cd tigu chi phap ludt dp dung (phdp ludt nudc ngodi) vd tieu chi noi xac ldp, thay ddi, chdm diii quan hf dan sy (d nudc ngoai) de xdc dinh vy vifc ddn sy ed yeu td nudc ngodi la cd sg trtmg lap.
De khac phye nhiing diem bdi cap, khdng phii hgp ngu frgn, khoan 2 Dilu 464 BLTTDS nam 2015 da bd quy dinh v l xac dinh vu viec dan su cd yeu tfi nude ngodi theo tieu chi tinh trgng cu tni vd phdp luat dp dyng; phan dinh lgi vy viec dan sg cd ygu td nudc ngodi thdnh ba logi vy vifc ddn su khdc nhau dua tren hai tieu chi eo ban:
(i) Qudc tich ciia duong su vd noi xdc lap, thyc hifn, ihay ddi, chdm dirt quan he dan sy va (ii) Qudc tich ciia duang sy va noi
"cd" ddi tugng ciia quan he ddn sg hoae noi ddi tugng cua quan he ddn sy "dugc thuc hifn hogc khdng dugc thuc hien". Tren tinh thdn dd, BLTTDS ndm 2015 khdng edn sir dyng tieu chi "ngudi Vift Nam dinh cu d nude ngoai" de lam can cii xac djnh vy vifc ddn sg ed y l u tfi nudc ngoai. Vifc tham gia td tung tai Tda an Vift Nara ciia ngudi Vift Nam d nudc ngodi se dugc xac dinh theo qudc tjch khi hp tham gia quan hf dan sg, giao dich ddn sy phdt sinh ttanh chdp hogc yeu eau; eiing da thay the tieu chi "noi cfi idi sdn lign quan (d nudc ngodi)" Clia BLTTDS hifn hanh bdng tigu chi "ddi tugng ciia quan hf dan su d nudc ngodi" dd vura k l thira dugc quy dinh hien hdnh, vira bd sung phu hgp logi vy vifc dan sy tiiugc fliira quyln giai quylt cua Tda an
Vift Nam Id vg vifc dan sy md ddi tugng ciia quan hf dan sy Id vgt (tai sdn) d nudc ngodi va cdng vifc (phdi thuc hifn hogc khdng dugc thgc hifn) d nudc ngoai.
2. T h a m q u y l n ciia Tda an Vift Nam 2.1. Ve thdm quyin chung cua Tda dn Vipt Nam
Bp luat Td tyng dan su ndm 2015 quy dinh thdm quyen chung cua Tda an Vift Nam theo hudng tdn frpng quydn ig dinh doat eiia duong sy ve vifc lua chpn ca quan gidi quygt franh chip da dupe quy dinh tgi ludt chuygn nganh, dieu ude qudc id ma Vift Nam Id thdnh vidn. Theo dd, nhiing vy vifc dan sy md duong sg dugc lya chpn cd Tda dn nudc ngodi de gidi quyet thi vy viec dfi thuge thdm quydn ehung eiia Tda dn V f t Nam. Bdn cgnh dd, Bg ludi ndy cung Iam rd hem ve ndi dung va md rpng phgra vi radt sfi Ioai vu vife thugc thdm quydn chung cua Tda an Vift Nam da dugc quy dinh tgi BLTTDS nam 2004, nhu sau:
Thic nhdt, BLTTDS nam 2015 (dilm b khodn 1 Dilu 469) quy dinh ro ca quan, td chiic nudc ngodi la bi don neu eo quan, td chiic dd cd "tru sd" tgi Vift Nam ma khdng ddi hdi c a quan, id chiic nudc ngodi phdi cd "try sd chmh" tai Vift Nam nhu quy dinb cua BLTTDS ndm 2004. Bdi le, v l mat Iy lugn vd thgc tien, thi didu kien ve
"try sd chinh" neu tren da vd hifu hda vifc khdi kifn ciia duong sg tai Tda dn Vift Nam khi co quan, td chiic nudc ngodi chi cd "try sd" tai Vift Nam. Ddng thdi, de phu hgp vdi quy dinh ciia phdp lugt chuyen ngdnh ve viec co quan, td ehiie nudc ngodi phdi chiu frach nhifm todn bg dfii vdi boat dfing cua chi nhdnh, van phdng dgi difn ciia eg quan, td chiic do tai Viet Nam, diem b khodn 1 Dieu 469 cua BLTTDS nam 2015 da quy dinh ca quan,
So 17(tha)g 9/2016) \
Tap chi - K I E M S A T 147
Chdo mitng Ky niim 71 ndm Cdch mgng thdng Tdm vd Qu^ khdnh 2/9
id chiic nudc ngodi Id bi dem trong vu vifc dan sy tgi Tda dn Viet Nam ddi vdi tranh chdp ddn sy, ydu edu phat sinh ttr hogt dpng cua chi nhdnh, vdn phdng dai dien ciia c a quan, id chiic do tgi Vift Nara. Bgn cgnh dd, BLTTDS nam 2015 (dilm c khoan 1 Dilu 469) cdn bd sung ihem quy dinh Tda an Vift Nam cfi ihdm quyln gidi quyet vu vifc ddn su ngu bi dem cfi idi sdn d Vift Nam d l dp dyng cho cd cd nhdn va CO quan, tfi chiic (co quan, tfi chirc Viet Nara hogc c a quan, tfi chiic nudc ngodi).
