Ngo Thi Kim Cue va Nguyen Van Ba {2019). Danh gia da dang di truyen ciia quan the ga Lac Son bang chi thi microsatellite- Tap chi KHNN Viet Nam, 17(2): 117-25.
FAO (2007). Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources and the Interlaken Declaration Rome.http //
www.fao.org/ ag/againfo/programmes/en/genetics/
documents/Interlaken/G PA_en. pdf),
Fathi M.M., I. Al-Homidan, M.I. Motawei, O.K. Abou- Emera and M.F. El-Zarei (2017) Evaluation of genetic diversity of Saudi native chicken populations using microsatelhte markers, PouL Sci, 96: 530-36.
Granevitze Z., Hillel J., Chen G.H., Cue N.T.K., Feldman M., Eding H. and Weigend S. (2007) Genetic diversity withm chicken populations from different continents and management histories. Am. Genet, 38 576-83.
Habimana R„ Okeno T.O., Ngeno K., Mboumba S., Assami P., Gbotto A.A., Keambou CT., Nishimwe K., Mahoro J. and Yao N. (2020). Genetic diversity and population structure of indigenous chicken m Rwanda using microsatellite markers. PLoS One 15(4) e0225084.
Jombart T. and Caitlm Collins (2015). A tutonal for Discriminant Analysis of Prmcipal Components (DAPC) using adegenet 2.0.0 (http;//adegenet r-forge r- pro|ect.org/files/tu torial-dapc.pdf).
Nguyen Khac Khanh (2015) Dac diem di tmyen va kha nang san xua't ciia ga nhieu ngon. Luan van thac sy nong nghiep Hpc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam Lyimo CM., A. Weigend P.L., Msoffe H., Eding H., Simianer and Weigend S. (2014), Global diversity and genetic contnbutions of chicken populations from African, Asian and European regions Ani. Genet, 45 836-48
Nei M. (1972). Genetic distance between populations Am Nat Pp 283-92
15. Okumu O.N., Ngeranwa J.J.N., Binepal Y.S., Kahi A.K., Bramwel W.W., Ateya L.O. and Wekesa F.C.
(2017). Genetic diversity of indigenous chickens from s elected areas in Kenya using microsatellite markers ] Genet Eng Biot., 15(2): 489-95.
16. Pham L., Do D.N., Nam L., Van Ba N., Minh L., Hoan T., Cuong V. and Kadarmideen H. (2014). Molecular genetic diversit)' and genetic structure of V letnamese indigenous pig populations J Ani Bre. Genet., 131, 379-86.
17. Pham L.D., Do D.N., Binh N.T., Van Ba N., Thuy T.T.T., Hoan T.X., Cuong V.C. and Kadannideen H.N.
(2033b). Assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Vietnamese mdigenous cattle populations by microsatelhtes. Liv Sci, 155 17-22.
18. Pham M., Berfhouly-Salazar C, Tran X., Chang W., Crooiimans R., Lin D., Hoang V., Lee Y., Tixier- Boichard M. and Chen C. (2013a), Genetic diversity of V ietnamese domestic chicken populations as decision- making support for conservation strategies Ani Genet., 44. 509-21.
19. Qu L., Li X., Xu G., Chen K., Yang H., Zhang L., Wu G., Hou Z., Xu G. and Yang N. (2006). Evaluation of genehc diversity in Chmese indigenous chicken breeds using microsatellite markers Sci China C Life Sd., 49(4), 332-41.
