KINH TE DOI NGOAI
Xudt khdu hang nong san tinh Hai Duong sang thj trudng Chdu A: thuc trqng va giai phap
NGUYEN HUY CANH
3§^ di viet ddnh gid. tdng quan tinh hinh xudt khdu ndng sdn cua tinh Hdi DiMng vdo thi
^ ^ trudng Ch&u A giai doan 2010 - 2014 vd dS xudt mdt sdkidn nghi nham cdi thien hoat dong xudt khdu ndng sdn cua tinh sang cde thi trUdng ndy.
Tii khoa: ndng sdn, lOi tkdso sanh, canh tranh, xudt khau Tidng sdn, Hdi DiAfng.
1. Thtfc t r a n g xuat kh^u nong san cua t i n h Hai DUdng
Mat hang ndng san xu^t kh^u cua tinh Hai DUdng kha da dang vdi trin 10 mat hang khac nhau. Ben canh nh&ig mat hang cd sd^
lUdng xu^t kh^u cao nhU: gao n^p cai hoa vang, tinh bdt san, vai say khd, lac nhan, dUa chudt bao tut, cac doanh nghiip san xu^i ndng san xuat kh^u ciing dang tidh hanh khai thac kinh doanh mot so* mat hang ndr^
san khac nhu ngd bao tut, ca rot, long nhan,
chu& khd, hanh khd, cac san ph^m tut dt...
San lUdng xuat kh^u nhQng mat hang nay tuy cdn thap va chUa cd cho dting trdn thi trudng th^ gidi nhung ci thi trudug Chau A lai cd tdc dd tang kim ngach xu^t khau kha cao va on dmh (bang 1). 5 mat hang la gao nep cai hoa vang, tinh hot sin, vai s&y khd, lac nhan, dUa chudt bao tut la nhiing mat hang ndng san xu^t khiu chu lUc cua tmh Hai DUdng ludn chiem trin 80% kim ngach xuat kh^unor^ san (XKNS) toan tinh.
BANG 1: Gia tri XK h a i ^ NS cua tinh Hai Dtftfng sang thi tnfdng mot so nifdc Chau A BVT: nghin USD
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Loai Dong san Vai rinhbatsln L^cnhan Gaon^ c^ hoa v^g Dila chudt bao tii Long nhan ChuSi kh6 HinhldiO S ^ phdm t£r 6t Ng6 bao tijr caitft T6ng gia tri XKNS Tdng gia tri xujft khAu 5 mat h ^ g chinli ChiSn ty le (%)
2010 26.128,427 21.038,501 11.747,632 7.673,293 3.183,940 2.961,352 2.345,628 2759,049 2.283,135 2754,129 2.652,019 85.527,105 69.771,793 81,58
2011 34.892,401 19.238,291 12.031,648 8.992,745 3.402,847 2.598,230 2.339,163 2.923,688 2.702,762 2.365,257 2.164,805 93.651,837 78.557,932 83.88
2012 32.352,478 23.827,192 12.158,769 7.185,456 3.793,074 2.234,871 2.305,829 3.238,714 2.191,273 2.238,205 1.913,046 93.438,907 79.316,969 84,89
2013 40.131,819 25.176,183 14.317,962 7.809,857 4.091,359 2.463,453 2.389,042 3.243,457 2.401,467 2.249,468 2.294,657 106.568,724 91.527,180
85,89 2014 38.700,738 27.328,034 12.018J06 9.275,665 4.501,835 2.658,596 3.401,896 2.694,568 3.614,850 3.325,647 3.398,465 110.918,500 91.824,478
82,79 Ngudn: Cue "ITiflng ke linh Hai Dttdng.
Nguyin Huy CSnh, Tnr&ng (Jai hoc Kifi^n triic HS Nai.
