KHOAHQC-CfiHGNaif
Sfi 9/2016
Xac djnh cong suat khai thac duong cat ha canh giauong bang) tai cang hang khong dua vao qui tac
kiem soat t i ^ cgn
'I'BS.rs.llGlnbnHinViaHG-TnangOglhocGiaothdngvdntt
T 6 M TAT: Buemg cSths cdnh (huy con gal li, dudng btog) IS cor s i h9 ting quan frong ciia cing hang khong sSn bay, phyc vy cac may bay qua cing.
C6ng st4t khaithicduongbangphythuOcvaoqui tSc k l i t i soit tilp cSn do kiim soat vien khSng luu dua ra ap dyng cho nhOng traing hop khac nhau ffii bao gldi thr«u mot s6 n i t co bin n h * v« qui l i e kiem soit l i l p cin tal sin bay. Tren co sd cic qui t»c dd c6 t h l tinh toin «ic dlnh cg t h j cong s u * khal thic du6ng bing cho tilng tmong hop cu t h l Budng bing chl phyc vy miy may den, duong bang chl phuc vy may bay dl, dudng bang phyc vy hdn hop cS miy bay dl va may bay d i n . Bil bao dua ™ v( dy minh hoa cho xic dlnh cdng suat khal tbic dudng tjing cOa mdt sin bay.
TO KH6A: Cdng suit khai thic, qui tic kilm soit flip can, miy bay d i n trade, miy bay theo sau.
ABSTRACT; Runways are Important airport Infrasttocftirs sen/ing departure and arrival flights at the airport. Alrporfs ranway capaclly depends on approach control rales, that are applied on different occasions by air traffic confrollers. This article inftoduees the most basic features of rules of approach control at the airport. Basedon that ranway ospacity is properly calculated on occasions such as; Ruiray capacity for departures, arrivals and mix of departuros and arrivals. This article represents an example problem to Inlusfrate for I calculating ranway capadty at the airport
KEKWORDS; Ruway capadty, approach confrol
|I rales, leading aircraft, trailing aircraft.
i.ofTvANee
» * ? " ? . ! " * , ! * " ? ^ * * " 3 * ' ' 5 d n h (hay cdn goi Bdudng bSng) l i m^tchltllu quan tnjng aSnhgii „ang I f phgc vv miy bay cOa audng bSng t ^ mdt cinq hino cho nguen quin l y v i khal t h f c d n g hing khdno (chdno c h I t h S y ( l . W r n & a » p h y c , M c t o c 0 5 a h , a „ S S dai v a nhu du v|n tSI hing khdng qua d m ^ S c o s f t a u a B S a p t r i p t t ^ c d n g A t k h J S S i S ^ o
nhimg nhin to tac ddng. Viec xac dinh cdng suat dl/dng cat ha cinh tai nhieu san bay tren the gidi co the dua
™o rnjt do may bay den cing kft hop kinh nghi#m xic
^ n h thra gian tre blnh quSn cija may bay khi d i n hoac rrt khoi duong cat ha canh, hoac xic dinh bing phuon'q phap ve dd thi. Tuy nhien, tr^n thuc t l cic miy bay d i n hoac ro. khdi san bay duoc thuc hien tren co sft ciSa hoat d j n g kiem spat t i l p cin. Bleu dd cd nghia hdat ddng W m soat tiep cjn inh hudng den cdng ; u f t khal thic duong bang. Nhuviy, ta cd t h l tinh cdng suit khai thic audng bang dua v i d qui t i c kilm sdit t i l p cin.
2. NOl DUNG
2 - 1 . T 3 i i 9 q u a n v « q u l t i c k i l m 5 o i t t l « p d l i i t i i i san bay • ^
Tal d n g hang khdng, trdng khoing thdi gian nhlt q n h CO t h l co nhilu loai may bay vdl cdng suit chuyen chd khic nhau, toc do t i l p c|n dudng d t ha cinh cdng
»lac nhau. D l phuc vu d c miy bay din cing vdl muc dlcb d i m b i o an tdin, dilu hda v i hilu qui, cdng tic kilm Sdit t i l p cin phii dua vio qui tic:
'Ndu dudng bdng chl phuc vu cha mdy bay ddn:
- Xic dlnh rd khding d e h d n thilt d l cic miy bay h^ dp cao vao glal doan t i l p cin dudng d t ha d n h , khding tach niy goi l i khoing cich t i l p cin cda cic miy bay (y).