Vifc xdc dinh thdm quyen ciia Tda dn Vift Nam theo tieu chi noi cd tai sdn nhu tten la phu hgp vdi ihdng If qufic te, theo dd, Tda dn phu hgp nhdt de xet xir vu vifc dan su cd yeu td nude ngodi Id Tda an cua nudc noi bi don cfi tdi sdn, bdt ke bi dan la cd nhdn hay ca quan, td chiic.
Thic hai, BLTTDS" nam 2015 sira ddi, bfi sung cdc Ioai vy vifc sau day thupc thdra quyln chung cua Tda an V f t Nam: (i) Vu vifc Iy hdn ma cac duong sg Id ngudi nudc ngodi cu tni, ldm an, sinh sdng ldu ddi tgi V e t Nam (digra d khodn I Dilu 469 BLTTDS nam 2015); (ii) Vu viee ddn sg ma ddi tugng cua quan hf ddn su la tdi sdn ttdn lanh ihd Vift Nam hoac cdng vifc dugc thuc hien ttgn lanh tho Viet Nam (didm d khoan 1 Dilu 469 BLTTDS nam 2015);(iii)Vy viec dan sy ma vifc xde lap, thay ddi, ehdm diit quan he dd xdy ra d ngodi ldnh ihd Viet Nam nhung cd lidn quan den quyen va nghia vy cua co quan, td chiic, ca nhan Vift Nam hogc cd trg sd, noi cu tni tai Vift Nam (dilm e khodn 1 Dilu 469 Clia BLTTDS nam 2015).
Trong sd eac quy dinh ndu tten, ihi quy dinh tgi diem d khoan 1 D i l u 469 BLTTDS nam 2015 dugc bd sung d l thdng nhit vdi quy dinh tgi Dilu 127 ciia Luat
Hdn nhdn va gia dinh nam 2014 va cdc hifp dinh tuong ttg tu phdp v l ddn sy nid Vift Nam la thdnh vidn. Quy dinh tgi diem e khodn I D i l u 469 eiia BLTTDS ndm 2015 thay thg quy dinh cita BLTTDS hifn hanh v l vifc Tda an Vift Nam dugc gidi quylt vy vifc dan su v l quan hf ddn su md cdn cur d l xdc l$p, thay doi, c h i m dirt quan hf dd theo phdp ludt nudc ngodi hoac xdy ra d nudc ngodi. Vdi tigu chi "xdy ra ngodi lanh thd Vift Nam", quy dinh ndy cua BLTTDS nam 2015 bo sung flidm cho Tda dn Vift Nam thdm quyln gidi quydt cdc vy viec dan su md vifc xdc ldp, thay ddi, chdm dut quan hf ddn sy dd xay ra d nhung dia diem ngodi lanh thd Vift Nam, nhtmg Vift Nam cd quyen chii quydn d cac dia diem dd, cg the la vimg tiep giap lanh hdi, viing ddc quyen kinh te vd them lyc dia cua Vift Nam. Quy djnh bd sung nay y nghia hgt siic quan frpng ttong vifc thyc thi quyen chii quydn ciia Vift Nam thdng qua vifc xac lap co sd phdp ly cho cae ducmg su ydu cau Tda dn Vift Nam giai quyet iranh chdp, ydu cdu phdt sinh lien quan den boat ddng hdng hdi tgi viing tiep gidp ldnh hdi, vung dgc quydn kinh id, t h i m lgc dja ciia Vift Nam.
2.2. Ve thdm quyen riing biet cua Toa dn Vipt Nam
Bd ludt Td tyng ddn sg ndm 2015 da bd quy dinh tai didm b Dieu 411 eiia BLTTDS nam 2004 ve vife xae dinh logi tranh chip phat sinh hi hgp ddng van ehuyin ma ngudi van chuydn cd trg sd chinh hoae chi nhdnh tai Vift Nara thugc thdm quyln rieng biet cua Tda dn Viet Nam. Ddng thdi, d l phii hgp vdi thdng If qudc id vg thdm quyln rigng bift cua Tda an dugc cdc bdn lya chpn d l gidi quygt; bd sung them quy dinh khi cac ben duong sg dugc Iga chpn Tda an
Tgp chi
481 KliMSAT- '^So17{th^9/2016}
NGHltaf ctfu • niAO DO!
Vft Nam dl gidi quylt vd cdc ben ddng y lua chpn Tda dn Vift Nam thi vy dn ddn sy dd ihugc thdm quyln rieng bift eiia Tda an Vift Nam (dilm c khoan 1 Dilu 470).
