XUNG DOT LOfi ICH TRONG
>^
DAU THAU XAY LAP
NGUYEN HCTU M A N H
TOM TAT:
Xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap la tinh huong c6 xung dot giffa Icfi ich ca nhan va IcJi ich chung, din den kha nang ngifdi difdc trao quyen vi M ich ca nhan se ra quyet dinh khong phu hcJp vdi Icfi ich chung. Xung dot Icfi ich trong dau thau xay lap dtfdc bieu hien qua tinh huong c6 tang qua hoac c6 ciing Idi ich hoac moi quan he than thuoc giffa nha thau va ngudi du-^c trao quyen quyet dinh trong dau thau; hoac nha thau da tufng nam giff nhij-ng chiJc trach nhat dinh, cd kha nang khai thac cac thong tin lien quan c6 dUcJc tijf vi tri cong tac de thu Icfi cho minh. De kiem soat cac tinh huong xung dot M ich va bao dam Idi ich chung difcJc dat ra khi to cMc dS'u thau, bao dam canh tranh cong bang giffa cac nha thau, bao dam hi6u qua svl dung von ngan sach, can phai quy dinh cu the cac hinh thffc xung dot Icfi ich trong dau thau;
tang cffdng cong tac dao tao, boi dff9ng, tuyen truyen, pho bi6'n va giao due phap luSt ve xung dot Icfi ich trong dau thau xay lap; trien khai viec ap dung cong nghe mang va dien t^ vao ra soat, danh gia, phat hien va canh bao cac trff5ng hcfp c6 xung dot Icfi ich; tang cffdng trach nhiem giani sat, kiem tra, thanh tra de kip thdi phat hien va xuT ly cac trffdng hcfp xung dot Idi ich trong da^u thau xay lap.
TuT khoa: Dau thau xay lap, xung dot Idi ich.
1. Dat vS'n di
Trong qua trinh to chffc dau thau xay lap, xuat hien nhieu tinh huong c6 xung dot Idi ich. Nhffng tinh huong c6 xung dot Idi ich nay c6 kha nang dan den nhffng quyet dinh khong phu hdp cua nhffng ngffdi dffdc trao quyen, anh hffdng tdi Icfi ich chung cua ca qua trinh to chffc dafu thau, anh hffdng den quyen Idi chinh dang cua cac nha thau khi tham dff dau thau. Bai viet nay tap trung lam ro quan niem ve xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap, nhan biet cac tinh huong xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap, de tff do de xuat cac kie'n nghi nham han che sff tham gia cua cac chu the c6 xung dot Idi ich
8 So 14-Thang 11/2018
vao qua trinh dau thau, tang cff5ng cac bien phap kiem soat, giam sat doi vdi cac tinh huong c6 xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap.
2. Khai ni$m xung ddt Irfi ich
Theo tff dien Luat hoc tieng Anh ciia Black,
"xung dot lai ich la tinh huong anh hudng den quyet dinh VI CO xung dot glQa lai ich cua cd nhan va Icfi ich cong "'. Theo tff dien tieng Anh cua Cambridge,
"xung dot M ich la tinh huong ma mot ngudi khong the dua ra quyet dinh tot, vi bi chi phoi bdi M ich cd nhdn"\ Theo To chffc Hcfp tac va Phat trien kinh te OECD (2005), "xung dot lai ich la xung dot giQa chiic trach nha nudc vd lai ich cd nhan cua
LUAT
mot cong chvtc, trong do cong chitc cd nhQng lai ich dphuang dien cd nhan cd the gay anh hudng khong phii hap den ket qua thuc hien cac nghia vu, trach nhiem cong chiic cua minh"^. Nhff vay, cac quan niem ve xung dot Idi ich tffdng do'i tho'ng nha't.
Theo do, xung dot Idi ich la mot tinh huong c6 xung dot giffa Idi ich ca nhan cua ngffcfi ra quyet dinh va Idi ich cong, din den kha nang ngffcfi do ra quye't dinh khong phu hdp khi quyet dinh nhffng cong viec thuoc nhiem vu, chffc trach cua minh.
