\ Tang cuong xay drnig, chinh don Dang gan voi hpc tap va lam theo tvt tuong, dao diic, phong each Ho Chi Minh
PHAT HUY QUYEN LAM CHU CUA NHAN DAN TRONG KIEM SOAT, GIAM SAT QUYEN LUC
NHA NUOC 6 VIET NAM HIEN NAY
NGUYEN THE TRUNG*
Phdt huy quyin ldm chu cua nhdn dan, gop phdn kiem sodt, gidm sdt quyin luc trong Miu kiin phdt trien nin kinh ti thi tru&ng Mnh hu&ng xd hpi chu nghia (XHCN) vd hpi nhap quic ti Id doi hoi cdp bdch cua qud trinh xdy dung Ddng, xdy dung Nhd nu&c trong sach, vieng manh trong tinh hinh m&i hiin nay.
Phat huy quyen lam chu cua nhSn d§n trong kiem soat, giam sat quy§n lyc
Phat huy quydn ldm chu cua nhdn ddn dugc C. Mac, V.I. Ld-nin dac biet quan tdm. V.I. Le-nin vidt: "Khdng cd che do dan chu thi chii nghTa xa hgi khdng thd thuc hien duge theo hai y nghTa sau ddy:
1- Giai cdp vd sdn khdng thd hoan thanh dugc cugc each mang xa hgi ehu nghia ndu hp khdng duge chudn hi eho cudc each mang dd thdng qua cudc ddu tranh cho chd do dan chu; 2- Chu nghTa xa hdi chien thdng se khdng giir dugc thang Igi ciia minh vd se khdng ddn dugc nhdn loai di den chd thii tidu nha nudc, ndu khdng thuc hidn day dii chd dp dan chu"'''. Ve ea ehe thuc hdnh dan chii, V.I. Ld-nin cho rang, ndi dung ddn chu phai duge bdo ddm bang hien phdp, bang todn bg he thdng phdp ludt. Ngudi nhan manh, khdng phdi ehi tuyen truydn vd dan chu, tuyen bd vd ra sac lenh vd ddn chu, khdng phai chi giao trach nhidm thuc hidn ehl do ddn chii cho nhirng ngudi dai dien nhdn dan Id dii, md cdn phdi xay dung che do dan ehu tir ca sd, dua vdo y kidn cua bdn thdn qudn chiing vdi su tham gia thuc su
ciia qudn chung vao ddi sdng cua nha nudc va phdi cd su kidm tra, giam sat.
Tu tudng Hd Chi Minh ve quyen lue, kiem soat, giam sat quydn lgc ludn gdn vdi cuge edch mang giai phdng dan tgc vd xdy dung xa hdi chii nghTa. Ngudi vidt: "Nudc ta la nudc ddn ehu. Bao nhieu quyln han ddu cua nhdn ddn"'^'. Ngudi chi ro ea ehl nhdn dan giao quyen eho ea quan nhd nudc thdng qua bau cu theo nguyen tac "phd thdng, binh dang, ti-ue tidp va bd phieu kin". Theo Chii tich Hd Chi Minh, quyen luc ehinh tri phdi gin vdi quydn luc kinh td: "Chung ta tranh dugc tu do, ddc lap rdi md ddn cii chit ddi, chet ret, thi tu do, dge lap eiing khdng ldm gi. Dan chi bidt ro gia tri eiia ti^ do, cua dpc lap khi ma ddn dugc dn no, mae dii"'^'. Dd khic phuc tinh ti-ang long quyln, Igi dung quydn luc dl tham d, Ngudi yeu ciu cdc ea quan nhd nudc vd cdn bd phdi ehiu su kilm
* Uy vien Hoi dong Ly luan Trung iiong (1) V.L Le-nin: Torn tdp, Nxb. Chinh tri qu6c gia 2006, t. 30, tr. 167
(2) H6 Chi Minh: Todn tap. Nxb. Chinh tri qu6c gia Su- that, Ha Ngi, 2011, t. 6, tr. 232
(3) H6 Chi Minh: Todn tdp. Sdd. t. 4, tr. 175
44 So 940 (thang 4 nam 2020)
Tang cuong xay dtmg, chinh don Dang gin vol hoc tap.. T^p chf c a n g s a n tia, giam sdt cua nhan ddn. 'TSThdn dan cd
quydn bai mien dai bieu Qude hgi vd dai bilu Hpi ddng nhdn ddn neu nhiing dai bidu iy to ra khdng xiing dang vdi su tin nhidm cua nhdn ddn"'''*. De thuc hidn kidm sodt, giam sat quyen lue cd hidu qua, Chii tich Hd Chi Minh dd dd ra cde phuang thiie:
"1. Kiem tra phdi cd he thdng nghia Id khi da CO nghi quyet, thi phai ldp tiic ddc thiie su thue hanh nghi quydt iy, phdi bilt ro su sinh hoat vd each lam vide cua can bd vd nhdn dan dia phuong ay... 2. Kiem tra khdng nen chi bing eii vdo eae td bao cao, md phai di den tan noi. 3. Kidm tra phdi dimg each thirc thgt tha tu phi binh vd phi binh"^^\ Theo Ngudi, eo che kiem soat quydn lue ddi vdi bd may nha nudc, chfnh la kidm sodt, gidm sat can bp vi "can bd la cai gdc ciia mpi cdng viec"^*', "mudn vide thdnh cdng hoae that bai, deu do can bd tdt hoac kem"^'*.
