VV'C Sir NHAY, MUOI Aedes aegypti

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6 8 so 2-2013 TAP CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BENH S6T RgT VA CAC BgNH KY STNH TKUHg

DANH GIA Sir NHAY, KHANG CUA MUOI Aedes aegypti TAI M O T SO TINH THUOC KHU VV'C

NAM B O - LAM DONG

Lirang Trir&ng San, L& Th^nh D^ng, Le XSn Kift \k CS Vi?n Sot ret - KST - CT TP. H^ Chi Minh Tom tfit:

Vi^c su dung cdc hoa chdt thupc nhdm pyrethroid thu&ng xuyen de tdm mdn, phun ton lim trong gia dung vd y te nhu binh xjl. nhang trir mudi ddn den lodi mudi Ae. aegypti mdt tinh nhgy cdm vai hda chdt thupc nhdm ndy Nghien euu gidm sdt ti'nh nhgy, khdng cua Ae. aegypti tgi mpt sd tinh b-ong khu vuc Nam Bp-Ldm Ddng kit qud cho thdy Ae. aegypti tdng sue chiu dyng va khdng hda chdt thupc nhdm pyrethroid nhu; tinh Ben Tre deltamethrin Id 80%; tinh Tdy Ninh deltamethrin ty l§ chit Id 88%. Permethrin ty l^ chit Id 69%: tinh Binh Phuac deltamethrin ty /f chit la 83 %. 72%. permethrin ty 14 chit Id 79%; tinh Cd Mau deltamethrin ty l^ chdt Id 10%;

TP.Hd Chi Minh deltamethrin ty le chit Id 18.4%, 95%. permethrin ty le chit Id 88%; tinh Bd Ria-Vung Tdu permethrin ty li ehit Id 54%, deltamethrin ty li chet Id 75%; tinh An Giang deltamethrin ty li ehet Id 79.6%. Ddi vai Malathion 5% edn nhgy cdm a cdc khu virc Cdn Ddo, Bin Tre. Cd Mau ty le chit Id 100%.

Tir khoa.' Ae. aegypti L BAT VAN DE

Mu6i Ae. aegypti la vector chinh truyen benh sot xuat huyet a Viet Nam. Hien nay d6 phong chong dich benh bien phap chu yeu van la phun hoa chat. Tuy nhien, su tang sue de khang cua Ae.

aegypti voi cac hoa chat dang su dung la mot kho khan cho cong tac phong chong benh sot xuat huyet. De danh gia do nhay cam cua muoi Ae. aegypti vai cac hoa chat, Vien sot ret - KST - CT TP Ho Chi Minh thuc hien giam sat mot so tinh, thanh khu vuc Nam Bo - Lam D6ng va dinh huong chien lucre sir dung hoa chat cung nhu bien phap phong chong vector phu hgp.

Muc tieu: Xac dinh muc do nhay cam ciia muoi Ae. aegypti voi cac hoa chdt khuySn cao sir dung trong Chuang trinh Phong chong sot xuat huylt Quoc gia.

2. DIA DIEM, DOI Tl/CflVG VA PHUOfNG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU 2.L Dia diem:

Huyen Cai Nuac, tinh Ca Mau; huyen Thoai Son, tinh An Giang; huyen Chau Thanh, tinh Bin Tre; cac quan tinh TP. Ho Chi Minh; Ba Ria - Viang Tau; Binh Phuac; Tay Ninh.

2.2. Thoi gian: Tu nam 2010 din 2011.

2.3. Doi tiTOTig nghien ciru

2.i.7,Mu6i Ae. aegypti tai cac dia phucmg thugc khu vuc Nam Bp - Lam D6ng 2.3.2. Hda chdt: Thu nghiem Malathion 5%, deltamethrin 0,05%, permethrin 0,75%.

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so 2-2013 T A P C H I P H O N G C H O N G BENH S6T RET VA CAC BENH KY SINH TRONG

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2.4. Phirofng phdp nghiSn cmi

- Ky thuat thii nhay cam: Thu nhay cam bang bien phap sinh hoc ciia WHO, 98.12. Muoi thOr la Fl hoac FO duac nuoi len tu bo gay tai dia phuang, dugc cho vao 6ng thu tir 20 dir\ 25 con (mu6i thir t6i thiSu 100 con) co giSy tim hoa chit va t6i thieu 1 ong d6i chung. Thai gian tiSp xuc 60 phiit. Sau do chuyen qua ong nghi, cho hiit nuac duong glucose 10 %, giQ va theo doi 24 gid. Danh gia kSt qua theo thang danh gia ciia WHO:

+ Ty le muoi tiip xiic chet tir 98-100%: Muoi con nhay cam vai hoa chat thii nghiem.

