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19 April 198

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Children grow up in environments that are totally unsealed in terms of the human activities they have to accommodate. In the face of increasing criticism of the ubiquitous application of conventional mass housing approaches to the problem. It is certainly one of the most important that we face in the field of urban development and urban living.

Finally, it proposes a set of non-negotiable guidelines if the situation of the urban poor, both for this and future generations, is to be significantly improved. One is that while improvements in urban structure are not a sufficient condition for improving the situation and quality of life of the urban poor, they are necessary conditions. The ability to escape from the intensity of city life deepens the appreciation and enjoyment of the opportunities that this intensity brings.

Related to this is the oft-raised issue of 'boosting' the informal sector in Third World cities. First, that the potential forces or possibilities of the urban system are released and realized. In the case of squatters, as is well illustrated within the KwaZulu boundary of the Durban metropolitan area, the choice of land is largely determined.

It is important to emphasize that although the peripheralization of the urban poor, both historically and currently, has been exacerbated by Group. According to these criteria, very few people have access to nature or to the agricultural base of the city. Furthermore, due to the sprawling, low density nature of that development, regular and efficient links to the countryside via public transport services cannot be maintained.

In most cases, due to the sprawl, low density of the periphery, and the remoteness and difficult access to important gathering places of people (for example, at stations). Another problem with the shifting urban periphery is that there is a qualitative dimension to the pattern of land destruction: the most valuable land, agriculturally, ecologically, and visually, is the land most susceptible to urban encroachment. Construction costs are also strongly influenced by the pattern of development, regardless of the housing delivery system used.

Due to the amorphous nature of the low-density growth, few significant new accessibility peaks arise. Due to the limited number of truly viable areas, speculators can hold out in the confident expectation of high windfalls. Due to the low density of this development, few new central points have emerged.

As a result, the transport network has linked each successive phase back to the historical centres, which are the main work focal points of the region.

SOME ESSENTIAL GUIDELINES FOR CHANGE

The heart of the problem is the marginalization or peripheralization of the urban poor. Above all, the security of the relationship prevents the constant destruction of agricultural land with the threat of urban encroachment. In urban areas, by definition, there are certain uses that are inherently harmful or disrupt the continuity of the urban fabric.

About 70% of the total water consumption in large cities in this country leaves the city as waste: in most cases, due to the lack of a rational system, it is simply returned to the sea. Since the essential form of the urban building block is linear, it follows that once the growth path has been identified, the urban landscape of the future can be clearly identified. In cities, it is primarily flows of movement (of people, goods and thus capital) that determine the distribution of the most intensive activities – those activities that depend on availability for support.

The key to this is simply to enable more intensive activities, such as work, commercial, cultural and recreational activities, to be directly related to the major movement flows of the city. Fourth, the linear nature of the spine would provide greater opportunities to the small businessman (particularly small goods and services operators). However, a good state of repair is maintained at all times and this works to the benefit of the residents and the activities.

This, in turn, could adversely affect the prospects for projected future growth. As a general principle, therefore, in terms of the model outlined here, highways should be located at the boundary of development (along the rural-urban edge) or should traverse rural areas, connecting different parts of the city together. e) Creation of a system of public spaces to structure urban development and their celebration. When these spaces are poor, however, the overall environment will be poor, regardless of the quality of individual dwellings.

In fact, the very use of the term is a call for the removal of elementary categories of this kind. Second, the design of a network of positive public spaces cannot be seen independently of the structural implications of movement discussed earlier. On the other hand, the rhythm of the public spaces and the rhythm of the spine must supplement and supplement each other to create a rich and reinforcing series of experiences. f) Identification of major social institutions and recognition of these in urban planning.

On the other hand, the strength and clarity of the urban framework set by the authorities directly affects the tendency to use different processes. First, the way in which the framework (and public spaces in particular) is constructed directly contributes to the quality of the environment.

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