Xung dot Idi ich c6 mot so dac diem: (1) la mot tinh huong c6 mau thuin giffa Idi ich ca nhan cua ngffcfi dffdc trao quyen quyet dinh vdi Idi ich cong;
(2) cd kha nang ngffdi ra quyet dinh bi Idi ich ca nhan chi phoi ma ra quyet dinh khong phu hdp vdi nhiem vu, chffc trach cua minh.
Xung dot Idi ich la tinh huong c6 kha nang din den nhffng hanh vi sai pham ciia ngffdi cd chffc trach, nhiem vu. Vi vay, loai trff cac trffdng hdp xung dot Idi ich se phong ngffa dffdc cac hanh vi sai pham khi ra quyet dinh cua nhffng ngffdi cd chffc trach, nhiem vu. Theo Ngan hang The gidi va Thanh tra Chinh phu Viet Nam (2016), xung dot Idi ich gom cac hinh thffc chu yeu, nhff '^:
- Giffa ngffdi cd chffc trach ra quyet dinh va doi tffdng chiu anh hffdng tff quyet dinh dd cd lien he vdi nhau thong qua viec tang va nhan qua tang.
Ngffdi ra quyet dinh nhan qua tang bang hien vat hoac phi hien vat tff doi tffdng chiu anh hffdng cua quye't dinh. Xung dot giffa Idi ich xua't hien, do Idi ich ca nhan cua viec nhan qua tang vdi Idi ich cong khi ra quye't dinh, dan den kha nang ngffdi cd trach nhiem se ra cac quye't dinh cd Idi cho doi tffdng da tang qua.
- Giffa ngffdi cd chffc trach ra quye't dinh va doi tffdng chiu anh hffdng tff quye't dinh dd cd cung Idi Ich. Ne'u doi tffdng chiu anh hffdng cua quye't dinh dffdc hffdng Idi thi ngffdi ra quye't dinh cung dffdc chia se Idi ich. Trffdng hdp nay con dffdc goi la nhdm Idi ich. Xung dot Idi ich xay ra, do xung dot giffa Idi ich ca nhan cua nhdm vdi Idi ich cong khi ngffdi cd chffc trach ra quye't dinh. Tmh huong nay dan den kha nang ngffdi dffdc trao quyen ra quye't dinh cd Idi cho doanh nghiep "san sau", tff dd gian tiep cung tao ra Idi ich cho minh.
Ngffdi nam giff nhffng chffc trach nhat dinh, cd kha nang khai thac cac thong tin cd dffdc tff vi tri cong tac de thffc hien cac hanh vi thu Idi ca nhan.
Xung dot Idi ich xay ra giffa Idi ich chung ciia viec bao mat thong tin vdi Idi ich ca nhan cua ngffdi nam giff thong tin.
Ngffdi dffdc trao quyen quye't dinh va cac doi tffdng cd kha nang chiu anh hffdng cua quye't dinh cd moi quan he than thuoc. Trong trffdng hdp nay, xung dot Idi ich xay ra giffa Idi ich cong vdi Idi ich rieng cua ngffdi than. Quye't dinh cua ngffdi dffdc trao quyen khong dem lai Idi ich rieng cho chinh ngffdi ra quye't dinh, nhffng dem lai Idi ich rieng cho ngffdi than cua ho.
3. Dau thau xay lap va xung dot Irfi ich trong dau thau xay lap
3.1. Dau thau xay lap
"Dau thau Id qua trinh lua chon nha thau de ky ket vd thuc hien hap dong cung cap dich vu tu van, dich vu phi tU van, mua sam hang hoa, xay lap; lua chon nha dau tU de ky kit vd thuc hien hap dong du dn dau tU theo hinh thitc doi tdc cong tU, du an dau tu CO sii dung dat tren ca sd bao dam canh tranh, cong bang, minh bach va hieu qua kinh te"^.
