NGHIEN Cl/U - TRAO B6|
Xay diAig khoi lien minli cong - nong - tn tiiijrc^
tnrtfGflayvahiennayQfntfdiGta ^
• PGS, TS NGUYfiN VAN NAM Hoc vien Chinh tri khu vuv III
,, l-C^lacvaPliAiggheiidal^iigfcafhuclieiiphong J nao cong nhao 6 cbauAu, nhil l a d Anh va Phap giiia J va CUOI Ihe liy XtX, Iir do khai qual Ihaiih mpt he thang J l y h * khoa hoc ve each mang v6 san, trong d6 CO ly _ luan ve lien minh cdng-nong vacacling lop lao dong j !<!>*:• Cac ong chira iang, nhidu cupc d i l Hanh Clia giai
^ cap coog nhan bi t h i bai, tin thil, chu ydu 14 vi khong CO to chiic lien minh voi "nguoi ban dSng minh m nhien"
; cua minh la nong dan. Do viy, cac cuoc each mang vo
• san ^ mi thanh nhimg "bai don caaidi&i".
VLLenin da van dung va phat niSn ly luan v i hen minh coog - nong va cac a n g lop lao dong khac Clia CAttc va PtAngghen nong giai doan chu nghia m Wn phSltticii cao - d l i ngha dS quoe, (B16 chuc Ihanh hen minh cmg - nong va eac ling lop lao dpng khac nwig Cach mang XHCN M n g Muoi Nga (1917), sau do ong lE mo ipog khoi hm minh nay nong boi ky qua iB len CNXH.., E)Sc biel khi phan Ifch vS chuyoi chinh vo san, VJ.Lenin da khing dink "Quyen chinh vo san la moi hinh thuc dac bid cua Ben minh giai cip giiia giai cip TO san, dpi den phong Clia nhiing nguoi lao dpng, voi dong dao nlMig lang kip lao dong khong phai la vo s i l (h&mr san, oeu chu, DODg dan, ni Ihuc.. . r » Trong do, Mn minh giiia giai cap eong nhan voi giai cip nong dan ™ ting lop ni Ihuc 00 y ngUa ehiin hioc mpl til y&i ph6 biin ddi VOI cac cupc each mimg do giai cip vo san lanh dao
Sdlh^g 8-2016
Trong nhitag nam nin hanh each miing dan tpc dan chii nhau dan, Diing a da day cong »iy dung khii lien minh cong - nong va ni Ihlic, Dang giao due Iinh thin yen nuoc Iheo quan diim dia chU ngbia Mae - Lenin cho cong nhin, nong dan va oi Ihlic d i doan kit. lap hpp ho chiin dau duoi ngpn CO dia Dang ching d i quoc va lay sai.
Trong each mang dan tpc dan chii nhan dan noi Chung Cling nhu giai doan ching My cuu nuoc noi n e n g Dang xay dung khdi lien mmh cong - nong - tri Ihlic tren CO so nhan thuc va giai quyit nhimg vin d i chinh sau day:
_ Thi nhil. nlian thic vi Iri vai 0-6 cua cic giai ting xa hpi trong lien minh
. Danh gB v i giai cip eong nhan Vljt Nam, Chti tich H6ChiMinhchiiD:C*,e<ig>ai<4,congn&:n/drfii,g camnhat. each mgng nhil. luan gan goc dmmgliu vai ban m quoc. thuc din. Vai ly luan cich mang lien phong yi kinh nghiem cua phong irao vo son quic ti mi cip cong nhan da l6 ra la nguai lanh dao mmg dang nhal va tin cay rdiit cia nhan din Vi(l Nam.
