l\^PK Xay diTng quy trinh xac djnh ham Itrcrng hcfp chat huTu ca de bay hdi trong mdi trUdng khong khi nham danh gia va giam sat 6 nhiem khong khi

P E T R O V I E T N A

l\^PK

Xay diTng quy trinh xac djnh ham Itrcrng hcfp chat huTu ca de bay hdi trong mdi trUdng khong khi nham danh gia va giam sat 6 nhiem khong khi

KS. Tran Khanh Tung Vien Ddu khi Viet Nam

Hoat dong cua cong nghiep dau khf va cac nganh cong nghiep co lien quan thiidng tao ra nhieu hop chat huTu co de bay hoi (Volatile Organic Compounds, VOCs). Day la nhufng hop chait huTu co de bay hoi d nhiet do t h u d n g , phan Idn dUOc xac djnh la co dpc tinh va de gay chay no. VI vay, viec tang cUorng giam sat ham luong cac cau tufVOCs trong moi trUcrng khong khi la dieu can thiet nhdm phuc vu cong tac kiem soat ve an t o a n , sure khoe va moi trUcrng.

D e xac dinh ham lupng cac cau tur VOCs phat sinh, chung ta can xay dUng quy trinh lay mau va phan tich. Quy trinh xay dUng se dUpc ap dung trong cong tac danh gia tac dpng moi trUorng va giam sat moi trUdng.

L G l d l THIEU

Trong thanh phan khi thai t d cdng nghiep dau khi va t d cae n g u d n khae (edng nghiep hda mau, giao t h d n g . . . ) t h u d n g t d n tai m d t lUpng dang ke cac hpp chat hdu co de bay hoi (VOCs).

Cae VOCs nay cd dac t i n h chu yeu sau:

-I- La nhdng hpp chat de bay hoi d nhiet dp t h u d n g (cd dang mach t h a n g , mach nhanh, mach vdng).

-I- Thanh phan cau tao ehu yeu g d m cacbon va hydro, ngoai ra ed the cd m d t sd nguyen t d khac n h d oxy, nito, luu h u y n h , do....

-I- Nhieu VOCs dUpe xac djnh la chat dpc, cd kha nang gay ra cae benh nhU ung thU, viem p h d i . . . va de gay chay nd cung nhU anh hUdng den mdi t r u d n g xung quanh.

-I- Sd lupng cae VOCs trong thue te rat Idn va len den hang ngan cau t d thude nhieu n h d m khae nhau.

Do vay, cung vdi sU phat trien cua eae nganh cdng nghiep, chung ta can tang cudng giam sat ham lupng cae VOCs phuc vu cdng tac kiem soat ve an toan, sde khde va mdi trUdng.

6 nUdc ta hien nay ndi chung va trong nganh Dau khi ndi rieng chua cd tieu ehuan hoae hUdng dan, quy djnh t h d n g nhat p h u o n g phap lay mau va phan tich mau xac djnh ham lUpng VOCs. Do do, chung ta can xay ddng m d t b d quy trinh chi tie't de hudng dan p h u o n g phap lay mau va phan tich nham xac djnh ham lUpng eae eau t d nay. Bd quy trinh se dUpe sd dung cho cdng tac danh gia va giam sat d nhiem mdi t r u d n g khdng khi tai eae edng trinh dau khi.

Quy trinh dUpc xay dUng tren eo sd ap d u n g nguyen tac cua tieu chuan ASTM D3686-08 va D3687-07 (American Society For Testing and Materials - Hoa Ky) ed bd sung, eai tien eae bude thUe hien de phu hpp vdi dieu kien thde tien tai Viet Nam.

DAU KHI - s 6 1/2011 41

AN TOAN - MOI TRUdNG DAU KHI

2. PHUONG

PHAP NGHIEN C U U

Cae phUPng phap ehinh sau day 6\jgc ap d u n g : -I- PhUPng phap ngien edu tai lieu.