+ Ty le muoi tiip xiic chet tir 80-97%: Mu6i co thi khang, kiSm tra lai.

+ Ty le mu5i tiip xiic chit duoi 80 %: Mu6i da khang vdi hoa chit thu nghiem.

Ghi chii: Biiu chinh ket qua bSng cong thitc Abbott khi ty le muoi d6i chimg chSt tit 5- 20%. Huy bo kSt qua niu ty le muoi d6i chimg chSt tren 20%.

- Giay thir nhay cam theo tieu chuin cua WHO.

3. KET QUA

3.1. D9 nhay cam cua muoi Aedes aegypty vol giiy thif Malathion 5%:

Bang 1. Ket qua thit nghiem vai mu6i Aedes aegypti Fl a Con Dao- Ba Ria - Viing Tau

^ \ So quy Th.gianx^^

60 phut 24 gia

Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

Ong tiep xuc 1 16 con

16 16 100

21 21 100

20 20 100

Ong tiep xiic 4 22 con

22 22 100

Ong tiep xiic 5 19 con 19 19 100

Ong doi chiing 20 con 0 0 0 Kit qua chung: 1 0 0 %

Ghi chu: Nhiet do: 24T, am do: 64%.

Bang 2. Kit qua thir nghiem vol muoi Aedes aegypti Fl a Ben Tre

x . So quy T h . g i a r i \ ^ 60 phiit 24 gid Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

21 21 100

20 20 100

19 19 100

18 18 100

22 22 100

Ong doi chiing 20 con

0 0 0 K i t qua chung; 100 % muoi con nhay cam

Ghi chii: Nhiet do: 25''C, am do: 64%.

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70

S6 2-2013 TAP CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BgNH SpT RET VA CACB|NH 1{Y aJMM iKunw

Bang 3. K6t qua thir nghiem vcri muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 Ca Mau

^ \ S 6 quy Thai g i a n \ ^

60 phiit 24 gid Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

21 21 100

Ong tiep xuc2 23 con

23 23 100

Ong ti^p xiic 3 21 con

21 21 100

Ong tiep xuc 4 22 con 22 22 100

6 n g d6i chirng 20 con

0 0 0 KSt qu4 chung: 100 % muoi c6n nhay c4m

Ghi chii: Nhiet do: 25°C, am dp: 64%.

Niiim xet: Kit qua bang 1, 2, 3 cho thiy muoi Ae aegypti Fl a Con D4o, Bin Tre, C4 Mau deu nhay cam vai Malatliion 5%, ty le muoi chet 100%.

3.2 D9 nhay cam ciia muoi Aedes aegypti vdi giay thir Deltamethrin 0,05%

Bang 4. Ket qua tliir nghiem vol muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 Binh Phuac

\ . So quy Th.gian \ ^

60 phiit 2 4 g i a

Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

16 16 76

15 16 94

<et qua chunj Ong tiep

xiic 3 22 con

17 20 91 i: 83 % CO k

Ong tiep xiic 4 20 con 16 16 80 la nang kham

Ong doi chiing 20 con 0 0 0

Ghi chu: Nhiet do: 27°C. am do: 60%.

Bang 5. Ket qua thii nhay cam ciia mu6i Aedes aegypti Fl 6 huyen Loc Ninh, tinh Binh Phuoc

^ v So quy T h . g i a n ^ ^

60 phiit 2 4 g i o Ty le mu6i chet sau 24h

(%)

Ong tiep xuc 1 20 con 16 18

90

Ong tiep xiic 2 20 con 15 15

75

Ong tiep xuc 4 20 con 16 12

60

Ong t i l p xuc 5 20 con 13 11 55

Ong doi chimg 20 con 0 0

0 Kit qua chung: 72 % muoi da khang

Ghi chii: Nhiet do: 25°C, im dp: 65%.

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562-2013 T»P CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BENH S 6 T RET VACAC BgNH kY SINH TRUNG 7 1 Bang 6. Kit qua thir nhay cam cua muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 tinh TSy Ninh

Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 25''C, i m dp: 65%.

Bang 7. Ket qua thir nhay cam ciia mu6i Aedes aegypti FIO a Quan 8, TP HCM

^ \ , ^ So quy T h . g i a n ^ ^ ^ ^ 60 phiit 24 gia Ty le muoi chet sau 24h (%)

5 4 19

Ong tilp xiic 2 17 con

0 2 12

5 9 43

2 3 18

2 0 0

Ong d6i chiing 20 con 0 0 0 Ket qua chung: 18,4 % mu6i khang vai hoa chdt thir

Ghi chu: Nhiet do: 27°C, 4m dp: 60%.