- Xic a|nh cy t h l gian deh tdi thilu glOa d c miy bay aen hoic ai (6^. Trong dd, 1 l i miy bay din tnidc, i l i miy bay theo sau. Giin deh tdi thilu niy cd t h l dupc tinh thed thdi gian (giiy) hdic tinh theo culy (ml).
* Ndu dudng bdng chi phuc vu cho mdy bay di:
Xic dlnh thdi gian giin cich gii)a d c miy bay d t d n h khdi dudng bing.
* Ndu dudng bdng phuc vu cho cdmdybaydivdmdv
bayden: ' - Hal miy bay khdng t h l cdng Idc hdat djng trln
mdt dudng bing, se uu t i l n chd miy bay d i n sd dung dudng bang trudc miy bay di.
- Cic miy bay dl se dupc thuc hiln khi dudng bang trong.
2.2. Khii niem cdng suA khai t h i c ffu6ng eft fia cinh (cSng suit khal t M c dudng bing)
Cdng suat khai thic dudng cSt ha cinh l i chl tieu xic dinh sd lupt miy bay auoc dudng eit, ha canh dudng bing phuc vu trdng mdt don vj thdi gian
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KHOA H O C - C O N G NGHE
(thudng tinh trong mot gid). Dirdng cat ha canh tai skn bay, cd the phuc vu cho 3 muc dfch: Chf phuc VIJ may bay den, chi phuc vu may bay di, phuc vy cS may bay di va may bay den.
S.TfNHTOAN CONG SUATOl/flfNG CAT HA C A N H (C6NG SUATDI/ONG BANG)
3.1. Cong suat dudng bang chi phuc vy miy bay d^n
- Goi V la van toc ciia may bay dang trong giai doan tiep can du'dng bang;
- V ;V la toc do t i l p can cua may bay i va may bay j (mi/gid);
- Gpi T la thdi gian can thiet de may bay tiep can dudng bang (giay);
- AT la chenh lech (gian each) thdi gian de tiep can dudng bang cua may bay dan trUdc i va may bay theo sauj.
Xac ^ n h gian each thdi gian nay nhii sau:
• TrUdng hop ca may bay trudc va sau cung tdc dd (V,=V,):
l^l^ = T^-T = 5/V^
'^-^, = VT=6_fV,
•Tnidng hop m^y bay dan trUdc i dang tiep can diidng bang vcStocdo nhd hon may bay theo sauj (YsV^:
dr^r-7=d,/v.
•TrUdng hop may bay dan tnidc i dang tiep can dudng bang vdi tdc do Idn hon may bay theo sau j (V|> V):
AT^=T.-T = 6/V^ + y(W.-1/V) - Goi p la xac suat xuat hi^n m^y bay d3n trUdc i v^
may bay theo sau j ;
- Gpi E(flT) 1^ thdi gian gian each tiep can dudng bang binh qu3n giCra may bay dan trUdc I va theo sau j .
Do trong khodng thdi gian nhat djnh, may bay d^n trudc cd the cung tdc dp, hay nhd han, hay Idn hdn so vdi may bay theo sau, n§n thdi gian gian each tiep can dudng bang giCa hai m^y bay i va j duoc tinh nhUsau:
E(AT,,)=Ip,* AT,, = I[p,pEAT,; (giay) Trong dd:
[p,^] - Ma tran x^c suat may bay dSn trudc i va may bay theo sauj;
[AT^j - Ma tran gian cich thdi gian tiep can du'dng bang giua may bay dan trudc i va may bay theo sau j .