3 . 1 . Pham vi nghien cuTu

Chung t d i Ida ehpn va lap danh sach eae cau tCl VOCs (Bang 1). Day la cac eau t d ed t r o n g thanh phan cac san p h a m cua n g a n h c d n g n g h i e p Ipe dau va hda -1- PhUPng phap thde

n g h i e m (lay mau, phan tich mau, t i n h toan ket qua).

-1- P h U P n g p h a p so sanh va phan tich t h d n g ke (ap d u n g cac ky t h u a t t h d n g ke t r o n g phan tieh de danh gia dp lap, d p t h u hdi tren mau ehuan cua phdPng phap...).

-1- P h u o n g p h a p ehuyen gia.

3. NOI DUNG NGHIEN

cCru

STT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

14

d

Bang 1. Danh sach

C a u tu'

M e t h a n e Ethane P r o p a n e iso-Butane

n-Butane Pentane B e n z e n e T o l u e n e Ethyl B e n z e n e

o-Xylene p-Xylene m-Xylene Vinyl chloride

Propylene

au.

ciu tu phan tich

C o n g thLFC p h a n tip

CH4 C2H6 C3H8 C4H10 C4H10 C5H12 CeHe C7H8 CaHio CsHio CsHio CsHio C2H3CI

C3H6

va cac thdng sd dac trung

T h o n g so

P h a n tu' lipcyng Nhiet do soi

(g/mol) (°C) 16

30 44 58 58 72 78 92 106 106 106 106 62,5 42

-161,6 -88,6 -42,1 -10,2 -0,6 36,1 80,1 110,6

136 144 138 139 -13 -47,6

3.2. X a y dipng q u y t r i n h

V i e c x a y d i / n g quy trinh du'p'c t h y c hien t h e o s a do s a u :

3.3. Tieu chuan ASTM-phUPng phap lay mau va phan tfch 3.3.1. Tieu chudn ASTM D 3 6 8 6 - 0 8

Standard Practice far Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Qrganic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method)

Tieu chuan nay dUa ra p h u o n g phap lay mau khdng khi de xac djnh ham lupng eae VOCs bang each hap phu len cac hat than hoat t i n h chda t r o n g d n g t h u y t i n h sd d u n g b o m hut thich hpp. PhUPng phap nay dugc d u n g de hap phu cac hoi h p p chat hdu CO phan cue va khdng phan cUc.

3.3.2. Tiiu chudn ASTM D 3687-07

Standard Practice for Analysis of Qrganic Compound Vapors by the Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method

Cae VOCs t r o n g khdng khi dupe hap phu len be mat than hoat t i n h va dUpc giai hap bang d u n g mdi CSj, sau d d dUOc xac djnh bang sac ky khi dau d d ion hda ngpn Ida (GC/FID). Phuong

Thu thap tai lieu, bien djch Xay dLPng 611 thao

i

quy trinh lay miu va phan tich Lay mau phan tich

i

thLF nghiem

i

^ - ^ Phan tich mau, ^ \ kiem soat ch^t

\ ^ lu'p'ng phan - Kho

Ra soat, danh gia quy trinh

ng <5at

.

Lay y kien chuyen gia Hoan thien quy trinh lay

mau va phan tich

4 2 DAU KHi - S6 1/2011

PETROVIETNA 3^

phap nay ddpc dung de xac dinh ham lupng cac hPi hpp chat hdu co phan eUc va khdng phan eUc.

3.4. Tdm tdt qud trinh thi/e nghiem

Toan bd ndi dung cac budc cdng viee td giai doan bat dau ehuan bj lay mau den giai doan phan tich thd nghiem ddpc tdm tat trong so do sau:

Lay miu bing than hoat tinh

Lip rip he thong lay mSu theo quy trinh

Tien h^nh lay mau theo cSc thong so trong quy

trinh

Xac djnh vj tri lay mau

Tien hanh qua trinh lly miu

-I- Nha may NhUa va hda chat Phu My (Ba Rja - Vung Tau).

Phuong phap lay mau:

+ Lay mau true tiep bang xy lanh: Hut mau bang xy lanh 250 - SOOmL cd van khda, dng dung de xae djnh eae cau tdkhiCl-C5.

-I- Hap phu lam giau mau bang than hoat tinh: Sd dung dng than hoat tinh loai 100/50mg, dng dung de xac djnh cae eau td khi BTEX va Vinyl chloride.

