VIET NAM TRONG TIEN TRINH HOA BINH TREN BAN DAO TRIEU T I E N "
PHAM HlJNG mii-
Tom tat; Trong nhihig ndm vira qua, Viet Nam dugc dir ludn ddnh gid cao vai tu cdch la quoc gig CO kinh nghiem hoa gidi va hoa binh. Trong trong lien trinh thuc hien phi hgt nhdn hoa vd kien tgo mgt nen hoa binh ben vimg tren Bdn ddo Trieu Tien, Viet Nam cung dtrgc coi la CO nhieu tiem ndng de thuc hien vai trd trung gian hda gidi. Bdi viet tgp trung phdn tich nhihig yeu to thugn lgi khien Viet Nam co the gdp phdn tich cue vdo viic thiic ddy tien trinh hoa binh tren Bdn ddo Trieu Tien. Dieu ndy dugc the hien a chd Vi^t Nam khong chi Id doi tdc chdn thdnh luon the hien vai tro tich cue, md cdn Id quoc gia co nhieu dieu ki^n thugn lgi de dong vai trd trung gian hda gidi giira cdc ben lien quan den tien trinh hda bmh tren Bdn ddo, la mo hinh phdt trien cd gid tri md Trieu Tien co the tham khdo trong qud trinh cdi cdch vd hgi nhgp quoc le.
Tir khda: Viet Nam, Ban dao Tridu Tidn, Chinh saeh hutjng Nam mdi
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rong nhirng nam vira qua, thd gidi dugc chiing kien mdt Ban dao Tridu Tidn vdi nhung dien bidn chinh tri, an ninh vd ciing phirc tap. Cd nhtrng liic quan he giira My va Tridu Tien xau di, keo theo sy leo thang cang thing trong quan he hai midn Nam B5c Tridu Tidn tudng chimg dirng ben mieng hd chien tranh. Tuy nhidn, cac cugc hgi nghi thugng dinh lidn Tridu, My - Tridu trong nam 2018 va diu nam 2019 dudng nhu da md ra hudng di mdi cho quan he cua Han Qudc va My vdi Tridu Tidn. Mac dii hidn tai, tidn trinh dam phan giira eac ben vin dang diing trudc nhtrng bd tic, tham chf khdng loai trir kha ndng quay vd diem xuat phat.• PGS.TS., Vien Nghien ctm Dong BSc A
" Bai viet la mot phan k£t qua nghien ctiu thupc de tai:
Vl^l Nam trong Chlnh sach hudng Nam mm ciia Tong Ihong Han Qudc Moon Jea-in do Quy Giao luu qudc te Han Qudc (The Korea Foudation) tai trg.
NQHIEN edu OdNG B^C fl. Sd 4(230) 4-2020
song va\ sy nd luc cua cae bdn lidn quan va cua ea cgng ddng qudc td ydu chupng hda binh, ngudi ta van cdn co sd dd hy vpng ve mdt tridn vpng phi hat nhan hda va tap dyng ndn hda binh ben virng cho Ban dao Tridu Tidn. Trong bai vidt nay, chiing tdi mudn dd cap ddn nhirng ydu td thuan Ipi khidn Vipt Nam cd thd gdp phan tich cue vao vide thuc diy qua trinh hda giai, tidn tdi mdt ndn hda binh bdn virng trdn Ban dao Tridu Tien trong didu kien quan he lidn Tridu va My - Tridu tiep tuc dugc cai thidn.
1. Viet Nam chan thanh mong muon ddng vai trd tich cue trong tidn trinh hoa binh tren Ban dao Tridu Tien
Ban dao Tridu Tidn hidn la mdt trong sd it nai trdn thd gidi vin edn dam dau an chinh tri va an ninh til thdi Chidn tranh Lanh. Vdi sy can thiep cua cac cudng qudc, sau khi Chidn tranh Thd gidi thii hai kdt thiic nam 11
1945 eham din sy cai trj ciia dd qudc Nhat Ban, Ban dao Tridu Tidn tir mdt nha nude thdng nhat bj chia cit thanh Cpng hda Dan chil Nhan dan Tridu Tidn (Trieu Tien) d phia Bic vd Dai Han Dan Qudc (Han Qudc) d phia Nam.