Nghien ciiu Kinh t4s6l1 (462) - Thing 11/2016
93
Xuat khau hang n6ng sin ,
Thi trUdng Chau A vdi dan so' chiem 60% t i n h Hai Dudng s a n g t h i t r u d n g C h a u A da t h i ' gidi - t r e n 4 ty ngUdi tieu dung, la mdt gdp p h a n tich cue thiic day td'c do t a n g thi trudng rdng Idn vdi k h a n a n g t i i u t h u trUdng kinh t e thUdng m a i cua t i n h trong hang hoa doi dao. Kim ngach xua't k h a u cua thdi gian qua (bang 2).
BANG 2: Kim ngach xua't k h a u n o n g s a n c u a tinh Hai Difofng s a n g thi t n f d n g m o t so' nifdc Chau A
BVT: nghin USD
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Thi trifdng nhap kh^u Trung Quib'c Dai Loan Nhat Ban HSn Qa6c Xingapo Malaixia L i o Campuchia
Tong
2010 24.631,068 16.329,902 14.720,284 10.291,735 7.927,281 4.715,027 3.628,426 3.283,382 85.527,105
2011 27.362,381 18.902,318 15.284,593 8.134,024 8.834,029 5.284,349 5.274,583 4.575,560 93.651,837
2012 25.274,294 17.927,006 15.328,394 9.234,420 9.276,392 5.138,118 5!892.281 5.368,002 93.438,907
2013 30.345,273 21.346,358 16.349,038 10.377,274 9.348,839 6.263,490 6.827,208 5 7 1 1 , 2 4 4 106.568,724
2014 27.028,628 23.423,888 17.836,937 12.745,072 11.735,480 6.246,391 5.274,792 6.627,312 110.918,500 Nguon Cue Th^ng ke tinh Hai Duong.
Bang 2 cho thay tong kim ngach XKNS cua tinh Hai Dudng sang thi tmicing mot so'nvidc ci Chau A tang d^n qua cac nam, tiJf 85.527,105 nghin USD nam 2010 len 93.651,837 nghin USD nam 2011 va tang len den 110.918,500 nghin USD nam 2014. Xem xet chi tiet hdn thi kim ngach XKNS cua tinh Hai DUdng sang thi trudng mot so nudc Chau A thdi ky tut nam 2010 den nam 2014 hang nam deu tang, chiing to hang hoa nong san tham nhap vao thi trudng mot so nit6c Chau A ngay cang nhieu, quan he thUdng mai v6i thi trudng mot Sd nude Chau A ngay cang khang khit. Nam 2012, XKNS cua tinh Hai Dudng sang thi trUOng Trung Quoc, Dai Loan va Lao khong tang so vdi cac nam 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, nguyen nhan chinh la do cac nUdc nay phai nhap kh^u mot lUdng 16n hang nong san vi mat mua vad nam 2011, nen nhu cau nhap khau hang neng san da giam vao nam 2012.
Mot nguyen nhan nQa ciing khong kem phan quan trpng la nam 2012 do khung hoang kinh te nen miJc do nhap khau hang hoa cac nude trong khu vUc Chau A bi chiing lai. NhU v&y, viec cac nudc nhap khau hang nong san cua
tinh Hai Dudng 5 Chau A phuc hoi sau khiing hoang ciing da co nhiing tac dong tich ciic den xuat khau ciia tinh. ChSng h a n nhii kim ngach XKNS cua tinh sang thi tntcJng Han Quo'c: nam 2010 dat 10.291,735 nghin USD, n a m 2011 giam xuo'ng con 8.134,024 nghin USD, nam 2012 lai tang len 9.234,420 nghin USD, nam 2013 va 2014 tiep tuc t i n g la 10.377,274 nghin USD va 12.745,072 nghin USD.
BANG 3: Toe do t a n g tniotag binh quan XKNS cua tinh Hai Diftfng sang thi trifdng
mot so nifcTc Chau A, giai doan 2010 - 2014
(%)
STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Chan A Trung QuO'c Dai Loan Nhat Ban Han Quoc Xingapo Malaixia L i o Campuchia
Giai doan 2010 - 2014 8,83 4,32 _ 11,10
8,77 11,11 23,60 12,78 17,73 27.88 Ngudn' Tfnh loan cua tac giii.