Bang 8. Ket qua thir nhay cam ciia mu6i Aedes aegypti Fl a Bin Tre

^""^^^^ So quy Th.gian ^^^-..^^

60 phiit 24 gia Ty le muoi chet sau 24h (%)

17 14 70

18 16 84

17 17 85

18 17 85

18 16 76

0 0 0 Ket qua chung: 80 % muoi da khang voi h6a chat thir

Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 25 "C, am do: 62%.

Bang 9. Ket qua thii nhay cam cua muoi Aedes aegypti Fl a Ca Mau

""^"^--...^^^ So quy Th.gian ^"^"^--^.^

60 phut 24 gia

Ty le muoi chet sau 24h (%)

2 2 10

3 4 19

0 0 0

Ong doi chirng 20 con

0 0 0 K i t qua chung: 10 % muoi khang vai hoa chat thu- Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 25°C, am dp: 62%.

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72

S6 2-2013 TAP CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BgNH S6T RET VA CAC BgNH KY SINH TRUNS

Bang 10. Kit qua thu nghiem v6i muoi Aedes aegypti Fl d Binh ChMi, TP. Ho Chf Minh

^ \ ^ So quy Th.gian ^ \ ^

60 phut 24 gia Ty le muoi chet sau 24h (%)

Ong tiep xiic 4 20 con 15

20 1 100

Ong doi chimg 20 con 0 0 0 K i t qua chung: 95 % muoi c6 kha nSng kh4ng Ghi ehu: Nhiet dp: 24°C, dm dp: 64%.

Bang 11. Ket qua thu nghiem ciiai muoi Aedes aegypti Fl a tinh Ba Ria - Vung Tau

T h . g i a n ^ \ ^ 60 phiit 24 gia Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

18 16 80

14 13 65

14 16 80

15 17 75

Ong doi chirng 20 con 0 0 0 Ket qua chung: 75 % muoi da khang

Ghi ehu: Nhiet dp: 25"C, dm dp: 65%.

Bang 12. Ket qua thii nghiem ciia mu6i Aedes aegypti Fl 6 tinh An Giang

^ - § 6 quy T h . g i a n ^ \ ^ ^

60 phiit 2 4 g i 6 Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

18 18 90

15 15 75

Ong doi chiing 20 con 0 1 5 Ket qua chung: 79,6 % muoi khang vcri hoa chat thu nghiem Ghi chii- Nhiet dp: 25°C, im dp: 80%.

Nhdn xet:

- Ket qua tir bang 4, 6, 8, 10 cho thiy muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 Binh Phuac, Tay Ninh, Bin Tre, Binh Chanh (TP. H6 Chi Minh) da co the khang voi hoa chit Deltamethrin 0,05%, ty le muoi chit dat tit 80-95%.

- Kit qua tit bang 5, 7, 9, 11, 12 cho thiy mu6i Aedes aegypti Fl b (Lpc Ninh) Binh Phuac, Quan 8 (TP. H6 Chi Minh), Ca Mau, BR - VT, An Giang da khang vai hoa chit Deltamethrin 0,05%, ty le mu6i chit dat tit 10-79,6%.

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S6 2-2013 T»P CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BENH S6T RET VACAC BgNH KYSINH TRUNG 7 3 3.3. Gi^y thft Permethrin 0,75%

Bang 13. Kit qua thir nghiSm v6i muoi Aedes aegypti Fl d Binh Chanh, TP. HCM

\ ^ S 6 quy T h . g i a r i ^ \ ^

60 phiit 2 4 g i 6 Ty le mu6i chet sau 24h

Ong tiSp xiic 1 20 con

18 19 95

6 n g tiep xiic 2 20 con

15 16 80

16 17 85

Ong doi chung 20 con 0 0 0 Ket qua chung: 87 % mudi c6 kha nang khang

Ghi chii; Nhi?t dp: 25''C, dm dp: 63%.

Bang 14. Ket qua thir nghiem ciia muoi Aedes aegypti Fl a huy$n Lpc Ninh, tinh Binh Phuac

^ ^ S 6 quy Thgian ^ \

60 phiit 24 gia Ty le mu6i chet sau 24h

17 17 85

15 16 80

16 15 75

Ong ti6p xiic 5 20 con

16 15 75

Ong doi chiing 20 con 0 0 0 Ket qua chung: 79 % muoi khang voi hoa chat thii

Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 26°C, dm dp: 65%.

Bang 15. Ket qua thir nghiem ciia muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 tinh Tay Ninh

^ \ ^ S 6 quy Thgian ^ \ ^ ^

60 phiit 2 4 g i 6 Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

17 12 60

18 11 55

16 14 70

16 15 75

0 0 0 K i t qua chung: 69 % muoi da khang voi hoa chat thir

Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 25°C, am dp: 64%.