Tu khi tiianh lap ddn nay, Dang ta rat quan tdm ddn ddi mdi phuong thiic Idnh dao dl phat huy quydn lam chii cua nhdn ddn trong tham gia kidm sodt, gidm sat quydn lue. Dai hdi X eua Dang ehi ro: "Xdy dung ea ehe vdn hdnh cua Nha nudc, bao dam nguyen tic tdt ca quydn luc nhd nudc ddu thude vd nhan dan. Quyen lue nha nude la thdng nhdt, cd su phan cdng, phdi hgp giiia eac ea quan trong viec tiiue hidn quydn lap phdp, hanh phap vd hr phap"'^*. Dgi hdi XII eiia Dang cu thd hda CO chd "Ddng lanh dao, Nha nude qudn Iy, nhan dan lam chu" bdng ndi dung "Ddi mdi phuong thiic lanh dao eiia Dang d tit ca eac cap" vdi nhiing quy chd, quy dinh, quy trinh cu the; quy djnh ro han Dang phuc vu nhdn ddn, chju su giam sat eiia nhdn dan ve nhiing quyit dinh cua mmh. Nghi quydt Hpi nghi Trung uang 4 khda XII nhdn manh: "Phdi sidt chatk)- luat, k>' cuang ti-ong Dang, thuc hidn nghiem cdc quy tic td chiic cua Ddng; can bd, dang vidn vi phgm phai cd hinh thiic xir ly
kip thdi, chinh xac, bdo dam cdng khai, minh bach, edng bing"*''.
Dang cd nhieu chu truang diing din dl phdt huy quyln lam ehii eiia nhdn ddn. Sau han 30 nam tidn hdnh su nghidp ddi mdi.
Dang ta nit ra bdi hgc quan trgng: Ddi mdi phdi ludn ludn quan tridt quan dilm "ddn Id gdc", vi lgi ich cua nhan dan, dua vdo nhdn dan, phdt huy vai trd ldm ehu, tinh thdn trdch nhiem, siic sdng tao va mgi ngudn lue ciia nhan ddn; phdt huy siic manh dai doan kit toan ddn tpc. Thuc tidn each mang Viet Nam cho thiy, nhiing y kidn, nguyen vgng ehinh dang vd sang kien eiia nhdn ddn ndy sinh tii thuc tien la mdt ngudn gdc hinh thdnh dudng ldi cua Dang vd nhdn ddn chinh la ngudi lam ndn nhftng thdnh tuu ciia cdng cuge ddi mdi. Dang ta xdc dinh dan chii vua la muc tidu, vira Id ddng luc ciia su phat tridn dit nudc. Id ban chit ciia chl dp XHCN. Quydn lam chu eua nhan ddn dugc tdng kit thanh phuang eham "ddn bidt, ddn bdn, ddn ldm, ddn kidm tra". Nhdn dan lam chii thdng qua eac hinh thiic tu qudn, thue hien ddn chu true tidp vd dan ehu dai dien.