Sau khi chien tranh ket thuc. Tridu Tidn xay dyng dat nude theo md hinh xa hpi chu nghia. Thdi k\- 10 nam dau, nen kinh te Tridu Tidn d$t dupc sy tang tmdng trang binh 25%/nam, cd the coi la miic tdng trydng cao nhit the gidi thdi kj' dd, timg dugc ea nggi la "ky tich Vidn Ddng". Vdo nhiing ndm thjp nidn 1960-1970, kinh td ciia Tridu tidn cdn vugt qua cd Hdn Qudc. Tridu Tidn timg dugc coi sdnh ngang hdng vdi Nhjt Ban, Id hai nude cdng nghiep ciia Chau A luc dd.' Tuy nhidn tir thap ky 1990, sau khi khoi cdc nude xa hpi chii nghia Ddng Au tan rd, nhat Id sau sy syp dd ciia Lidn Xd, kinh td Tridu Tien da lam vdo khd khdn, suy thodi. Cimg viji vide My va cac nude dp dyng l?nh cam v^n thuong mai do chuang trinh phdt trien vii khi hat nhan, Trieu Tien ngdy cang liin sau vdo khung hoang vd tmh tr?ng dd keo ddi ddn tan ngay nay.
Ciing tuong ty nhu nhiing gi xay ra trdn Ban ddo Tridu Tidn, tmde day Vidt Nam cung timg chju anh hudng vd chju hau qua njng nd eiia Chidn tranh Lanh vdi sy chi phdi Ipi ich chidn lyge eiia cac cucmg qudc khu vyc vd thd gidi. Dat nude Viet Nam cting timg bj phan chia thdnh hai midn Nam Bic vdi cupc xung dot keo ddi han hai muoi ndm dd lai nhiing tdn that vd ciing nang nd
\ c ciia cdi \ a sinh mang
' Huy Long, "Tri^u Tien: Ttr hoing kim den Idio nan", TiJn phong, 2j'4'20I3. hItps://www.tienphong.vn/the- gioi/tricu-lien-tu-hoang-kim-denkho-nan-624039.tpo
. =j nhan . Chinh M^i'-'- .„
• [hone sau dan Vidt Nam thau hieu va '••""' .-^^jn sac vdi nhung dau Utuong. chia c
dan hai midn Tridu Tien da ^a dang ^ , ^ mudn chia sd vdi nhan dan hai m ._^
Ban ddo Tridu Tidn ^e nhmig bai n_
nthiem cua minh yong qua trinh xay dimg vd diu tranh tien tdi hda binh, thong nhat dat nirac; , , .; , x.
Nam 1975, sau khi cugc khang ehien ket thiic thing lgi, Viet Nam da ttd thanh mpt dit nude thdng nhdt va di vdo giai do?n on dinh, xdy dyng xa hgi mdi. Ngdy nay Viet Nam Id mpt mpt qudc gia dang trong qua trinh ddi mdi, timg budc phat tridn ndn kinh Id dii trudng theP djnh hudng xa hgi chu nghia. Viet Nam rat cin mdi tradng khu vuc vd qudc td hda binh, dn dinh dd hgp tac eiing phat tridn. Mdt Ban ddo Trieu Tien hda binh, Ihjnh vugng khdng chi la khat vpng ciia nhan dan hai midn Ban dao Tridu Tien ma cdn Id mong mudn ciia nhan dan Viet Nam.
Chinh vi vay, Vidt Nam rat chan thanh mudn ddng vai trd tich eye trong qua trinh giai quyet cac van dd nay sinh nham duy tri hda bmh bdn viing trdn Ban dao Tridu Tidn.
