ABSTRACTS
The 8 th AIC on Health and Life Sciences
The Annual International Conference 2018 Syiah Kuala University
“Connecting the World through Innovation and Sustainable Development”
Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia
September 12-14, 2018
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 1
THE POTENTIAL OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES TO CONTROL
Rhizoctonia solani
(AG3-PT) GROWTH IN VITROHartati Oktarina1*, Lidija Siller2, James Woodhall3, and Ian Singleton4
1Department of Plant Protection, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Chemical Engineering and Advance Material, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, UK.
3Parma Research and Extension Center, Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, USA.
4Environmental Microbiology, School of Applied Science, Edinburgh Napier University, UK.
*Corresponding author e-mail: oktarina.hartati@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have known anti-microbial properties and therefore have the potential to be used to control fungal plant pathogens. In this study we investigated the growth of a plant pathogenic fungus, Rhizoctonia solani (AG3-PT) in the presence of AgNPs. The effect of AgNPs at two different levels (20 and 50 mg L-1) was investigated on the hyphal growth and also the sclerotia of R. solani. The results showed that at 20 mg AgNPs L-1 R. solani hyphal growth was reduced along with the production of sclerotia. The results indicate that AgNPs have the potential to control R. solani growth and subsequent development of plant disease symptoms.
Keywords: fungi, plant pathogen, sclerotia.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 2
NURSES’ PREPAREDNESS IN EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM ON DISASTER
Cut Husna1*, Teuku Tahlil2, Hajjul Kamil3, Mustanir4, Rizka Hayaturrahmi5
1Medical and Surgical Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh/Doctoral Student of Mathematic and
Applied Science
Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Community Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3Management of Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
4Professor at Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
5Nursing Student Faculty of Nursing Syiah Kuala University Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail: cuthusna@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Nurses are leading professionals as providers of care in emergency or disasters.
The health care system in the emergency response situation will succeed in preventing and reducing the mortality rate of the victims by implementing emergency response system at the health care facilities. The study aims to identify nurses’ preparedness in emergency response systems on disaster management at Maternal and Child Hospital Banda Aceh. The variables of research are disaster response system, communication network, and ambulance transportation system. The research of study is descriptive quantitative with cross sectional study design. The sample of the study was total sampling of 103 nurses in Maternal and Child Hospital Banda Aceh. Data was collected by questionnaires in dichotomous scale consisted of 33 questions developed by the researcher. The questionnaires consisted of disaster emergency response system, communications network, the ambulance transport system tested validity and reliability with scored 0.611, 0.698, 0.621, and 0.962 respectively. The results of the study showed that nurses’ preparedness in emergency respond system in disaster management was well prepared (73.8%). The variables of the study showed that for disaster emergency response system (53.4%) was unprepared. Moreover, for communications network (64.1%) and the ambulance transport system (77.7%) of respondents were well prepared respectively. Nurses preparedness in emergency response system on disaster management in the hospital was well prepared, particularly on communications network and the ambulance transport system. It recommended to the hospital effectively conduct to disaster management, disaster simulation exercises, and develop standard operating procedures related of disaster management systems.
Keywords: disaster, emergency, hospital, nurse, preparedness.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 3
UTILIZION OF ETHANOLIC
Eucalyptus urophylla
LEAF EXTRACT FOR MORTALITY AND BEHAVIOUR LARVAE OFCulex quinquefasciatus
ASBIOINSECTICIDE
Safrida Safrida1*, Devi Syafrianti1, Miftahul Jannah1, Musri Musman2, Muhammad Iwan Kurniawan1
1 Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 2311, Aceh, Indonesia
2Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 2311, Aceh, Indonesia
* Corresponding authore-mail: saf_rida@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Mosquito is a vector of infectious diseases with the most extensive distribution in the world. One of the most successful genus to breed is Culex sp. Culex sp. is a vector of filariasis disease was causing efects in humans. One of effective way to break the chain of mosquito development that their eggs oviposit in waters ranging from waste water areas to bird baths, old tires, or any container that holds water and require between five to eight days. The larvae progress through four larval instars, and towards the end of the fourth instar they stop eating and molt to the pupal stage is using larvacides. Eco-friendly larvacides can be used to control and disease prevention that caused by Culex sp. One of alternative natural larvacide is using eucalyptus leaf extract (Eucalyptus urophylla) caused by exposure of bioactive compounds contained in eucalyptus leaf extract in the form of essential oils, saponin, and tannin. This study used to determine the effect of ethanol leaf extract of eucalyptus as larvicidal towards mortality and behavior (mobility and position) of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. This study used an experimental method with Completely Randomized Design, consisting of 6 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments that used were K- (well water), P1 (concentration of 1000 ppm eucalyptus leaf extract), P2 (concentration of 2000 ppm eucalyptus leaf extract), P3 (concentration 3000 ppm eucalyptus leaf extract), P4 (concentration 4000 ppm eucalyptus leaf extract), and K+ (thermephos). The object of this research has 600 larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus obtained from Parasitology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University. The data of the research were analyzed using Analysis Of Variant (ANOVA) and Probit Regression Analysis. The results showed that eucalyptus leaf extract infuence significantly (P<0.05) on mortality and behavior of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The concentration of extract caused 50% of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae dead (LC50) was 1093,75 ppm, concentration of 4000 ppm eucalyptus extract can significantly affect larval mobility and for the position of the larvae at first hour of observation was attaching to the bottle then slowly down to the bottom of the bottle and showed no further movement. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that the number of mortality Culex quinquefasciatus larvae and changed behavior (mobility and position) of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae is caused by eucalyptus leaf extract.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 4
Keywords: Culex quinquefasciatus, Eucalyptus urophylla , Mortality,larvicide, and filariasis.