Lay mau tn/c tiep bang xy lanh

3.5. Lay mau

Nhdm nghien edu da tien hanh lay mau khdng khi de phue vu viee xay ddng quy trinh lay mau va phan tich tai cac dja diem nhu sau:

+ Nha may xd ly khi Dinh Cd (Ba Rja - Vung Tau);

-I-Tdng kho PVOIL (Tp. HCM);

3.6. Phan tich

Cac mau khi thu dUpc tai hien trudng dugc phan tich bang phUOng phap sac ky khi GC-FID, mau hap phu bang than hoat tinh dupe giai hap bang dung mdi CS2.

3.6.7. Ldm sgch dung mdi CS2 Dung mdi CS2 trUdc khi sd dijng dupe tinh che nham lam giam ham lUpng benzene vl day ddng thdi cung la cau td nghien cdu. Ham lUpng benzene sau xd ly chi edn 0,01pg/ml, tde da giam tren 99% va dap dng dupe yeu eau phan tich.

3.6.2. Phdn tieh trin sdc ky khi

Hai phan than hoat tinh da hap phu dupc ehuyen vao 2 vial 1,5ml khac nhau, eho chinh xae mpt Idpng dung mdi ml CSj da cd npi chuan 2,4,4 trimetyl-1-pentene vao mdi vial chda mau than da hap phu de thUe hien qua trinh giai hap trUde khi phan tich.

Thiet bj phan tich chinh la he sac ky Agilent Technologies 6890N Network GC. Qua trinh phan tieh mau chia lam 2 giai doan nhU sau:

DAU KHi - s 6 1/2011 4 3

A N T O A N - M O I T R U d N G D A U KHJ

-I-Giai doan 1:Tien hanh phan tich cac cac mau chda trong xylanh bang edt Agilent 19095P-S25 50m x SBOpm X 15|am chju nhiet tdi da d 2000C.

-I- Giai doan 2: Tien hanh phan tich cae mau dung mdi CSj sau giai hap bang cdt Agilent 122-1564 60m x 250|jm X 1,4|jm chju nhiet tdi da d 2600C.

J.6.3. Chudn bj hon hgp chudn

+ Hon hpp khi chuan Cl -C5 SCOTTY II.

+ Dung phan tich cac cau td methane, ethane, propane, butane, pentane, propylene.

-I- Dung djch chuan BTEX va vinyl chloride (pha trong dung mdi CS2 vdi ndi chuan la 2,4,4 trimetyl-1-pentene) dung de phan tich cae cau t d benzene, toluene, ethyl- benzene, xylene va vinyl choride.

STT 10 *Ham tu'O'ng (mg)

Trung binh dien tich peak

1 2 3 4 5

0,644 1,609 3,218 4,827 6,436

0,93 2,03 4,18 6,65 8,47

:h peak

"^

Die

10.00 - 8.00 - 6.00 4.00 2.00 -

0.000

M e t h a n e

j ^ . . - - ^ 1 . 3 3 3 x - 0 . 0 0 7

^ ^ ' ^ R' = 0.997

2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 106 * Ham lu'OTig (mg)

STT Nong do (mg/m^)

No!

chuan Peak T y l e

1

2 3 4 5

0,073 0,183 0,366 0,550 0,733

2,5 4,6 3,3 5,3 3,9

0,6 2,9 3,9 9,6 9,4

0,236 0,636 1,169 1,798 2,410

c

nzene/Die chuan n tich peak Be tich peak no

o

3000 - 2.500 - 2000 - 1.500 - 1.000 0.500 0.000 -

0.0

Benzene

V = 3.265x +0.005 ^ ^ R' = 0 999 ^^AT

00 0200 0.400 0.600 N6ng do (mg/m3)

0800

Hinh 1. Dudng chuan sic ky tieu bieu (Methane va Benzene)

— j L i

-r

Hinh 2. Sic dd tieu bieu cua hdn hgp cac ciu tu chuin (hon hgp C1-C5)

44 DAU KHf - sd 1/2011

P E T R O V I E T N A I

^y

M ^ ^ ^

'

•

^

'

-

9

i

.

i

i

AQ: Ti le dien tieh peak cua chat X trong mau trang.

b: He sd gde eua d u d n g chuan ddi vdi chat X.

a: Tung dp gde eua dudng chuan ddi vdi chat X.