Bang 16. Kit qua thir nghiem cua muoi Aedes aegypti Fl 6 tinh Ba Ria - VOng Tau

^ ^ ^ S 6 quy Thgian ^ ^ .

60 phiit 24 gid Ty le muoi chet sau 24h

12 6 30

15 12 60

Ong doi chiing 20 con 0 0 0 K i t qua chung: 54% muoi da khang

Ghi chu: Nhiet dp: 25°C, am do: 65%.

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7 4 S62-2013 TAP CHi PHONG C H 6 N G BgNH s6TRgTVAcAC BgNH K'^SJNHTRONG

Nhdn xet:

- Kit qua bang 13 cho thiy mu§i Aedes aegypti Fl a Binh Chanh (TP. HCM) co the khang voi hoa chit Permethrin 0,75%, ty Ip mu6i chet 87%>.

- Kit qua tit bang 14, 15, 16 cho thay muoi Aedes aegypti FI d (Lpc Ninh) Binh Phu6c, Tay Ninh, Ba Ria - Vung Tau da khing v6i hoa chat Permethrin 0,75%, ty 16 muSi chit dat tir 54-79%.

5. K£T LUAN

- Viec sir dung mpt hoa chit thuang xuyen dan den su tang sue chju dimg vi kh^g doi vai muoi Ae. aegypti.

- Malathion la boa cbat thupc the hp truac, da ngung sir dyng thai gian dai va ngay nay tra nen nhay cim vai Ae. aegypti.

- Ae. aegypti da tang sire chiu dung va kliang v6i Permethrin 0,75% va Deltamethrin 0,05%.

6. DE NGHI

- Can CO chien luoc sit dung hoa chat phii hpp, lau dai trong phong ching muoi s6t xuit huyet

- Can phat tnen them nbieu loai hoa chat moi an toan, hieu qua de co thi thay dii sir dung tranh tinh trang le thupc vao mpt loai boa chat nao do.

TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Vu Diic Huang, Nguyin Thj Bach Ngpc & CS (2000-2002), - Dp nhay cam voi mpt s6 hoa chat diet con trimg ctia muoi Aedes aegypti a Viet Nam" (CT NCKH Hpi nghj chuyen nganh SR-KST-CT 2001-2005. NXB Y hpc. Ha Npi, Trang 219).

2. Chistian Verscbueren (2008), " Tai sao quan ly tinh khang boa chit diet con trimg mpt each bieu qua lai quan trpng? (ban dich)", Tgp chi phdng chdng benh sdt ret vd cdc benh ky sinh triing, so 2.

3. Vu Due Huong and Nguyen Thi Bach Ngoc (1999), " Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti in South Viet Nam", Dengue Bulletin. WHO. South-East and Western Pacific region, Vol.23, December, pp.85-88.

4. World Health Organization, " Report of the WHO infomal consultation Test procedures for insecticide resistance monitoring in malaria vertors, bio-efficacy and persistence of insecticide on treated surfaces", WHO/CDC/CPC/MAL/98.12:l-43

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so 2-2013 TAP CHl PHONG CH6NG BENH S6T RET VA CAC BgNH KY SINH TRpNG 7 5 Abstract

ASSESSMENT OF SENSITIVITY AND RESISTANCE OF Aedes aegypti IN CERTAIN PROVINCES OF

SOUTHERN AREA - LAM DONG

Luong Truong Son, Le Thanh Dong, Le Tan Kiet et al.

The use of bednets impregnated with pyrethroid, residual spraying and household chemicals such as aerosol bombs, mosquito coils resulted in Ae. Aegypti' resistance to this chemical group. A study on the sensitivity and the resistance of Ae. aegypti in some provinces of Southem area-Lam Dong showed that Ae. aegypti increased its endurance and resistance to pyrethroid chemical groups. For example, its tolerance to deltamethrin was 80% in Ben Tre;

to deltamethrin was 88%. to Permethrin was 69% in Tay Ninh; to deltamethrin was 83% and 72%, to Permethrin was 79% in Binh Phuoc; to deltamethrin was 10% in Ca Mau; to deltamethrin was 18.4% and 95%, to Permethrin was 88% in Ho Chi Minh City; to Permethrin was54%, to deltamethrin was 75% in Ba Ria-Vung Tau; to deltamethrin was 79.6% in An Giang. Its susceptibility to Malathion was 5% in the area of Con Dao, Ben Tre, Ca Mau.

Can bo phan bien:

TS. Pham Thi Khoa

Ngdy nhdn bdi: 15/03/2013 Ngdy giii phdn biin: 18/03/2013 Ngdy ddng bdi: 30/03/2013