KHOA HOC VA CtNG NGHE M O
_ ^ J ^
NGHIEN CUU CONG NGHE TUYEN QUANG LITI
VUNG LA V I , TINH QUANG NGAI
ThS. TRAN TH! HIEN, KS. OONG V A N DONG, TS. DAO DUY ANH - Wen Khoa hgc & Cong nghe Md-Luyen kim k j 6 trang thai kim loai hay hgp ehJit ddu ed
I nhung dac tinh quy, dugc i>ng dyng trong
• " 1 ^ nhidu ng^nh cdng nghidp cdng ngh0 cao nhu luyen kim, hang khdng vu tru, hda chat, nang lugng... Tren thd gidi chi mOt sd it nud'c cd nguon tai nguyen quang Li, dung dSu la Bolivia, Chile, Achentina, Trung Qudc, Uc... [5]. Li tdn tai chu yeu trong 2 dang md la quang rSn va tr^m tich mudi biln Cac khoang sang dang kdt tu eua muoi c6 kha nang khai thae cdng nghidp phSn bo chu yeu tai cae nudc Bolivia, Chile va Achentina; cac md quang rSn Li phSn b6 chu yeu tgi Trung Quoc, Hoa ky, Oe...
Kit qua tham dd tim kidm v^ d^nh gi^ da x^c djnh tru" lugng quang Li cua vung md La Vi tinh Quang NgSi khoang 1,5 trigu tin quang hay 15.000 t i n Li20 [1], thugc loai mo ed trO lugng qu^ng Li d muc trung binh so vdi t h i gid'i; diy \i co sd" quan trgng d l Viet Nam tham gia vdo nhdm cSc nudc ed tilm nSng phat then ng^nh cdng nghigp khai th^c, c h l biln qucing Li. D l cd thd dua md khoang san quy n^y vao khai thae, chl biln phue vy ph^t tnln dit nudc, rit d n ed su diu tu nghidn cuu v l dac tinh cua quang eung nhu cdng nghe tuyin hap ly.
Nghien cuu cong ngh$ tuyin lam giau qu|ng Li, thu hii qu^ng tinh phyc vu eho cac khau cdng ngh§
chl biln tilp theo la m6t trong nhOng nhi^m vy cua d l tai d p Nha nudc m§ s6 09/HO- DT.09.12/DMCNKK. Ndi dung nghidn cuu tgp trung
xac lap quy trinh c6ng nghe tuyen phu hgp vdi d6i tugng quang, xay dung cac dilu kign va chl do cdng nghe tuydn hgp ly nhlm nang cao tdi da ham lugng Li trong quang tmh va thu hdi triet d l khoang san chinh Li eung nhu cac khoang san cd ich di kem trong quang.
1. M l u , phu'O'ng phap, t h i l t bj nghien CLKU va phan tich
1.1. Miu nghien cwu
Mau nghien cuu cdng.nghg tuyin quang liti vung La Vi tmh Quang Ngai duge Lidn doan Dja chit Trung Trung bd va Vi^n Khoa hgc va Cdng nghe Md-Luyen kim (VIMLUKI) lap phuang an thilt k l va thi cdng lly tai md. Mlu nghien cuu gdm 11 dan mSu cd tdng khdi lugng 10 tan lly theo phuang phap hao, ranh tren cac than qugng. Mlu dugc chuyin v l Phdng Cdng nghg Tuyin khoang-VIMLUKI gia cdng lly cac loai mlu phan tich khoang tudng, thach hgc, ranghen, thanh phin hda hpc . va mlu phyc vu nghidn ci>u c6ng ngh^ tuyin
Kit qua nghien ciru thanh phin vat chit mlu da cho thiy thanh phin khoang vat qu^ng Li Quang Ngai gIm khoang vat chua Li IS lepidolit, khoang vgt di kem ehinh la thach anh, mica va fenspat...
Thanh phin hda hgc mSu quang nguyen khai neu trong Bang 1
Bing 1. Thinh phan hda hoc quang Li nguydn Thanh phSn
HSm luiyng, % LijO 0,98
TFe 0,32
khai
AI2O3 .18,38
SiOa 68,40
CaO 0,31
K2O 3,64
NazO 1,95 1.2. Phwong phip. thiet bj nghiin edu vi
phin tich
<• Sd dyng phuang phap thu th§p, phSn tich, dinh giS thdng tin ve tdng quan cong ngh0 ftjyln qu^ng liti trong v l ngoSi nudc.