9 4 Nghien ctiu Kinh tesd 11 (462) - Thangri^^
XuA KhlH Una nang sin ...
Bang 3 cho thSy, toe do tang trU&ig binh qufin XKNS cua tinh sang thi trudng mot so nuac Chau A dat 8,83%/nam trong giai doan 2010 - 2014, trong do cao nhtft la thi trUcIng Campuchia dat 27,88% v& thap nhlit la thi truSng Trung QuSc dat 4,32%.M|ic du Campuchia, Xingapo v^ Lao la nhiing thi truSng XKNS cua tinh co miic
d6 tang tru&ig cao vk d^u, nhUng Trung QuSc, D4i Loan va Nhftt Ban mdi 14 nhfing thi trudng m i tinh c6 kim ngach XKNS cao nhSt. X^t ve thi trUcIng XKNS cua tinh sang cic uilflc Chau A thi Trung Quoc v5n lu6n chiSm ty trong Ifin nhtt, ti^p dfi la Dai Loan, Nh&t Ban, H4n Quoc, Xingapo (bang 4).
BANG 4: Ty trong cua tfing kim ng^ch XKNS sang thi trtfdng mot sS mi6c d Chau A so vdi tong kim ngach XKNS c&a tinh Hai Dtfdng
STT
1
2
3
Tdng kun ngach XKNS c ^ tinh (nghin USD)
Tdng kim ngach XKNS v^o mdt s6 nude Chau A (ngHn USD)
Ty trong (%)
2010 ill
93.624,183
85.527,105
91,35
2011
108.362,486
93.651,837
86,42
2012
112.563,390
93.438,907
83,01 2013
121.462,726
106568,724
87,74 2014
m.289,284'^
110.918500
81,38 1 Vdi cdc thi tnidng:
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Tiung Qutfc (%) D i i Loan (%) MiatBin(%) HmQu<fc(%) Xmgapo (%) Malaixia (%) L i o ( % ) Campuchia (%)
26,31 17,44 15,72 10,99 8,47 - 5,04
3,88 3,51
25 J 5 17,44 14,11 7,51 8,15 4,88 4,87 4,22
22,45 15,93 13,62 8,20 8,24 4,56 5,23 4,77 •
24,98 17,57 14,28 9,37 9,34 5,98 5,62 0,59
19,83 17,19 • 16,02 10,09 9,34 4,58 3,87 0,46
Ngudn: Tinh to&n cua tac gia.
Cac hoat d6ng to chtic san xuat, che bien hang nong san xuSi kh^u cua cac doEuih nghiep xu^t khiu cua tinh Hai Dudng phu thuSc vao nhieu y^u td: chtft litdng san ph^m, trinh d6 may m6c thi^t bi, cong tac bao quan sau.thu hoach, vi$c kp dung he th^ng quan 1^
chat litdng, miic d6 v§ sinh an to&n thUc pham, cong nghe ch^bien thiic ph^m.
2. Danh giS. thi^c t r a n g xuat kh^u udng san ciia tinh Hai Ducfug V^ trtnh d6 cong ngh$: trtnh d6 may m6c, thi^t bi, thUc t^ trong th&i gian qua cac doanh nghi§p ch^ bien XKNS da nh^n thtic diidc tha quan trong cua khoa hoc c6ng ngh§, da c6 sii d^u tii mua sSm may
moc, thiet bi dl phuc vu san xu^t, che bien ddp ting yeu c^u cua thi tnidng. Tuy vay, cdc doanh nghiep d^u \k doanh nghi§p viia vk nho, ti^m liic tai chinh kem n@n dau tii chiia d6ng bo, may m6c, thi^t bi sii diing chiia hign dai so vdi th^ gidi.
