Data were then recorded for each individual article, including research method, sampling method, sample size, sample demographics, target sample audience, geographic location of study, type of accommodation (if applicable), variables, longitudinal study or not, and key findings . Green consumers have higher intentions to stay in a "green" hotel 2010 Target sample Hotel users and hotel staff. The two statements that obtained the highest level of agreement among both hotel managers and customers were: “The Internet is an effective channel for marketing a hotel's green initiatives directly to customers”; and “Green hotels can raise
Owners & Managers Employees Total
Discussion and Conclusion
This was mainly due to a high level of capital, and a strong business culture, and with some evidence of the importance of being part of an international chain for which sustainability is incorporated into brand values as well as CSR initiatives [118]. However, it should be noted that the amount of studies that looked at employees' attitudes and behavior compared to that of managers and owners was extremely limited. Furthermore, there is little research that has actually looked at implementation practices and measured changes in indicators of sustainability, rather than relying on self-reporting and perceptions of change.
In the New Zealand context, a significant gap has been reported between the positive perceptions held by operators of their energy saving initiatives and actual levels of implementation [116]. Although not a central research focus, there is also limited evidence that accommodation and lodging businesses were more likely to be positive towards green practices if their area was affected by a natural disaster or extreme weather conditions [35]. This systematic review on the behavior and attitudes of consumers and producers towards sustainable accommodation indicated a number of important issues in the conduct of research.
There is relatively little overlap in the survey questions used across studies, making accurate comparisons between paper results difficult. Clearly, there is a great need to track material flows over time while tracking the relationships of managers, staff and customers and the impact of new technologies and interventions in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding of the interplay of different activities that can lead to positive change. Similarly, there are few studies that clearly show the results of any interventions to influence consumer behavior, and none of these are followed over time—it is clearly assumed that changes in messaging, for example, will persist when the resulting behaviors became new. norms, even if these messages are then removed from hotel rooms.
For example, such a long-term study is essential to compare the value of norms and non-norms approaches in driving customer behavior [42,70], while the potential value of norms-based approaches for staff and managers is also a potentially significant factor. study area [82]. In addition, there is insufficient reporting on the actual changes in the amounts of energy, food and water consumed, or in the production of waste, that are affected by any intervention. For example, we do not know whether rebound effects have occurred, such that the reduction in consumption and/or waste in one part of an organization has been accompanied by an increase elsewhere [131].
Although environmental management systems approaches [7], for example, emphasize the need for the involvement of all actors in improving the sustainability of the system, this is not reflected in the literature. There is therefore a clear need for studies that seek to compare not only the attitudinal and behavioral gaps within stakeholder groups, such as consumers and managers, but also between such groups, and then seek to describe how practices vary and are kept over time in the light. for any changes in physical infrastructure and/or behavioral interventions. Author Contributions: Colin Michael Hall and Leroy Paul-Andrews conceived and designed the systematic review; Colin Michael Hall, Natasha Dayal, Dea Majstorovic, Hamish Mills, Leroy Paul-Andrews and Chloe Wallace performed the systematic review; Colin Michael Hall, Natasha Dayal, Dea Majstorovic, Hamish Mills, Leroy Paul-Andrews and Chloe Wallace analyzed the data; Colin Michael Hall, Natasha Dayal, Dea Majstorovic, Hamish Mills, Leroy Paul-Andrews, Chloe Wallace and Van Dao Truong wrote the paper.
An overview of the IPCC 5th Assessment and implications for climate resilience and decarbonisation of the tourism sector. Framing behavioral approaches to understanding and governing sustainable tourism consumption: Beyond neoliberalism, 'push' and 'green growth'. Consumer environmental concerns and behaviors in the lodging industry: A comparison between Greece and the United States.
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