Hiln phdp vd nhidu van bdn quy pham phdp ludt, nhu Ludt Bdu eii dai bieu Qudc hdi vd dai bilu Hdi ddng nhan ddn, Ludt Td chiie Qude hdi, Ludt Td chitc Chinh phii, Luat Td chiic chinh quyln dia phuang, Luat Khidu nai, Luat Td cdo, Ludt Phdng, chdng tham nhiing, Luat Trung cdu y ddn,... deu cd quy dinh eu thd vl dilu kidn, hinh thiic, phuang thirc de nhdn dan tham gia vao ede hoat ddng
(4) H6 Chi Minh: Todn lap. Sdd, t 12, Xr. 375 (5), (6), (7) H6 Chi Minh: Todn tdp, Sdd. t. 5, tr. 637, 309,280
(8) Vdn klin Dgi hoi Dgi bieu todn quoc ldn thtrX, Nxb. Chinh tri qu6c gia. Ha Npi, 2006, tr. 45
(9) Vdn Icien Hoi nghi Idn tliic lu ciia Ban Chdp hdnh Trung utmg khoa XII. Van phong Trung ucmg Dang, Ha Ngi, 2016, tr. 45
Tang cudng xay dung, chinh don Dang gan voi hoc tap.. T^p c h l C ^ n g sAn quan ly nhd nudc vd xa hdi. Cdc ludt khac,
nhu Luat Mat tran Td qudc Viet Nam, Luat Cdng dodn, Luat Thanh nidn... ddu cu till hda quy dinh cua Hien phap vd vai trd eua cdc doan the ehinh tri - xa hdi tham gia qudn Iy nhd nude vd xa hdi. Theo quy dinh cua Hidn phdp, nhdn ddn ed quydn quyit dinh eac vdn de quan trgng cua dit nude thdng qua trung eau y dan (theo Ludt Trung cdu y ddn) va true tiep quyet dinh nhidu vdn dd lien quan den ddi sdng eua nhdn dan. Nhd nude phap quyen XHCN Vidt Nam dugc td chifc thdng qua bdu cir ddn chu, nhdn su uy quydn cd didu kien ciia nhdn ddn, thuc thi quyen luc nhd nudc ciia nhdn dan. Day Id hinh thiic kiem soat quyen lue nha nudc quan trgng nhdt; bdi vi, bdu cit nhirng ngudi vao ca quan quydn luc nha nudc lidn quan ddn quyen ddn ehu cita nhan ddn va quydn lanh dao ciia Ddng. Ngudi dan cd quydn vd trdch nhiem lua ehgn nhung ngudi cd ditc, cd tai, ximg ddng vdi su tin nhidm ciia nhdn ddn. Sau bdu cir, ngudi ddn cdn thuc hidn quyln giam sat hoat dgng eiia Nhd nude, eua nhihig ngudi dugc nhdn dan bau eii va cd quyen bai mien hp thdng qua Qude hgi, hgi ddng nhdn dan khi hg khdng cdn ximg dang vdi su tin nhidm cua nhdn ddn. Quydn bdi midn xudt phdt tit nguyen tae quyen luc nhd nude thude ve nhan dan, quydn luc nhd nudc Id tdi thugng. Vira qua, cii tri ca nudc rdt tieh cue tham gia kidra sodt quydn luc nhd nudc thdng qua boat dgng chat vdn dai bieu Qudc hgi, dai bieu hgi ddng nhdn ddn cdc cap trong cde ky dai bieu tiep xuc eit tri. Nhieu kidn nghi, chit vdn cua nhdn ddn ddn Qudc hdi, hpi ddng nhdn ddn eac cdp dugc tiep thu, gidi quydt kip thdi. Nhdn dan kiem soat quyln luc trong hd thdng chinh tri thdng qua cdc td ehite cd tinh dai didn xa hgi, cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xa hdi, nhu Mat ti:an Td qudc Viet Nam, Tdng Lien doan Lao dgng Viet
Nam, Hdi Lien hidp Phu nii Viet Nam, Hdi Ndng ddn Viet Nam, Hgi Cuu Chiln binh Vidt Nam, Doan Thanh nidn Cong san Hd Chi Minh va eae hdi quin chung, hpi nghe nghiep khac. Hang nam, cdc dodn the chinh tri - xa hdi, hdi nghd nghidp... deu tap hgp duge nhiing tdm tu, nguydn vpng, cac kidn nghi, de xuat cua dodn vien, hdi vien de bdo cdo vdi Ddng, vdi Qudc hgi, Hpi ddng nhdn ddn; gdp phdn ndng cao hidu qua viec gidm sdt, kiem soat quydn luc eua nhan dan ddi vdi can bd, dang vidn, nhit la cdn bg lanh dao, quan Iy trong cd he thdng chinh tri.
Thdng qua cdc phuang tien truyen thdng, nhu bao in, bao vilt, bao hinh, bdo mang...
nhidu phan dnh, y kiln cua ngudi dan dugc td ehicc Dang, Nha nudc giai quydt, xir ly kip thdi, gdp phin eiing cd niem tin ciia nhdn ddn ddi vdi Dang, INha nudc.