2. Vift Nam la quoc gia co dieu kien thuan Igi trong vai trd trung gian hda giai, gdp phan tich cue vao viec giai trir vii khi hat nhan va tao dung nen hoa binh bin virng tren Ban dao Trieu Tien
Phi hat nhan hda Ban dao Tridu Tien, cu thd la vide giai trir vii khi hat nhan cua Trieu Tidn la mdt trong nhirng didu kien quan trpng khdng thd thidu dd xay dyng va dam bao ndn hda binh bdn viing trdn Ban dao.
Tuy nhidn, thye td qua cdc vdng dam phdn 6 ben vd van dd nay tir nam 2003 den ndm
NGHIEN e d u 0 6 N G B ^ C fl. s 6 4 ( 2 3 o 7 v 2 ^
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Nghien ciru khoa hoc
2009 ciing nhu cdc cugc gap thugng dinh lidn Tridu, My - Tridu vira qua cho thiy day la van dd khdng dd ddng vi lidn quan ddn lgi ich an ninh chidn luge cua Tridu Tidn cung nhu ciia cdc qudc gia cd lidn quan.
Ddi vdi Tridu Tien, chucmg trinh phat frien va khi hat nhan hon 50 nam qua^ la nhdm tao ra phuang tidn bdo vd dit nude.
VQ khi hat nhan doi vdi Tridu Tidn dugc eoi la "thanh bao kidm". Id eho dya virng chic de ddm bdo an ninh cho thd chd chinh trj hien tai trong bdi eanh hai midn Tridu Tien vin ddi dau xung dot vd tmde nguy eg de dpa tir bdn ngoai, tmde hdt la tir My. Tuy nhidn, vide phat tridn vii khi hat nhan ciing gay nhiing h? luy cho chinh Tridu Tidn. Vu khi hat nhan ciia Tridu Tidn dugc coi Id ydu td de dpa, gay bat dn eho an ninh qudc td vd khu vuc, tiem an nghi ngd va nguy ca xung dot giOa eae nude trong khu vyc, kich thich cdc nude trong khu vyc chay dua vu trang, tim kidm sd hiiu vii khi hat nhan. Chinh vi vay, Tridu Tidn da phai himg chju lenh cam van tir My vd qudc td trong nhidu nam; ndn kinh te cua Tridu Tidn bi sa siit, ddi sdng ngudi dan Tridu Tidn ngay eang lam vao canh khd khdn. Qua eac cugc dam phan lidn Tridu va gap thugng dinh My - Tridu vira qua, Tridu Tien da chap nhan san sang phi hat nhan hda Ban dao Tridu Tien mgt khi an ninh dugc dam bdo. Mdc du vay, day Id dieu rat khd khdn vi bai hge kinh nghiem tir sy xup dd ciia chinh quydn Gaddafi va sy hdn loan ehya thdy hdi ket d Liby tir nam 2011 sau khi nude nay cam kdt tir bd vii khi hat nhan nam 2003 vdn cdn nguyen gia tri. Vide
xd\ dyng Idng tin giOa hai midn Tridu Tidn, giira Tridu Tidn vdi My la tdi quan trgng, song vdn cdn d xa phia trade.
Dieu dang quan tdm d day Id, vide xdy dyng long tin eho tidn trinh gidi trir vu khi hat nhdn cua Tridu Tien hipn nay khdng chi phu thudc vao hanh dpng cu thd cua cdc nude ed lidn quan ma cdn can cd sy tdc dpng eua nhirng nhan td trung gian nhdm tdng cudng sy giao Imi, hidu bidt lan nhau. Trong van dd nay. Viet Nam cd the cd vai trd yung gian hda giai tich cyc. Hipn nay, Vi|t Nam la nydc cd quan he thdn thien vdi cd hai midn Tridu Tidn va quan he ngdy mpt phdt tridn vdi My.