Ddi vdi logi vifc ddn sg thupc thdm quyln ridng bift ciia Tda dn Vift Nam, cu thg Id logi viec tuyen bd ngudi nudc ngodi cu tni igi Viet Nam hi rait tich bode la da chit, BLTTDS nam 2015 bd sung thdra quy dinh loai vifc nay se khfing thugc thim quyen rigng bift cua Tda an Viet Nam ngu dieu udc qudc id ma Viet Nam la thdnh vign cd quy dinh khac (diem e khodn 2 Didu 470). Vide bd sung quy dinh nay nhdm tgo dieu kifn thugn Igi cho viec thyc thi quy dinh vifc tuyen bd mft ngudi mdt tieh hoac da chet thugc thdm quyen ciia CO quan tu phdp cua nudc k^ kdt ma ngudi dd Id cdng dan khi ngudi do cdn sdng(^) trong cac dieu uoc qufic id md Viet Nam la thdnh vignf^).
3. IVd lai dtfn khoi kifn, dtfn ygu c^u hoac dinh chi giai quyet vu vifc ddn sy cd yen to nvdc ngoai
Bfi luat Tfi tyng ddn su ndm 2015 da quy dinh dfii vdi cdc vy vifc ddn su cfi ydu td nudc ngodi sau ddy ma Tda an Vft Nam
(1) E)ilu 20 cua Hi?p dinh tuong trg tu p h ^ (HDTTTP) giixa Vi?t Nam vdi Ldo; Dilu 22 HDTTTP giira •\^|t Nam vdi Ba Lan; Dilu 25 HDTTTP giQa Vi?t Nam vdi Be-la-njt;
EHIU 17 HDTTTP giiia Vi?t Nam vdi Bun-ga-ri; Dilu 19 MEJTTTP giiia Viet Nam vdi Cu Ba; Dieu 29 myTTTP giua
\^et Nam vdi Hung-ga-ri; Dilu 23 HDTTTP giiia Vi?t Nam vdi Lien bang Nga, Dilu 17 HDTTTP giira Vi^ Nam vdi Tig) Khac (Sec va XI6-va-ki-a kl thira) vd Dieu 23 HDTTTP giiia Viet Nam vdi U-rai-na).
(2) Hi?n nay, \^?t Nam Id thdnh vien Clia 18 dllu udc quoc te, thoa thuan quoc te ve tuong trg tu phdp trong linh vyc dan sy vdl Li6n bang Xfi Viet (Lien bang Nga ke thira). Lien bang Nga, U-crai-na, Be-la-rut, Bun-ga-ri, Ba Lan, Hung-ga-ri, Ti?p Khdc (Sec va Xlfl-va-ki-a ke thira), Phap, Cu ba, Trung Qu6c, Cam-pu-chia, Lao, Mong C6, BIC Trilu Ti&i, Dai Loan, Ka-ddc-xtan va An-gie-ri.
nhgn dugc don kifn, yeu cdu hoac da thy Iy thi phdi trd lgi don khdi kifn, ydu cdu hogc phdi ra quyet dinh dinh chi gidi quyet: (i) Vu vifc ddn sg thudc tham quydn chung ciia Tda dn Viet Nam nhirag tmdc dd cdc duong sg da cd thda thuan giai quydt tai Tda dn nudc ngoai hogc Trpng tai hogc Tda an nudc ngoai hogc Trpng tai da thy ly vy vifc dd hogc da ra phdn quyet (didm a, c va d khoan I Dilu 472 ciia BLTTDS nam 2015); (ii) Vy vifc dan sy thudc tham quygn chung hoae thdm quygn rigng bift cua Tda dn Vift Nam nhung radi bdn duang su dugc hudmg quygn mign tni tu phap (mien trir xet xir) theo quy dtnh cua dieu udc qudc id ma Vift Nara Id thdnh vign va tap qudn qudc id dugc Vift Nam thiia nhdn (dilm b khoan 1 Dilu 472 ciia BLTTDS nam 2015)(^); (iii) Vy vifc dan sy khdng thudc thdm quyen ridng bift cua Tda dn Viet Nam va thudc ihdm quyen rigng bift ciia Tda an nudc ngoai didm d khodn I Dieu 472 ciia BLTTDS nam 2015).
Tuy nhien, BLTTDS nam 2015 ciing quy dinh mdt sd ngoai If ve vifc Tda an Vift Nam van cd tham quygn gidi quyet vy viec ddn sy ndi ttdn. Cy the la cae tmdng hgp sau ddy: (i) Cae duong su da cfi thda
(3) Theo quy dinh ciia Phdp l?nh ve quyfin uu dai miln trir ddnh cho co quan dai di?n ngoai giao, co quan Ianh sy va co quan dai dien cua tfi chiic qudc te tai Yiet Nam nam 1993 thi chii the dugc hudng quyln miln tni tu phdp theo quy dinh ciia dilu udc quoc tl md Vi^t Nam id thanh vien va tap qudn quoc te dugc Vi?t Nam thira nhan bao gdm Lien hgp qufic, cac co quan true thufic LiSn hgp qufic, cac tfi chiic chuyen mon ciia Lien hgp quoc, co quan nang lugng nguyen tii qufic tl vd ca quan d^i di^n cua cac to chiic qufic tc nay tai Vi$t Nam; co quan dai dien cua tfi chiic quoc te lien chinh phii ngoai h^ thong Lien hgp quoc; co quan dai dien ciia to chiic phi chinh phii; Nhd nirdc nudc ngodi, ca quan djii di^n ngo^i giao, CO quan lanh sir nirdc ngoai tai Vift Nam va vien chirc ngoai giao cua hg.
