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February 2017, Vol. 107, No. 2 FEBRUARY 2017 VOL. 107 NO. 2

FROM THE EDITOR

91 Infectious diseases – the next big challenge B Farham

IZINDABA

92 30 days in medicine B Farham OBITUARY

94 Jeanne Marie Erica de Villiers (née Du Plessis)

CONTINUING MEDICAL EDUCATION

GUEST EDITORIAL 95 Anaemia (part 2)

N Alli ARTICLE

96 Anaemia: Approach to diagnosis (part 2) N Alli, J Vaughan, M Patel

IN PRACTICE

CLINICAL UPDATE

101 The prevalence of skin scars in patients previously given intramuscular diclofenac injections attending the Pain Clinic at Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa D Tarloff, G Lamacraft, G Joubert

MEDICINE AND THE LAW

106 Exporting DNA – striking a balance between preventing exploitation and promoting innovation M S Pepper

108 Should doctors provide futile medical treatment if patients or their proxies are prepared to pay for it?

D J McQuoid-Mason CASE REPORTS

110 Metabolic acidosis in a patient with metformin overdose I Ebrahim, M Blockman

112 Intentional intravenous mercury injection G Yudelowitz

RESEARCH

115 Sustained reduction in antibiotic consumption in a South African public sector hospital:

Four-year outcomes from the Groote Schuur Hospital antibiotic stewardship programme T H Boyles, V Naicker, N Rawoot, P J Raubenheimer, B Eick, M Mendelson

119 Antibiotic prescription patterns of South African general medical practitioners for treatment of acute bronchitis

N B Q Ncube, G C Solanki, T Kredo, R Lalloo

123 Adenovirus-associated pneumonia in South African children: Presentation, clinical course and outcome

M Zampoli, Z Mukuddem-Sablay

127 The influence of HIV infection on the age dependence of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin in South Africa

B L Diffey, M Norval, P N Albers, C Y Wright

130 The spectrum of gastric cancer as seen in a large quaternary hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa

F Benamro, B Sartorius, D L Clarke, F Anderson, E Loots, L Olinger

134 The spectrum and outcome of surgical sepsis in Pietermaritzburg, South Africa

S Green, V Y Kong, D L Clarke, B Sartorius, J Odendaal, J L Bruce, G L Laing, P Brysiewicz, W Bekker, E Harknett

137 An investigation of diverticular disease among black patients undergoing colonoscopy at Dr George Mukhari Academic Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa

M Vally, M Z Koto, M Govender

EDITOR

Bridget Farham, BSc (Hons), PhD, MB ChB EDITORS EMERITUS

Daniel J Ncayiyana, MD (Groningen), FACOG, MD (Hon), FCM (Hon) JP de V van Niekerk, MD, FRCR ASSOCIATE EDITORS

Q Abdool Karim, A Dhai, N Khumalo, R C Pattinson, A Rothberg, A A Stulting, J Surka, B Taylor, M Blockman, J M Pettifor, W Edridge

HMPG

CEO AND PUBLISHER Hannah Kikaya |

Email: [email protected] MANAGING EDITORS Ingrid Nye Claudia Naidu TECHNICAL EDITORS Emma Buchanan Kirsten Morreira Naadia van der Bergh Paula van der Bijl PRODUCTION MANAGER Emma Jane Couzens DTP AND DESIGN Clinton Griffin Travis Arendse

CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER Diane Smith | Tel. 012 481 2069 Email: [email protected] SALES MANAGER (CAPE TOWN) Azad Yusuf

JOURNAL ADVERTISING Charles William Duke Reneé Hinze Ladine van Heerden Charmalin Simpson Ismail Davids ONLINE SUPPORT Gertrude Fani FINANCE Tshepiso Mokoena Makhadzi Mulaudzi HMPG BOARD OF DIRECTORS Prof. M Lukhele (Chair), Dr M R Abbas, Dr M J Grootboom, Mrs H Kikaya, Prof. E L Mazwai, Dr M Mbokota, Dr G Wolvaardt

ISSN 2078-5135

SAMA website: www.samedical.org Journal website: www.samj.org.za

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February 2017, Vol. 107, No. 2 140 Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy (calciphylaxis) in patients on renal replacement therapy

S Sebastian, H F Jordaan, J W Schneider, M R Moosa, M R Davids

145 Analysis of mutations causing familial hypercholesterolaemia in black South African patients of different ancestry

U K Ibe, R Whittall, S E Humphries, G Pilcher, F Raal

149 Burden, genotype and phenotype profiles of adult patients with sickle cell disease in Cape Town, South Africa

G D Pule, K Mnika, M Joubert, S Mowla, N Novitzky, A Wonkam

156 Is it possible to differentiate tuberculous and cryptococcal meningitis in HIV-infected patients using only clinical and basic cerebrospinal fluid characteristics?

J E Vidal, E J F Peixoto de Miranda, J Gerhardt, M Croda, D R Boulware

160 Readiness to adopt a performance measurement system for substance abuse treatment:

Findings from the Service Quality Measures initiative

B Myers, P Petersen Williams, K Johnson, R Govender, R Manderscheid, J R Koch CPD QUESTIONS

Background photo: The friendly Sister Beukes on night shift, Clanwilliam Hospital | Ingrid Nye Box photos: Extensive scar from IM diclofenac injection | Tarloff et al.; Squamous cell carcinoma |

David Litman; Sickle cell anaemia | Kateryna Kon

FEBRUARY 2017 PRINT EDITION

CME

Anaemia (part 2)

RESEARCH Antibiotic stewardship: 4-year outcomes from GSH HIV infection and age dependence of squamous cell skin carcinoma Gastric cancer in KwaZulu-Natal Adult sickle cell disease in Cape Town CASE REPORT

Metabolic acidosis in metformin overdose IN PRACTICE

Skin scarring after IM diclofenac injections

ISSN 2078-5135

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