Thuc vay, vao cuii nhung nam 20 cua Ihi ky X X giai cap cong nhan Viet Nam CO khoang 22 van nguoi (chiem 1,2% dan so). Tuy eon He va il, song giai cip cong nhan Viet Nam ngoai ban ehit ehung Clia giai cap cdng nhan qnoc le, con co nhiing dac diim neng, lit niuan loi trong viec gianh va gia quyin ianh dao each
«.yi • cfeuh tri & Trayin IhoBg
NGHreN Cl/U - TRAO £)6l
mang. Ho ra ddi \ a tniong thanh auoc giai cap nr san Tir khi NguySn Ai Qudc lap ra Vict Nam thanh ni^
Viet Nam va budc len ^-u dai chinh m sau khi Cach each mang ddng chi hdi - td cliuc ti^n than cua Danj mang Thang Mucn Nga gianh duac thang lgi \ a giai cdp thi nliirng iri tliirc yeu nudc da hnig chiu anli huang m tu san o nhieu nudc \'irt bo ngon cd dan tpc Chinh bdi nrdng ciiu nirdc ciia Ngudi vk chuydn d ^ tir lap mrom canh chinh m the gidi ay da lam cho giai cip cdng nhan cacii mang dan ldc ki^u cu sang lap tnidng each nigi^
dan tdc dan chu kieu mdi cua giai cAp cdng nhan..
Viet Nam co them uy rin chinh ni de giuong cao ngon cd ianh dao dan ldc lam cach mang giai phong, gianh ddc iap. dan chu theo con dudng mdi
Nhung dieu quan trong han la giai cap cong nhan Viei Nam da tiep thu duoc chu rtghia Mac - Lemn va c6 Dang ticn phong lanh dao, lai co dudng l6i each mang dung dan, dap uiig diroc >'eu chu \ a doi hoi cua dan loc va giai cap Sau khi ra ddi. Dang da lap ra td chirc Cdna hdi de td chiic \ a van dong cong nhan; lap ra None hdi.
Hoi \'an hda cmi qudc ^a cac doan tiie de giao due \ a Id chuc nong dan. tri thiic \ a cac tAng Idp lao dong khac.
Chiem han 95°/ci dan so. ndng dan nudc ta la mot lire luong cach mang to ldn. siim co y thuc dan tdc va dan chu Nong dan nirdc la cd nnh thin cach mang. nliune ho khong the la luc luong lanii dao each mang dan ldc~dan chu Dang Cong s;ui Viet Nam thiu hieu nhihig mong muon tlia tliiel cua nguoi nong dan, cho nen ngay tir khi Ihanh lap. Dang da chu inrong Idnh dao ddn cav ldm did (lia c ac h mung ddnh do hon dai dia chu \ d phong hi'u.
dudng 16i dung dan do da lam cho phong nao nong dan timg birdc \ic!i lai v'
Trong qua Irinli lanh dao. Dang ludn coi irong viec gii ngp. tap hop Iri tliirc \ao hang ngu cua rainh va ciic doat tlie each mang khac, !am cho ho tra thanh "dong luc"
each mang quan trpng,
Thit hau giai quyet hp thin loi ich thi^l thdn cdng nhdn. nong ddn vd rri thirc
Vdi ly luan cua chu nghm Mac - Lemn soi dutrng nen quan diem giai phdng dan tdc gdn ji^n vdi giat plidng xa hot, Dang la da giai quygt hop ly mdi quan he giua nhiem vu chdng d^ qudc vdi nhiem vy chin?
phong kien, giai quy^t dimg ddn hai niiiem vu chi^
luac a giai doan each mang dan tdc dan chu, bao dm eho Dang vira cung co duoc khdi lien minii cong - noiif - tri, vira Id) keo duoc nliirng ngudi thupc tang \dp iren (tir sail dan toe, dia chu vira va nho) eo linli th^n cli6jig de qudc vao Mai nan dan tpc thdng nhat. vira ngan ngira, sira chira kip thdi nhiing sai 13m ta. huu khuynh trong viec diuc hien dudng loi each mang
Lien minli cdng - ndng - tri dupc cung cd, phone I rong qua tnnh lanh dao cach mang. Dang cdn chi ndns thon edn ho chU, .h? v ^ . ^ . „ uK . „ „ . J.-.„ .-.