Can cff vao doi tffdng cua dau thau, dau thau dffdc phan chia thanh cac loai: dau thau hang hda, dau thau xay lap, dau thau dich vu va dau thau hdn hdp. "Xay lap la nhi^ng cong viec thuoc qua trinh xay dung vd lap dat cong trinh, hang muc cong trinh"^. Nhff vay, dau thau xay lap dffdc hieu la qua trinh Iffa chon nha thau de thffc hien nhffng cong viec thuoc qua trinh xay dffng va lap dat cong trinh, hang muc cong trinh tren cd sd bao dam canh tranh, cong bang, minh bach va hieu qua kinh te.
3.2. Xung dgt lai ich trong dau thau xay lap Trong dau thau xay lap, xuat hien nhieu chii the khac nhau. Nha thau trong dau thau xay lap la to' chffc, ca nhan cd du nang Iffc boat dong xay dffng, nang Iffc hanh nghe xay difng tham dff dau thau de gianh quyen ky ket va thffc hien hdp dong. Ngoai nha thau, cac chu the khac nhff ben mdi thau, chu dau tff, ngffdi cd tham quyen, to' chuyen gia, to' chffc tham dinh deu giff nhffng vai trd nhat dinh trong qua trinh to' chffc Iffa chon nha thau va cd kha nang xung dot Idi ich. Xung dot Idi ich trong da'u thau la tinh huo'ng cd xung dot giffa Idi ich ca nhan ngffdi cd chffc trach, nhiem vu trong qua trinh to chffc dau thau va Idi ich cong, din den kha nang ngffdi do ra quye't dinh khong phu hdp khi quye't dinh nhffng cong viec thuoc chffc trach, nhiem vu cua minh. Xung dot Idi ich
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trong dau thau xay lap cd mot so' dac diem: (1) Xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap la tinh huo'ng cd kha nang xay ra trong qua trinh to' chffc dau thau xay lap, tff giai doan lap ke' hoach dau thau, soan cac tai lieu dau thau, mdi thau, tiep nhan ho sd dff thau, danh gia xe'p hang ho sd dff thau, thffdng thao hdp dong, phe duyet va cong khai ket qua Iffa chon nha thau; (2) Xung dot Idi ich gan lien vdi nhffng ngffdi cd chffc trach, nhiem vu nhat dinh trong to chffc dau thau. Khi thifc hien chffc trach, nhiem vu do, ho phai bao ve nhffng Idi ich chung xuat phat tff yeu cau cua viec to chffc dau thau; (3) Cd mau thuan giffa Idi ich ca nhan cua ngffdi dffdc trao quyen quye't dinh vdi Idi ich chung va cd kha nang ngffdi ra quye't dinh bi Idi ich ca nhan chi phoi ma ra quye't dinh khong phu hdp vdi nhiem vu, chffc trach cua minh.
Xung dot Idi ich xay ra trong dau thau bao gom nhieu loai nhff:
Giffa ngffdi cd chffc trach ra quye't dinh trong qua trinh to' chffc dau thau (nhff ben mdi thau^ chu dau tff*, ngffdi cd tham quyen^, to chuyen gia'°, to' chffc tham dinh") va nha thau cd lien he vdi nhau thong qua viec tang va nhan qua tang. Ngffdi ra quye't dinh nhan qua tang bang hien vat hoac phi hien vat tff cac nha thau. Xung dot giffa Idi ich xuat hien, dan den kha nang ngffdi cd trach nhiem se ra cac quye't dinh cd Idi cho nha thau tang qua.
- Giffa ngffdi cd chffc trach ra quye't dinh (nhff ben mdi thau, chu dau tff, ngffdi cd tham quyen, to' chuyen gia, to' chffc tham dinh) va nha thau cd cung Idi ich. Ne'u nha thau dffdc hffdng Idi thi ngffdi ra quye't dinh cung dffdc chia se Idi ich.
