In addition, the city demonstrated the need to focus on the needs of the urban poor. The facility should be designed as an advertisement for the inclusion of informal recyclers in the city.
Introduction
Motivation/Justification of the study
This is evidence that these insurgents are stakeholders in the city's informal economy and the work they do. Fig.48 Aerial view of the traditional spice and medicine market (Source: Google Maps, April 2012 (screen shot)).
Definition of the problem, aims and objectives
Definition of the problem
Fig. 47 Location map of the traditional spice and medicine market (Source: Google Maps, April 2012 (screen shot)). Fig. 49 Street view of the traditional herb and medicine market (Source: Google Street View, April 2012 (screen shot)).
Aims and objectives
Setting out the scope
Definitions of terms
Delimitation of the research problem
Therefore, the researcher attempts to best research the interpretations of the problem statement within the fields of planning. This thesis proposes a right to difference, and a recognition of the heterogeneous nature of the modern city.
Stating the assumptions
Although the primary focus of this dissertation is on the urban poor, and a celebration of their resourcefulness in the face of exclusion, the aim of the research is not to romanticize poverty, but rather to expose the survival mechanisms created by the sample were used. to provide good inclusive and participatory architectural solutions to these conditions of poverty. As such, housing policy will not be examined as it is not in the interest of this thesis.
Hypothesis
Key questions
How has this insurgent citizenship and insurgent urbanism redefined space within the existing, generally exclusionary constructs of the emerging cities of the modern world.
Research Methods and Materials
Through various initiatives, awareness has been created about the social and environmental importance that these citizens play in the running of the city. Many of the recyclers live in rural areas and commute to the city weekly to salvage recyclables.
Theoretical and conceptual framework
Theories
- Insurgency
- Exclusion and Inclusion
Insurgency: Sandercock (1998) notes that during periods of mass urbanization and migration, particularly by the urban poor, the socio-spatial temporalities of the city become host to 'spaces of insurgent citizenship' (Sandercock 1998, p. 39 ). that because of this rebellion, the landscape of the postmodern city is one marked by difference and struggle, while 'ethnoscapes' are marred by sites of xenophobia, racism and social exclusion. In the context of this research effort, rebellion is thus the manifestation of the socio-spatial temporalities, as the excluded and in-betweens struggle for position within the city, who create their own identities and spatial constructions based on their imagined uses of the city . generally in contrast to what the city was planned from.
Conclusion
Each of the concepts and theories chosen represents part of the complexity of being a citizen, especially within a developing city and especially what it means for the in-between citizens.
Introduction
The image of the city
However, Robinson (in Pieterse 2010) suggests that with the rise of development thinking, cities outside the Western context, and therefore the poorer 'development cities', came to be increasingly regarded as 'development cities'. This universalization is harmful both to the concept of cities outside the Western paradigm and to the West itself, as these universalizing tendencies deny difference and inhibit nostalgia.
Migrant Cities
Kasadra & Crenshaw (1991) suggest that although most demographers and urbanists have focused on mainly rural-to-urban migration, recent investigations indicate much larger and complex migration flows. Urban-to-urban migration, rural-to-rural migration, and at early stages of development, circular migrations are among the types of migration found to predominate in many Third World countries” (Thomas et al. in Kasadra & Crenshaw 1991 , p. 475) following these concepts of migration is what Massey (in Kasadra & Crenshaw 1991) presents a theory of migration which states that forces of development and modernization combine to destroy traditional rural life in Third World countries, leading to a constant impulse to emigrate from rural areas.
On Questions of Cityness
On the other side of the development question is the political capacity and will of governance to “take on the task of arresting and reversing the crises of urban poverty” (Pieterse 2010, p. 3). What is perhaps needed is a better understanding of the plurality and dynamism of the African city as a complex layer of society that cannot be rationalized in European terms.
Our urban future
Correa (1989) again suggests that this is due to the 'myth' of the city, and this myth obscures our view of the reality of the urban crisis unfolding in the developing cities of the world. Correa (1989) compares this to the scientific experiment of the frog and the boiling water, where in this metaphor the city is the frog and the boiling water is the complex problems that challenge cities today.
Conclusion
37 | P a g e The question posed by Correa (1989) is a valid starting point, as it questions the carrying capacity of the cities of the developing world. So the question can be asked, will third world cities survive this seemingly dystopian and apocalyptic future.
Introduction
40 | Page concludes in the Post Modern paradigm presented in this thesis as that after the election of the democratic government, as a way to trace the evolution of exclusion from racial to economic exclusion within the post-apartheid cities of South to investigate Africa. By understanding the current construct under which these exclusions take place, the research will aim to explore various contexts under which rebellion manifests which will be explored in the next chapter.
The loss of public life in the name of modernity
This intervention had to be groundbreaking, primarily because of the sheer scale of the proposed relocation project. Therefore, it must be agreed that informal recycling and the image and spatiality of the.
Modernisation in Service of the Apartheid State
Post Apartheid Economic Segregation
Seekings & Nattrass argued that “in post-apartheid South Africa, inequality is driven by two income gaps: between the increasingly multiracial middle class and the rest; and between the African urban working class and the African unemployed and marginalized poor' (Seekings & Nattrass in Beall 2002, p. 48) and so Beall et. It is perhaps more divided now than under apartheid, the economic gap between the haves and have-nots.