Ben canh nhiing kdt qua, thanh tiJu dat dugc, su laiih dao ciia Dang trong vide td chitc de nhdn ddn kidm soat quydn luc ddi vdi he thdng chinh tri cdn cd p h ^ han chd.
Vide phdt huy vai trd, trach nhidm cua Mat trdn Td qudc Vidt Nara, cdc dodn the chinh tri - xa hdi, cdc ca quan truyen thdng va nhdn ddn trong ddu tranh, ngan chdn suy thodi eiia mgt bg phdn cdn bg, ddng vien d radt sd nai dat hieu qud chua cao. Khdng it vu, viec tidu cue, tham nhiing duge nhdn dan phdt hien nhung khdng dugc cap uy, td ehiic dang ngan chan, xir Iy, gidi quydt kip thdi. Vide td ehite de qudn chiing tham gia gdp y xay dung Dang, ddng gdp y kidn eho can bd, dang vien d nhieu nai cdn mang tinh hinh thitc. Quyln bai mien xuat phat tit nguyen tic quydn luc nhd nudc thudc ve nhan dan, nhung trong cac van ban phdp ludt chua ed quy dinh neu ro loai vi pham cu thd nao eua dai bidu Qudc hdi, dai bieu hdi ddng nhdn ddn tiii hi coi Id khdng xiing dang vdi sg tin nhiem cua nhan ddn. Nhidu dai bilu Qude hdi, hgi ddng nhdn 46 S6 940 (thang 4 nam 2020)
Tang cudng xay d i ^ g , chinh don Dang gan vdi hpc tap.., Tpp <hf C^ng s d n
dan khi tidp xiic cir tri nhdn dugc rdt nhieu kiln nghi, dd xuat chinh dang cua cit tri nhung theo doi, giam sdt viec gidi quyet cua chinh quyen vdi cir tri chua tieh cue, khdng thudng xuyen, ndn ty Id kien nghi dugc giai quydt cdn tiidp. Vide td chiic thuc hidn cdc van ban phap ludt cua mgt sd ca quan hanh chmh nhd nudc, ehinh quydn cdc edp ehua tdt. 0 nhieu nai, edng tdc den bu, gidi phdng mat bing, tai djnh cu, ehuydn ddi ehg mdi...
vdn cdn vi pham Quy chd Ddn chii d co sd.
Nhdn dan trge tiep gidm sat, kiem soat quydn luc nha nudc tiidng qua quydn khilu nai, td cao, kien nghi vdi ea quan cd thdm quyen hoac kien nghi tiidng qua Mat tran Td qude Vidt Nam va eae doan the chinh tri - xa hgi dd gidi quyet dan, thu, khidu nai, td eao nhung so lugng dugc gidi quydt cdn thap.
M$t so nhiem vu, giai phap can thyc hien tot trong thoi gian tdi
Mpt la, ddi mai viic phdt huy quyen ldm chu cita nhdn ddn trong xdy dung du&ng ldi, chu truang, nghi quyet cua Ddng.
Cdc cdp uy ddng can td ehiic cdc dodn di khao sat, danh gia thuc td cde loai hinh td chirc eo sd ddng d cac dia ban, vung, mien khde nhau. Sau khi khdo sat, cin ddnh gia, td chire eac cuge tga dam, hgi thao de ldy y kien gdp y, dd xudt dd nang eao chat lugng cac nghi quydt cua Dang. Qud trinh Idy y kien tham gia gdp y, chinh la de chuydn bien nhdn thitc cua nhdn ddn vd ndi dung, vin de cap uy can dinh hudng lanh dao, chi dao. Phuang phdp ldy y kidn cua nhdn ddn nen tuy dieu kien cu thd ciia tiing dan vi, dja phuong de lua chgn, nhu phdt phidu hdi dap vd ndi dung, sg can thidt ra ddi nghj quyet?
Han che eua vdn de can ra nghi quydt Id gi?
Nguyen nhan vi sao? N l u thuc hien thi cd bidn phap, gidi phap nao higu qua...? Tren ca sd tdng hgp dugc cac v i n dd thi td chiic tga
dam ldy y kien gdp y cua cac chuyen gia, ddi ngii tri thiic trudc khi hodn chinh van bdn du thdo. Khi van ban du thdo nghj quyit, dd an da hodn thanh thi nen cdng khai toan van ddn nhan dan vd den cac ddng bd true thupc de lay y kien ldn eudi trude khi trmh cip iiy thao lu^n, quydt dinh ban hanh.
Hai la. ddi mai viec phdt huy quyen ldm chu ciia nhdn ddn trong kiim sodt, gidm sdt viic td chiec thuc hiin Cuang Hnh, duang ldi. nghi quyet, chu truang cua Ddng.