phong trao cong nhan
lg cdn chl ndng thon gdn bo chat che vdi nhau, li5 tro va thuc diy minh trong ian nhau lao thanh siic manli tdng hap cua each nian^
Yong mdi quan he giua hai dra ban chidn luge nay, ro muc Ueu, noi dung \ a doi tugng cua li
limg dioi ky nham timg budc thuc hien muc neu ehu yen tnrdc mat la giai phong dan ldc. Nhd kk hop thue hien dimg dan hai khau hieu chi^n luac ••ddc tap dan nguai cay co ruong" \di viec : :iai quycl yeu the cua timg euoc ddu tranh trong timg thai ky each mang. Dang da lanh dao giai cap nong dan dl theo giai cap cong nhan dau tranh timg budc gianh lai nhihig quyen loi ihiel than cho dan lgc \ a giai edp
Cimg \oi cdng nhan ^-a nong diCoang coi trong kha
Diuig COL iTong ca hai dia ban, nhung danh giii thanh phi 111 dia Mn xung yen, vi niu phong trao cong nhan vj nlian dan lao dpng (ca lao dpng chan lay vii lao dpng m 6c) o thanh plw yiu thi khoi nghTa quin chiing khong the n-o thilnh tong khen nghia d i giiinh thing loi.
Trong kh] kliang dinli vi iri lanh dao cua giai cap cong nhan, dong luc each mang la csic giai cip cong nl*.
nong dan va ni thiic, Dang hit sire quan tam din vijc
phoiiii kicn, dong ihcn lao ra ting lop iri thuc mm - ui thuc tu san Nliung mil mat do chi do chuvcn chi vi chinli tn doc quv cn V e kinh te, nen lang lop niiv khong CO CO so kmh te - Chmh tn de phiit tnen. mi, Utac. do Iniyin thinj ye„
n i K cua dan IOC V i ,u lliu hin n a phong mio conE -'nong nen pl™ km tn" thuc Vici Nan, da nch cue tliam an „h„„, KW giai phong din loc. cllong di quic v a tay sai
nhihig nguyen nhan quan Uong dil vol thing lpi ciia each mang va xiic dinh lien minh cong - nong - tri la n&i tang ctia Mat san dan tpc thing nhit. Khii lien mmh nay duoc Cling CO vimg chic bao nhieu thi Mat han dan lpc thong nhat cang co dieu kien mo long biy nhieu; CO ^ noi. khong Cling co duoc lien minh cong - nong - ui ihi cihig khong the co Mat uan dan tpc thing nhil^
Nhung ket qua do co y nghia hit sue to lon. no lam 24 L> luan chinh (ri & Tmy^n thons .V" tliaii-.; H-Itm
NGHIEN ciru - TRAO o6f jl^ ^tang nguon sue manh cua nhan dan troog qua trinh each
jujj]|, niang. Thanh qua ay 6a ddng vien cd vu cho giai cSp . ^'le, giai t ^ cdng nhan, va phSn ldn tri thiJC dau xuit than J ^ tir gjai c ^ ndng dan va nhan dan lao ddng, c h i i ^ nhiing .^' hg cd ka thu chung la da qudc va phong kian dai dia
"^>< chu, • " -" . ma cdn cd q u ^ he gia dinh, xa hdi hk siic gdn gui vdi ndng dan. PhSn ddt ngudi ndng dan duge chia k khdng chi la Igi ich rieng ciia ho, ma cdng nhan, tri thiic
it nhieu ciing cd ipi ich...
** 2. Chil nghia Mac - Lenin ban va tinh tk yau ciia lian minh cdng - ndng - tri thiic khong chi Irong giai
*^i doan each mang gianh chinh quygn, ma cdn dac biet lmi m -j, Uong giai doan xay dung chii nghia xa hpi. 6 nudc ta, W» do nhieu nguyen nhan cd mpt thdi gian chi ndi ddn han f" 't[ minh cdng - ndng... Trong cong cupc ddi mai, tii Dai iMii hpi I k thli VU (1991) lien minh edng - ndng- tri thiic it. iii: dupc dua vao cac van kien ciia Dang, Cuang llnh Ifflt xay dung ddt nudc trong thdi ky qua dp len CNXH
^ (1991) ghi ro: "... Xay dung Nha nudc XHCN. nha
\k nudc cua nhan dan, do nhan dan, vi nhan dan, idy han 1,1 minh giai cap cdng nhan vdi giai cdp ndng dan va tdng i t Idp tri thiic lam nan tang, do Dang Cpng san lanh dao"!-'.