20. Raymond M. and Rousset E (1995). GENEPOP a populahon genetics software for exact tests and ecumemcism, J. Heredity, 86 248-59
zi. Weir B.S. and Cockerham CC. (1984). Estimahng F-statistics for the analysis of populations structure, Evoluhon, 38 1358-70
22. Wright S. (1984). Evoluhon and the genetics of populations, 4: vanabihty within and among natural populations University of Chicago press
KHOI Ll/ONG VA MOT SO CHIEU DO CO THE CUA GA NHAN CHAN XANH NUOI THA VUON TLT 0 DEN 20 TUAN TUOI
Nguyen Huy Twang', Nguyen Tuyet Giang^, Huynh Thi Phuang Loan^, Nguyen Thi Nggc Lin¥ va Do Vo Anh Khoc^*
Ngay nhan bai bao: 12/02/2020 - Ngay nhan bai phan bien: 25/03/2020 Ngay bai bao dtrgc chap nhan dang: 17/04/2020
TOM
T A TNghien ciiu nay d u o c thyc hien de xac dinh khoi luong, cac dac diem hinh thai ciia ga N h a n Chan Xanh (NCX), d o n g thoi p h a n rich moi t u o n g quan giiia khoi l u o n g co the va cac dac diem hinh thai. Ke't qua nghien c u u 60 ca the ga NCX (30 trong va 30 mai) tu 0 den 20 tuan tuoi cho thay:
(i) Khoi lirgng va kich thuoc cac chieu d o co the ga NCX tang tuyen tinh theo d o tuoi va 6 thoi diem ' Truong Cao dang Cong dong Vinh Long
- Truong Dai hoc An Giang, Dai hpc Quoc Gia TP HCM ' TtTTOTLg Dai hoc Can Tho
' Trucmg Dai hoc Nong lam Thai Nguyen
* Tac gia hen he: PCS TS. Do Vo Anh Khoa, Tnrang Dai hpc Nong Lam Thai Nguyen DT: 0918026653 Email dvakhoaCngmail com
KHKT Chdn nuoi so 257- thdng 6 ndm 2020
DI TRUYEN - GIONG VATNLJMi
20 tuan, khoi l u o n g ga trong cao h o n ga mai, t u o n g d u o n g 2.147,20 va 1.742,70g; (ii) Khoi luong co the ty le t h u a n vdi h a u het cac chieu d o ciia ga NCX (P<0,05), tuy rJiien, m u c do t u o n g quan khac nhau tiiy thugc vao dp tuoi va chi tie't cac chieu do. He so tuong quan cao nha't d u g c xac dinh o20 tuan tuoi, giira khoi l u o n g va dai diii, vcd r=0,95 (P<0,001). Viec khai thac cac dac diem hinh thai hpc ciia nhom ga nay co the giiip nguoi chan nuoi danh gia su phat trien ciia dan, tii' do co che do cham soc nuoi d u o n g phii h g p voi tirng giai d o a n sinh truong va phat trien cua ga Ngiiien cuu nay dong thoi la co so cho cong tac bao ton va n h a n giong ga NCX 6 Vi^t Nam.
Ttr khoa: Chieii do co the, ga Nhan Chan Xanh, he so htang quan, khoi iifong.
ABSTRACT
Live weight a n d b o d y dimensions of N h a n Chan Xanh chickens from 0 to 20 weeks old raised u n d e r backyard system
This study was conducted to measure body weight and morphometric traits of Nhan Chan Xanh chickens as well as to determine the correlation between body weight and morphometric traits m backyard. The study obtamed 60 chickens (30 males and 30 females) from 0 to 20 weeks of age. The results showed that (i) Live weight and body dimensions of the N h a n Chan Xanh chickens increase bnearly with aging and at 20 weeks, the weight of the males was higher than that the females, correspondmg to 2,147.20 and l,742.70g, respechveiy; (ii) Live weight was positively correlated with most of the dimensions, however, the correlation coefficient vaned depending on time points of age and details of the dimensions. The highest correlation coefficient was determined w h e n birds aged at 20 weeks, between live weight and thigh length, with r=0.95 (P<0.001) Exploiting the morphological characteristics of Nhan Chan Xanh chickens can help farmers assess the development of the flock to have a feeding strategy relevant for each stage of bird's growth. This research is also the basis for the conservation and breeding programs of the N h a n Chan Xanh chickens m Vietnam.
Keywords; Correlation coefficient, live weight, morphometric traits, Nhan Chan Xanh chickens.
1.BATVANDE
G a b a n d i a d u o c b i e t de'n v o i k h a n a n g s a n xua't tha'p v a t n i n g n h o . T u y n h i e n , c h u n g t h i c h n g h i tot v o i cac d i e u k i e n m o i t r u o n g k h a c n g h i e t va d i e u k i e n n u o i d u o n g tai d i a p h u o T i g . M o t s o g i o n g ga d u g c u a c h u o n g s u d v m g c h o cac m u c d i c h t o n g i a o , h o a t d o n g v a n h o a v a giai tri v a co t h e d u o c k h a i t h a c d e x o a d o i g i a m n g h e o a n o n g t h o n ( P a d h i , 2016).