Ddi vdi Tridu Tidn, quan hp Viet - Tridu la mdi quan he hiiu nghj truydn thdng, Tridu Tidn timg Id mdt trong 3 qudc gia dau tidn edng nhan nude Viet Nam Dan chii Cgng hda ngay tir ndm 1950 (sau Tmng Qudc vd Lidn Xd)'. Trong nhiing ndm cua thjp nidn 1950 va 1960, Tridu Tidn va Viet Nam cd quan he than thidt do cd nhidu diem tucmg ddng. Ca hai nude vao thdi didm ndy ddu bj ehia eat, cimg dang chidn dau chdng My vd nhan dugc su iing hd tir cdc cudng qudc xd hgi chu nghia nhu Tmng Qudc va Lidn Xd.
Mdi quan he hai nude duge cung cd them khi Tridu Tidn cii gan 100 phi cdng vd si quan tre sang Vidt Nam hgc tap, huan luyen va true tiep chidn dau eiing cae phi edng Viet Nam. Da ed 14 phi cdng Tridu Tidn anh ddng hy sinh trdn chidn tmdng mien B Viet Nam. Tridu Tien cdn giup Viet Nam ddo tao
" Tinh tir khi Trung tam nghien ctru khoa hoc hat nhan Yongbyon bat dau hoat dpng vao nam 1965.
^ Bd Ngoai giao Viet Nam, "Thong tin co ban \e CHDCND Trigu Tien ya quan he Viet Nam - TriSu Tien", http://www.mofahcm.gov.vn/vi/mofa/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nrO 40819104221/ns070621161242.
NGHIEN C(IU DdNG BflC (). SO 4(230) 4-2020
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one <^^^
hang ti4m sinh vidn. ngodi ra cdn \idn ng cd. Hien t?i, Hdn Qudc la mP ^^'^^ ldn cho Vidl Nam nguyen vat lidu, thudc men... nha diu tu sd 1. la ddi tac ^ ^ ^^^ ^^
Sau khi \idt Nam thdng nhit ddl nude vao thu hai \a Id mpt trong n ^ ^ ^ ^^ ^^
nam 1975 vd tidn hanh cdng cupc "ddi mdi" ODA hdng ddu ciia \ i^i ^^ ^ 1 ^ ^ ^~^
tir ndm 1986. con dudng phdt uidn ciia Viet nghj, giao luu giiW i^ ' ^^^ ^ y i ^ ^^^ ^^^^
Nam va Trieu Ticn din din cd nhidu khac hai nude da phat tnen bipt. Trong khi Viet Nam tidn hanh ddi mdi,
phdt tridn kinh Id thj tmdng djnh hudng xa hpi chii nghTa thi Tridu Tidn van duy ui chd dp khdp kin, bj cd l$p \d Idm \ao tinh canh khd khdn. M$c dii \ a>. quan h? hai nude \ an tidp tye dugc duy tri, Vipt Nam da nhidu Idn vipn Ug luong diyc cho Tridu Tien hang chye nghin tan gjo, vd cac nhu >eu pham
Vie. N a m - H o a Ky) da phdt tnen nhanh chdng yong 25 nam qua, tir nhung cuu thu uong chidn tranh, hai nude da ehuyen sang binh thudng hda quan he vd phdt tridn quan hd len mpt tim cao mdi vdi khudn khd "Dot tac todn dien". Kd tir khi hai nude binh khac Uong nhthig luc dat nude ni.v gdp khd fh^fmg hda quan he va chinh thile thidt lap khan''. quan he ngoai giao ttr nam 1995, den nay, Doi vdi Han Qudc, quan he Viet - Hdn ^^^ ^^ yj^j fjajn . jjog ^.^ j j chuydn ddi tuy mdi thidt 1 jp quan hd chinh thiic ni ndm ^^^ ^.^^ ^ ^jXj j>y g ^ g jj^j, ),e, va trd 1992, nhung dd phdt tridn nhanh chdng chua ^ ^ ^x. ^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^..^ ^ ^^.^^^ ^_ ^^^^^
timg cd. Trai qua gdn 30 ndm, hai nude dd ^.^^^ ^ ^ ^.^ ^..^ ^^^^ ^ ^ ^ ^^^ ^. ^.^^
hai lin ndng cdp tii quan hd "Ddi tac todn dipn yong did ky XXI" (ndm 2002) ldn quan hd "Doi tdc hpp tdc chien luge" (ndm 2009).