Trffdng hdp nay con dffdc goi la nhdm Idi ich. Xung dot Idi ich xay ra, din den kha nang ngffdi dffdc trao quyen ra quye't dinh cd Idi cho nha thau san sau, tff do gian tie'p cung tao ra Idi ich cho minh. Cac trffdng hdp cd xung dot Idi ich, nhff: nha thau tham dff gdi thau tham dff goi thau do minh lam ben mdi thau, chu dau tff; Nha thau va chu dau tff, ben mdi thau cung thuoc mot cd quan hoac to' chffc trffc tie'p quan ly hoac cd cd' phan vo'n gdp cua nhau; Nha thau va
ddn vi tff van cho gdi thau do cung thuoc mot cd quan, to' chffc quan ly trffc tie'p hoac cd cd phan, von gdp cua nhau hoac cd ciing cd phan, vd'n gdp tai doanh nghiep khac. Trong nhffng trffdng hdp nay, do bi anh hffdng tff Idi ich ca nhan dffdc chia se ma ngffdi cd trach nhiem se ra quye't dinh khong phu hdp vdi Idi ich chung cua viec to chffc dau thau.
Nha thau tham dff dau thau da tffng nam giff nhffng chffc trach nhat dinh, cd kha nang khai thac cac thong tin lien quan cd dffdc tff vi tri cong tac de thu Idi cho minh. Cac trffdng hdp cd xung dot Idi ich, nhff: nha thau tham dff gdi thau do minh da cung cap dich vu tff van trffdc dd; hoac nha thau tham dff gdi thau cho chu dau tff, ben mdi thau la cd quan, to chffc ndi minh da cong tac trffdc day.
Ngffdi dffdc trao quyen quye't dinh trong dau thau va cac nha thau cd mo'i quan he than thuoc.
Trong trffdng hdp ngffdi tham gia quye't dinh trong dau thau cd cha me de, cha me vd, cha me chdng, vd hoac chdng, con de, con nudi, con dau, con re, anh chi em ruot dffng ten dff thau hoac la ngffdi dai dien theo phap luat cua nha thau, xung dot Idi ich xay ra giffa Idi ich chung cua dau thau vdi Idi ich rieng cua ngffdi than, din de'n kha nang ngffdi dffdc trao quyen ra quye't dinh cd Idi cho ngffdi than.
Theo ket qua khao sat cua Ngan hang The gidi va Thanh tra Chinh phu (2016), dd'i vdi ngffdi dan, doanh nghiep va cac can bo, cong chffc vien chffc nha nffdc tai 10 tinh, thanh phd va 5 cd quan Bo, cho thay da so' moi ngffdi chffa hieu dung ve xung dotIdi ich.
Bang. Ket qua i<hao sat each hieu cua can bd, cong chQc, vien chiJrc (CBCC), doanh nghi$p (DN) va ngudi dan vexung ddt ioi ich '^.
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f nghia Uuc
10 So 14 Thang 11/2018
LUAT
Ket qua khao sat cho thay, da so' moi ngffdi nhan thffc dffdc mdi quan he giffa nha nffdc va tff nhan cd xu hffdng bi thffdng mai hda, trong dd cac nhdm va ca nhan cd anh hffdng gay tac dong den quye't dinh cua cd quan nha nffdc. Ngffdi dan va doanh nghiep deu cho rang mdi quan he vdi cd quan nha nffdc rat quan trong dd'i vdi sff thanh cong trong kinh doanh va cac nhdm Idi ich dang cd tam anh hffdng ngay mot Idn". Khao sat doanh nghiep cd tham gia dau thau vdi cac cd quan nha nffdc, cd 36% cho rang cuoc dau thau dd la khach quan, minh bach, trong khi 38% tin rang cd chay chot va 50% cho rang cd sff ffu ai ngffdi than^^. Da so' moi ngffdi lai cho rang khong phai truyen thdng van hda dan den tinh hudng xung dot Idi ich do viec tang qua hay chia se Idi ich, ma do Idi ich ca nhan, tham chi hdi Id tff phia nha thau". Van de kiem soat xung dot Idi ich trong ndi bo, cd 25-40% can bo, cong chffc, vien chffc dffdc khao sat cho rang cd quan ho khong thffc hien cac bien phap kiem soat xung dot Idi ich theo quy dinh, nhff bao cao viec nhan qua, khong dffdc hd trd doanh nghiep than quen, khong lam viec trong mot sd linh vifc sau khi thdi cong tac^'^.