, Tap chi So17(lliaiig«2(n6)^KIElVI SAT I •iS
Chdo miing Kj niim 71 ndm Cdch mgng thdng Tdm vd Qud'c khanh 2/9
ihuan lya chpn Trgng tdi hogc Tda dn nudc ngodi nhung da thay ddi bdng vifc lya chpn Tda an Vift Nam de gidi quydt hoae thda thudn lya ehpn Trpng tdi hogc Tda dn nudc ngoai bi vfi hifu hoac khfing thd thyc hifn dugc hogc Trpng tai hogc Tda dn nuoc ngoai tir chdi thu ly don (dilm a khoan I Dilu 472 cua BLTTDS nam 2015); (ii) Vg vifc da dugc gidi quydt bang bdn an, quyet dinh cua Tda an nudc ngodi hogc phdn quylt cua Trgng tdi nhung bdn an, quydt dinh hoae phdn quyet do khdng dugc Tda an Vift Nara cdng nhgn (dilm d khoan 1 Dilu 472 cua BLTTDS nam 2015); (ui) To chirc qudc t l tgi Viet Nam tuyen bd tii bd quyln miln trir tu phdp (khodn 2 Dieu 467 cua BLTTDS nam 2015).
Tdm lgi, BLTTDS nam 2015 da dam bao dugc sy thdng nhdt vdi quy dinh cua ludt chuygn nganh eung nhu digu udc qudc id ma Viet Nam la thdnh vign, tap qudn qudc te dugc Vift Nam thira nhan vd viec xdc dinh thdm quygn cua Tda an ddi vdi cac vy vifc dan su cd ygu td nudc ngoai.
4. Cac phirong thirc t6ng dat, thong bdo cdc van ban to tyng, thu thap chung cir d nirdc ngoai
Bd ludt Td tyng dan sy ndm 2015 dgt ra nhirng quy dinh mdi ve phuong thiie tong dgt, thdng bao van ban td tung, thu tiidp chung cii d nudc ngoai Id ban c h l cua BLTTDS nam 2004. Cy till Id Dilu 474 cua BLTTDS nam 2015 da bd sung:
Phuang thiic buu chinh d i n dia chi ciia ducmg sg dang cu tru d nudc ngodi vdi dieu kifn phdp ludt nuoc dd dfing y vdi phuang ihiic ifing dgt nay; phuong thiic btm chinh d i n ca quan dai difn eiia Viet Nam d nudc ngodi d l tfing dat cho duong sg Id cfing ddn Vift Nam d nudc ngodi;
phuang thiic btra chinh cho ngudi dgi difn
theo phdp lugt hogc dai difn theo uy quyen tgi Viet Nam ciia duong sy d nudc ngodi;
phuang thiic ihdng qua vdn phdng dai difn, chi nhdnh tgi Vift Nam ciia ca quan, td chire nudc ngodi; nigra yIt cdng khai tgi tru sd CO quan dai dien Viet Nam d nudc ngoai va try sd Tda dn dang gidi quylt vy viec hoac tgi nai eu tni cudi cimg cua duong sy tgi Vift Nam; tbdng bao tten Cdng thfing tin dien tii ciia Tda dn, Cdng thdng tin difn tii cua CO quan dgi dien Viet Nam d nudc ngodi; ttong tmdng hgp c i n thilt, Tda an cfi thd thdng bao qua kenh ddnh cho ngudi nudc ngodi cua Ddi phat thanh hogc Dai tmyen hinh cua Tmng uong.
Ba phuang thirc cudi ciing dupe dp dyng khi vifc thye hien cdc phuang tinic tdng dat ndu tai 4 phuomg ihiic ddu iign khdng cd kdt qud.
Nhu vgy, theo quy dinh tai Dieu 474 ciia BLTTDS nam 2015, Tda dn chi phdi chuydn hd so tdng dai, thdng bdo qua Bg Tu phdp vd Bg Ngogi giao khi hfi so nay dugc giri cho duong sy d cdc nudc md nudc do vd Viet Nam Id thdnh vign dieu udc qudc t l ve tucmg ttg tu phdp frong ITnh vgc ddn su va cac nudc chua ky kit vdi Vift Nam dilu udc qudc t l v l v i n d l ndy. Bdn egnh dfi, cdc phuong thiic tdng dgt, tiidng bao khdc quy dinh tgi Dilu 474 cua BLTTDS nam 2015 ciing se tgo nhieu didu kifn thudn lgi ban cho Tda an ttong viec thyc hien idng dgt, thdng bdo van ban td tyng cho duong sy.