• Su dyng phuang phip nghidn CLPU thyc
nghiem trong phdng d l xac dinh thSnh phin vat chit va cdng nghe tuyin hgp ly nhlm thu hdi quang tinh lltl.
• Cdng tac nghien cuu cdng nghg tuyin dugc thgc hidn tai Phdng Cdng ngh$ Tuyin khocing- VIMLUKI, tren d c thilt bj nhu: mSy d$p him, miy
CfiNGNGHllPMOSliS-ZOU
I^l_ KHOA HOC VA C O N G NGHE MO
dap true, sang rung, bd ray tieu chuan, may nghien bi, may khuly thudc tuyen, may tuydn noi {Denver, Mekhanobr).
• Phan tich mau qugng va cac mau cdng nghe dugc thuc hien tai Vien Khoa hgc Dia chit va Khoang san; Trung tam Phan tich Hda ly-VIMLUKI;
Trung tam Phan tich va Thi nghiem Dia chit, trdn cae he thilt bi AAS, ICP, X-Ray.
2. K i t qua nghien ciru va thao luan Kit qua nghien ciru mau quang nguyen khai da eho thiy, thanh phin khoang chO'a Li (lepidolit) va cac khoang di kem thude nhdm alumosilicat ed tinh chit vat ly tuang tu nhau.
Do vay, cdng nghe tuyin quang liti vung La Vi tmh Quang Ngai la cdng nghe tuyin ndi tach khoang mica ehua Li ra khdi cac khoang di kem nhu thgch anh, fenspat [2, 3, 4]. Sa dd nguyen ly tuyin quang Li La Vi Quang Ngai neu d- H.l.
Theo sa dd nguyen ly nay, quang nguyen khai dugc dua nghiin d i n dd hat giai phdng lien k i t giua khoang chua Li, eac khoang di kem va tap chit sau do dl vao kh§u tuyin ndt chinh. Quang tinh tuyin chinh dugc tuyin tinh d l lly ra quang tinh Li dap ung yeu clu cho khau chl biln tilp theo; qu^ng dudi tuyin chinh duae tuyin vet d l thu hdi tdi da khoang chua Li trudc khi thai, quang trung gian tuyin tinh va quang tinh tuyin vet duoc quay vdng lai khau tuyin ehinh.
Quang flau
hgp 400 g/t; khuly t i l p xuc thudc tgp hgp 3 phut; tuyin n l i trong 5 phut, sau dd thay ddi gid trj y i u td khao s^t trong khi cd dinh nh&ng yiu to khac. Kit qua thi nghiem bilu dien sy tuang quan giQ'a tung y i u t l anh hud'ng chinh din hieu suit tuyin {thdng qua cac ch? sd mue thu hoaeh y, ham lugng p vi ti le thyc thu e) dugc lap thanh dd thj tren eSc hinh 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (cac thi nghiem thuc hien vd'i 1 l l n tuyin).
Kit qua thi nghiem khao sat anh hud'ng cua dO mjn nghiin d i n hieu suit tuyin ndi qugng Li tren Hinh 2 cho thly,khi t§ng dd min nghiin, muc dO • giai phdng khoang chua Li ra khoi tgp chit tdng len, tl le thu hogch qugng tinh va thuc thu Li20 tang. Tuy nhien, khi nghiin qua mjn thi anh hudng cua mun quang sinh ra trong quS trinh nghiin 1^1 anh hud'ng tieu cue tdi cSc chi sd cdng nghe. Do dd, do hat phu hgp nhit dua vSo tuyin noi la nghiin din 83,12 % dp-0,074 mm.
T
f c 5 ) Nghien
i
Tuyen noi chinn
Tuyen tmh Tuyen vet
.'
Quang tmh Quang thai
H. 1. So S nguyen ly tuyin ndi quang U Quang Ngai Cae yiu td ehinh anh hudng d i n hieu qua cua qua trinh tuyin ndi quSng Li g6m- dd hat quang dua tuyin; pH mdi trudng tuyin, ning dd bun qugng (ti le rin/ldng); chi phi va thdi gian khuly tilp xue eae loai thudc tuyin; thd'i gian tuyin ndi.
Nghien cuu cdng nghe tuyin da khao sat anh hud'ng eua eac yiu td neu tren d i n higu qua tuyin ndi quing Li theo phuang phSp lua ehgn dilu kien CO so- nhu. pH=3; ti Ig R/L=30 %; chi phi thuoc tap
Do min iigluen 0 074iiini C-L.!