Thdi gian qua, quan hd Vipt Nam Hdn Qudc dd cd nhiing budc phat tridn vugt bac trdn nhieu linh vyc nhy chinh trj, ddu ty, thucmg m^i vd du Ijch. Viet Nam coi Hdn Qudc Id ddi tac quan trpng hdng day trdn nhidu ITnh vyc, trong khi Han Qudc cung dat Viet Nam la ddi tac trpng didm trong chinh sach hudng Nam mdi cua Tdng thdng Moon
nghe, ddn qudc phdng - an nmh; vdi ddng lyc hgp tde ngay cang eung cd, manh md hon, cdc ITnh vyc hgp tac ngdy cang rgng, sau, da dang, thyc chat, hieu qua va lgi ich hai hda cd tam quan trgng chien luge.
Ciing vdi quan he chinh tri tdt dep, hgp tac kinh td - thuang mai Viet Nam - Hoa Ky duge coi Id ITnh vyc hgp tac thanh cdng nhat, da va dang trd thdnh trgng tam, ndn tang, ddng lyc phat tridn cho quan he chung giiia Jea-in. Vide trao ddi thutmg xuyen phai doan hai nude. Hidn Hoa Ky la mdt trong nhtrng cdc cap, d^e biet Id cdc chuydn tham cua
lanh dao cap cao, da cho thay sy tin cdy ehinh uj giOa hai bdn ngdy cdng dygc cung
* Phinmg v o . "Mot quan h^ duoc htm diic tir khdi Itia chiin tranh giOa S'lCt l^am va Trieu Tifin", VNExpress ngi; 2O/2/20I9.
ddi tdc thuong mai ldn nhat cua Viet Nam, Trong 24 nam qua, kim ngach thucmg mai song phucmg da tdng hon 100 lan, tir 451 ttieu USD (nam 1995) ldn 60,3 ty USD (nam
' Anh Huyen, "Quan h? Vi^t Nam - Han Qu6c va nh&np budc phat trijn thin ky", VOVS, ngiy 25/11/2019.
14 NGHIEN e d u OdNG B^C fl. s 6 4 ( 2 3 o T 4 ^ o ^
Nghien cim khoa hoc
2018), tdi het thang 11/2019 dat 68.6 ty USD'. Hiep hpi Doanh nghiep Hoa Ky t?i Viet Nam (AmCham) dua ra dy bao kim ngach thycmg mai hai nydc ed thd dat 80 ty USD vdo ndm 2020. Vd diu tu, Hoa Ky hidn dirng thir 11 trong sd 130 qudc gia vd viing lanh thd ddu tu tryc tiep vao Viet Nam vdi 908 dy an, tdng vdn dang ky dat 9 ty USD.
Trdn eac linh vyc hpp tac khdc nhy an ninh - qudc phdng, khoa hgc - cdng nghe, gido dye vd mdi tmdng, quan he Vidt - My eung dat dugc rat nhidu thanh tyu ndi bat.
Cd thd thay, quan he Ddi tde Toan dien Viet Nam-Hoa Ky dygc ciing cd, thiie diy dang trdn da phat tridn quan he trdn ca sd ddi bdn ciing cd lgi, binh ding, tdn trgng dpc lap, chit quydn, thd chd chinh tri cua nhau.
Khdng nhiing thd, Viet Nam cd quan he ddi tdc chidn luge vdi hau het cac ddi tdc cd anh hudng quan trgng tdi van dd an ninh, nhit Id vide phi hat nhan hda Ban ddo Tridu Tien nhu Trung Qudc, Nga va Nhat Ban va dugc cac nude nay tin tudng trong vai trd trung gian dd hda giai cac van dd cda Tridu Tidn.