Hien nay, phap luat chffa cd dinh nghia cu the ve xung dot Idi ich. Trong phap luat dau thau, cac tinh hudng xung dot Idi ich chffa dffdc quy dinh rieng ma long ghep vao mot so' quy dinh ve bao dam canh tranh va quy dinh ve cac hanh vi bi cam trong dau thau'^.
4. Kid'n nghi m6t s6'giai phap kiem scat xung dot Igfi ich trong daii thau xay lap
De nhan thffc dffdc cac tinh hudng xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap, tff do kiem soat tot cac tinh hudng xung dot Idi ich va bao dam Idi ich chung dffdc dat ra khi td chffc dau thau, bao dam canh tranh cong bang giffa cac nha thau, bao dam hieu qua sff dung von ngan sach, can phai thffc hien mot so' van de sau:
r/zM" nhat, can phai dffa van de xung dot Idi ich vao trong phap luat ve dau thau xay lap, cd dinh nghia va quy dinh cu the cac hinh thffc xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau. Phai dat qua trinh dau thau trong tdng the dff an dau tff xay dffng de xac dinh cac mdi quan he cd kha nang xuat hien xung dot Idi ich. Can bd sung cac trffdng hdp cd xung dot Idi ich theo kinh nghiem cua qud'c te, nhff: (1) Nha thau cd lien quan den chu the cung ffng dich vu tff
van chuan bi hoac thffc hien dff an dau tff xay dffng cd gdi thau^*; (2) Cd hen quan dffdi gdc do ca nhan thuoc nha thau (hien mdi chi la ngffdi dai dien theo phap luat cua nha thau) vdi ca nhan ben mdi thau, chu dau tff, ngffdi cd tham quyen, td chuyen gia, td tham dinh, tff van hoac giffa nha thau phu vdi ben td chffc dau thau^'.
Thii hai, can tang cffdng cong tac dao tao, bdi dffdng, tuyen truyen, phd bien va giao due phap luat ve xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap. De cd the thffc hien tot cac quy dinh cua phap luat, trffdc he't can phai cd sff nhan thffc rd rang cua nhffng ngffdi thffc hien phap luat, tff cac can bo quan ly nha nffdc ve dau thau; can bo dan cff thffc hien vai trd giam sat; cac can bo thanh tra, kiem tra ve dau thau; cac can bo giai quye't kie'n nghi, tranh chap dau thau; cac chu the trffc tie'p tham gia vao qua trinh dau thau (nha thau, ben mdi thau, chu dau tff, ngffdi cd tham quyen, td chuyen gia, td tham dinh, tff van). Viec nhan thffc dffdc cac tri thffc mdi ve ly luan va phap luat ve xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap dffdc thffc hien nhanh nhat qua con dffdng dao tao, bdi dffdng bat buoc dd'i vdi nhffng ngffdi tham gia vao qua tnnh dau thau. Hoat dong tuyen truyen, phd bien, giao due phap luat cung nham de moi cong dan cd quyen tie'p can vdi tri thffc ly luan va quy dinh cua phap luat ve xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap, la cd sd de nang cao dan tri, tao sff dong thuan xa hoi trong thffc hien phap luat, nang cao hieu qua giam sat xa hoi dd'i vdi hoat dong dau thau xay lap.