T h i t g a b a n d i a d u o c n g u o i h e u d i m g d a n h gia CO h u o n g v i d a m d a , s a n c h a c , it c h a t b e o v a g l a u c h a t d i n h d u o n g ( J a t u r a s i t h a va ctv, 2016, S o k o t o w i c z v a ctv, 2016) la n h i i n g d a c d i e m c a n d u g c d u y tri v a cai t h i e n . Tir d o , v i e c c h a n n u o i ga b a n d i a d o n g vai t r o rat q u a n t r o n g , c u n g c a p n g u o n p r o t e i n cd c h a t l u g n g c a o tir thit, t r i i n g v a la m o t n g u o n t h u n h a p h o t r o c u o c s o n g ciia cac h p gia d i n h n o n g t h o n . G a b a n d i a s o h m i n g u o n g e n k h a c biet a n h h u o n g d a n g k e de'n t i e m n a n g s a n xua't, k h a n a n g s o n g sot v a t h i c h n g h i ciia c h i i n g , d o d o
cac g i o n g ga b a n d i a d u g c x e m la nhung vat h e u di t r u y e n co gia tri. Q u a t r i n h cong nghiep h o a va t o a n cau h o a tir t h e k y 20 da thiic day s u p h a t t r i e n c u a n g a n h c h a n nuoi. Cac bien t h e di t r u y e n , la ke't q u a ciia viec thuan hoa, c h o n loc v a n h a n g i o n g , t r o nen phong phu v e chiing Ioai va so' l u g n g (Khobondo va ctv, 2005; Y a d a v v a ctv, 2017). T u y nhien, day cung la n g u y e n n h a n d a n de'n t i n h trang suy giam chat l u g n g v a so' l u o n g n g u o n tai nguyen di t r u y e n , d o n g t h a i l a m t h a y doi hoac bien mat h o a n t o a n m o t so t i n h t r a n g d a c trung ciia cac g i o n g ga b a n dia (Singh, 2009)
Dieu n a y c h o tha'y viec m o ta cac dac diem ciia cac g i o n g ga b a n d i a se giup d a n h gia n g u o n g e n c u a c h i m g h-ong cong tac cai thien va c h p n lpc g i o n g . Ga N h a n Chan Xanh (NCX) la n h o m ga b a n dia d u g c nuoi lau d o i 6 Viet N a m , d a c b i e t la v i m g d o n g b a n g s o n g Cim L o n g . C h i i n g t h u g c n h o m ga Noi, d a c trung b o i b o l o n g co m a u t r a n g o n g m u p t va chan co
KHKT Chdn nuoi so 257 - thdng 6 ndm 2020
mau xanh (Nguyin Tuyet Giang va ctv, 2018;
Nguyen Tuye't Giang va Nguyen HiJ^i Khanh, 2019). Ga NCX co sire khoe tot, it benh tat va chiu duoc khi hau khac nghiet, thich nghi to't voi dieu kien tu nhien a dong bang song CUII Long. Tuong tu nhu cac gio'ng ga ban dia khac, thong qua ky thuat chpn Igc va di truyen (Pym, 2010), ga NCX co tiem nang h:6 thanh ga huong thit, huong trung va hu'ong kiem dung. Nghien ciiu nay dugc thuc hien de xac dinh khoi lugng va mgt so chieu do co the cua ga NCX tai Viet Nam.
2. VAT LIEU VA PHlAmfi PHAP
Nghien cuu dupc tie'n hanh tir thang 7/2018 de'n thang 2/2019 tai nong hg thugc huyen Tra On, tinh Vinh Long tren 60 con ga NCX (30 tro'ng va 30 mai). Trong giai doan 0-4 ngay tuoi, ga NCX dupc nuoi nho't tap trung voi mat do 10 con/m' va cho an tu do thiic an hon hgp co 19% dam tho va 3.050 Kcal/kg nang luong trao doi. Sau do ga dugc tha ra vuon trong dita, chuo'i, buoi ke't hgp voi rao luoi bao xung quanh, dien tich tha nuoi 4 m7 con, Giai doan 4-10 tuan tuoi, ga dugc cho an thuc an hon hgp chiia 18% dam tho va 3.150 Kcal/kg nang lugng trao doi. Giai doan 10-20 tuan tuoi, ga chi duoc cho an liia. Trong qua trinh thi nghiem, ga duoc tiem phong theo huong dan ciia Chi cue Chan nuoi va Thii y VTnh Long. Cac chi tieu khao sat gom:
Kh6"i iuyng: can tirng ca the vao buoi sang truoc khi cho ga an, tai cac thai diem 1 ngay tuoi, 4, 8, 12, 16 va 20 tuan tuoi (g/con) bang can dien hi co do chinh xac 0,01g (ga duoi 12 tuan tuoi) hoac can dong ho 2 va 5kg (ga tren 12 tuan tuoi).