Dde bift, phuang thirc tdng dgt, thdng bao theo dudng buu chinh d i n co quan dai difn cua Vift Nam d nudc ngodi va eho duong sg d nhtmg nudc rad phdp ludt nudc do khdng ed quy dinh cdm Tda an nude ngodi thyc hifn tdng dat theo each thiie nay, la nhung phuang fliirc giiip Tda an vd duong sg d nudc ngodi nit ngan dugc thdi gian gui
Tap chi
501 KIEMSAT_ / So 17(thang 9/2016)
NGmfiN cOti • TRAOD6I va nhdn van bdn id tyng, tilt kiem dugc chi
phi va ngudn nhdn lyc fliyc hifn.
Dilu 475 BLTTDS nam 2015 dd bd sung quy dinh mdi vl cac phuang thirc thu thdp chiing cir d nudc ngodi. Dfii vdi duong sg la cfing ddn nude ngodi, co quan, tfi churc nude ngodi thi Tda an thgc hien flieo phuong thiie dugc quy dinh tgi dilu udc qufic tl md Viet Nam Id thdnh vien vd theo dudng ngogi giao dfii vdi duong sy cu tni d nudc ma nudc dd va Viet Nam chua cung la thanh vign eiia digu ude qudc id;
ddi vdi duong sy Id edng ddn Viet Nam d nudc ngodi ihi Tda an gui vdn ban theo dudng buu cbinh ddn dia chi cua hg dl yeu cdu eung cap chirng cii.
5. Trdch nhifm cung cap thong tin nhan than, xdc dinh dia chi cua dirong sy d nud^c ngodi
Thyc tien iiy thdc tu phdp dl tdng dgt, thdng bdo van bdn id tyng ciia Tda dn eho duong su d nude ngodi cho thdy da sfi cdc hd so iiy ihdc khdng thyc hifn dupc do hp ten hogc dia chi ciia duong sg khdng chmh xdc (thigu thdng tin cu thg; duang su da khdng cdn cu tni tai dja chi tdng dgt nhung khdng rd dja chi mdi; ca bift dia chi khdng cd flidi). Nguygn nhdn chinh do BLTTDS nam 2004 khdng cd quy dinh dd Tda an lam can cii ydu cdu ngudi khdi kifn, ngudi ydu cdu phdi cung cdp gidy td, tai lieu xdc thgc hg, ten, dia chi, qudc tieh ciia ducmg sy d nudc ngodi ma hp cd dugc cho Tda an khi nop dan khdi kifn, don yeu cdu. Mai khde, Bg ludt ndy ciing khfing cd quy dinh frong tmdng hgp ngudi khdi kifn khdng cung cap dugc dia chi cu thd eua duomg sg d nudc ngoai thi cd ihl ygu ciu Tda an thfing bdo tim kidm ngudi vdng mat noi cu tni, tuyen bfi mdt tich, tuyen bd Id da chit de xdc dinh dia chi cua duang sy hogc lam
ca sd dg Tda dn thy ly vy dn dan sg. Bh khdc phuc iinh ttgng ndy, BLTTDS nam 2015 quy dinh ngudi khdi kifn, ngudi ydu cdu phdi ghi diy dii hp, ten, dia chi, qudc tich cua duong sy d nudc ngodi ttong don khdi kifn, dom yeu edu kem iheo gidy td, tdi lifu xdc thyc hp, ten, dia chi, qufic tich ciia duong sy do. Tmdng hgp khfing xac dinh dugc dia chi ctia duomg sy d nudc ngodi ihi ngudi khdi kifn, ngudi ydu cdu cd the yeu cdu Tda an Viet Nam dd nghi co quan cd ihdm quydn eiia nudc ngodi xac dinh dia chi ciia duong sy hogc cd ihl yeu cau CO quan cd thdm quydn iim kigm ngudi vdng mat tai ncri eu tni hogc yeu cdu Tda an Viet Nam hoac co quan cd thdm quyln ciia nude ngoai tuyen bd duang sy mat tich hogc da chet iheo quy dinh cua phap ludt Viet Nara hogc phap lugt nudc ngodi hoac digu udc qufic tg md Vift Nam la thdnh vign. Neu ca quan cd tham quygn ciia nudc ngodi ttd ldi cho Tda an Vift Nam khdng xac dinh dugc dia chi cua duong sy d nudc ngoai hode sau 06 thang ma khdng cd tra ldi thi Tda an trd lai don khdi kien, don ydu cdu eho duong sg. Nhu vdy, diera dang chii y nhdt ciia quy dinh neu ttgn Id frong tmdng hgp khdng xac dinh dugc dia chi ciia duong su la cdng ddn nudc ngodi, thi ngudi khdi kien, ngudi yeu cdu cd the yeu cau Tda dn de nghi ca quan cd thdra quyen cua nudc ngodi xac djnh dja chi cu tni ciia duong sy d nudc ngodi ndu digu udc qudc tl rad Vift Nam Id thanh vien cd quy dinh vin dd ndy. Hifn nay, cd mdt sd hifp dinh tuang frg tu phap vd ddn sy ma Vft Nara Id thdnh vign cd quy dinh vg viec cac nudc ihdnh vign hd frg cho nhau xdc minh dia chi Clia duomg su d fren lanh thd nudc minh. Vi dy: Dieu 17 cua Hifp dinh giiia Vift Nam vd Be-la-nit, Dieu 14 ciia Hifp