Trong hdi nghi thugng dinh My - Tridu ldn thir hai dugc td chirc tai Hd Ndi ttr ngdy 28 ddn 29 thang 2 nam 2019 , mac dii My va Tridu Tien khdng dat dygc thda thuan nhu mong mudn, nhtmg Viet Nam dd cho thay rd sy ddng gdp tieh cyc, dang tin eay va tidm ndng cua qudc gia nay vdi ty each Id tmng gian hda giai.
VIelnambiz, "2019 - nam phat triin sdi dong cua quan he thuong mai Vi^t - My", https://vietnambiz.vn/2019-nam- phat-trien-soi-dong-cua-quan-he-thuong-mai-viet-my- 20l91225213308569.htm.
3. Vict Nam la mo hinh phdt tridn md Trieu Tien co the tham khao trong qud trinh cai each kinh te va hpi nhap quoc te
Dd thoat khdi tinh trang kinh td tri trp hipn nay, Tridu Tidn can timg budc tidn hdnh cdi each dat nude mdt cdch todn dien vd thyc td hg dang tim tdi kidm mdt eon dudng cai each kinh td trong bdi canh bj edm v ^ . Md hinh phdt tridn "ddi mdi" thdnh cdng ciia Vidt Nam ttong nhiing nam qua se la mpt vi du hiiu ich dd Tridu Tidn hpe hdi, nit ra nhiing bdi hpc kinh nghipm, ttr do hoach djnh cdc chinh sdch phdt trien kinh td vd hpi nhap qudc td thich hpp.
Viet Nam vd Tridu Tidn cd rat nhidu ndt tuang ddng vd Ijch sir vd vdn hda, nhit la vd dja chinh tri. Trong traydn thdng Ijch sir, cd Vidt Nam vd Tridu Tidn cimg chju anh hudng sau sdc ciia tmyen thdng vdn hda Trang Hoa, vd tu tudng xd hpi chu nghTa cua phucmg Tay. Sau Chidn tranh Thd gidi thir hai, Tridu Tidn Id mdt mien chia cdt ciia dat nude thdng nhat trdn Bdn ddo Tridu Tidn gidng nhu Viet Nam timg bi chia cit ttr 1954 cho ddn tan nam 1975.
Nam 1975, Viet Nam da vugt qua cdc trd ngai d trong nude vd qudc td dd tien hdnh cdng cugc thdng nhat dit nude thing lgi, sau dd cung hi My dp dung cam van thucmg mai keo dai ddn tan ndm 1994. Trong thdi gian ndy, Viet Nam timg lam vao tinh trang tri trp khd khdn kinh td gan nhu hoan canh ciia Tridu Tidn hidn nay. Ttr ndm 1986, trong bdi canh cac nude xa hdi chii nghia Ddng Au va Lidn xd lam vdo khung hoang vd diing trade nguy CO xyp dd, Viet Nam da tim each phd thd ed lap va tien hdnh cai each kinh td bing
"Ddi mdi" vdi phuong eham phat tridn kinh
NGHIEN edu DONQ B^C 4 sd 4(230) M 0 2 0
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td thj trucmg djnh hudng xa hpi chii nghla.
Sau 30 ndm tidn hanh cdng cupc ddi mdi, Vipt Nam da dgl dugc nhirng thanh tyu quan trpng Uong cdng cupc cdng nghiep hda. hidn dgi hda dat nude.
Ve kinh te. qud trinh cdi cdch. chinh sdch md ciia vd hpi nhap qudc td tai Viet Najii trong ba thdp ky qua da mang lai nhimg thdnh tyu to Idn gdp phan ndng cao \ j the \ a tang cudrng sire mgnh cua ddt nude. Nen kinh td vdn lgc hgu, ui up nay da ud nen ndng dpng \a phdt tridn nhanh (hipn id ndn kinh Id cd toe dp phat uidn vdi tdc dp vao logi nhanh nhil uong khu \yc \i uen did gidi), muc sdng cua ngudi dan tii chd khdng dii dn ddn eho dd dupc cdi thipn rd ret va yd thdnh nude cd diu nhgp uung binh. Tir 2002 ddn 2018, hon 45 Uipu ngucri da Uioat ngheo, ti lp nghdo gidm mgnh ttr hon 70% xudng cdn dudi 6% (3,2 USD/ngdy dieo siic mua ngang gid). GDP diu ngudi tang 2,5 lan, dat trdn 2.500 USD ndm 2018.'
