Bmh luan an
Xet xii bo sung
hay phai khang nghi?
Hi^n tnrong mpt v^ tai nan xe may
K
hoing 21 gid ngay 11/01, Ngd Thidt H siiih nim ,1983, khdng cd giiy phep lai xe, dang didu khidn xe md td chd chi Le Thi Hoang O chay vdi tdc do 50 km/h. Khi di den ngi tu cat dudng lien xa sd 2 thugc ap xdm Hd, xa Phu Hpi, huydn Nhan Trgch, tinh Ddng Nai, thi phat hidn xe may Dream do Phan Van Msinhnam 1973,cd giiy phep lai xe, dang didu khien xe chgy vdi t6c do 40 km/h. M cung nhin thay xe cua H nhung ca hai ddu khdng giam tdc dp. Do M khdng nhudng dudng cho xe do H dieu khidn tu hudng ben phii darig di den ngi tu, nen xe do H didu khien dim vio gifta xe do M dilu khien vd phia bdn phai Iam ci hai xe deu bi dd. Tai nan xay ra lim chi Hoang O ngdi sau xe cua H nga xudng dudng, tii vong do chan thuang sp nio, H va M deu bi thuong nh?.Anh minh hga Ban an hinh su sa thim ciia Tda an nhin dan tinh D da ip dung khoin I Didu 202, diem p khoan 1 va khoin 2 Didu 46 Bp luit Hinh sy (ddi vdi M); didm a khoan 2 Dilu 202, didm p khoan 1 va khoan 2 Dilu 46, Dilu 47 (ddi vdi H); Dilu 42 Bd Iuat Hinh su, xir phat Phan Van M vi Ngd Thidt H mdi bi cao 18 thing tii deu ve tpi "Vi phgm quy dinh vd didu khien phuang tien giao thdng dudng bd"; ip dyng Dieu 614 Bd luit Din sy budc M vi H phii lidn ddi bdi thudng cho ba Le Thi T li ngudi dai didn hgp phap cua ngudi bi hgi (ving mat tai phidn tda) 17.700.000 ddng, chia phin mdi bi cao phai bdi thudng 8.850.000 ddng. Tilp tuc tgm gift hai xe may Clia Phan Vin M va Ngd Thilt H dl dim bao thi hinh an.
Sau khi xet xir so tham trong
han luat dinh, Phan Van M khing cio xin dugc hudng an treo; Ngd Thilt H khing cao de nghi xem xet Igi toan bd vu in.
Do ving mat tai phidn tda so tham, ndn ba Le Thi T giri dan din Tda in nhin din^ tinh D xin trich luc ban an so thim. Sau khi nhgn dugc trich luc ban in so thim, bi T giri dan khang cao vdi ndi dung: xin giam hinh phat cho Ngd Thidt H v i ydu ciu tang miic bdi thudng. Do khdng nhan dugc dan khang cio cua bi T ndn tda an cap so tham khdng thdng bao cho nhiing ngudi cd lien quan bidt la ngoai khang cao ciia H vi M thi cdn cd ba T cung khang cao.
Tai ban an hinh sy phflc thim, tda in cap phuc tham da xir y in ddi vdi H va M, nhung lai ap dung khoan 2 Dieu 202 Bd luat Hinh su 1999. Trong ban an phuc thim ghi ngudi dai dien hgp phap cua ngudi bl hai khdng khang cao. Tuy nhidn, sau khi xet xu phuc tham, bi Le Thi T khieu nai, cho rang tda an cap phiic thim xac dinh ba khdng khang cio la khong diing va ba T xuat trinh cic tai lieu giiy td lien quan ddn vide ba cd khapg cao;
kidm tra hd so vu an thi thiy trong hd sa vu in cd luu don khang cao cua bi T (cd sd biit luc) va khing cao cua ba T la khang cio hgp Id.
Theo giii trinh ciia thim phin chii tga phidn tda phiic thim thi trong qua trinh nghidn ciiu hd so vy an khdng phat hien cd don khang cio cua ba T; tudng ring bi T khdng khang cio ndn trong bin in phuc thim mdi ghi nhu vay.
i
LUAT s u VIET NAM j SO 41 T H A N G 4-2016
Van de dat ra trong vu an nay li: Vide giai quydt khang cao cua ba T se dugc thyc hien nhu the nao?
Cd y kidn cho rang, hdi ddng xet xir phiic tham khdng cd loi khi khang dinh ngudi dai dien hgp phap CLia ngudi bj hai khdng khang cao, vi khi xet xu phiic thim, hdi ddng xet xir khdng biet ba T co khang cao; day la tinh tidt mdi ma khi xet xii phiic tham toa an khong the bidt dupc, neu can giai quydt dan khang cao cua ba T thi khang nghi theo thu tuc tai tham huy ban an phuc tham de xet xir phiic tham lai. Ngugc lai. cd y kien cho ring, neu toa an cap phiic thim chua xet khing cao ciia ba T thi tilp tuc md phidn toa phiic tham de xet xir bang mdt ban an phflc tham khac, ma khdng can phai huy ban an phuc thim da xet xii de xet xii phiic tham lai. \ i ban an phuc thim
^ khdng VI pham nghidm trpng thu I tuc td tung, ve npi dung cflng chi ' y an so tham.