Thu: ba, can trien khai viec ap dung cong nghe mang va dien tff vao cdng tac dau thau. Cuoc each mang cdng nghe 4.0 da tac dong den cac linh vffc khac nhau cua ddi song xa hoi, trong dd cd iTnh vffc td chffc dau thau. Vdi trinh do cdng nghe dien tff hien nay, cac dff lieu trong dau thau cd the dffdc the hien dffdi dang dff lieu dien tff, may cdng nghe dien tff cd kha nang ra soat, danh gia, phat hien va canh bao cac trffdng hdp cd xung dot Idi ich.
Thii tu, can tang cffdng trach nhiem giam sat, kiem tra, thanh tra de kip thdi phat hien va xff ly cac trffdng hdp xung dot Idi ich trong dau thau xay lap. Can xay dffng cd che'giam sat ndi bo va giam sat doc lap ngoai qua trinh dau thau. Giam sat ndi bo dffdc thffc hien thdng qua viec giam sat cua chinh ddn vi va cac nhan vien trong ddn vi cua ngffdi tham gia vao dau thau. De thffc hien giam
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n
sat ndi bd, ddn vi phai cd quy trinh rd rang, chi tie't ve viec td chffc dau thau va tham gia vao dau thau;
Thffc hien cd che'lffu trff thdng tin, dff lieu va cdng khai, minh bach trong ndi bo ddn vi, cdng khai vdi ben ngoai; Phat huy vai trd cua cac td chffc kiem soat, kiem toan ndi bo trong ddn vi; Tao cd che thuan Idi cho viec ngffdi trong ddn vi to' cao cac tinh hudng xung dot; Giam sat ndi bd cdn dffdc thffc hien bdi sff giam sat Ian nhau giffa cac chu the tham gia vao qua trinh dau thau. Bang viec
truy cffu trach nhiem rd rang, cac chu the se giam sat hoat dong Ian nhau. Cac chu the tham gia vao ben td chffc dau thau cung giam sat l l n nhau, cac nha thau tham dif cung giam sat Ian nhau va cac nha thau giam sat hoat dong cua ben td chffc dau thau. Giam sat tff ben ngoai den qua trinh dau thau bang hoat dong giam sat cua cd quan quan ly chuyen nganh ve dau thau, cd quan thanh tra, cd quan kiem toan, cd quan dan cff, cac hiep hdi va cong dong xa hoi •
TAI LIEU TRICH DAN:
' Xem Blacks Law Dictionary, https://thelawdictionary.org/conflict-of-interest/
^ Xem Cambridge Dictionary, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/dictionary/english/conflict-of-interest
^ OECD (2005), Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector, tr. 13.
" Xem Ngan hang The gidi & Thanh tra Chinh phO. (2016), Kiem soat xung dot lai ich trong iTnh vuc cong: Quy dinh va thuc tiin d Viet Nam, NXB Hong DUc, Ha Noi, tr. 23.
^ Xem Khodn 12 Dieu 4 Luat Dau thau 2013.
^ Xem Khodn 45 Dieu 4 Luat Dau thau 2013.
^ ^ Ben mdi thau trong dau thau xay lap Id ca quan, to chUc c6 chuyen mon vd nang luc de thUc hien cac hoat dong tochUc lua chon nhd thau, cd trdch nhiem chuan bi lua chon nhd thau, thdnh lap to chuyen gia, tdchUc ddnh gia lUa chon nhd thau, trinh duyet ket qua lUa chon nhd thau.
* Chu dau tu Id to chUc sd hUu von hoac to chUc duac giao thay mat chii sd hUu von, to chvCc vay von true tiep quan ly qua trinh thUc hien du dn, cd trdch nhiem phe duyet cdc noi dung trong qud trinh dau thau, quyet dinh xic ly tinh hudng trong dau thau, gidi quyet kie'n nghi, xA ly vipham trong dau thau.
^ ^ Ngudi cd tham quyen Id ngudi quyet dinh phe duyet du dn dau tUxdy dung cong trinh, cd trdch nhiem phe duyet ke hoach lua chon nhd thau; to chvtc kiem tra, gidm sdt, theo doi cdng tdc dau thau; gidi quyet kien nghi trong dau thau; xvC ly vi pham trong dau thau.
