Unless otherwise stated in the body of the text or in the footnotes, this thesis is entirely my own work. dr. Woeber shares my sincere hope that this project will bring Grendon some of the recognition it so richly deserves but has been denied for so long. Richard Patricks of Lobamba, Swaziland, shared with me some of his extensive knowledge of Swazi traditions and genealogies.
Samson Sicelo Dlamini in Ekush outside Manzini was also helpful, as were other members of the George Dlamini family. Mrs Tshabalala was particularly helpful and recalled several of the anecdotes her mother used to tell about her childhood. Others whose courteous, able and consistent service should be acknowledged are: the interlibrary loan department and subject librarians at the Cecil Renaud Library, UKZN, Pietermaritzburg; librarians at the Alan Paton Centre, Pietermaritzburg; Bessie Head Library, Pietermaritzburg; Natal Diocesan Archives, Pietermaritzburg; Killie Campbell Africana Library, Durban; Africana Library, Kimberley; manuscript librarians and reading room assistants at the University of Cape Town and at the National Library of Cape Town; Special Librarians at UNISA Library, Pretoria, and Cullen Library, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; the staff of the Pietermaritzburg, Cape Town and Pretoria repositories of the South African National Archives.
In Swaziland, I was assisted by the staff of the National Archives and Lobamba National Museum and the University of Swaziland Kwaluseni. They patiently put up with the mess on the dining table and the creaking floorboards in the wee hours of the morning.
Grendon fully accepts the reality of the 'revelation' which Swedenborg declares in The True Christian Religion (1771) to take place in the interior of Africa. True Christian Religion (1771) is the title of the last of Swedenborg's books published in his lifetime. We look forward to the restoration of the true Christian religion—the religion as preached by Christ, not the materialism that Europe has elaborated.1.
Grendon fully agrees with the Swedenborgian concept of the complementary character of the races of mankind. The Greek it translates means "household administration" and the theological meaning is "divine government of the world" (shorter OED). Declare with your answers how we can inspire these people of the "heavens" [ie, the Zulus] to higher things!'3.
Africa - the last continent is supporting the excess population of all the rest. The Edinburgh Journal says that 'the opinions given [Wadström] concerning the abolition of the slave trade and the establishment of philanthropic colonies, established the settlements of Sierra Leone. Heavenly where he partakes of the nature of the divine [see above in Swedenborg].
A century later, Wilkinson and then Grendon saw it in the meeting of the Old and the New Africa.
B EYOND THE P ALE
It was part of a wider program of alliance and mutual hospitality that "seems to have been part of the social fabric" in pre-colonial times. Grendon's sons are listed as adherents of the "Church of England" in the Zonnebloem College admissions register (Zonnebloem Papers, D1.2). While these men were luxuriating in the soothing shadow of Table Mountain, the "poor merchant" in the far interior "went to the wall,"1 though it was he who bore the burden and heat of the long day.
His travel books such as Lake Ngami (1856) and The Okavango River (1861) introduced South West Africa to the popular imagination of English-speaking peoples. It is more than coincidental that Andersson was both the main supplier of the Herero arsenal and the chief 'military commander' of the Herero 'nation'. One of the first projects Grendon undertook after reaching Ondonga, his designated base, was to erect a European-style house - the first of its kind in Ovamboland.
On the same day, gifts for Palgrave and Grendon arrived at Ondonga from King Mweshipandeka of Kwanyama Ovambo. However, neutrality did not prevent them from firing about 14,000 lead bullets on the day of the battle. The petition calls on Sir Philip Wodehouse, Governor of the Cape Colony, to intervene in the affairs of the region and negotiate an end to the abuses.1.
Because of the problems in the country at the time', writes Julinda, 'it was decided that the children. In this home, the Grendon children will have encountered many of the pieces of furniture from European culture. This was complicated in the early years of the Herero mission by the fact that there was no pre-existing printed literature in otjiHerero.
Hahn, 'the High Priest of the missionaries', lowered the mission flag and raised that of the North German Federation instead. In the more settled regions of the Cape Colony, he might have been branded a 'gunrunner'—but he would have rejected that label. 5 This cycle of violence was largely due to the rapid northward expansion of the Cape colonial frontier.
In the 'hierarchy of the trade chain' they operated with the least potential for profit.3. Mumford.6 Some of Damaraland's whites were also apprehensive at the prospect of the Boer advance.