V|(hi: The tich khi hap thu qua bay than d diem lay mau (L).

The tich khdng khi d dieu kien lay mau dupc quy doi ve the tich d dieu kien tieu ehuan theo cdng thde sau:

Hinh 3. Sic do tieu bleu cua cac diem tren duang chuin (dudng chuin hon hap C1-C5)

3.6.4. Tinh todn kit qud

+ D6\ vdi cac mau khi trong xylanh xae djnh C1-C5

Ham lupng chat X t i n h bang m g / m ^ khi dupe t i n h theo cdng thde sau:

Ks = Vm'

(A-AJ-a

A'(mg/m') = -xlO"

loop

Trong do:

A: Gia trj dien tieh peak eua chat X t r o n g mau.

AQ. Gia trj dien tich peak cua chat X trong mau trang.

b: He sd gde eua d u d n g ehuan ddi vdi chat X.

a: Tung d p gde eua d u d n g ehuan ddi vdi chat X.

+ Ddi vdi cae mau khi hap phu tren than hoat t i n h xae djnh BTEX

Ham lupng chat X t i n h bang m g / m ^ khi dupe tinh theo edng thde sau:

(A-AJ-a

X(mglm') = ^ xlO"

Trong dd:

A: Ti le dien tieh peak eua chat X t r o n g mau.

298 , Pm 112>+tm 1013

Trong dd:

Vm:The tieh mau khi sue qua d u n g djch hap t h u - lit Pm: Ap suat k h d n g khi t r o n g sudt qua t r i n h lay mau - hPa

t m : Nhiet d p k h d n g khi t r o n g sudt qua t r i n h lay mau - "C

3.7. Kiem soat chait lUcmg phan tich

Viec dam bao chat lUpng phan tich dupe thUe hien t h d n g qua eae phep phan tich t h d n g ke sau:

3.7.1. Mdu trdng

Phan tich mau trang dugc thiic hien moi khi s d d u n g hda chat mdi va djnh ky theo yeu cau cua t d n g p h u o n g phap phan tich. Sd lUpng mau trang la khoang 5% lUpng mau phan tich.

3.7.2. Kiem tra dp lap Igi, dp tdi lap npi bp

ThUc hien vdi mau lap tai phdng t h i nghiem, sd lupng mau lap quy djnh n h u sau:

-I- Khi tien hanh phan tich m p t loat mau thi phai phan tieh 10% mau lap tren t d n g sd mau phan tich.

-I- Op lech cua mau lap dUpc tinh theo edng thde sau:

Dd lech - R (%) = ^-^ x 100 % C

DAU KHi - S6 1/2011 4 5

AN TOAN - MOI TRUdNG DAU KHI J

Trong do: dC: Hieu ndng dp eua hai mau C: Gia trj ndng dp trung binh

Ket qua phan tieh eua loat mau thd ddpc xem la dat neu dp lech gida hai ket qua phan tieh lap nhd hon 20%.

Dp tai lap ndi bd cung dupe tien hanh vdi eung nguyen tae nhutren nhung do hai phan tich vien khae nhau cung tien hanh phan tich tren mdt mau vdi cung dieu kien thi nghiem (mau, thiet bj, hda chat...).

3.7.3. Kiem tra hiiu sudt thu hdi chdt them

Hieu sua't thu hdi chat them eung cd the sd dung de danh gia dp chinh xae cua phUPng phap phan tieh.

Kiem tra hieu sua't thu hdi chat them bang each them mdt lupng chat ehuan da biet trUde ndng dp vao mau, sau dd tien hanh phan tich va tinh toan hieu suat thu hdi chat them theo cdng thde sau:

HSTHiVo)

Trong dd:

C,

huun+mau

C,

•huan * J Q Q

Gia tri do cua mau cd them chat ehuan da biet ndng dp.