Van d^ bao quan sau thu hoach, hien nay, h§ th6hg kho hang cua cac doanh nghiep tuong d6i nhi^u, dimg liidng 16n, tuy nhi§n co mdt so kho, bai da bi xu^Tng cdp, mai nha dot, n^n kho bi ii6t khdng dam bao an toan cho hang hda trong kho. Vide ap dung cac he th^ng quan 1^ chat lildng khdng hoan todn loai trii cdc mdi nguy doi vdi an toan thiic pham, nhiing nd cho phdp xdc djnh cac moi
NghiSn ciJU Kinhtdsdll (462) - TTiing 11/2016 95
Xuat khi^u hing n6ng sdn .
nguy vd bidn p h a p ki^m soat diia trdn cd sd khoa hoc n h a m q u a n ly a n toan thilc ph^m.
Cdng nghd che bien thiic p h ^ m ndng san xudt k h a u cua t i n h cdn k e m vi vay md phSn Idn cdc san p h ^ m ndng s a n xud^t khilu cua t i n h chu ydii cdn d d a n g t h o hoac mdi chi qua sd che.
Cdng tdc t h u t h d p thdng t i n v^ t h i tritdng chiia dUdc cdc doanh nghiep.
Kha n a n g tid'p cdn ngudn vdn cua cdc doanh nghidp XKNS la kdm, p h ^ n Idn cac doanh nghidp chiia tid'p cdn dKdc vdi vd'n vay, h ^ u bdt cac khoan voh diidc sfi d u n g tii ngudn tii cd hoac la di vay ngodi, ndn k h a nang d^u t u vd' t r a n g thidt bi ky t h u ^ t cua cac doanh nghidp ci mtic thd!p.
San xud't ndng san xud't k h d u cua t i n h Hai Diidng da c6 si^ t a n g trifdng ca v^ didn tfch vd san liidng, ddng gdp q u a n trong vao gia t r i ndng san xud't k h ^ u cua ca nUdc;
nhidu mat h a n g chu liic cua t i n h nhU vai thi^u, t i n h bdt san, lac nhdn, gao ndp cdi hoa vdng, dKa chudt bao tii... da b ^ t d^u cd thi p h I n 6 k h u vi^c Chau A; ho^t ddng XKNS gdp p h ^ n khdng nho giai quydt viec lam, tao thdm ngudn t h u nhdp cho ngiidi lao ddng noi chung va bd con ndng ddn, bao vd mdi tnidng, k h a i thdc hdp 1^ t a i nguydn t r e n dia b a n tinh. Bdn canh nhiing t h a n h tUu d a t diidc cd t h i ndi la to Idn, boat ddng san xud't, chd bidn vd XKNS cua t i n h cling cdn nhidu h a n chC ydu kem t h i bidn trdn cdc m a t sau:
ThU nhdt, so vdi cac dia phUdng vd cdc niidc khde, san ph^m ndng san xu^^t k h ^ u cua t i n h H a i Difdng chUa dam bao vd ehd't liidng eung nhii sd liidng, quy cdeh, m a u m a theo ydu c^u tidu dftng eua cac t h i t n i d n g khd t m h nhU Nhdt Ban, Xingapo...; chKa thiet Idp diidc mot each viing chac d l d a m bao sii on dinh ve sd liidng va chgtt lUdng eiing nhK hieu qua san xudt kinh doanh h a n g ndng san xud't khiu theo yeu cin eiia t h i tnidng.
Thd hai, t i n h H a i Dudng da h i n h t h d n h cac vung san xud't h a n g hda tdp t r u n g nhUng khdi liidng h a n g hda cdn nhd be,
t h a m gia t h i p h a n t r d n thif gidi con t h d p so vdi cdc dia phiidng k h a c ; t u y n h i d n t i n h chua h i n h t h d n h dUdc cdc vOng chuydn c a n h s a n x u ^ t h d n g n d n g s a n tUdi sd'ng vd viing nguydn lidu tSip t r u n g cho cdc n h d m d y che bid'n Idn theo ydu c^u k j t h u ^ t v a k i n h td".