Post Apartheid Urbanisms
Not only is this ironic in terms of the current government's 'response' to RDP housing, it also demonstrates the misunderstandings by planning practitioners in assuming that a community's needs and aspirations can only be met by housing (Lokko 2000). At a macro level, the post-apartheid geography of the South African city has simply become a ``neo-apartheid'' space, as urban sprawl and class divisions have worsened since 1994.
Conclusion
As will be expressed in the following chapter, the social majority challenges the control and exclusions of the urban minority and, unless these demands are met, the dualism between the haves and the have-nots and the friction and violence that arise as a result. will not decrease. In the coming urban era, these spatial and social rights will be longer, as it is up to everyone involved in shaping the built environment to respond to these rights and create inclusive cities for the other 90%.
Introduction
The Right to the City
The guidelines specified above can provide architectural strategies in the process of designing a recycling facility for the informal recyclers of the Durban CBD. Patrick Ndlovu: A partner in the local NGO Asiye eTafuleni, which manages the Warwick Junction Precinct markets.
Insurgency and Fractured Urbanism
Insurgent Spaces in the Heterogeneous City
Conclusion
In the context of rebellion as a means of contesting spatial rights in the city, claiming these remaining spaces goes against current planning practice, as the citizens who use these spaces force the authorities to consider the built environment at the intimate scale of the person. (Villagomez and Hou 2010). Specific areas of study succinctly reflect the work and life strategies that the urban poor use as a means of combating their exclusion within this area.
Introduction
Precedent Study: An investigation into Warwick Junction, Durban, South Africa
History
71 | P a g e As with current false assumptions of the "city" (Robinson 2004) within developing countries, informal trade at the height of the apartheid era was tightly controlled as the image of the city did not suit informality. In 1995, the City Council launched an urban renewal initiative to address urban management concerns in the area” (Skinner 2010, p. 4).
Insurgent Citizenships
It was not until the 1980s that street vendors were allowed to operate, but there were no facilities, and by the mid-1990s up to 4000 traders were working in the area; Displaced by political violence, many were forced to both live and work in the area (Skinner 2010). This focus on the urban poor thus indicated a local authority struggling with the post-apartheid urbanity of exclusion and segregation.
Contestation
The constant harassment of the beef head cooks and the market herb operators by the city officials was a strategy to make the early morning market dysfunctional, but it had counterinsurgent effects and as Dobson (2011) points out, it was the catalyst that united the community of informal workers. To conclude, it must be agreed that “undoubtedly informal workers have won a victory; they became common in the corridors of the Supreme Court;.
Case Study: The Traditional Herb and Medicine Market of Warwick Junction,
- Introduction
- Intervention
- Analysis
- Conclusion
The mechanical workshop is operational despite the condition of the building and the illegal occupation by the. However, as the success of the proposal in Phase 2 increases, the informal and indeterminate interpretation will fill the interstitial gaps.
Case Study: Rural to Urban Migration – Transitional Housing in the CBD
Introduction
According to Hansmann (1993), hostels perhaps more than any other form of accommodation reflect social relations in society, and this is particularly true in the context of South Africa, where hostels are emblematic of the exclusionary planning processes adopted by the apartheid government in an attempt to control" African" urbanization. In this context, Thokoza is a city of insurgent citizenship and insurgent urbanism, as through a community of women with different backgrounds, ages and life strategies, Thokoza has become a home and a symbol of solidarity.
The Urbanisation of Durban, South Africa
Thokoza Women’s Hostel, Durban, South Africa
This tenant is usually a family member of one of the women in the room waiting to inherit the bed (Harber 2012), but there is no physical trace of these women during the day. But in today's construct, within the same walls of division, Thokoza stands as a viable and affordable solution to providing housing for those in the most desperate socio-economic conditions, informally employed women in the Durban CBD.
Analysis
As planning practitioners working within rapidly developing cities, understanding this spatiality is pertinent to providing adequate and suitable options for those who wish to live and work in the city. Although the political construct under which hostels are envisioned is one of exclusion and control, hostels may play a role in developing more inclusive cities by providing safe housing options for the vulnerable informal working women, perhaps as achieved by the rebellious women of Thokoza. from the Durban CBD.
Introduction
- Waste Picking as a Livelihood Strategy
- Socio-Cultural Aspects
- Intervention
- Exclusion
- Conclusion
- Precdent Study: ASMARE, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Introduction
- ASMARE
- Impact of ASMARE
- Conclusion
- Informal Waste Collection and Recycling in South Africa
- Introduction
- Informal Waste Collection within Johannesburg, South Africa
A 1988 World Bank study estimated that waste pickers made up as much as 2% of the world's population (Bartone in WIEGO 2011). This was a landmark move by the authorities, as the insurgent waste collectors were transformed into the "preferred agents" in the recyclable waste management systems of the city, receiving operational support as well as educational opportunities.
Case Study: House 38, Doornfontein, Johannesburg
In the case of “House 38” in Doornfontein, Johannesburg, a similar story has unfolded to that of the Mitchells Plain recyclers. What makes this relationship unique is that the duality of the city can be expressed through an economic strategy that links the formal to the informal.
Introduction
Conclusions
The Warwick Junction area's various markets offer a sound study of comprehensive planning strategies through participatory dialogues. However, what defines the scope of the Thokoza Hostel case study is the shifting trajectory of exclusion and inclusion within the city.
Suggested design guidelines
The site must ensure the safety, security and sustainability of the current informal cardboard processors in the Durban CBD. As such, the scale of the site and proposal in Phase 1 will be larger than current needs.