H.2. Anh hudng cua dd min nghien den hieu suit tuyen ndi
H.3. Anh hudng cua pH din hieu suit tuyin nii CONG NGHIEP MO SO 5 - 2 0 1 3
. CSNG NGHE MO
_ ^ ^
SD
i 1
1
P
((I
mi.. _—-—*• c •
„„
i^ni L- •*
i.'i_JL_ •'«
- _ « ! « jsjt
.5>4 4 l j l l
' 26 > IS
157 ? i ! 7 9194
4'i_,.IL
H.4. /\n/j hudng cua tile R/L din hieu suit tuyen ndi
100 200 .100 400 .'00 000 "00 Chl plii tliiioc lap li9f), 3^1
H. 5. Anh hudng cua mirc chi phi thuoc tap hop den hieu suit tuyen ndi
H, 6. Anh hudng cua thdi gian khuay tiep xuc thuoc tap hop den hieu suat tuyin ndi
Tlicn 21.111 lii\"eii mil Ijiliiit i
H. 7. Anh hudng cua thdi gian tuySn noi den hieu suat tuyin
Hinh H.3 bilu dien mdi tuong quan giiua muc pH mdi trudng tuyin vd hidu suit qu§ trinh tuyin nil Kit qua cho thiy d6 pH phii hgp nhit chp tuyin nli quang Li Quang Ngai la tu 3 din 4. O"
muc pH nay, tJ le thu hogch qu|ng tinh dat 37^38
% va thyc thu kim loai dat 89-r-90 %,
Tf le rin/ldng (R/L) hay ning do pha rin trong bim quang tuyin noi la mgt trong cac yiu td anh hudng tryc tiep tdi hi^u suit tuyin, trong ky thu^t tuyen ndi, cac ch? tieu cdng nghg thudng dat cao han d' ti le R/L thip do kha nang b^m dinh thuoe tuyin eua hgt khoang va qua trinh d^ng hge trong bun tuyen diln ra thuan lai ban. Tuy nhidn, ti Ig R/L lien quan true tilp din nang suit tuyin noi, do dd vigc lua chgn ti Ig R/L dam bao can blng giu'a yiu to ky thugt va nang suit se quyet djnh higu qua san xuit. Vdi tieu chi nhu vay, dya tren kit qua thi nghigm neu tren hinh H.4, da lua chon ti Ig R/L eho tuyin ndi quang Li Quang Ngai Id 30 %.
Thudc tap hgp la tac nhan quyit dinh kha nang noi eua khoang vat d n thu hoi, xae djnh mue ehi phi thudc tap hgp phii hgp vdi dli tugng qucing d n tuyin khdng chl giup dgt dugc ede chi tieu ky thuat cao ma edn lam tang tinh higu qua cua qua trinh tuyin. C§n CLF tren sd lieu thi nghigm t h i hign thdng qua dd thj hinh H.5 thiy ring miee ehi phi thude tap hap 500 g/t \i phu hgp nhit eho tuyin nil quang Li Quang Ngai. 0 muc chi phi nay, thu hogch va thyc thu qugng tinh Li lln lugt dgt 37,05
%va91,29%.
Thd'i gian khuly tilp xue tdi uu \i thdi gian du d l thudc tuyin hip phu hoan toan tren b l m$t hgt khoang, khi thdi gian khuay khong du thi nhilu hgt khoang khdng hap phy du thuoc de di vao phin ndi hay chim. thd'i gian khuay tilp xuc ddi thi anh
CONG NGHIEP MO SO 5 - 2 0 1 3
jn[_ KHOA HOC VA G O N G NGHE M O
hud'ng den nang suat cua khdu tuyen Do dd thdi gian khuly tilp xuc tdi uu Id thdi gian can blng giLJa chl tidu ky thuat va kinh t l D6 thj hinh H.6 cho thiy khoang thdi gian tir 3-^5 phut la thd'i gian khuly tilp xuc phti hgp d l quang Li hip phu du thudc tap hgp; tang thd'i gian khuly len hidu suit tuyin tang khdng dang k l .
D6 thj H 7 eho thiy thd'i gian tuyin ndi vd'i mau quang Li Quang Ngai d muc 5-8 phCit la hgp ly; d khoang thdi gian nay, 90-91 % Li ed trong quang nguyen khai da di vao san phim qugng tinh tuyin ndi. Tang them thdi gian tuyin n i l thi mu'c tang ti Ig thu h6i Li khong dang k l ma Igi lam giam nang suit khau tuyin. Do do, th6'i gian tuyin ndi hgp ly lua chon cho d l i tuang quang Li Quang Ngai la 5-8 phCit.