Tha ba, t r t n h dd s a n xu^t, c h ^ bid'n n d n g s a n cung nhii n d n g li^c q u a n ly" s a n x u a t k i n h d o a n h h d n g n d n g s a n x u ^ t k h ^ u chiia d a p ling diidc ydu du tt? do h d a thUdng m^i, n h ^ t la vi m a r k e t i n g , t h d n g t i n , di? bdo thi trudng, xiic tidn thUdng m a i . Mdi lien kdt k i n h td" giiia cdc k h d u s a n xudi't - che' bidn - xud't k h ^ u , giiia k h a u c u n g ting v^it tU d^u vao vd tidu t h u s a n p h ^ m d^u r a , giiia khdu ky t h u d t vdi k h d u k i n h td'...
Thd tu, md h i n h s a n xuSit n d n g s a n xudjt k h ^ u d t i n h H a i DUdng p h ^ bid'n v i n Id k i n h td' hd va t r a n g t r a i (chidm 75 - 85% gid tri s a n xud^t), h S u h d t ddu cd quy md nho, didn tich c a n h t a e b i n h q u d n chi k h o a n g 0,5-1,5 ha, t a p q u d n s a n xud't lac h d u , m a n g n a n g t i n h tii n h i e n . N g u d n vdn d I u tit cua eae t r a n g t r a i , ho ca t h i c h u ydu Id vd'n tU ed, ngu6n vd'n t i n d u n g chi chidm k h o a n g 20- 25%, t r o n g dd t r d n 70% Id t i n d u n g ngan b a n , k h a n d n g tich luy, d I u tU t h d m canh r d t b a n che.
3 . M d t s o k i ^ n n g h i n h a m t a n g cifdng h o a t d o n g x u a t k h a u n d n g s a n c u a t i n h H a i DiTdng s a n g t h i t r U d n g m d t s o n U 6 c C h d u A
3.1. Tao ngudn vdn ban ddu cho nong ddn
Ddy la vide l a m hdt stic c^n thid't vi d l n a n g cao chdt lUdng, hieu q u a gieo trdng, t h a y dd'i cd etfu gid'ng cay trdng, dp dung nhiing tid'n bd khoa hoc q u a n ly vao san xudt..., ddi hdi c i n cd nhiing chi phi khdng nho m a n h i l u khi ngiidi ndng ddn k h d n g til t r a n g t r a i nd'i. Thdi gian qua, t i n h ciing da cd cde chUdng t r i n h trd giiip eho ngudi ndng ddn song kdt q u a cdn rd't b a n che. Vi vdy t i n h cl^n cai cdeh cd chd" trd giiip theo hudiig ddn gian hdn niia cde t h u tuc v a y vdn, t h u c
9 6 NghlSn cdu Kinh t§s6U (462) - Thin^~n^^
Xud't khau hang nong san
bidn viec dUa vdn cho vay t n i c tiep den tflng cd sd, t u h g hd ndng ddn, theo dd t i n h cii cac doan cdn bd ky t h u d t vd dia phUdng de t u va'n cho ngUdi dan each thtic sii d u n g vdn ed hidu qua, nhQng gid'ng cay co n a n g sua't cao, ehd't lUdng td't
3.2.Bdu tu cho nghiin cdu cdi tao gidng cdy trong nang cao chdt lupng hdng nong sdn xudt khdu
Hien nay, cha't lUdng ndng san xud't k h a u kem la h a n chd' rd't Idn cho viec gia t a n g xua't k h a u h a n g ndng san cua tinh. De h a n che' nhiing bd't ldi nay, t i n h can trich n g a n sach t h a n h lap quy phuc vu h o a t ddng nghien cUu tao r a gid'ng cay t r d n g mdi de vita dam bao nang sua't cao, cha't lUdng lai on dinh, ddng thdi phd bid'n kien thUc ve cay trong cho ngUdi ndng dan, ve sau benh, ve each sit dung thudc trii sau, p h a n bdn, cac dieu kien canh tac... giiip ndng d a n on dinh san xuat tao r a nguon h a n g nong san chat liidng cao, dap Ung yeu cau xua't kh^u. ThUc hien dao tao nang cao t r i n h do cho ngUdi ndng dan, can chii trong cac t h e he ndng dan tre.