'° To chuyen gia gom cdc cd nhan cd nang luc, kinh nghiem duac ben mdi thau hoac dan vi tUvdn dau thau thdnh lap de ddnh gid ho sa quan tam, ho sa dU sa tuyen, ho sa dU thau, ho sa de xuat vd thUc hien cdc nhiem vu khac trong qud trinh lUa chon nhd thau.
" TochUc tham dinh Idm nhiem vu kiem tra, ddnh gid ke hoach lua chon nhd thau, ho samdi quan tam, ho samdi sa tuyen, ho samdi thau, ho sayeu cdu vd ket qud mdi quan tam, ket qud sa tuyen, ket qud lua chon nhd thau de lam casdxemxet, quyet dinh phe duyet theo quy dinh ciia phap luat
'^ Xem Ngan hdng the gidi & Thanh tra Chinh phii (2016), sdd, tr.40.
'^ Xem Ngan hdng the gidi & Thanh tra Chinh phii (2016), sdd, tr.15
*XemNgdn hdng the gidi & Thanh tra Chinhphu (2016), sdd tr.ll.
'XemNgdn hdng the gidi & Thanh tra Chinhphu (2016), sdd tr.lO.
'^Xem Ngan hdng the gidi & Thanh tra Chinhphu (2016), sdd, tr.l2.
'^Xem Dieu 6 vd Dieu 89 Luat Dau thau 2013.
^Xem World Bank (2017), Procurement Regulations for IFF Borrowers, April 2017-Second Edition. Pages 5-11.
'J1CA(2012), Handbook for Procurement under Japanese ODA Loans. Page 72.
14 15 •
18- 19
12 So 14-Thang 11/2018
LUAT
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO:
1. Blacks Law Dictionary, https://thelawdictionary.org/conflict-of-interest/
2. Cambridge Dictionary, https://dictionary.cambridge.org/vi/dictionary/english 3. JICA(2012), Handbook for Procurement under Japanese ODA Loans.
4. Luat Dau thau 2013.
5. Ngan hdng The gidi vd Thanh tra Chinh phii (2016), Kiem sodtxung dot lai ich trong linh vUc cdng: Quy dinh vd thuc tien d Viet Nam, NXB Hong DUc, Hd Noi.
6. OECD (2005), Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector.
7. World Bank (2017), Procurement Regulations for IPF Borrowers, April 2017 - Second Edition.
Ngay nhan bai: 1/10/2018
Ngay phan bien danh gia va sufa chffa: 11/10/2018 Ngay chap nhan dang bai: 21/10/2018
Thong tin tdc_gid:
ThS. NGUYEN H0U MANH
Khoa Luat - Trffflfng Dai hoc Kinh te Quoc dan
THE CONFLICT OF INTEREST IN CONSTRUCTION BIDDING
• Master. NGUYEN HUU MANH
Faculty of Law, National Economics University
ABSTRACT:
The conflict of interest in the construction bidding is a conflict between the personal interests and the public interests, leading to the possibility that the head will make improper decisions that are incompatible with the pubhc interests due to his or her own interests. The conflict of interest in the construction bidding is manifested through situations including the contractor presents gifts to the owner, the contractor and the owner share same interests, the contractor has a close relationship with the owner, or the contractor is able to acquire information related the bidding to benefit itself. In order to control the conflict of interest, ensure the public interests of the bidding, ensure fair competitions among contractors and ensure the effectiveness of using the budget, it is necessary to specific forms of the conflict of interest in bidding, strengthen the training, propagating and educating laws on the conflict of interest in the construction bidding, using network and electronic technologies to review, assess, detect and warn the conflict of interests, and intensify responsibilities of supervision, inspection in order to promptly detect and handle the conflict of interests in construction bidding.
Keywords: Construction bidding, conflict of interest.
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