—— -—^ Tap chi So17(lhang9/2016)^K1EMSAT 151
Chdo mitng K^ niim 71 ndm Cdch mgng thdng Tdm vd Qudc khdnh 2/9 dinh giua Vift Nam va Lien bang Nga;
Dilu 4 ciia Hifp dinh giua Vift Nam va Hung-ga-ri; Dilu 11 cua Hifp dinh giiia Viet Nam vd Tifp Khae (Sec vd Xld-va-ki- a kl tiiua). Nhu vdy, frong tmdng hgp duong sy Id cdng dan cua mdi frong cdc nudc Be-la-nit, Lien bang Nga, Hung-ga- ri, Sec, Xld-va-ki-a ma ngudi khdi kifn, ngudi ygu ciu khdng xae dinh duge dia chi cu tni ciia hp tgi mpt frong cdc nudc ndy, ihi ngudi khdi kifn, ngudi yeu cdu cd the dl nghj Tda an Vet Nam yeu cdu iiy thdc tu phap dl xdc minh dia chi. Nlu co quan cd thdm quyen cua nudc ngodi tra Idi cho Tda an Vift Nam khfing xdc djnh dugc dia chi cua duong sy d nudc ngodi hogc sau 06 thdng ma khfing cd tta idi thi Tda dn frd lai don khdi kifn, don ydu cdu cho ducmg su.
6. ThM hgn thyc hifn cac boat dgng td tyng trong qua trinh giai quyet vu vifc dan sy cd yeu to nudc ngoai
Theo quy dinh tai Dieu 179 cua BLTTDS nam 2004 thi flidi ban chudn bi xet xir dugc dp dyng chung cho ca vy an ddn sy thdng thudng vd vy dn ddn sy cd duang sy d nuac ngodi (da duoc gia hgn) Id 8 thang ddi vdi vy dn dan sg, hdn nhdn va gia dinh hoac Id 5 thang ddi vdi vy an kinh doanh, thuang mai vd lao ddng, kg tir ngay Tda dn thy ly vy an, chua tinh den ihdi gian thyc hifn ygu cdu uy ihdc iu phdp ra nudc ngodi BLTTDS nam 2004 khdng ed quy dinh cho phep Tda an thdng bdo tmdc thdi gian, dia diem md Tda dn tiln hanh cdc hogt dpng td tung (md phidn hda gidi, md lgi phien hoa gidi, md phien tda, rad lgi phien tda) va thdng bdo cho duong sg d nude ngoai trong ciing mdt thdi dilm dl khi nhdn dugc, hp ed thdi gian chudn bi cac dieu kifn cdn thidt cho vifc tham gia to tung hoac cd thi de nghi
Tda an cho phep vdng mgi hoac gidi quydt vdng mgt hp kbi Tda an tiln hanh cac hogt dgng td tyng do. Vi vgy, mgc dii ttong qud trinh gidi quylt vy dn Tda dn ban hdnh rdi nhilu vdn bdn to tting nhung chi dugc tfing dgt, thdng bdo van bdn id tyng do cho duang sy d nudc ngodi sau mdi ldn ban hanh. Do do, Tda dn phdi thgc hifn ydu cdu liy ihdc tu phdp rdt nhilu ldn dl idng dgi, thdng bdo cdc van bdn td tung ndy cho ducmg sy, gay tdn kem mit thdi gian cbo duang sy va Tda dn.
Vi thi, khodn I va khoan 3 ciia Dilu 476 BLTTDS nam 2015 quy dinh Tda an phdi thdng bdo ttong van bdn thy ly vu dn, viec dan sy de giri cho duang sg d nudc ngodi ve thdi gian, dia diem md phidn hpp kiem tta vifc giao nop, tiep can, cdng khai chung ctr va hda gidi (sau ddy gpi chung Id phien hpp hda gidi), md lgi phien hpp hda giai, md phidn tda va md lgi phign tda; ihdi gian, dia didm md phidn hgp, md lgi phien hpp giai quyet vifc dan sy. Dfing thdi, Bd luat nay quy dinh ro ve thdi hgn md phien ida, phien hgp hda giai:
a) Phidn hpp hfia gidi phai dugc md sdm nhdt la 06 thang vd cham nhdt la 08 thdng, kg tir ngdy ra vdn ban thdng bdo thg ly vy an. Ngay md lai phien hpp hda gidi (nlu cd) dupc in dinh cdch ngdy md phien hpp hda gidi chdm nhdt la 01 thang;
b) Phien tda phai dugc md sdm nhii Id 09 thdng vd chdm nhit Id 12 thang, kl ttr ngdy ra van ban thdng bdo thu ly vy dn.