Qhuan- *^i3 ^H ^° ^ua lUpng ehuan them vao tinh theo ly thuyet.

Crnau: Gia trj do cua mau khdng ed chat chuan.

3.7.4. Xdc dinh gidi hgn phdt hiin (LOO) cua phuang phap Gidi han phat hien la ham lUpng nhd nhat cua chat phan tieh cd the phat hien bdi quy trinh.

Oe xac djnh thde nghiem LOD cua quy trinh, tien hanh do tin hieu nen YgL cua mau trang vdi n > 20. TCf dd tinh ra SBL- Bddc dau tinh gidi han phat hien eua tin hieu nen, ky hieu la LODy:

L0DY = Ymin-YBL = 3xsBL

Sau dd lay LODy chia cho he sd gde b trong phuang trinh hdi quy Y = a -i- bW de tinh ra SBL,„ va LOD:

LOD = 3 X SBL,W 3.8. Ti'nh toan ket qua phan tfch

+ Ket qua phan tieh mau kiem soat chat lUdng - Op lap: Cac gia trj ghi nhan dupe bien thien trong khoang 4 - 1 9 % .

Bang 2. Ham luang cac ciu tu C1-C5 (gia tri trung binh cho tirng tram)

STT

1 2

3

4

5 6

7

Dja diem

Dinh Co

PVOil

Nhua v a H C Phil My

Vjtri

Cong xuat LPG trudc day Bdn chira Condensate Bon ehifa xang thanh pham

Bdn chira xang thanh pham Ngoai hang rao Khu VUG cong nghe

Khu wc cong nghe Ki hieu mau

DC-1 DC-2

PO-1

PO-2

PO-3 PM-1

PM-2

Ham lu'gng (mg/m^)

CH4

5,44 3,51

0,895

1,02

0,894 2,13

1,57

C2H6

3,23 2,13

1,51

0,927

0,098 2,60

1,98

C3H8

3,35 2,11

1,83

1,01

0,095 0,082

0,102

n-C4Hio

2,32 2,68

1,96

2,20

0,925 0,095

0,074

iso- C4H10 0,925 1,13

1,72

1,53

0,456 0,069

0,072

C5H12

2,10 1,23

2,12

3,89

0,145 KPH

KPH

C3H6

0,982 1,12

0,958

0,828

0,095 0,099

0,078

46 DAU KHi - s6 1/2011

PETROVIETNAI

Gi&i han phat hien LOD

LOD (mg/m^) CH4

0,024

C2H6 0,038

C3H8 0,022

Bang 3. Ham lugng cac ciu

STT

1

2

3

4

5

6

7 Dja d i e m

Dinh Co

P V O i l

Nhira v a H C Phil

My

V j t r i Cong x u i t LPG tru'dc (Jay Bon chira Condensate Bon chira xang thanh pham Bon chira xang thanh pham Ngoai hang rao Khu vLrc cong nghe Khu v y c cong ngh?

iVIIu

DC-1

DC-2

PO-1

PO-2

PO-3

PM-1

PM-2

n

tu BTEX

B e n z e n e

0,094

0,628

1,68

2,23

0,060

0,021

0,019 -C4H10 0,023

iso-C4Hio C5H12 0,022

va vinyl chloride (gia

T o l u e n e

0,068

0,407

0,064

0,051

0,036

< 0,014 0,020

KPH

m,p-Xylene

0,038

0,056

0,053

0,040

< 0 , 0 1 3 - 0,029

< 0 , 0 1 3 - 0,018

KPH

0,028

C3H6 0,023

tri trung binh cho tung tram)

o-Xyiene

0,033

0,045

0,053

0,045

0,027

< 0 , 0 1 4 - 0,018

KPH

E t h y l - benzene

0,044

0,053

0,064

0,068

0,043

< 0 , 0 1 3 - 0,041 K P H - 0,040

Vinyl c h l o r i d e

KPH KPH

KPH

KPH

KPH

0,068

< 0 , 0 1 9 - 0,029

Gi&i han phat hien LOD

L C D ( m g / m ' )

B e n z e n e

0,009

T o l u e n e

0,014

m , p- x y l e n e

0,013

0 -xylene 0,014

E t h y l - b e n z e n e

0,013

V i n y l - chloride

0,019

COI A. [8*C(X>^t*W*TC«BTEXDC-'-iOi

Hinh 4. Sic do GC/FID tieu biiu cho miu BTEX (mau tai Dinh Cd)

- Do tai lap ndi bd: Cac gia trj dp lech bie'n thien trong khoang 4,4 - 9,2%.