Kich thuac cdc chieu do co the: Dai mo (DM), dai than (DT), dai co (Deo), dai luon (DL), dai canh (DC), sau ngu'c (SN), dai diii (D), cao chan (CC), vong chan (VC) du'gc do bang thuoc day va thugc kep Panme theo phuong phap mo ta ciia Biii Hihj Doan va ctv (2011) tai cac thoi diem 1 ngay, 4, 8,12,16 va 20 tuan tuoi.
So'lieu tho dugc xir ly sobp bang Microsoft Excel 2013, sau do tie'n hanh phan tich thong ke mo ta va phan tich phuong sai (ANOVA)
theo mo hinh tuye'n tinh long quat (GLM) tren phan mem Minitab 16.1.0. Khi phep thii F (Fisher's test) co y nghia tho'ng ke (P<0,05) thi dimg phep thii Tukey de so sanh su khac biet ciia cac cap nghiem thiic.
3 . KET QUA
3.1. Khoi lugng va chieu do trung binh theo quan the
Sinh truong la tie'n trinh tang so' luong va kho'i luong te bao, la qua trinh sinh ly phirc tap keo dai tir thu thai de'n truong thanh. Sinh truong cua bat ky thanh phan nao la ke't qua tuong tac giiia tiem nang di truyen va moi truong. Sinh truong co the vat nuoi co the dugc danh gia thong qua thanh phan co the nhu khoi luong song va cac chieu do ca the (Wolanski va ctv, 2006; Saatci va Tilki, 2007).
Khoi luong CO the (KL) la chi so' quan trgng a vat nuoi, no khong chi danh gia siic sinh truong va hieu qua su dung thiic an ma con gop phan dua ra cac quye't dinh ve kinh te'.
Trong nghien ciiu nay co the thay rang KL va kich thuac (KT) cac chieu do ca the ga NCX tang tuye'n tinh theo tuoi (Bang 1). Dieu nay hoan toan phii hgp voi dac diem sinh hpc binh thuang cua mot co the so'ng trong giai doan moi no de'n truong thanh. Tai thoi diem moi no 1 ngay tuoi, NCX co KL la 35,08g, cao hon ga Nhieu Ngon la 27,98g (Nguyen Hoang Thinli va ctv, 2016), ga H'Mong 32,75 g (Nguyen Hoang Thinh va ctv, 2017), ga Lien Minh 30,05g (Tran Thi Binh Nguyen va ctv, 2017), hay ga Aseel 28,9g (Rajkumar va ctv, 2017). Thong thuang, KL ga moi no co lien quan de'n kich co va KL trung dem ap. Den thai diem 4 va 8 tuan hioi, KL ga NCX dat trung binh lan luat la 133,22 va 562,50g, tha'p hon ga Lien Mmh (269,27 va 772,22g; Tran Thi Binh Nguyen va ctv, 2017); ga H'Mong (290,60 va 685,02g, Nguyen Hoang Thmh va ctv, 2017) va ga Nhieu Ngon (270,60 va 643,23g; Nguyen Hoang Thinh va ctv, 2016). Dieu nay co the la do dac diem di truyen ciia giong, ciing nhu su khac nhau giiia phuong thii'c nuoi va che do dinh duong. Tuong tu' nhu thai diem tiep theo 12, 16 va 20 hjan tuoi, KL ga NCX ciing
KHKT Chdn nuoi so 257 - thdng 6 ndm 2020
DI TRUYEN - GIONG VAim^iii
thap hon cac giong ga ban dia khac trong nuoc 2017). Su Idiac biet nay co the do KL chii )*"
(ga Nhieu Ngon, Ri va H'Mong), tuy nhien , , . , , . .... _,. ^ „ .,„iA-„, cao hon ga Aseel (982,5 vs 821,2g; 1.373,2 vs P*"" * " ° ' ' " ' ° "^"^ * ™ ' ' ' ^^"^ ^ 1.122,5g; 1.944,9 vs 1.840g; Rajkumar va ctv, vache dp cham soc nuoi duong.