Ngay md lai phidn tda (nlu cfi) dugc in dinh each ngay md phien tda chgm nhdt Id 01 tiiang;
c) Phign hpp phai dupe md sdm nhdt Id 06 ihdng va chdm nhdi Id 08 thang, kl tii ngdy ra van ban thdng bdo thy ly vifc ddn sy. Ngdy md lgi phidn hgp giai quylt vifc Tgp chi
521 KIEMSAT- /SJl17(thang 9/2016}
NGHlfiN Clhi - TRAO D6I ddn sy (nlu cd) dupc in dinh cdch ngay md
phien hpp ldn ddu chgm nhit la 01 thdng.
Trong tmdng hgp din ngay md phidn tda do Tda dn in dinh flieo thdi hgn neu tten md Tda dn khdng nhdn dupc thfing bdo kit qua ihgc hifn tong dgt ihi Tda an phdi hoan phien tda va ydu cau Bf Tu phdp hogc ca quan dgi dien cua Vift Nam d nudc ngodi thdng bdo ve ket qud thyc hifn tdng dgt dd. Het thdi hgn 03 thdng, ke tii ngdy chuyen van ban ciia Tda an cho co quan cfi thdm quyen d nude ngodi md khdng nhdn duge van ban frd ldi thi Bd Tu phap phdi thdng bdo cho Tda an bilt de ldm can cii gidi quyet vy dn. Trong thdi hgn 01 thdng, ke tir ngdy nhgn dupc van ban cua Tda an, CO quan dai difn nudc Cpng hda xa bdi chii nghla Vift Nam d nudc ngoai phai thdng bao cho Tda dn vl kit qud thyc hien vifc tong dgt van ban id tung cho duong sy d nudc ngodi. Neu sau thdi hgn ndu fren ma Tda dn khdng nhdn duge thdng bdo ve kgt qua thyc hifn vifc tong dat thi Tda an se ra quygt dinh xet xir vdng mat duomg sy d nudc ngodi (khodn 4 va diem c khodn 5 Dilu 477 cua BLTTDS nam 2015).
Nhu vdy, khi nhdn dugc van ban td tung Clia Tda dn thi duong sy d nudc ngoai cd CO hdi tdt ban ttong viee chu dpng sap xep flidi gian, ebuan bi tdi lifu, chiing eii vd cdc edng vife cdn thidi khdc cho vifc tham gia io tyng ciing nhu de nghi Tda dn cho phep vang mat, gidi quyet vang mat bp; se gidm dugc sd lan Tda an phdi giri hd so uy ihac tu phdp, hd sa tdng dat ra nudc ngodi, tilt kifm chi phi cho duang su, tao dieu kifn thugn lgi cho Tda dn frong viec tiep tyc gidi quyet vy vifc dan sy tten co sd kit qua thye hifn ydu cau iiy thde tu phap, tdng dgt, thdng bdo van ban id tyng cho duong sy d nudc ngodi.
7. Ve thdi hgn khdng cao cua dutfng sy tf nird^c ngoai
Bd ludt Td tgng dan sy nam 2015 quy dinh thdi hgn khdng cdo cua duong sg d nude ngodi tdng thdm tfidi gian cho ducmg sg vang mat tai phien tda dugc quyln khdng cdo: Ducmg sy cu tni d nudc ngodi khdng cd mat tgi phien ida thi ihdi han khdng cao ban an, quyet dinh ciia Tda dn Id 01 ihdng, kg tii ngay bdn an, quygt dinh dugc tdng dat hgp Ie hoac ke tii ngay bdn an, quygt dinh dugc niem yet hgp If theo quy dinh cita phdp ludi (khodn 2 Dilu 479 Clia BLTTDS ndm 2015). Trong tmdng hgp dac bift, khi Tda an xet xir vang mgi duong sg theo quy dinh tai dilra c khoan 5 Dieu 477 cua Bp ludt nay thi ihdi hgn khdng edo Id 12 thdng, kg tir ngdy tuygn an (khoan 3 Dilu 479 ciia BLTTDS nam 2015). Quy dinh tgi dilm c khodn 5 Dilu 477 va khoan 2 Dilu 479 cua BLTTDS ndm 2015 la sy ndi ludt hda quy dinh tai dogn hai Dilu 15 ciia Cdng udc La Hay nam 1965 ve tdng dgt ra nudc ngoai gidy td Clia Tda an va gidy td khdc frong ITnh vyc ddn sy hogc thuang mai (vidt tdi la Cdng udc tdng dat gidy td, ngdy 16/3/2016 Vift Nam da nop hd so xm gia nhap). Theo quy dinh tgi Dilu 28 ciia Cdng udc tdng dgt giay td thi Cdng udc nay se cd hifu lgc vdi Vift Nam vao thdng 10/2016, neu khdng cd phdn ddi bang van ban ve viec Viet Nam xin gia nhdp Cdng udc tti cdc thdnh vidn khdc cua Cdng udc nay. Vifc nfi luat hda quy dinh ndu tten eua Cfing udc tdng dat giay td de tgo didu kien thudn lgi cho Tda an Viet Nam gidi quyet diit diem vu an dan sy cd duong su d nude ngodi ma frong sudi thdi gian tir khi thy ly din khi Tda an dua Piem tiep trang 62)
— - ^ Tgp chi S6l7(thang9/2016)V_KIEM SAT I 5 3
Chdo mitng Ky niim 71 ndm Cdch mgng thdng Tdm vd Qudc khdnh 2/9 the chdng cy dugc nhdm cudp tdi sdn (Tfi
cudp tdi sdn Dilu 133 BLHS) hay Hiing cilng ddng bpn dimg vii lyc nhung khdng lam uy hidp tinh thin ngudi khdc nham cuong doat tdi sdn (Tdi cuang doai tdi sdn Dilu 135 BLHS) nhdm chiira doat tdi s ^ . Hon niia, ban diu Hiing vd ddng bpn de dpa nhtmg sau lgi cd sg thda thudn vdi Tan, cho Tdn vilt giay dh lgi xe, difn thogi vdi vg va bgn be Tdn, cho thdy hdnh vi cua Tdn va ddng bgn khdng hdi dii cdc ylu td cdu ihdnh Tgi cuop tdi san theo Dilu 133 BLHS.