- Op thu hdi:

Phep phan tich dp thu hdi dugc thUe hien d 3 mde ndng dp eau td ehuan, gia trj dp thu hdi dao ddng trong khoang 76-81%.

-I-Tai Nha may xd ly khi Dinh Cd

Chung tdi phat hien hau het cae eau t d C1-C5 va BTEX.

Ngoai trd khi methane vdn tdn tai trong mdi trUdng khdng khi vdi ham lupng nhat djnh, cac cau t d dupc phat hien cdn lai tUOng ddi phu hpp vdi thUc te hoat ddng cua Nha may xd ly khi Dinh Cd vdi san pham chinh la khi khd (trong thanh phan chu yeu la Cl va mdt phan C2), LPG (chda nhieu C3-C4) va condensate (chda nhieu eau t d mach cacbon Idn hon).

Trong qua trinh hoat ddng eua nha may, mdt phan cac cau td neu tren cd the theo ddng hoi san pham thoat ra ngoai mdi trudng khdng khi xung quanh.

DAU KHi-s6 1/2011 47

AN TOAN - MOI TRUdNG DAU KHi

-I-Tai t d n g kho PVOIL

Tai t d n g kho PVOIL cung phat hien hau het cae eau t d C1-C5 va BTEX. Trong khudn vien nha may, ham lupng cac eau t d nhin ehung eao hon gia trj tUPng dng tai tram ngoai hang rao. Tdng kho PVOIL la t d n g kho xang dau nen trong mdi t r d d n g khdng khi ed khuynh hudng t d n tai hoi eua eae cau t d nang n h u BTEX.

-I- Tai Nha may Nht/a va hda chat Phu My Cac cau t d Cl -C5 dupe phat hien d mde kha t h a p so vdi eae edng trinh khac. Tuy nhien, cau t d vinyl chloride dupe phat hien tai day. Oieu nay cung p h u hpp vdi thUc te vl m o n o m e r vinyl chloride dugc nha may d u n g lam nguyen lieu de t d n g hpp nhUa PVC.

4. SO SANH QUY TRINH XAY DLTNG DUOfC VCfl QUY TRiNH CUA TIEU CHUAN ASTM

4 . 1 . Quy trinh laiy mau

- Oiem gidng nhau: DiJa tren p h u a n g phap hap phtj eae VOCs bang than hoat t i n h . Oay la p h u o n g phap hap phu ehu d d n g dupe dng d i j n g rdng rai t r o n g phan tich khi.

- Oiem cai tien: Quy trinh ma chung tdi xay diJng da ket hpp vdi p h u o n g phap lay mau triJe tiep bang xy lanh d u n g phan tieh cac khi C1-C5.

4.2. Quy trinh phan tich mau

- Oiem g i d n g nhau: Dua tren p h u o n g phap giai hap phu cae VOCs tren than hoat t i n h bang d u n g m d i CS2 va phan tieh bang he sac ky GC/FID.

- Oiem eai tien: Quy trinh da ket hpp t h e m phUPng phap phan tieh mau khi t h u dupe bang p h u a n g phap lay mau trUe tiep sd d u n g xy lanh.

Quy trinh da neu ra dupe nhdng ndi d u n g ehi tiet nham giup ngUdi phan tieh ed the trien khai edng viee m d t each nhanh chdng va phu hpp vdi t i n h hinh thuc tien, cu the nhU sau:

-I- Chi rd eae diem can luu y cung n h u trang thiet bj bao hd chuyen d u n g can thiet khi sd d i j n g d u n g mdi CSj;

+ Dda ra chi tie't phUPng phap pha dung djch ehuan g d m chuan cau t d nghien cdu va ndi chuan.