Bang 1. Khoi luong va mpt so chieu do ca the cua ga NCX a cac thai diem (Mean+SD)
C h i t i e u K h o i l u ' o n g , g D a i t h a n , c m D a l CO, a n D a i m o , c m D a i luOT, c m D a i c a n h , c m D a i d i l l , c m S a u n g u c , c m C a o c h a n , c m V o n g c h a n , c m
35,08±6,31 5,15+0,62 2 , 8 7 ± a i 8 0,56±0,09 1,76±0,37 4,94±0,29 3,87±0,30 1,17±0,13 1,80±0,24 1,09±0,47
T u a n 4 133,22±8,11
7,86+0,72 4,97±0,24 D,99±0,20 4,49±0,83 8,13±0,79 7,51±1,05 3,80+0,29 2,98+fl,49 1,91+0,15
562,50±73,15 13,89±0,77 8,75±0,44 1,28+0,18 6,28±0,36 13,79+0,35 12,56±0,80 4,69+fl,42 4,80+0,22 3,08±0,18
T u a n 1 2 982,50±133,20
19,22+1,40 13,34+1,04 1,41+0,17 n , 6 6 ± l , 9 8 20,46±1,52 17,92+0,64 6,90+0,35 7,20+0,64 4,07±0,11
1.373,30+216,70 i9,71±2,62 I 6 , 3 5 ± I , 5 2 1,72+0,15 11,86+1,62 19,79±1,86 18,59±2,29 8,02+0,74 7,42+0,48 4,07+0,27
^ _ J u % 2 0 _ _ 1 944,90±3[I4,HU 20,10±174 16,78±!.67 1,73+0,15 11,95±1,65 23,12±1,90 21,09±2,55 I0,68±],22 9,47+0,95 5,12±0,28
Kich thuac cac chieu do co the co moi quan he voi cac chi tieu ve nang suat oia gia cam. No ciing phan anh dac diem sinh hgc cua gio'ng/loai. Thong qua cac chieu do ca the, ngu'ai chan nuoi co the danh gia su phat trien cua dan/chuan giong o tirng giai doan cu the, tir do CO chuong trinh cham soc nuoi duong phii hgp voi tirng giai doan sinh truong va phat trien ciia ga. Ke't qua nghien ciiu cho thay, nhin chung cac chieu do co the ga NCX tang dan theo giai doan tuoi. Co the thay co su khac biet ro ve kho'i lugng va cac chieu do qua 3 giai doan 0-4, 6-12 va 16-20 tuan tuoi. Su phat trien cac chieu do cung dong nghia voi to'c do phat trien khung xuong ciia ga.
3.2. Khoi lugng va chieu do trung binh theo giai tinh
O goc dp gioi tinh, ga tro'ng luon co KL cao hon ga mai tai cimg thai diem (Bang 2).
Liic 16 tuan tuoi, KL ga NCX hong (1.534,10 vs 1.978,68g) va mai (1.212,40 vs 1.462,68g) tha'p hon ga Lien Minh (Tran Thi Binh Nguyen va ctv, 2017). Tai thoi diem luc 20 tuan tuoi, KL ga h-ong NCX dat 2.147,20g va ga mai dat 1.742,70g (P<0,05), tuong duong voi ga Noi nuoi tha vuon (Nguyen Tien Dung, 2013; Tran Thanh Sang, 2013), tha'p hon ga Chpi (trong 2.840g va mai 2.450g), nhung cao hon ga Aseel (trong 1.840,9g va mai 1.381,4g) (Rajkumar va ctv, 2017). Ayorinde va Oke (1995) cho rang su thay doi KL trong cimg mot dan co the do boi
bien doi di truyen va cac yeu to' moi truong anh huong de'n tirng ca the. Tuy nhien, sy khac biet giiia gioi tinh va dieu nay ciing nam trong qui luat di truyen ciia gia cam, con hong luon CO KL Ion hon con mai.
6 tuan tuoi thii 4, KL va KT cac chieu do giiia ga trong va ga mai khong co su khac biet (P>0,05), mac dii con trong co khuynh hudng cao hon con mai (Bang 2). Bat dau tir tuan 8 trd di, KL con trong luon cao hon con mai (P<0,05).