Ddi chilu hdnh vi cua Hiing cimg dong bgn neu ttgn vdi ciu ihdnh ca bdn ciia Tdi bat giir ngudi ttdi phdp ludt iheo Dieu 123 BLHS: "1. Nguai ndo bdt, giic hogc giam ngu&i trdi phdp lugt, thi bf phgt cdnh cdo, cdi tgo khdng giam giir din hai ndm hogc phgt tit tu ba thdng den hai ndm" vd cdu
thdnh CO bdn cua Tfii cfi >' gay thuong tich hogc gdy t6n hai cho siic khoe cua ngudi khdc theo Dilu 104 BLHS: "1. Ngudi ndo CO y gdy thuang tich hogc gdy tdn hgi cho sue khde ciia ngu&i khdc md ti li thuang tgt tic 11% den 30% hope du&i 11% nhung thupc mpt trong cdc tru&ng hap sau day, thi bi phgt cdi tgo khdng giam giir din ba ndm hogc phgt tit tic sdu thdng din ba ndm ", thi hdnh vi ciia Himg va ddng bpn da hpi dil cac ylu id cdu ihdnh tdi phgm theo Dilu 123 BLHS va Didu 104 BLHS (cdn tnmg ciu gidm djnb thuang ticb cua Tdn).
Khi din qudn nudc ihi Ha d Iai va mgi hdnh dfng ciia Hung vd dong bpn vl sau Ha khdng bilt va khdng ihl hien y chi cua minh doi vdi hgu qud ma Hung cung ddng bpn gdy ra, nen Hd khdng dfing phgm vdi Hung va ddng bgn vd 2 tfi danh tten.*
TCKS (tdng htfp)
MOT SO NOI DUNG...
(Tiep theo trang 53) vu dn ra xet xur Tda an khdng nhan dugc bit ky vdn ban ndo xac nhdn viec idng dgt van bdn td tyng cho duong su d nudc ngoai da dugc ihyc hifn. Hifn nay, cdc Tda an Vift Nam thudng xur ly tmdng hgp nay bdng viec ra quyet djnh tam dinh ehi gidi quylt vy dn. Tuy nhidn, vdi thyc tl Id ttong nhilu nam qua mdi sd lugng ldm yeu ciu liy ihac tu phdp cua Tda an Vift Nam ra nudc ngoai khdng nhan dugc thdng bao kit qud thgc hifn, thi vifc tgm dinh chi giai quylt vu an ddn din nguy co ttanh chip se bi tam dimg gidi quylt ttong mgt thdi gian ddi, ldm dinh frf cdc giao dich, quan hf ddn
su, hdn nhan vd gia dinh md mgt ben Id cdng dan Vift Nam cu tni d frong nudc, co quan, td chirc cd try sd d Vift Nam.
Cdc quy dinh ciia BLTTDS nam 2015 da dam bao ca ban quyen dugc lya chpn Clia duang sy vl phuang thiic gidi quylt ttanh chip bang Tda dn Viet Nam hoac Tda dn nudc ngoai hoac Trpng tdi da dugc quy dinh frong cdc ludt chuyen ngdnh, dilu udc qudc tl md Vift Nam la thdnh vien. Dfing thdi, Bfi lugt ndy ciing cd cdc quy dinh dde thli dl vifc gidi quylt vy vifc dan su cd ylu td nudc ngoai cd nhidu thudn lgi ban, theo dd thdi ban gidi quyet, cdc phuong thtrc idng dat, thdng bao van ban td tung ra nudc ngodi vd xii ly kit qud tdng dgt, thdng bao van ban td tgng ra nudc ngoai cfi sy khdc bift vdi quy dinh dp dyng cho vifc giai quylt vu vifc ddn sy thdng thudng.*
Tgp chi
621 KI£MSAT_ /So 17(thwg 9/2016)