Nhdn ddn tham gia kidm sodt, gidm sat vide td ehiie thuc hidn chii truang, dudng Idi, nghj quydt cua Ddng, dua nghj quyet vao cudc sdng Id van dd rdt quan trgng va can thiet. De ban hanh mdt chu truang, nghi quyet cdc edp iiy deu thge hien qua eae bude, nhu xdy dgng, ban hdnh nghj quyet, td ehite phd bidn, quan triet nghj quyet, lanh dao nha nudc thd chd hda, eu the hda nghj quydt thanh Cuong lmh, ke hoach, cdc co chl, ehinh sdch, dd an, du an de thue hien.
Ddng da ban hdnh rapt sd van ban de nhdn dan tiidng qua td ehiic eiia minh thue hidn quyln do, nhu Quydt djnh sd 217-QD/TW, Quyk djnh sd 218-QD/TW, ngdy 12-12- 2013, eua Bg Chinh ti-j khda XI; Qudc hdi da ban hdnh mdt sd luat ed ndi dung lien quan d i n quydn va trach nhiem cua edng dan, nhu Ludt Khilu nai, Ludt Td cao, Ludt Phdng, chdng tham nhiing, Ludt Trung edu y dan,... Ngodi ra, edn cd Nghj djnh sd 04/2015/ND-CP, ngay 9-1-2015, cua Chinh phu; Nghj djnh sd 60/2013/ND-CP, ngay 16-6-2013, cua Chinh phu vd Phdp lenh sd 34/2007/PL, ngdy 20-4-2007, eua Uy ban Thudng vu Qude hgi, vd "thuc hien ddn chu a xd, phu&ng, thi trdn ".
Ba Id. tiip tuc phdt huy quyen ldm chu cua nhdn ddn trong kiim sodt, gidm sdt dgo dice, lii sing, hdnh dpng guang mdu cua cdn bp, diing viin.
T a n g c u o n g x a y d u n g , c h i n h d o n D a n g g a n v o l h g c tap.., T « p thi c a n g a
Ban Bi thu Trung ucmg Dang da ban hanh Quy djnh sd 101-QD/TW, ngay 7-6-2012,
"Ve trdch nhiem neu guong cua cdn bp, ddng viin, nhdt la cdn bp lanh dgo chit chit cdc cdp"; Quy djnh sd 08-QDi/TW, ngdy 25-10-2018, vd "Trdch nhiem niu guang cita cdn bp, ddng viin, tru&c hit Id Uy vien Bp Chinh tri, Uy vien Ban Bi thu, Uy vien Ban Chdp hdnh Trung uang". Nhiing quy dinh tren da tao didu kien eho nhan dan thdng qua Mat trdn Td qude Viet Nam va cac dodn the chinh trj - xa hgi true tidp gdp y eho edn bd, dang vien ve phdm chit, dao diic, Idi sdng, hanh ddng guong mdu eiia can bg, ddng vidn. Nhidu dja phuong da td chiic tdt cuge gdp y ddng vidn d dja ban eu tni theo djnh ky hang nam vdi tinh thdn thang than, xay dung; thdng qua cdc c a quan truydn thdng de phdn dnh nhiing vu, vide trai phap ludt, trai quy dinh cua Ddng, eua mdt sd edn bg cd chiie vu, quyen h^n; ngudi ddn da true tidp giti dan, thu phdn anh, td eao ddn uy ban kidm tra, thanh tra cac cap, ddn Ban Ddn nguydn ciia Qudc hdi dd kjp thdi gidi quyet, xir ly don, thu khieu nai, td cdo ciia edng ddn, eua ddng vien.
Bdn Id, thuc hien tdt quyin ldm chit cua nhdn ddn, gdp phdn kiem sodt, gidm sdt cdng tdc cdn bp.
Dd phat huy ddn ehii eiia nhdn ddn trong cdng tdc cdn bd. Ban Bi thu da ban hanh Quydt djnh sd 9 9 - ( ^ / T W , ngdy 3-10-2017, vd "Ban hdnh Huang dan khung di cdc cap iiy, td chiec ddng true thupc Trung uang tiep tuc phiit huy vai trd cita nhdn ddn trong ddu tranh ngan chdn, ddy lui su suy thodi "tu dien biin", "tu chuyin hda" trong npi bp".