De hudng tdi xay dUng mdt n e n ndng nghiep hidn dai t h i ngUdi ndng d a n can phai CO t r i n h do. TrUdc tien la giao due nhan thUc cho ho, sau do la dao tao ve ky thuat, nang cao k h a n a n g tie'p n h a n cdng nghe.... Ben canh do dao tao cac can bo nghien cUu, can bo khuye'n ndng de giiip nong dan ap d u n g cdng nghe va ky t h u a t vao san xua't.
3.3. Tao viing nguyen lieu tap trung Tinh can quy hoach cu the de tao r a cac viing nguyen lieu tdp t r u n g c6 cha't lUdng cao, CO CO sd ha t a n g du dieu kien phuc vu cho viec san xua't r a cac san ph§m cd n a n g sua't cha't lU(;fng cao nhU: vai thieu thi t a p trung d huyen Thanh Ha; sdn day chu yeu tap t r u n g d viing Kim Thanh; h a n h , toi, dUa chuot t a p t r u n g ci huyen Nam Sach; ca rd't t a p t r u n g ci huyen C^m Giang...Vdi ngudn luc h a n che nhU cac doanh nghiep t r e n dia
b a n t i n h H a i DUdng h i e n n a y t h i d a y la mdt bidn p h a p hUu h i e u .
3.4. Khuyen khich nUdc ngodi ddu tU kinh doanh vdo linh vUc sdn xudt vd che bien ndng sdn xudt khdu Tinh CO t h e sii d u n g cac bien p h a p t h u htit vdn d^u tU nhU: cai tao cd sd h a t a n g de t h u d n ldi t r o n g vide vdn chuyen h a n g h o a tU ndi san xua't den ndi tieu t h u (la cac doanh nghiep chuyen doanh xud't n h a p k h a u ) ; co nhiing Uu dai cho cac cd sd, doanh nghiep, td ehUc kinh te d a u t u vao linh vUc n a y n h u giam t h u e ' t h u nhdp doanh nghiep, cho p h e p chuyen vd'n ve nUdc...; cai thidn cd che' q u a n ly va ddn gian hda cac t h u tuc lien quan.
Mat khac, t i n h can chii y n a n g cao hieu qua cdng tac q u a n ly, giam dinh n h d m khde phuc t i n h t r a n g lien doanh t h i t h u a Id nhUng b e n nUdc ngoai vdn co lai, bie'n cac doanh nghiep t r e n dia b a n t i n h Hai DUdng t h a n h bai rac cdng nghiep do nhdp khdu cac t h i e t bi may moc qua cii ky lac h a u .
3.5. Ndng cao hiiu qud hoqt dong cua cdc quy binh dn gid ddi vdi cdc mat hdng nong sdn
Tren dia b a n t i n h Hai DUdng cac quy binh on gia da dUdc t h a n h lap va di vao boat ddng song hieu qua cdn rd't thd'p. De n a n g cao hieu qua cua quy binh on gia ca thi p h a i t a n g ngudn t h u quy, cai tie'n cd che' boat dong n h d m t a n g cUdng sUc m a n h cho quy nay, giiip chung du stic can thiep vao thi trudng khi can thid't. Ngoai chinh sach dam bao ldi ich cho ngUdi san xua't, cung can chii y dam bao ldi ich cho ngUdi tieu thu, du trU va che' bie'n nong san, dam bao cho ho cd mUc lai hdp ly va dn dinh. Theo dd, t i n h phai quy dinh gia t h u m u a ndng san khdng tha'p hdn mot mtic td'i thieu nao dd. Vao vu t h u hoach rd, tinh cd the ho trd cho cac doanh nghiep san xua't nong san vay vo'n vdi lai suat tha'p hoac khong lai tU 3-4 t h a n g de t h u mua ndng san n h a m ngan khdng cho gia xuo'ng tha'p. Ngan h a n g ciing CO the cd chinh sach cho ndng dan vay vo'n vdi lai sua't tha'p, dung nong san de the'
Nghi€naiuKinhies6l1 (462)- Thing 11/2016 97
Xuat kh^u hang nong sdn ,
cha'p, khi ndng s a n dUde gia ndng d a n b a n di de hoan lai vd'n cho n g a n h a n g .
