During the Tnlermtional Geophysical Year 1957-58, the largest number of expeditions ever to visit Antarctica was on the continent, and since the end of the IGY in December 1958, a number of stations other than those of countries with territorial claims to the area have Ix -en maintained, and scientific and research work has continued. Meanwhile he would like to ral.se two points: .. completed by lhc l·nlkldnd Islands Dependencies Survey), on lhc sou1h-cas1 coast o! .. tho Weddell Sc3, here addition, ten of the then existing stations of. Survey of l'ul~lana lslnnds D~pcndcncics parucipatcd in rhc year fntemarional Gcophys1c-dl Australia kept scientific stallions on the continent, and a third on Macquarie Island, nm.I Ne\\\ Zealand in the Ross Sea . The Antarctic is of key importance in the study of world climate. and the establishment of the observation network by countries participating in the JGY program in Antarctica enabled the acquisition of new knowledge about the meteorology of the region. during lbe IGY. intensive study of the surface, sha11c and structure of the soil.
On the Ant.1rtic continent, however, until recently physical conditions have made the criterion of continuous occupation.1 in:Jppropr1atc 1, and the adnuni,trathe nc,ds of the tcrritor> arc min, I crritorial claims on 1hc continent have, m face1 . Chile, moreover, bases its claims on Graham I.and on the ground that the peninsula 11 is continua- uon of the Andes mountain ch:iin and must therefore be considered Chilean tcrrit Examples of 5ueh nctions were the landing of Soviet scantists and sailors on the island of 7.avodovsk1, in the southern group of S:tnd\\1Ch, in December 1957, and the visit to Argenuna. Syn.: At the end of the Second World War, the debate about the future of Antarctica increased. TRANS -A NTARCT I C EXPEDITION Or would consideration be given to applications for aid to enthusiastic embryo explorers who may not add much to scientific knowledge but would benefit from fieJ 1 experience. On the question of (a) above, the Committee agreed that funds should be restricted to 11 •• nttlrtical exploration". Scott, Sir Vivian Fuchs said that he would personally like to receive the funds used to encourage young people to visit. 1C'1rn to nc.nsE'fttl work in the. He also believed that it should be possible to make money available to support writing and publishing fieldwork. He was never of the opinion that the money should not be spent merely enabling young men to enjoy a climbing or sledding holiday. An expedition that deserved financial support should have a serious intention and a clear purpose. ittee ~cc expressed this opinion and Kr. These changes are included in the official copies available from the Shipping Office. It will be rec~lled th3t the reason why the Management Comn:i ttee asked the Finr:mco Committee to It is thought that about £0.25,000 in the Great Britain area and £10,000 in the New Zealand area would be very effective for the purposes of supporting British or New Zealand expeditions. as a fund of £35,000, managed in such a way as to give New Zealand full representation in the awarding of grants. The Finance Committee has always been aware that if the surplus is distributed, there is a risk that the contributing governments will demand a share of the distribution. That this fear is not just academic is demonstrated by a letter received by the Australian High Commissioner's office, which states that the Australian government would like to see the surplus kept in one fund. agree to any proposal for its final disposal which was agreeable to the other Commonwealiih States concerned, but if it were decided that the fund should be destroyed, ~u~trqlia would expect to receive sha. If this situation were to arise, it is clear that it would be impossible to resist the claims of other governments, including that of the United Kingdom, and the surplus could well disappear. In these circumstances, the Finance Commission recommends that an attempt be made through negotiations with the Netherlands to maintain the fund as a single fund to be managed by a Management Committee, as previously proposed, but subject to the following directions. iv) to establish a New Zealand Commission to make recommendations for grants to New Zealand expeditions, subject to final approval by Drake, on behalf of the South African Government agreed but said that South -Africa, if it was decided to divide the money, felt that she would have a small claim commensurate with her efforts in the expedition. Brady reported that the Australian