Ldi binh
Trudc het, ndi ve don khang cao ciia ba T dupc lam trong han luat dinh. nen phai coi la khang cao hgp Id. Toa an cap phuc tham chua xet khang cao ciia ba T la vi pham nghiem trong phap luat Trong trudng hgp nay, co thd khi xet xii phiic tham, hdi ddng xet xii khdng biet trong hd so co dan khang cao ciia ba T, nlu cd can cir kharig djnh hpi ding xet xu phiic tham biet ma vin ghi trong ban an phiic tham la "ngudi dai dien hgp phap ciia ngudi bi hgi khdng khang cao" thi chu tpa phien tda \a cac thanh vidn cua hdi ddng xet xu phflc thim da
"cd y ra ban an trai phap luit".
Nhung cung khdng thi lay ly do cua viec khong biet do de cho rang do la tinh tiet mdi dugc phat hidn de khang nghi ban an phiic tham theo thu tuc tai thim. bdi le, trach nhiem ctia tham phan chii
toa phien tdala phai dpc ky ho sa va chac chin neu dgc ky ho so thi khong the khong phat hidn cd don khang cao cua bi T, vi don khang cao de trong hd sa vu in cd danh so but luc. Trong trudng hgp niy, chi cd the xac djnh do cau tha, thieu trach nhiem trong viec nghien cuu hd so vu in nen tham phan da khdng phat hien dugc ba T co don khang cao va do khdng phai la can cii dd khing nghj tai thim.
Gia thiet dan khang cao cua bi T khdng dugc luu trong hd so vu an. khi xet xir phiic thim. hdi ddng xet xir ciing khdng phat hien ba T cd khang cao, ma toa an cap phuc tham chua xet don khing cao ciia ba T va trong ban an phuc thim cung khong dl cap gi den khang cao cfla ba T thi cin phin biet:
Tnrong hgp thu nhdt. Neu khang cao ciia ba T khdng lien quan gi den cac bi cao khac hoac nhimg ngudi tham gia tl tung khac trong vu an thi tda an cip phiic tham cd the md phidn tda phiic thim, tiep tuc xet Idling cao ciia ba T Va trong trudng hop nay, tda an cap phuc tham khdng dugc quyet dinh theo hudng bat Igi cho bl cao \ a nhiing ngudi tham gia td tung khac trong vu an.
Tnr&ng hop thu hai. NIU khang cao cua bi T cd lien quan den cac bi cao va nhimg ngudi tham gia to tung khac trong vu an, thi ban an phiic tham ciia tda an cap phiic tham phai bi huy theo thfl tuc giam ddc tham dl xet xir phiic tham Iai. Trong \u an nay, don khang cao ciia ba T cd ndi duns xin giam hinh phat cho bi cao Ned Thidt H va yeu ciu tang muc b'di thudng cho ba Nhu vay. npi dung khang cao ciia ba T cd lien quan den hinh phgt cua bi cao H va ddn khoan tien boi thudng thiet hgi ciia ca hai bi cao H va M nen khdng the xet xii phnc thim bd sung ve don khang cao ciia ba T dugc.
Mat khac, xet vd ndi dung cii quyet dinh cua tda an cip phiii thim trong vu in nay thi thiy, \(
CO giay phep lai xe, nen tda an c^
so tham ip dung khoan 1 Dilu 203 Bd luat Hinh su la diing phip Iuat M khang cao xin giam nhe hinl phgt, khdng cd khang cao hoac khang nghi theo hucmg tang hinh phat hoac ap dung dilu khoan ciia Bp luat Hinh sy ve tpi nang hon ddi vdi M, nhung tda an cip phiic thim Igi ap dyng dilm a khoan 2 Dieu 202 Bg lugt Hinh sir nam 1999 theo hudng khdng cd Igi cho bi cao la vi phgm khoan 3 Dilu 249 Bg luat Td tiing hinh su nam 2003.
Ddi vdi Ngd Thilt H dilu khidn xe' may khdng cd bang lai, di qua tic do da dam vio xe ciia M; bi cao H chi cd mdt tinh tidt giam nhe quy dinh tai Dilu 46 Bd luit Hinh sir, nhung tda in cip sa tham lai ap dung them Didu 47 Bp luat Hinh su de xir phgt bj cao dudi miic thip nhat cua khung hinh phat la khong dimg phap luit. Khi xet xu phiic tham, toa an cap phuc tham khong nhiing khong khac phuc sai sot nay ma vin ap_ dung Dieu 47 Bp Iuat Hinh sy ddi vdi ca hai bi cao la khdng diing Vl muc hmh phat, Phan Van M khdng nhudng dudng cho Ngd Thiet H la vi phgm luat giao thdng dudng bd, nhung la loi it nghiem trpng, cdn Ngd Thidt H cd ldi nghiem trpng hon trong viec gay ra hiu qua ciia vu tai nan giao thdng nay; vide danh gia dung mirc do ldi ciia timg bj cao de quyet dinh hinh phat va muc bii thudng thidt hai theo diing quy dmh ciia phap luit la rat can thiet.
Vi vay, de giii quyet don khang cio cua ba Le Thj T va siia chua nhirng sai lam ciia tda an cap phuc tham thi chi cd the khang nghj ban an phuc tham theo thu tuc giam ddc tham nhim huy ban an phuc thim dd xet xii phflc thim Iai thi mdi giai quyet tridt de duac nhung vi phgm ciia hai cip toa an trong vu an nay •
LUAT SUVIET NAM 1 5 0 4 1 THANG 4-