SENSORY AND PHYSICAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF SIE REUBOH (COOKED MEAT- AN ACEHNESE TRADITIONAL CUISINE)
Dian Hasni1*, Novia Mehra Erfiza1, Cut Nilda1 and Muhammad Faiz1
1Agricultural Product Technology Department, Agriculture Faculty, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam - Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail: hasni_dian@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Sie reuboh is an Acehnese traditional cuisine which used red-meat as main protein, then is prepared specifically with the addition of beef tallow, traditional vinegar and complex of spices as major spices ingredients. The dish is extremely popular and originally came from Great Aceh districts. It has long shelf life, exquisite and complex taste. However due to the changing life styles and modernization of society, the dish becoming rare and only cooked during the fest days. Later on the recipes and formulation are also varied over the cities. With the help of previous studies, the updated formulation is defined, where added proportion of beef tallow (0%, 25%, 50%) and vinegar (2.5% and 5%) are used as independent variables. Continuing it, then this study aims to assess the physical quality (pH and cooking loss) and sensory quality of four main attributes: color, aroma, flavor, texture based on that above factors. The sensory attributes then later divided onto ten specific attributes, which is assessed with Qualitative Descriptive Analysis (QDA) method. The laboratory experiments used Factorial Randomized Block Designs three repetitions, then it continued with Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that addition of beef tallow is significantly influenced (P≤0.01) the umami flavor of sie reuboh, whereas the addition of vinegar significantly (P≤0.01) influenced the pH, cooking loss, color, meat flavor, sour flavor, tenderness and chewiness of produced sie reuboh descriptively. The sensory profile of each treatments are also specifically described, where the increasing amount of vinegar tends to decrease the pH, prevents the cooking loss and elevates the colour, tenderness and sour flavor of the product. Later the correlation within these descriptive attributes within the consumer acceptance of sie reuboh is also presented, where the consumer acceptance of this traditional product tends to correlate with the colour, the sour flavor and tenderness of the product.
Keywords: Acehnese traditional cuisine, meat-flavor, red-meat, sie reuboh, QDA.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 5
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT, ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL, NUTRITION VALUE AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDY OF LIBYAN DATE
PALM POLLEN (DPP)
Ramin Basher Ashour1, Abdulrzag A. Auzi1, Rabya A. Lahmer2*
1Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
2Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, Tripoli, Libya
*Corresponding author e-mail: rabyalahmer@yahoo.co.uk
ABSTRACT
The pollen of date palm -DPP (Phoenix dactylifera L) is belonging to Arecaceae family, have a wide distribution in many areas including the Middle East and North Africa.
Phoenix dactylifera L has nutritional, medicinal, economic and ecological benefits for the treatment of various health diseases and disorders such as antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-toxicant, anti-cancer, enhancer of fertility in both males and females and hepato-protective activities. The aim of this research was to assess the phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, antibacterial effect and acute toxicity test of the Phoenix dactylifera L cultivated in Libya. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were screened using DPPH assay, the results indicated that the Palm pollen grain water- extract showed the best DPPH scavenging activity (IC5o = 0.0005) while DPPH scavenging activity being recorded for palm pollen grain methanol extract at 70c°(
IC5o=0.233 mg/ml) and palm pollen grain methanol extract at 45c°(IC5o= 0.224mg/ml).