3.6. Ndng cao thu nhdp cho ngitdi ndng ddn
D l t a n g t h u n h a p cho ndng dan c^n giam bdt k h a u t r u n g gian m u a nong san. Hien nay, ty le nong dan b a n trUc tie'p ndng san cho doanh nghiep che' bien ndng san la ra't It, chi khoang 10%, cdn lai deu phai thdng qua tay thUdng lai, Do khd k h a n trong viec ndm bdt tinh hinh thi trUdng nen ngUdi ndng ddn thudng bi thUdng ldi ep gia chinh vi the ma ho h a y bi thiet thdi. Tie'n h a n h thiic hien bao hiem gia ndng san cho ndng dan; xdy diing cd che' chia se ldi ich binh dang trong XKNS t r a n h t i n h t r a n g ngUdi ndng dan ddng gdp nhidu nha't nhUng lai hudng ldi ich nhd't ma ldi n h u d n chu ye'u rdi vdo tay thUdng lai va doanh nghiep xud't kh^u. De thUc hien dUdc dieu n a y t i n h can c6 chinh sach gia, chinh sach t h u m u a ndng san hdp ly, can tao dieu kien cho Hoi Ndng dan cd tidng ndi de cd the dam bao cdng bang cho ndng dan ndi chung va ngUdi san xuat ndng ndi rieng. NhU vay ngUdi ndng dan cd the thdng qua Hdi Ndng dan de dUa ra y kie'n, kien nghi bao ve ldi ich cua minh./.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Tit Thiiy Anh (2011), Gido trinh Kinh tehoc qudc ti', Nxb Tai chinh. Ha Noi,
2. B6 NSng nghiep va phat tri^n nfing th6ti (2010), dn: "Ddy manh sdn xudt hang hoa, ndng cao chdt lucmg.
khd ndng cgnh tranh vd hieu qud ndng-ldm sdn xuat khau cua cdc doanh nghiep trin dia bdn tinh Hdi Dumg . Ha NGi.
3. Cue thdng ke tinh Hai Duong (2014), Nien giam tho'ng ke 2014, Nxb Th^ng ke. Ha N6i.
4. Trinh Thi Ai Hoa (2011), Chinh sach xuat Vhia ndng san Cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban tinh Hai DiTOng:
ly luan va thuc tiin. Tap chiThuang mai, sd5 (231), tr.l3 -17.
5. Nguyen Dinh Long (2011), vl NhiSig giai phap chij ye'u, nang cao siic canh tranh cua hang nOng san xufft kh^u cua Cac doanh nghiep trSn dia ban tinh Hai Duong, Tap chi Kinh te'nong nghiep, so 4 (327), tr.9 - trl2
6. Nguyen Thi Hirtmg (2011), Gido trinh kinh doanh qudc ti', Nxb The'ng kfi. Ha N6i.
7. Nguyen Dinh Long (2011), Nhflng giai phap chu yeu, nang cao siic canh tranh ciia hang n6ng san xu^l khau cua cac doanh nghiep tren dia ban tinh Hai Duong, Tap chi Kinh te'nong nghiip, sd4 (327), tr.9 - trl2.
8. So Ke' hoach va d^u tu (2014), Bao cao tinh hinh kinh i€ • xa hgi cua tinh Hai Ducfng, Hai Duong
9. Uy ban qu6c gia vl hop tac kinh te quo'c t€ (2010), Cdc doanh nghiep tren dia hdn tmh Hdi Duong va cdc to chiic kinh ti'qudc te, Nxb Chfnh tri, Ha NOi
lO.Uy ban quQ'c gia vl hop tac kinh te'qu6c te'(1992), Quan hi cdc doanh nghiep tren dia bdn tinh Hdi Duong - ASEAN vd chinh sdch xudt nhdp khdu ciia cdc doanh nghiep trin dia bdn tinh Hdi Duong, Nxb Giao due. Ha Noi.
98 Nghien ctiu Kinh tgsS 11 (462) - Thi^i^^^^^