- Gpi (CJ la cong suai dudng bang chi phuc vu may bay den trong mdt gid:
Minh hoa cac trudng hpp toc do tiep can dudng bang giOa hai may bay qua do thj dudi day:
//
Tnrimg hap V;> V^
3.2. Cong suSt dU^g bing dl! phyc VU miy bay # Ddi vdi Idem soit tigp cSn phuc vu may bay di, q i ^ •_
dinh rd gian each thdi gian tdi thieu glQa ckc m^y bay^
Gpi E(t^) la thdi gian gian each giCfa cAc mky bay dfe'l
E(t,) = I[p^[t,] >
Gpi Cj, la cdng suit khai thac du'dng bang chl phyc' vu may bay di:
Ca = Eild) (MB/gto)
3.3. Cdng su^t tfa6ng bang phuc vu hfin hdpf
may bay den vik may bay di s^
Dlia vko quy t i c kiem soat tiep can da duac d l eSp d tren, khi dudng bang phuc vu ck may bay den va m ^ bay dS, cdng su^t hon hop se bao gdm trUdc h^t \k cdng suat dudng bang phuc vu may bay den, cpng th^m cdng suSt dudng bang phuc vu may bay dl dugc xen ke khi phue vu m^y bay din.
Gpi C^^la cdng suit hon hop dUdng bang phyc vy di mky bay din vk di, khi dd cdng suSit h6n hop dUpc tfnh:
nhu sau: jenn C„ = (1 + lmiPml){MBI ai!)
Ef&Tij)
Trong do: | n^i - Sd luong c^c may bay di trong moi khoSng thfir
gian trdng giOa miy bay den;
p^^ - Xac suit khoang trdng giQa eic miy bay fl^ij^
cd n^ miy bay di. '.^
4.VtDUVANDUNG •]
Gii sCrtai mdt sSn bay cd mdt dudng bang phycv)^
cae miy bay din vk cic may bay di. CU ly tigp cin tfnh den ngudng dudng bang (ngUdng dudng bing \h vj trf b i t dau tiep dat ciia may bay) cho tat c i eie miy bay \i 7mi (Imi hing khdng = 1.609km). Trong khoSng thdt gian nhat djnh dudng bang phye vu hai loai miy bay., loai miy bay A cd tdc dd t\ip can \k 120 mi/gid, mjy bay B cd tdc dd tiep can la 90 mi/gid. Moi miy bay dfia se sCr dung dudng bang 40s trudc khi thoit khdi dUdng bang. Trong khoing thdi gian phin tfch, g i i sijf cd 5 miy bay theo thd tU den sin bay nhU sau: B, A, A, B, A. ThU tu miy bay di tuong t u nhu mdy bay din. Miy bay £B se chd khoang trdng cCia dUdng bing de cat cinh. Gi3 thiet r^ng miy bay den dau ti§n den d i l m kilm soit tiep can (vj trf b5t dSu thuc hien kiem soit t i l p cln) vio luc 0 gid. Qui tSc kilm soit t i l p cin va phin each khdng
luu nhusau: '|
TruOng hap V= V^
78
KHOAHPC-COHGNGHE Ldlglil:
.«„ J ' ° ' 2 ' ' ' ' ' ^ * " ' * ' ' 9 « : * ' i a i k > a l m i s r b a y A v a B a e n 'fn bay, cho thjy cd4 khi nang «ay is:
- MB dJn tru8c la A, theo HU B A - MB dSn trudc l i B, theo sau l i B - MB d i n tn/dc l i A, thed sau Id B - MB d i n tn/dc la B, theo sau l i A
•t Dd losi miy bay A v i Bed tde d9 t i l p cin khic nhau filn, Ed d c trudng hpp sau:
• J'i'lpdungtmdng/iopciimdydiiytnrScrasoucdno wcdd;
4';=7;-r,=d/v;
,l06i vdl I05I MB A: i T „ = 4(3.600)/120 = 120s . -RSIvdl loai MBB:iT„=3(3.600)/90= 120s
J-Ap dung tmdng ht)p MB hudc I tiip cdn dudng bdna l0te:cddnhdhaaMBsau]:
myB:dT^ = Ti-T,= l/Vj
. • VSI vldif t r l n : Miy bay tn«e l i B, miy bay sau l i A:
ATj, = 3(3.d00)/120.90s
m tfS * " » " " ^ S ' ^ " ^ f ' " * ' * P c * dudng bdng wt&ffldnhanMBsaui:
^''r'^,-''r^:/^,*y(Wfi/v)
Vdl vidu trln: Miy bay tn/dc l i A, miy bay sau l i B:
a„ =5(3.600)/120 + 7(1/90-1/120)0.600) = 220s.