Tai tuan tuoi thii 8, ngoai trir dai canh, cac chi so' do con lai deu co su khac biet giiia hai giai tinh (P<0,05) va con trong luon co so do Ion hon con mai. Tir tuan tuoi thii 12 bat dau co su phan biet ve dai co, dai mo va dai luon giua con trong va con mai (P<0,05). Con tro'ng bit dau vam vo hon tu thoi diem nay. Tai tuan tuoi thii 16, CO va luon con trong tiep tuc phat trien chieu dai, cpng them su phat trien manh hon cua dai than, dai canh, dai diii, sau nguc va vong chan so vdi con mai (P<0,05), Day la nhiing chi so' chinh gop phan cho khoi lugng oia con tro'ng cao hon con mai. Tai tuan tuoi thii 20, ngoai trir dai mo va vong chan khong CO su khac biet giiia trong va mai (P>0,05), cac chi so khac ciia con trong deu cao hon con mai (P<0,05). Nhiing nghien cuu trudc cung cho thay cpn trong luon cd KL va KT cao han ga mai qua cac giai doan tudi (Gueye va ctv, i.998' Msoffe va ctv, 2001; Olawunmi va ctv, 2008- Semakula va ctv, 2011; Alabi va ctv, 2012). Day ciing la dac diem chung ciia loai gia cam
KHKT Chdn nuoi so 257 - thdng 6 nam 2020
Bang 2. Khoi lugng va mpt so chieu do ca the ciia ga NCX a cac thdi diein theo gidi tinh
Chi tieu Kl.
UI DCo DM Dl UC DD SN CC VC
Tronfi 135,07 7,90 4,98 1,03 4,60 8,28 7,62 3,84 2,91 1,89
Tuan 4 Mai 131,37
7,82 4,95 0,95 4.38 7,97 7,39 3,76 3,04 1,94
SEM P Tronc Tuai Mai
18 SEM P 1,45 0,08 607,67 517,33 10,54 0,00 0,13 0,69 14,37 0.05 0,57 8,96 0.03 0,08 1,43 0,15 0,31 6,51 0,14 0,13 13,84 0,19 0,41 12.96 0,05 0,34 5,01 0.09 0,30 4,89 0,03 0,19 3,14
13,41 8,53 1,14 6,05 13,73 12,15 4,37 4.72 3.01
0,11 0,00 0.07 0,00 0,02 0,00 0,05 0,00 0,06 0,21 0,13 0,00 0,05 0,00 0,04 0,01 0,03 0,01
Trong Tuan 12
Mai SEM P Trong Tuan 16
Mai SEM P Trone
Tuan 20 Mai SEM P 1.048,67 916.33 21,230,001534.101.212,4026,47 0,00 2147,201.742,7041.70 0,00
19.51 13.80 1,50 12,76 20,03 17,95 6,92 7,21 4.06
18,93 0.25 0,11 20,56 12,89 0.17 0.00 17,43 1.31 0.03 0.00 1,74 11.98 0,31 0,00 12,26 20.39 0,28 0,74 20,53 17,89 0,12 0,74 19,24 6,87 0,06 0,61 8,32 7,19 0,12 0,92 7,50 4,06 0,02 0,57 4,17
18,85 15.27 1,71 11.06 19.04 17.94 7,73 7,34 3,96
0,46 0,01 0,19 0,00 0,03 0,39 0,28 0,01 0,31 0,01 0,40 0.03 0,12 0.01 0,09 0,19 0,04 0,01
21,12 17,47 1,73 12,68 23,77 22,87 11.31 10.09 5,15
19,07 16,07 1,72 11.23 22.46 19,31 10,05 8.84 5.09
0,26 0.00 0,28 0,01 0,03 0,87 0.27 0,00 0.33 0.01 0,33 0,00 0,19 0,00 0,13 0,00 0,05 0,37
3.3. Tuong quan giua khoi lugng va cac chieu do
Cac nghien cuu cho thay KL va cac so' do hinh thai hpc tren co the gia cam la nhiing chi tieu quan trgng cho bie't tinh trang siic khoe, nang suat tang truong va du doan gia tri than thit aia gia cam. Trong do, dai co, dai diii, dai lie, chu vi nguc, dai than va dai cang chan la nhiing chi tieu quan trpng, co lien quan de'n khoi lugng co the va phan anh nang sua't than thit ciia gia cam (Udeh va Ogbu, 2011; Abdel- Lattif, 2019; Rasheed 2019). Moi tuong quan giira khoi luong co the va cac chieu do ciia
ga NCX d cac thdi diem dugc trinh bay trong Bang 3 va 4. Ket qua cho thay KL ga NCX co su tuong quan vdi da so cac chieu do co the, tuy nhien, miic dp tuong quan (he so Pearson va gia tri P) cd the khac niiau tiiy thupc vao do tuo'i va chi tie't cac chieu do. Cu the^ d tat ca cac thdi diem khao sat (1 ngay den 20 tuan tud'i), KL ga NCX ty le thuan vdi dai than (r=0,31- 0,72, P<0,05). Bat dau tir hian tuoi thii 12, moi quan he ty le thuan giiia KL va cac chieu do the hien rd hon vdi he so' pearson tang dan, ngoai trir su tuong quan giira KL va dai luon d thdi diem 12 tuan tudi (r-0,19, P>0,05).