Trong giai do^n hi?n nay, thyc hien lien minh cdng ]i: - ndng - tri thiic chn cd nhiing n h ^ thiic sau.
ail: - Lien minh cdng - ndng - tri thiic, qua thye tiln d lis nudc ta - dudi gdc dp chinh tn, xa hpi la sy dodn kit.
aJi /ifjp luc. hap tdc... giiia cdng nhan, ndng dan vdi tri IR thiic nham thuc hien nhimg npi dung, muc tieu nao dd k vi^lpi ich khdng chi cho mpt lyc lucmg, m^ la cho ca id khdi, ddng thdi gdp phSn vao sy nghiep chung ciia thdi ,i ky qua dp Ien CNXH. Lien minh cdng - ndng - Iri thiic ,1 can cd sy lanh dao ciia Dang va quan ly cua Nha nudc
de dam bao tinh djnh hudng cua hen minh trong thdi ky qua dp; sy doan kk, hpp lyc, hpp tac... cua cdng - ndng - tri thiic phu hpp vdi dudng ldi chii trucmg ciia Dang, chinh sach va phap luat ciia Nha nudc la gdp phdn to ldn vao cdng cupc ddi mdi ciia ddt nudc.
- 0 trinh dp phat trien mpi mat ciia nudc ta hien nay, miic dp lao dong phan cdng xa hdi cdn rd ret giua cdng nhan, ndng d ^ va tri thuc. Cho nen, sy phat trign binh thudng Clia xa hpi khdng tha thiSu duac sy tdng hop cac ho^t dpng. sy trao ddi va hpp tac va san xult vat chdt va tinh than ciia cdng - ndng - Iri. Ngay nay, xu hudng toan cau hda va kinh ta tri Ihiic ddi hdi cac nudc phai cd mdt nen kinh te hioi d^i vdi khoa hpc va cdng n ^ ? lien Hen,
vi the, Cling cd viing chic khdi hen minh nay se la mpt trong nhirng co sd de vugt qua thach thiic, tan dung dugc nhiing flidi co Ah phat trign.
Thyc chdt xay dyng va phat huy lian minh cdng - ndng - tri Cling nhu dai doan kat toan dan tpc la hmh thanh dpng lyc quan trpng nhdt ciia phat trign xa hpi, tao ngn duc«: siic manh tdng hpp, dgng vign dugc tdi da cac ngudn luc trong nhan dan, Di^u nay da dirpc Dang ta xac
^nh: "Bgng Iuc chil yeu dg phat trign ddt nudcla dai doan ket toan dan tren CO sd lign minh gjiia cdng nhan vdinong dan va tri tfaiic do Dang lanh d ^ , kgt hgp hai hda cac lgi ich ca nhan, t ^ the va xa hpi, phat huy mpi tigm nang va ngudn luc Clia cac thanh ph§n kinh tg, ctia xa hdi"'".
Trong giai doan hien nay d nudc ta, ndi dung Len minh cdng - ndng - Iri thiic mang tinh toan dien, tinh toan dien ay dugc khai quat trgn 3 mat: Lien minh vg chinh tri. kinh_ tg va van hda - xa hpi. Trong dd. hen minh ve mat kinh tg lai ndi ian vdi tu each nhan td quygt dinh nhat cho sy thdng lgi cua chii nghia xa hgi (cho dii lien minh vg chinh tri van la nhan td din ddt, hang ddu).
3. Thyc hien va ciing cd Hgn minh cong - ndng - tri thuc trong nhung nam sap dgn la mgt trong nhirng nhiem vu quan trpng ciia Dang va Nha nudc cQng nhu ctia toan dan. vi cdng nhan. nong dan va tri thiic la nhung ddng luc ciia each mang. Khdng ciing c6 dupc lian minh nay thi chiing ta sg khd thoat khdi khd khan va dua ddt nudc tign len chii nghia xa hpi dupc.