The methanol extracts of palm pollen grain (at conc12.5mg/ml, 25mg/ml, 50 mg/ml and 100mg/ml) were tested against 5 different strains of standard bacteria (ATCC) by cup cut method, the result showed no remarkable inhibition of bacterial growth. The phytochemical screening of date palm pollen revealed the presence phytosterols, flavonoids, coumarins, tannins, phenolic compounds and amino acids and protein and the present small amount of saponin, and fats. The proximate nutritional value of palm pollen grains were analyzed. The results obtained showed that the values of moisture (18.19%), ash (5.41%), crude fiber (67%), crude fat (7.32%), Crude protein (27.36%).
Acute toxicity test of methanol extract showed no mortality amongst the graded dose groups of animals or any behavioral changes at the highest dose of 5,000 mg/kg.
Keywords: date palm, phytochemical screening, antioxidant activity, antibacterial effect, acute toxicity test.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 6
QUALITY OF WHEAT GENOTYPE DEWATA GROWTH UNDER WET TROPICAL CLIMATE OF INDONESIA
M I Sulaiman1*, I Syahroni1, R Andini2 and L Hakim3
1 Department of Agricultural Products Technology, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2 Department of Forestry, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3 Department of Plant Protection, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam-Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail: ikhsan.sulaiman@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Along with prosperity improvement of countries in the tropic, the consumption of wheat-based products such as breads, cakes, noodles and cookies has increasing tendency in the recent years. Wheat that is grown usually in the sub-tropic has been investigated intensively for cultivation trial in tropical region. Successful cultivation of wheat in the tropic has been reported but the information on its quality was still very few.
This paper reported the quality of wheat grown in the field at 5 different provinces of Indonesia at an altitude varied from 1000 up to 1650 meter above sea level. Two samples of wheat from each location were taken and analyzed the physical, chemical, pasting and dough properties. The quality of Dewata genotype of wheat was varied depending on the planting location. Out of five planting location, only Jawa Tengah could produce quality wheat. Meanwhile the wheat from other locations characterized by weak in pasting and dough properties. Wheat with weak pasting and dough properties could not be used for bread and noodle production, however they still can be used to produce cookies and cake.
There was an indication of starch or gluten damage probably caused by high enzymatic activity of fungi infestations. In the wet tropical climate of Indonesia, fungi could easily develop at any kind of agricultural products. In the future, agriculture practice in Indonesia should be improved in order to produce better quality of wheat.
Keywords: Dewata genotype, dough, paste, quality, wet tropic, wheat.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 7
TOXICITY SUB-CRONIC ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF MALAKA (
Phyllanthus emblica
) LEAVES ON LIVER FUNCTION OF MICE (Musmusculus
) BE REVIEWED FROM SERUM BILIRUBIN LEVELNuzul Asmilia1,2, Yudha Fahrimal3, Mahdi Abrar4, Rinidar5
1Study Program DMAS, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2 Clinical Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
3Parasitology Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
4 Microbiology Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
5Farmacology Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author E-mail: nuzulasmilia@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research was to investigate the subchronic toxicity of ethanolic extract of malaka leaves (Phyllanthus emblica) on liver function by analyzing bilirubin level in mice blood (Mus musculus). Sixteen male mice weighing between 25-30 grams were used in this study. Ethanolic extract of malaka leaves was given orally once a day for 21 consecutive days. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of 4 mice each. Control group (P0) was given distilled water; group P1, P2, and P3 were administered with ethanolic extract of malaka leaves with the dose of 300 mg/kg bb, 600 mg/kg bb, and 1200 mg/kg bb, respectively. Blood sample was taken on day 21 after treatment to measure mice bilirubin level. The results showed that blood bilirubin level of mice in P0, P1, P2, and P3 were 1.4; 1.4; 1.4, and 1.4mg/dl respectively. In conclusion, the administration of ethanolic extract of malaka leaves with repeated doses for 21 days does not have negative effect on mice liver.