Quy djnh vide cdng khai "Ban cam ket ren luydn, giij gin phdm chdt dao diic, ldi sdng, khdng suy thodi, khdng "tu dien bien",
"tiJ chuydn hda" cua can bg, ddng vien; ban kd khai tai san, thu nhdp cua can bg lanh dao,
quan ly vd ngudi phai kd khai theo quy djnh ; cdng khai trdn cac phuang tidn tiuyen thdng dai chiing; cdng thdng tm didn tir, niem yet tai ti-g sd ea quan, don vi; thdng qua hgp bao, hdi nghj, hdi thao, sinh hoat ehi bd, thdng qua hoat ddng cua Mat ti-dn Td qudc Viet Nam, cac dodn thd chinh trj - xa hgi; gui van ban hoac bang cac hinh thitc khac, de nhdn dan dd bidt, de giam sat can bd. Ngudi dan co quydn, cd traeh nhiem lua chgn nhimg ngudi dai dien thue hidn sii mdnh ciia nhdn ddn; ddng thdi, diing quyln gidm sdt vd quyen bdi mien khi ean bd, ddng vien khdng cdn xiing dang vdi su tin nhiem eiia nhdn ddn.
Ndm Id, day mgnh viic phat huy quyen ldm cha cua nhdn ddn trong kiem sodt, gidm sdt hogt dpng cUa ca quan lap phdp.
Ddng lanh dao Qudc hdi thdng qua Ddng dodn Qude hgi. Qudc hgi la co quan lap phdp, thue hien quyln ban hdnh vd gidm sdt tdi cao vide tudn theo Hidn phap, luat va nghj quyet eua Qude hpi. De nhan ddn thuc bien cd hieu qud quyen kiem sodt quydn lgc cua minh, Qudc hgi phat huy tdi da su tham gia eua ngudi ddn ttong vide xdy dung va ban hdnh eac dao luat, cae vdn dd trgng dai eiia ddt nude. Nhan ddn kidm sodt quyln luc eiia Qude hgi thdng qua vide Qudc hpi thuc hien tdt chirc ndng gidm sat tdi eao. Qude hgi phdi gidm sdt chat che ede hoat ddng cua cac c a quan hanh phap, dd cdc eo quan hdnh phap chip hdnh tdt phdp ludt. Cu tri cd nudc rdt ddng tinh vdi vide ddi mdi hoat dpng chat vdn va trd ldi chit v i n tai cac ky hgp eiia Qudc hgi. Hoat ddng nay gdp phin tuydn truydn, ndng cao nhdn thirc cho nhdn ddn va giup cdc thdnh vidn cua Chinh phii tang cudng ttdch nhidm qudn ly nhd nude tten cde ITnh vuc trudc nhdn ddn; ddng thdi, gidi quydt cdc dd xuit, kidn nghj chinh dang va hgp phap ciia cdng ddn qua hoat dgng tidp xiic cir tti cua dai bilu Qudc hdi vd dai bieu
48 S6 940 (thang 4 nam 2020)
Tang cudng xay dung, chinh don Dang gan voi hoc tap... Tpp chi C d n g s d n hdi ddng nhdn ddn cdc cdp. Qude hdi can dua
vao quy djnh trach nhiem cua dai bieu Qudc hgi, d^i bidu hdi ddng nhan dan vd gidm sdt CO quan chiic nang gidi quyet kien nghj cua cu: tri, coi day la mdt tidu chudn quan ttgng danh gia, phdn loai dai bieu hang nam. Vita qua, dai bieu Qudc hdi da bd phidu tin nhiem ddi vdi cac chiec danh do Qudc hgi bdu, ddy la mdt kenh thdng tin quan ttpng dd nhdn ddn thue hidn kiem sodt quyen lue thdng qua ngudi dai didn cua minh.
Sdu la, phdt huy quyin ldm chu cua nhdn ddn trong kiem sodt, gidm sdt hogt dpng cua cdc ca quan hanh phdp.