Qua viec thyc_ hien hen minh cdng - ndng - tri tliirc thcri ky khang chien chdng My ciiu nudc trude day ciing nhu nhiing nam vira qua, cd thg nit ra nhimg vdn da sau:
Thir nhdt, d moi giai doan each mang. Dang lanh Aa,Q phai sdm xac dinh muc tieu, ndi dung ciing nhu ddt tupng lian minh ciia giai cap cdng nhan (cd thg md rpng ddi tuOTig ngoai ndng dan va tri thiic - lien minh theo nghia rpng, ca trudc day, cung nhu trong giai doan hien nay bao gdm: doanh nhan, tieu thuong, tigu chu), tao digu kien dg phong trao each mang giii dugc tinh lign tuc va the chu dpng trong qua trinh phat trign va thdng lpi.
_ Xay dyng luc lugng each mang gdm cac giai edp va tang lop ndi tren nham doan kgt dan tdc dg chdng lai ke thil xam lucre va tay sai (thyc dan Phap 1858 - 1945 va 1946 -1954; Nhat 1940- 1945; My 1954 -1975), diuc hien "ddc lap dan tdc" va "ngudi cay cd mpng" dg tign lgn CNXH. 6 day. cdn luu y rdng. theo nguyen ly chung cua chii nghia Mac - Lenin, giai cdp m san (k^ ca phii ndng) ia ddi tugng ddu tranh ciia giai cdp cdng nhan.
Sd thdng 8-2016 Viy Infin chinh tri & -A-ayen tfaAng
N G H I S N CCFU-TRAO o6i
Nhung d Viet Nam uong giai doan each mang dan tpc dan chu, giai cip to san dan lpe, liong do co phu nong da di theo Dang diu ttanh gianh dpe lap dan tpc, dan chii va khi tiin hanh ciieh mang xa hoi chu nghia, hp nepthucaitaonen Dang ta vln coi hpiamptliicluong xay dung dat nuoc tiin len ehii nghia xa hpi.
Hijn nay, viji co ciu kinh l i nhiiu Ihanh phan. thi ngoai cong nhan, nong dan va tti thiic, nuoc la con co ca doanh nhan, tieu thuong niu cha...; vi thi, cimg phai CO npi dung va giai phap d i hen mmh voi ciic thjnh phan nay vi muc tieu chung: Dan giau, nucic manh, dan chu, cong bang, van minh.
Thic hai. Ding cin cd nhiing chinh sach diing d i khoi day long yeu nuoc eiia cong nhan, nong dan va tti Ihiic
N ™ huoc day nhUng chu ttuong Clia Dang la nhim dau ttanh gianh lai dpe lap cho dit nuoc. thay dii dia vi cua cong nhan, nong dan, tti thiic va cii dan tpc, dem lai nhung quyen dan smh, dan chii tiuit diuc cho quin ehung dli ttong giai doan hipn nay, tten co so nhihig thang lpi da gianh dupc ma quyin loi thiit than ciia cons nhan, nong dan. tti thuc dupc nimg len mot budc c i vi quyen lp, ehmh tti Ian quyin Ipi kinh ti. Thuc hien duong loi ddi m<i,-, Diing ta da cd nhiiu chii ttuong ehmh saeh dung dan doi vdi cong nhan, nong diin va tti' thuc, nhat la ttong nhiem ky eua Ban Chip hanh Tnmg uong khoa X, Dang dii da ban hanh 3 Nghi quyit chuyen de ve giai cap cong nhan. giai eip nong dan va dpi ngu m diuc. Tien ttnh d&i do, Cuong llnh xay dung dat nuoc ttong thdi ky qua dp len chu nghia xa hoi ( b l sung, phat ttien nam 2011) tiip tpc khimg dinh: "Xiiy dung giai ciip eong nhiin l,in manh cii vi siluong vl chat lupng, la gia, cap lanh dao ciich mang thong qua dpiticn Phong in DangCongsanWetNam, giai c i ? n e "
Phong ttong su nghiep xay dmig chii nghia xa hpi Xay du^gvaphathuy vai tto chu thi Clia gia, cip nong d L
* o , bo, duong, phat huy mp, ttim nang va sue sang tao
ch'dLTdcT'''*""^'"'-"'"^'*-*^'^
Thuba ciin^ c i lien muji cong - npng - ui thue kit hop vo, eung CO cac loai htah hpp tac
tattonglmh vuc ktah tc lii quan ttpng(da„eu"LT
« die, can xiiy dung vi, md rtng cae loai hinh h i t^c
^rhSgrsfhT"-^"^''"''"^^-
«ig noa, nhat la hang nong sita; Ben kit vdi
cdng nhan va tti thiic, giai cip nong dan moi CO diiui de cat tten ky thuat, nang cao gia tti hang hda, VB n eho Cli cac ben. Lien kit nong nghipp vdi cdng n J , nong dan vdi cong nhan va tti thiic, bang con d u m i cdng nhan va ui tinic mdi co diiu kijn phuc vu nSi dan, ndng nghiep, Uiam nhap vao nong thon, cang c i B so de eung CO them m i i quan he 3 ben Cling cd lpi...