TllBOv(dM,thUtUtemgeapmiybaydlnsanbayli B-A, A-A, A-B, B-A, n l n xic suit xult hl|n cic d p miy bay din nhusau: AA(0,25); BA(0,S); AB(0,25): BB(0).
TU kft q u i tinh toin giin d e h thdi gian l i l p ein dudng bing gloia d c miy bay v i xic suit da dupc xic dlnh Bhu t i l n , giln d e h thdi gian blnh quin glOa d c miy bay d|n dupc xic djnh nhu sau:
E(aTp=(«5(120)40J(90)+0,25(220)+0«(l20) = 130s.
Tliay s i v i o edng thiie tinh cdng suit dudng binq chl phgc vu miy bay din ta cd:
C.= 3.600/130 = 28 MB/gid
TO gii thilt thdi gian gian deh gloa cic miy bay dl la 120s thay vio cdng thiJc ta cd:
-'E(y=(«5(120)+0j(120)+0»120)+a00(120)=120s pajr s« »io cdng thdc tinh cdng suit dudng bang cn.PbMCVMmiybaydl:
Cd=3600/120 = 30 MB/ gid Thay sd vio cdng thdc Mnh edng suit dudng bing hdn hpp phuc vu d miy bay ai v i din:
i ^ - - ^ [ l * < ' ' 2 M t 0 . 5 K l + O.2S»| + O,0<l,O)].42MB/gi4
^ 5.XCrLUAN
Qua nghiin cUu trln cho thiy, quy t i c kilm suit t i l p cSn da i n h hudng trpc flip d i n edng suit khai thic dudng elt ha d n h (dudng bing). Trong dilu kiln khi tupng hing khdng tal khu vpc f l i p d n cda may bay khdng thuSn lpi, cd nguy co giy mSt an toin cho d c miy bay d t v i ha dnh..qul t i c Wlm soit t i l p cjn ndi
S6 9/2016
Chung, qui t i c giin d e h tdl thiiu giQa cie miy bay d i n ho|e di se duoc dilu chlnh, trong trudng hop dd cdng suit khal thic dudng bang cd t h l glim hon. Bilu niy l i CO sS gidp n h i khal thac cing dilu chlnh k l hoach aieu phoi slot trinh xuat hien cie ehuyin bay bl ehim gay dn t i e trong cing. Mat khic. khi khoa hoc, 1^ thiiit ngay cang phat W i n , cie trang thiet bl kilm soit t i l p can n ^ y cang hljn dal, eho phep kiem soit viln khdng uu dieu chlnh qui t i c kiem soit theo hudng ting luu luong miy bay duoc phuc vu trong mdl don vl Ihdl gian nhung van dim bio nguyin t i c hoat ddng cua miy bay
an toin, aieu hda v i hilu q u i " Q l a i lieu tham khiiD
[I). Planning and Design af airport, by Robert Ho/dnjeffand Francis.Mckelvey, 1993.
W-Pules afthe air and air traffic control regulaSons
^00d(http://wwwJcaa.ga.tz/files/Puies%20at%20the%20 Air%20September%202006.pdf).
[3L Airpiort Runway Capacity and Detay: Some Models for Planners and Managers (httpMitre.gov au/
publicatians/19B2/liles/ap_0S0.pdf).
' Ngiy nhfn U I : 3/8/2016
^ Ngjqrchfp nhfin dang: 28/8/2016 Nguai p h i n b i | n : 7S.Trin Vin Khim
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