Bang 3. He so tuong quan giiia khoi lugng va mpt so chieu do cua co the ga NCX d cac thdi diem
Tuoi KL va DCo KL va DT KL va DL KL va DC KL va SN KL va DD KL va CC KL va VC Ingay4 t u a n 8 t u a n 12 t u a n 16 t u a n 20 t u a n
0 22 0-19 0.18 0,50'"
0 . 5 6 ' "
0.84""
0 64""' 0.47"' 0.32"
0,70""
0 - 4 1 "
0,72""
0-67""
0 24 0-43"
0 1 9 0.36"
0.43""
0 29' 0 05 -0.04 0.59"' 0 5 8 " ' 0 63""
-0 04 - 0 1 7 0 4 6 " ' OST'"
0 4 6 " ' 0 8 3 " '
0-33"
0.30 0 3 7 "
0 56""
0.33' 0.95'"
-0.37"
0.13 0-35"
0-55"' 0.15 Q.87"
-0 7 8 "
-0 01 0.03 -0.02 0 3 8 "
0 3 0 ' Ghl chu- ^P<0,05; **P<a03; '"'•'•P<O,00'i;
Bang 4. Moi tuong quan giiia khoi lugng va mot so chieu do co the ga NCX a thai diem 12 va 20 tuan tuoi
Chi t i e u KL KL
DM D C o DT DL DC D D S N CC VC
Ghi chii 1,00 0,67""
0,84""
0,72"' 0 , 4 3 " ' 0,63"' 0,95""
0,83""
o,8r"
0,30' D M 0,88""
1,00 0,51""
0,70"' 0,65"' 0,17 0,73""
0 , 5 7 "
0,68""
-0,18 .- Thai diem 12 tuan la ph
D C o 0 , 5 0 " "
0,74"' 1,00 0,58""
0,63"' 0,45""
0,88""
0 , 6 7 "
0 , 8 2 - 0.05 ia tren
D T 0,70"' 0 , 8 7 "
0,89""
1,00 0,74""
0,17 0,81""
0,56""
0,73""
-0.11 dirdng cheo
D L 0,19 0,25"
0,26"
0,20 1,00 0,28' 0,44""
0,20 0,53""
-0,26"
D C 0 , 5 9 ' "
0 , 5 7 ' "
0,69'"
0,82'""
0,18 1,00 0,52""
0,40"' 0,50'"
_a_4«' va 20 tuan la phia
D D 0,56"' 0,50"' 0,16 0,40"
0,06 0.49'""
1,00 0,85"' 0,90""
0,20 dieai duong
S N 0 , 5 7 "
0 , 5 T "
0,17 0,41""
0,08 0,50""
0,99""
1,00 0,88""
0.09 cheo
C C 0,55'"' 0,49""' 1,13 0 , 3 8 "
0,03 0,46'"
0,99""
0 , 9 7 "
1,00 0,06
V C -0,02 0,02 -0,15 -0,21 -0,08 -0,12 0,12 0,14 0,08 1.00
KHKT Chan nuoi so 257 - thang 6 nam 2020
DI TRUYEN - GIONG VATjjlj^
Ke't qua d Bang 4 the hien moi tirong quan giiia cac KL va cac chieu do ga NCX d 12 tuan va 20 tuan tudi. Day la hai thdi diein tiiudng dimg de danh gia nang sua't tang truong cung nhu nang suat than thit ciia gia cam, dac biet doi vdi cac giong ga ban dia (Getiso va ctv, 2016; Nguyen Hoang Thmh va ctv, 2016;
Sarker va ctv, 2016). Chi tieu KL cd moi tuong quan thuan vdi hau he't cac chi tieu so do ca the d ca hai thdi diem khao sat, ngoai trir dai ludn va vdng chan d thdi diem 12 tuan tuoi (P>0,05). Ngoai ra, cd the nhan thay, d dp tudi 20 tuan, giiia KL va cac chieu do, ciing nhu giiia cac chieu do vdi nhau cd he so tuong quan cao hon so vdi thdi diem 12 tuan hid'i.