Thir It,, nang eao nang lue lanh dao cua Dang xi, dtah to vai Ub to chiic, quan ly ciia N h i nudc, fl,Kliii nhung not dung va moi quan he cu tiii giila edng n S nong dan va tti tinic, |
Tmdc day, khi tiiuc hipn hen mmh cdng - uong . I tilde, do nhieu nguyen nhan Dang eOng c6 nhilM khuyet diem nhat djnh, nhimg khuyit diim i y da d r a nhan tiiue vii sua chUa. d giai doan hipn nay, cilng vA' viec nang eao nimg luc lanh dao Clia Dang till diiu qua Bong la Xiic dinh vai tto Clia Nha nuoc - ngudi fliay mJ Dang to Chile, ehi dao nhiing m i i quan hp va n«i dn,»
hen mmh hue tiep giiia edng nlian, ndng din v4 tti th ve phuong dien vt mo. Bdi vi, mpi nghi quyit Clia 1 deu phai dupc Nha nupc tiii chi hda fliinh p h i p , chmh sach, phap lenh...; khong eo nhung phip 1 chmh saeh dung flj khong flii flnic diy phong ttio xuat kmh doanh lam cho dan giiu, nudc manh 11 huong hpp nay, can fliim nhuin ldi day cua Chii Ho Chi Minh: Neu din dm. Ding vi Chinh phii ei I neu dan rel li Bang va Chinh phu ca lit: niu dm <
I^Bangvi Chinh phi co Hi.- niu din Sm la Binm Utmh phu CO Hi
Neu tiling lpi Clia each mang Viet Nam ttpng cupe chong de qupc, phong kiiu, tiiuc hi«n khiu a
dpc lap dan toe" va '•nguoi eay cd mpng" khdng a c h rot su lanh dao diing din cila Dang Cdng sin V » Nam va dpng luc Ciich manghung hju la khii hen mini, cong - npng - tti fliue, nin tang Clia Mat ft^ dan t&
thon|nhat, flii fliaug lpi Clia edng cudc xay dtmg v i b ve To qnoc frong thcri ky qua dp len chu nghia xahdi:
yeu khong flie tach rdi ba nhin td quan ttpng cd quyet dinh ndi ttenn
(l)V.I Lenin. 7oa/,i<^, Nxb. M., 1977 TJS tr.452 (2) BitaBqing sin Viil Nan, Cumglmhxiy,l,„,ld„
"v'Slltirt ill,,ua an lin CNmnsb. ST. H mi "g J (3) Ding Cpng , „ v.a N™. Ki,, u^, B ,,l, ^ , ^ ^ (4) Ding Cgng ™ Vic, N«n, n, ftp, fl,,-,, •, j , j , ^ ^ {
»i«fa«rti.J7,NxbCrQG.H.,20ll,n-.80 ( " " « " ™ |
•-y l"«» chlnh tri & n^y£n thdn«
scr Ihdng 8-201&