Ddng lanh dao Chinh phii thdng qua Ban Can su Ddng Chinh phu. Chinh phii la ca quan hanh chinh nha nudc cao nhdt, thuc hien quydn hdnh phap. Ca quan hanh phdp CO chiic nang, nhiem vu rdt quan ttpng Id quyet djnh ehinh saeh dd nhdn ddn kiem soat quyen Ige cu the ddi vdi cac ea quan ehiic nang trong hd thdng chinh trj. Chinh sdch do bao gdm chinh saeh ve kinh te - xa hpi, qudc phong - an ninh va ddi ngoai. Nhidm vu eua CO quan hanh phdp rdt rdng, nhu xdy dung quy hoach, ke hoach, thuc hidn cdi cdch hanh chinh, qudn I^ nha nudc ve tdi nguyen, khodng san, ve ngan sdch, thuc hidn cdng tdc tiianh tta... Nhdn ddn kidm sodt quyen luc cua ehinh quydn thdng qua co quan kidm todn (true thudc Qudc hpi), thdng qua chiic nang gidm sdt ciia Mat ttan Td qudc Viet Nam vd cde doan thd chinh ttj - xa hgi. Cac kidn nghj eua nhdn ddn deu dugc Mat ttdn Td qudc Viet Nam va Ban Dan nguyen tdng hgp de bdo cao tai cdc ky hgp Qudc hgi, yeu cdu Chmh phii giai trmh cdng khai, ddn chii. Tuy nhidn, cdn nhieu vu, viee vi pham phdp ludt ciia mdt sd can bd chinh quydn cham duge didu tta, xu ly kjp thdi da lam gidm ldng tin cua nhdn ddn vdi chmh quyln. Theo quy djnh ciia Hiln phap, Thu tudng Chinh phu
phdi chju ttdeh nhidm trude Qudc hdi, nhung ttdn thge te quydn hanh phap vl co ban duge giao cho nhieu ngudi dam nhidm, vi thi ttach nhiem ciia ca nhan vdn ehua thge su ro rdng, van cdn xen ldn trong trdch nhidm tap till, bao gdm eac thdnh vien ciia Chinh phu. Vide bd phidu tin nhidm eac chiie danh do Qude hdi bdu ra la mdt trong nhiing bien phap quan ttgng nham tdng eudng ttach nhiem cua ede thanh vien Chinh phu. Khodn 2, Dilu 96 eiia Hien phap ndm 2013, quy dinh rd ttdeh nhiem cua Chinh phu ttong viec hoaeh djnh chinh sdch. Dd giir vilng ky cuong, ky ludt, ehinh quyen eae edp phdi ehi dao co quan thanh tra tang eudng thanh tta tten cde ITnh vgc kinh td - xa hdi, nhdt la vide quan Iy nhd nudc vd dat dai, ddu tu cdng, eac cdng ttinh, dg an... dl xu ly kjp thdi cac vi pham phap ludt eiia cdng chiic, vidn ehiic. Day la edng eu quan ttpng thuc hidn quydn idem sodt ciia nhdn dan ddi vdi chinh quydn cac cdp.
Bdy la, phdt huy quyin ldm chu ciia nhdn ddn trong kiem sodt, gidm sdt hogt dpng cua cdc ca quan tuphdp
Ddng lanh dao cdc ca quan tu phdp, chii ydu thdng qua Ban Cdn su Ddng Tda an nhan ddn vd Vidn Kilm sat nhdn ddn. Cap uy dang djnh hudng lanh dao hoat ddng tu phdp, thudng xuydn kilm tta vide thuc hien dl hoat ddng tu phdp diing chu tixrong, nghj quyit eiia Ddng va quy djnh eiia phap lu^t.
Phuang thiic quan trgng dd kilm sodt quyln luc nhd nudc la xdy dung td chitc bd mdy nhd nude dd eae ca quan quyln luc nhd nudc thue thi quyln lue nhd nudc vita thdng nhit phdi hgp hanh ddng, vita kiem sodt Idn nhau, khdng mdt co quan nao ed the lam quyln. 0 nudc ta, Dieu 2, Khoan 3, Hien phap nam 2013 ghi rd: "Quyln luc nha nudc Id thdng nhdt, cd su phdn cdng, phdi hgp, kidm sodt giiia eac ca quan nha nudc ttong vide thge hien quyln lap phdp, hdnh phap,
Tang cuprng xay dung, chmh don Dang gan voi hoc tap... T«p chf C « n g f ^ tu phap". Tda an nhdn dan la ca quan xet xxx
cua nude Cgng hda xa hdi chu nghia Viet Nam, thuc hidn quyen tu phap, cd quyen xet xu ddi vai bdt ky dai bidu Qude hgi, thanh vien cua Chinh phu ndu hp vi pham phap luat. Vi?e hidn djnh nguyen tae xet xit dde lap va chi tudn theo phap ludt, nghiem cim ea quan, td chiie, cd nhdn can thiep vao vide xet xii eiia thdm phdn, hdi thdm, lam cho khd nang kidm sodt quydn lgc nha nudc cua tda an duge ro rang. Ngoai chiic ndng thuc hdnh quydn cdng td, vien kidm sat nhdn ddn cd chitc nang kidm sdt boat dgng tu phap; qua dd, ed the kiem sdt, ngan eh^n dugc vide lam quyen eiia ca quan va cdng chiic nhd nudc ttong cac hoat ddng tu phap. Vide hodn thidn he thdng phap ludt va td chiic tdt cdng tdc tuyen truyen, phd bidn kidn thiic phdp ludt den ngudi dan, Id mdt ttong nhimg gidi phdp hiiu hieu de nhan dan kidm sodt quydn Ige qua hoat ddng tu phap tdt ban. Khi he thdng phdp ludt ddy du, ddng bd va ddng ddo ngudi ddn cd Iden thiic, cd y thitc bdo vd phdp ludt thi viec gidm sat, kiem sodt hoat ddng cua cac CO quan tu phap se cd hieu qud tdt.