Vdng chan it cd moi quan he vdi cac chi tieu khac, ngoai trir vdi KL (r-0,30, P<0,05), dai ludn (r=-0,26, P<0,05) va dai canh (i-0,48, P<0,05) d thdi diem 20 tuan tudi (Bang 4).
Ke't qua ciia nghien ciiu nay tuong dd'ng vdi ke't qua d cac cong bd' khac, tren ca gio'ng ga thuong pham va ga ban dia. Fayeye va ctv (2014) cho rang moi tuong quan giira KL vdi KT cac chieu do dupc nhan dinh la cao hon do'i vdi gio'ng ga Isa Brown (r=0,27-0,95) so vdi ga Ilorin, mot giong ga ban dia ciia bien Bac Northern Nigeria (r=0,02-0,91). Tuong tu, trong mdt nghien ciixi tren giong ga ban dia ciia Nigeria, mpt so mdi tuong quan duoc cho rang cd y nghia, nhu giiia KL va dai than (r=0,71), KL va chu vi ngirc (r=0,45), kho'i luong va dai canh (r=0,67) (Egena va ctv, 2014). Tuy nhien, theo LJdeh va Ogbu (2011), doi vdi 3 gio'ng ga thuong pham hudng thit Arbor Acre, Marshal va Ross thi mo'i tu'ong quan giiia KL vdi KT cac chieu do (dai than, dai canh, dai din, dai cang chan va rdng ludn) khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (P>0,05). Ciing trong nghien ciiu nay, nhdm tac gia da nhan dinh cd moi tuong quan chat che (P<0,01) giiia cac cap chi tieu: dai cang chan va rpng ludn (r=0,62), dai diii va rpng ludn (r=0,66), dai din va dai canh (r=0,64) va rpng ludn va dai canh (r=0,76) d nhdm ga Arbor Acre thirong pham.
4. KET LUAN
Ke't qua nghien ciiu nay cho tlia'y khoi lugng va kich thudc cac chieu do ca the ga
NCX tang tiiye'n tinh theo tudi va cd su' khac biet giira gidi tinh d mot so' chi tieu niiung nhin chung khdi lugng ciia ga tro'ng cao htw ga mai tai cimg thdi diem. Md'i tuong quan giiia kho'i lugng ca the va cac chieu do cua ga NCX cung dugc xac dinh trong nghien ciiu nay, tuy nhien, miic dp tuong quan khac nhau tiiy thudc vao dp tuoi va chi tie't cac chieu do.
Ldi
CAMm
De tai nay dugc tai trg boi Du nn Nang cap Truong Bai hgc Can Tho VNU-P6 bhg nguon von vay ODA tie Chinh phu Nhat Bdn.
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KHKT Chdn nuoi so 257 - thdng 6 nam 2020
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DAC DIEM NGOAI HINH VA K H A NANG SINH TRl/ONG CUA GA CHOI THAI LAN
Nguyen Hoang Thinh''*, Tran Bich Phuong^, Nguyen Huy Tuan^ va Ho Xuan Tiing- Ngay nhan bai bao 22/01/2020 - Ngay nhan bai phan bien: 05/02/2020
Ngay bai bao duoc chap nhan dang; 27/03/2020
' Hoc vien Nong nghiep Viet Nam^ Trung tam Nghien cuu va Huan luyen chan nuoi
* Tac gia lien he: TS. Nguygn Hoang Thinh, Khoa Char
Email, nhthinh@vnua edu vn n Nong nghiep Viet Nam, Dien thoai: 0968643535,