vi phuang difn chinh tri, Viet Nam ttr cho cd tidng ndi ydu dt udn uudng qudc td, ngdy nay dd trd thdnh mpt qudc gia cd vi thd quan trpng ddng kd trong khu vyc va trdn thd gidi. Nam 2020, Viet Nam trd thanh Chii tjch ludn phien ASEAN va Id Uy vidn Hdi ddng Bao an Lien Hpp Qudc giai dpan 2020- 2021, Vipt Nam d3 trd thanh mgt qudc gia dpc Igp va cd chu quydn todn ven lanh thd, cd vi the ngay mpt ldn manh trdn Uucmg qudc td vd khu vuc.
I e ngogi giao, Viet Nam da van ddng ttr chd bj cd ldp trdn trucmg qudc te vdo nhirng ndm 1980. den chd phd \ a thd cd lap, hinh
thdnh siic mgnh qudc gia dien bdng da
' The World Bank, T6ng quan \ e Viet Nam, https: www ^^ortdbank.org\'L'countTy/victnam/overview
vide thye hidn chinh sdch ngofu^^^ ^^^
phuong. kdt bgn xdi lat ca cac _ biet, uong mrdng hgp quan he «
Mdt Nam, da cd mpt budc "hay f ' ' rtr quan he thd dich sang cac d o ^ t a c - dien M^ dang ngay cang tra thann u quan ypng cua Viet Nam vd dau tu, thuong mai \ a ddm bao an ninh.
vS vdn hog, Viet Nam da dat dugc nhiing dianh tuu ndi bat vd vdn hda trdn eg sd tidp diu nhirng thanh tyu tidn tidn eua van hda nhdn logi dd hinh thanh ndn van hda da dang, dam bdn sdc dan too, la didm den hap ddn \'d du lich...
Vdi nhiing thdnh tyu nhu trdn, Viet Nam cd thd Id mdt md hinh gin gui nhit dd Tridu Tien cd thd tham khao, hgc tap tim ra Idi di diieh hgp vdi minh. Bdng each tdng cudng trao ddi, hgp tac vdi Tridu Tidn, Viet Nam cd thd ddng vai trd tich eye trong qua trinh cai each va hpi nhap qudc td cCia qudc gia nay,
4. Trien vong Viet Nam gop phan tich vuc vao tien trinh hoa binh trdn Ban dao Trieu Tien
Sau hon 30 nam tidn hdnh cdng cugc doi mdi, ngay nay vi thd cua Viet Nam trong khu vuc va trdn tradng qudc td dd ldn manh nhu da dd cap d trdn. Vdi vi the ehinh tri do, Viet Nam cd cd thd phdt huy vai trd cua minh tdt hon trong vide gidi quydt nhtrng van dd lidn quan den tidn trinh giai trii vii khi hat nhan vd dam bdo an ninh hda binh tren Ban ddo Tridu Tidn.
Dac biet, hidn nay chinh quydn cua Tone thdng Moon Jea-in dang tich cyc trien khai ehinh sach hudng Nam mdi (2007), trong do
16 NGHIEN e d u D O N G B ^ C A. s 6 4 ( 2 3 o 7 ^ ^ ^
Nghien cim khoa hpc
quan hp Viet Nam - Hdn Qudc dugc coi nhu cd vai trd try cdt. Vdi chinh saeh hudng Nam mdi, Hdn Qudc se cting vdi 10 nude ASEAN vd An Dp - nhiing qudc gia d phia Nam Idnh thd Han Qudc cting hgp tae, xay dyng Cpng ddng 3P - "cgng ddng tuong lai"
lay con ngudi lam trang tam (People), Hda binh (Peace) va thinh vugng (Prosperity).