Tdm la, ddi m&i phucmg thuc lanh dgo cita Ddng ddi vai Mat trdn Td qudc Viet Nam vd cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xd hpi gdp phdn kiem sodt, gidm sdt quyin luc.
Ddng da xdy dung va ban hdnh kjp thdi cac nghj quyit dl djnh hudng lanh dao cho Mat trdn Td qudc Viet Nam va cae doan thi ehinh tri - xa hpi. Trdn ca sd dd, Ddng lanh dao Nha nudc thi chl hda thdnh cae van ban phdp ludt dl td chiic dua nghj quyit vdo cudc sdng. Djnh ky nam nam, Trung uang chi dao sa kit vd mudi nam chi dao tdng kdt, ddnh gid kit qua vi?c td chirc thue hidn nghj quydt d cac cip, cdc ngdnh. Viec ddi mdi ngi dung va hinh thiic kidm tta, sa kit, tdng kit cac n ^ quydt ehuyen dl ciia cdc cap iiy, gdp phdn phat huy vai tto cua Mat ttan Td qudc Viet
Nam, eae dodn thd chinh tii - xa hdi de kiem soat, gidm sat quyen Ige ciia cae ca quaii nha nudc. Bg Chinh tii da ban hdnh Quy dinh so 217-QD/TW, ngay 12-12-2013, "Viquyc^^, gidm sdt, phdn biin xd hpi cua Mat trgn To qudc Viet Nam vd cdc dodn thi chinh tri - xa hpi". Trdn co sd Quy djnh sd 217-QD/
TW, Mat ttdn Td qudc Vi?t Nam vd cde doan thi ehinh trj - xa hgi da xdy dung chuang trinh, kd hoach giam sat cd ttgng tdm, trong diem mgt sd linh vuc cd lien quan tiijc tiep ddn ngudi ddn, nhu gidm sat vide thuc hien eac nghi quyit eiia Qudc hgi, hdi ddng nhdn ddn, viec thge hien Quy chl Ddn chu d ca sd, cdc ehinh sdch, phdp ludt lien quan ddn quyln va nghTa vu cua cdng ddn; vide thu chi cae quy do nhdn ddn ddng gdp, kinh phi xdy dgng ndng thdn mdi, su guong mdu ciia can bg, dang vidn, nhit Id ngudi diing diu cae cip, cae ngdnh... Ddng cd chii truang thdng qua he thdng Mat ttdn Td qudc Viet Nam dd dgng vidn nhiing ngudi ngodi Dang tham gia chinh quydn bang each tu iing cit; Mat ttdn Td qudc Viet Nam, cdc doan the chinh trj - xd hdi thudng xuyen sdu sat ca sd, lang nghe kjp thdi tdm tu, nguydn vgng, de xuit, kidn nghj chinh ddng, hgp phdp cua nhdn dan de tdng hpp phdn dnh eho cap uy, Qudc hpi, hpi ddng nhdn dan, chinh quydn cdc cdp xem xet, gidi quydt. Thuc hien cac quy djnh ciia Dang, nhu Quy djnh sd 11-QD/TW, ngay 18-2-2019, "Ve trach nhiem cua nguai dung ddu cdp ity trong viec tiep ddn, ddi thogi tn^c dip v&i ddn vd xu ly nhieng phdn anh, kiin nghi cua ddn "... dl gidm sat viec thue hidn.
Ngudi diing diu cip uy, chinh quyen cae cip dd tang cudng cdng tdc tidp dan, ddi thoai vdi ddn, nhidu biic xiic, kidn nghi ehinh dang eua nhdn dan duge gidi quydt kjp thdi, gdp phdn tich cue lam dn dinh chinh tri, han chd khilu kidn ddng ngudi, giam tiiidu phat sinh didm ndng d cac dja phuang. • 50 So 940 (thang 4 nam 2020)