-I- Chuan hda cac thao tae phan tich va thao tac van hanh he t h d n g sac ky, vi du qua trinh bom CS2 vao vial chda than d trang thai kin. Oiem can luu y la khi b a m khi t r o n g xy lanh vao loop mau sao eho mau phan b d deu t r o n g loop;

+ Dda ta q u y t r i n h t i n h che d u n g mdi CSj cd nhiem Benzene;

+ Dda ta gidi han phat hien va phuang phap tinh LOD.

Tren co sd ket qua d a f dupe, eae quy trinh lay mau va phan tieh mau dupe danh gia la ed the ap d u n g t r o n g edng tae quan trae mdi trUdng khdng khi nham xac djnh ham lupng cae VOCs n h d da neu.

5. SOAN THAO QUY TRINH

Ket thue qua t r i n h thiJe n g h i e m , n h d m tae gia da xay d u n g dUpe 2 q u y t r i n h sau:

-I- Quy trinh lay mau: Xac djnh ham lUpng hpp chat hdu ea de bay hai t r o n g mdi t r u d n g khdng khi.

-I- Quy trinh phan tich: Xac djnh ham lUpng hpp chat hdu ca de bay hai t r o n g mdi t r u d n g khdng khi.

6 . KET L U A N

Cac quy t r i n h phan tieh VOCs da ddgc xay dung cd t i n h thi/c ti#n eao, da neu ra dUpe cac ndi dung ve:

pham vi ap d u n g , nguyen tae, d u n g cu, hda chat, cac bude tien hanh thUc n g h i e m , p h u o n g phap kiem soat chat lupng phan tieh.

Cd the ap d u n g quy trinh nay de phan tieh cac cau t d khac cd t i n h chat hda ly tUOng t d cac cau t d thupc pham vi nghien edu. Vi du nhU d u n g than hoat tinh de hap phu eae eau t d phan CIJ'C khac (eyelohexane, cyelo- hexanol..) va phan tich tren edt phan cdc DB-VRX.

Cae quy trinh nay sau khi ban hanh cd the ap d u n g de xac d j n h ham l u p n g cac VOCs t r o n g quan trae mdi t r u d n g eae edng t r i n h dau khi hoae cac nganh cdng nghiep khae cd lien quan.

4 8 DAU KHI - s o 1/2011

P E T R O V I E T N A

TAI LIEU T H A M K H A O

1. Cu Thanh Long, 2007. Phuang phdp Thdng ki trong ThUc nghiem Hda hgc. Nha xuat ban Giao due.

2. PDC, 2008. Bdo cda gidm sdt mdi trUdng dinh ky Tdng kho xdng ddu Vung Tdu.

3. Agilent Technologies, 2005. The Instrument and Accessories Catalogue, European Edition.

4. ASTM. D3686-95, ASTM. D3686-08. Standard Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Qrganic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method).

5. ASTM. 03687-95, ASTM. D3687-07. Standard Practice for Analysis of Organic Compound Vapors Collected by the Activated Charcoal Tube Adsorption Method.

6. Dean, R.B., and Dixon. Simplified Statistics for

Small Numbers of Observations. Analytical chemistry, Vol 23, 1951, p p . 6 3 6 - 6 3 8 .

7. N I O S H S t a n d a r d C D C 9 9 - 7 4 - 4 5 . Documentation of NIOSH Validation Tests.

8. NIOSH S t a n d a r d HSM 9 9 - 7 1 - 3 1 . Personnel Sampler Pump For Charcal Tubes, Final report.

9. Levadie, B., and Maeaskill, S.M. Analysis of Organic Solvents Taken on Charcoal Tube Samplers by Simplified Technique.Ar\aiyt\ca\ chemistry, Vol 48, No

1, 1976, pp.76-78.

10. OSHA Standard. CFR 1910 General Industrial OSHA Safety and Health Standard

11. Turner, B.C., and Glotfelty, D.E. Field Sampling of Pesticide Vapors with Polyurethane Foam. Analytical chemistry. Vol 49,1977, pp.7 - 1 0 . ™

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