Chlnh sdch hudng Nam mdi cua Han Qudc hudng tdi ngoai giao da phuang, gdn kdt cdc nude phuong Nam vdi khu vye hda binh Ddng Bde A hudng tdi xay dyng Cpng ddng trdeh nhigm Ddng Bde A Plus. ASEAN va An Dp se trd thanh mpt "true thjnh vugng mdi" trong chinh sdch hudng Nam mdi cua Chinh phu Hdn Qudc. Trong dd, trdn ndn tdng thuang mai hdng hda, khai pha thj tradng mdi, eac hoat dpng hgp tac ky thuat, van hda nghe thuat, giao luu con ngudi dugc chu trpng. Vdi vide tidp tuc lam sau rgng quan h? ddi tdc chidn luge Viet Nam - Hdn Qudc, Viet Nam se trd thdnh mdt ddi tac kinh td quan ttgng nhit eua Han Qudc, la edu ndi giOa Han Qudc va Ddng Nam A. Vipt Nam khdng chi thyc thi vai trd tdng cudng quan he Hdn Qudc - ASEAN, ma cdn cd thd hdi thuc cdc nude ASEAN cimg tang cudng lidn lae, timg budc thidt lap cdc quan he hgp tac vgi Tidu Tien, gdp phan giam cang thing trdn Ban ddo Tridu Tien.
Mdc du da dat dugc mdt s6 tidn bg, song qua frmh dam bao hda binh, dn dinh trdn Bdn ddo Trieu Tien vdn con nhieu khd khan va thdeh thirc khd ludng phia trade. Van menh, tuong lai eua Ban dao Tridu Tien phai do chinh nhan dan hai midn Tridu Tien quydt
dinh. Tuy nhidn, gdp phin tich cyc thtie day qua trinh nay cua cac qudc gia ben ngodi cOng cd y nghia rat quan trgng, nhat la trong bdi cdnh quan he Lidn Tridu vd quan he My- Tridu tidp tuc duy yi va dimg trade g hgi cdi thien tich cue hipn nay. Trgng bdi cdnh ay Viet Nam chde chdn sd Id mpt Uong sd nhiing nhdn td gdp them dgng lyc tich cyc gdp phdn thuc ddy tidn trinh hda binh bdn viing hucing tdi thdng nhit hai midn Ban ddo Tridu Tidn ttong tuong lai.
TAI L i f u THAM KHAO 1. Artyom Lukia "Canh bgc ngogi giao eia Nga yen Ban dao Tridu Tien", Nghien ciru Bien Sijng, ngdy 13/4/2018.
2. My An, "Viel Nam sin sdng ddng vai trd xay dung, kien tao hoa binh", Bdo Vietnam Economy, ngay 28/02/2019.
3. Bp Ngogi giao Vipt Nam, Thong tin ca ban vi Triiu Tien vd quan hf Vifl Nam - Trieu Tien.
4. Trdn Quang Minh, "Quan hp Vipt Nam - Tridu Tien: 65 ndm nhin lai va tridn vpng", Tgp chi Nghien ctru Bong Bde i , s6 10/2015.
5. Trin Thi Tam, "Chinh sach ciia My vdi vin dd thdng nhit Ban dao Trieu Tien", Tgp chi Khoa hoc vd Cong nghe, Trudng Dgi hpc Hue, S6 2/2014.
6. Dgvid Kim, "Denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula begins with a peace declaration". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, February 14,2019.
7. Kazuo Shiide, "Thd ky XXI, hda binh vd ttidn vpng ciia thd gidi Ddng A", Akahata Shinbun, ngdy 4/1/2019.
8. Tang Slew Mun, Hov ASEAN Supports the Korean Peninsula Peace Process, ISEAS- Yusof Ishak histitute, 2018/73,14 June 2018,
NGHIEN edu DdNG BflC it, S6 4(230) 4-2020