Vdi eae dilu kien va c h l dp tuyin da xac lap, tiln hanh thi nghiem tuyin vd'i khdi lugng mdu Id'n d quy md (pilot) c6 nang suit 100 kg/h tren day chuyin tuyin khep kin d l kilm tra su dn djnh eua quy trinh edng nghe. Thi nghigm thyc hien theo sa dd nguyen ly H 1 vd'i 3 lln tuyin tinh, kit qua duac trinh bay trong Bang 2.
Bang 2. Kit qua tuyin quang Li Quang Ngat theo cac diiu kien va chi do tuyin toi uu
j Ten san phim Quang tinh Lltl Quang thai Quang cip
Thu hoach, %
22,97 77,03 100,00
Ham lu'ang LbO, %
4,03 0,17 1,057
Thu'C thu LiiO, %
87,61 12,39 100,00 Kit qua thi nghiem trong Bang 2 cho thi;/: Quy trinh cdng nghd vd cdc dilu kien, c h l dd tuyin lua chgn hoat ddng dn djnh, san pham quang tmh Li sau 3 lln tuyin tinh dat 4,03 % LiaO vdi muc thuc thu L12O khau tuyin khoang dat 87,61 %.
4. K i t luan va k i l n nghj
O quy md phdng thi nghiem cung nhu pilot da nghien ciiu thdnh cdng quy trinh cong nghe tuyin qu§ng Li vimg La Vi-Quang Ngai, xac Igp duoc cac dilu kien va c h l dd tuyin nli t l i uu eho d l i tuang qugng nay Quy trinh c6ng nghe tuyin boat dong I n djnh, khing dinh phuang phap tuyin nli phu hgp va CO hieu qua ddi vdi d l i tuang qugng Li vting La Vi tinh Quang Ngai.
Vd'i cae dilu kign va c h l dd tuyin toi uu duge xde ldp qua thyc nghidm nhu: dg mjn nghiin 83,12 % eap-0,074 mm; pH=3M; ti i§
R/L=30 %; chi phi thudc tdp hap 500 g/t; thdi gian khuly t i l p xOc thulc tap hgp va thd'i gian tuyin n l i l l n lugt Id 3-^5 vd 5-;-8 phut. O cdc dilu kien tuyin nhu vgy, quang tinh Li nhgn dugc eo hdm lugng Li20 la 4,03 % vai thyc thu Id 87,61
%. Quang thai cd hdm lugng Li2O=0,17 % vdi phan b l Li20 la 12,39 %.
Cdn thuc hien cdc nghidn cij-u d* quy mo ldn va chi tilt han d l dam bao tinh kha thi khi ung dyng cdng nghg vao san xuit •
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Mai Kim Vinh va nnk (2003). Phdt hien khoang san thilc va kim loai hilm (lithium, beryllium) tai viing Ding Ram-La Vi. Lien doan Ban ddDia chit Miln Nam.
2. Nguyin Van Hanh vd nnk (2009). Bao cdo kit qua nghien cu'u mdu ky thugt tuyin liti vimg La Vi, tinh Quang Ngai. Vien Khoa hgc Vdt lieu.
3 Bulatovic. S. M (2007). Handbook of flotation Reagents Elsevier.
4. Cho M. S (1961). Floatation test on tiie lepidolite ore from Ulchin mine, Kangvt/ondo. Geol.
Survey Korea, Tech paper 1961 (3). pp 302-303.
(1961).
5. Tahil. W (2007). Implications of future PHEV production for Lithium demand. Meridian International Research.
Ngwoi bien tap: Tran Van Trach
Lithium (Li) is the newly discovered mineral, exploration and evaluation of i reserves in La Vi region, Quang Ngai province. Study the technology of mineral processing in order to establish a reasonable process as well as technological conditions for processing Li ore of La Vi mine is one of the important tasks of the state subjects "Study the technology for Li ore processing and producing Li compounds from Li ore in La Vi region, Quang Ngai province". This report presents the data obtained from studying the Li ore processing by surveying the factors affecting the Li ore process and based on the obtained data, establishing the process and optimal conditions for enrichment Li ore in La Vi region, Quang Ngai province.
CONG HGKl£P M O so 5 - 2013