Government would be very happy to accept any proposals for the use of this money, which were recommended to other interested countries, but he alao said that if the fund were to be allocated, Australia would naturally expect to receive a equal share. Scott reported that the Rosa Sea Committee was meeting at the end of this month, shortly thereafter. COPY TRANS-ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION PRESENT Assuming the Ross Sea Committee agrees to keep all the money in one fund, that was agreed upon. Assuming that the Ross Sea Committee will agree to retaining all the money in one fund , it was agreed that In view of this figure, the Finance Committee is of the opinion that an attempt will be made to obtain New Zealand's approval of keeping the fWld as a hole. Zealand would be less effective for the purpose of supporting expeditions whether British or Hew Zealand than a fund of. The Finance Committee has always borne in mind that if the surplus is to be shared, there is a danger that the contributing Governments may claim to share in the sharing. That these fears are not merely academic is evident from a letter since received from the Australian High Commission's Office, which indicates that if the surplus were kept in one fund, the Australian Government would be prepared to agree to any proposal concerns its final solution. dieppoeal that was acceptable to the other Commonwealth countries involved, but that if it were decided to split the fund, Australia would expect to receive a share. In these circumstances, the Finance Commission recommends that an attempt be made through negotiations with New Zealand to have the Fund kept as a single entity and managed by a Committee of Management, composed as previously suggested. but with the following terms: -. 11 (iii) UothinB in tho ovc t o ction.., precludco o eu Zealand ap iic. ti he fo 11 tho finance vnilt blc in one year. iv) \Thilo capitol, which means it is not easy to use, there may be an excess of annual income. New Zea1and repreocntativc EUCS argued that Rone Sea Co 1 ttco will prefer t tilioot1cn eurplus for the purposes of Ante.retie quite t:tcn PolEll'.". The purpose ie that the income of a small (,who would be less than £2,000 per year!l) was intended primarily (but not exclusively) fJC :roh ' ork in the field; if oapi ta1 remained intact EO f r CO. Zealand r pr sentetivc BU >geetsd thnt tb Roes ~eo Co ittee would prof r o plioat1ons !'JUbrJitted from l ew Iver d to tne Co~j tteo of gc nt in Lon~on. He surmised that a group of college students pursuing degrees in eoloey would be sympathetically supported. 7111 will no doubt be a later meeting of J.W.nageroont's committee in time, whether 'f1hich v. It happens that europlua could very well be used to 'process' the data collected during the expulsion. But if an agreement cannot be reached quickly on the total europlu, a lot will have to be divided over the contribution that the contributors have made to ome. righteous boio. After all, the onoya are not necessary for the purpose for which the contribution was made, and in those circumstances it would be right to return them to the contributors. My deapatchea of 'rd. April and May 29, a further ceeting of the en.nagcmcnt of the Trana-Antarctic Expedition has now been convened for the afternoon of July 23 to consider the diopos.l of the xpcdition' or "surplus money" ". The attitude of the 1 tter io expected to bo mo.do knoml at the next woek'o ~coting If the EU authorities would help us at that meeting to try a certain vicwo on the subject, it would be appreciated if we. F. ORAKE Sir Edwin Herbert reported that the Fim::.nce Sub-Cont"littcc felt that the time had now come when the Trans. Ant~rc~ic Expedition should be liquidated and its surplus .. money bent over to a Trust fund shall be ~driinistered for the continuation of investigation and scientific research in Polish reeions. Ad met to consicl, r thu rucommcn~nations ~na he was instructed to rvpcrt that these not rccotlr.lL.na th r-._lvcs to thL: Co · .it.ku in th~ir prosont .f orri.A LSO ATTENDED
The Chairman tabled the report for the benefit of the Government representatives at the meeting and asked
THE TR.NS- ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 22 Gayf erc Street
In view of what is stated in the last preceding paragraph the Finance Committee have ex9mined what would
ALSO ATTENDED
THE TRANS.ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION 22 Gayfere Street,
Appendix 1
AIRMAIL
AFD/JH
AIR?JAIL
The Treasurer tabled a statement of the fin~ncial