Keywords: ethanolic extract of malaka leaves, liver function, bilirubin direct.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 8
AMINO ACID AND SENSORY PROFILE OF KOPI LUWAK (CIVET COFFEE)
Murna Muzaifa1,2*, Dian Hasni2, Dewi Yunita2, Febriani3, Anshar Patria2, Amhar Abubakar4
1Doctoral Study Program of Agricultural Science, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
2Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
4Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail: murnamuzaifa@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Kopi luwak (civet coffee) is one of the most popular coffee in the world. This coffee produced exclusively by Indonesian palm civet or luwak (Paradoxurus hermaphroditus) and relatively has a high price. Many reports mentioned that compounds in coffee that are often interfere the coffee flavor where one of them is amino acid. The aim of this research were to identify amino acids compositions of kopi luwak (green and roasted bean) and its correlation to sensory profile of kopi luwak. Sampel of kopi luwak collected from six locations in Gayo Higland, Aceh-Indonesia. Amino acids composition were analyze by LC-MS and the sensory profile were performed using cupping test based on SCAA procedures. The result showed that green and roasted bean of kopi luwak had significantly differences for the value compounds of L-alanine, L-Tyrosine, Cysteine and L-Arginine. Certain amino acid contributes to develop the sensory quality of kopi luwak.
Valine, L-Glutamine, Aspartic acid and Glutamic acids are considered as the main amino acids which have higher percentage for both green and roasted bean of kopi luwak.
Several amino acids are absence in green bean which later on enable to track its presence in roasted bean or vice versa. Glutamic acids presents to have highest contents amongst others, both in green bean and roasted bean. Sensory profile of civet coffee showed that all samples classified as specialty coffee because obtained total score of cupping (fragrance, flavor, aftertaste, body, acidity, balance, uniformity, clean cup, sweetness and overall) above 80. Later PLS correlation showed that L-Valines, Aspartic acid, Glutamic acid and Histidin which belong to different group have positive correlation towards acidity, body, flavor, fragrance and overall with different R2 value.
Keywords: amino acids, cupping test, gayo highland, civet coffee.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 9
PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS, PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS AND
Pasteurella multocida
CO-INFECTION INPIGS
Chanathip Thammakarn1*, Pham Hoang Son Hung2 and Sirichai Eardmusic3
1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Cellular Biotechnology, Department of Animal Production Technology and Fisheries, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King
Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
2Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary medicine, Hue University of Agriculture and
Forestry- Hue University, Thua Thien Hue 0234, Vietnam
3Faculty of Animal Science and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University, Phetchaburi 76120, Thailand
*Corresponding author e-mail: chanathip.th@kmitl.ac.th
ABSTRACT
This report aims to illustrate co-infection of important pathogens in pigs and affected to herd health status of a farm located at Rachaburi province of Thailand. The pigs showed unsatisfied growth performance as well as ununiform size appearance. The farm has capacity about 700 sows with 8,000 fattening pigs. Vaccination program including vaccines against Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea (PED) and Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) for sow units. While Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS), Aujeszky’s Disease (AD), Porcine Circovirus type 2 (PCV2), Classical Swine Fever (CSF), Mycoplasma and Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) were applied for fattening pigs.
To investigate the health problem occurred with the farm, blood sampling was carried out from accumulated ununiform pigs. Necropsy was conducted from a dead pig of the same group for further diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and bacterial culture. Serum was further test by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The obtained results from ELISA diagnosis revealed high S/P ratio of PRRS virus antibody which can be interpreted that PRRS virus infection raised in the farm. The result from pooled lymph node showed positive PCV2 detection by PCR. Bacterial culture from lung sample found infected by Pasteurella multocida. Overall, it was determined that mix of infection between viruses and bacteria occurred in this farm, PRRS, PCV2 and Pasteurella multocida. This report is illustrated that the mutuality of infection could breakthrough acquire immunity from vaccination, affected to health status and production of the farm.
Keywords: Co-infection, Pasteurella multocida, PCV2, PRRS.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 10
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE BIODEGRADABLE FILMS BASED ON TUNA-SKIN GELATIN AND CHITOSAN
Normalina Arpi1, Fahrizal Fahrizal1, Syarifah Rohaya1*
1Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam, Banda Aceh, 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail:
ABSTRACT
Fish gelatin as a film-forming agent is thermo-reversible and has ability to melt-in-the mouth, but gelatin exhibit lower physical strength. Mixing gelatin with chitosan may enhance the properties of the composite film. The purpose of this research is to characterize biodegradable film made using tuna-skin gelatin-chitosan complex with the addition of glycerol as plasticizer. Blending gelatin with chitosan can improve the tensile strength of the composite film. At lower chitosan concentration, film elongation increase as glycerol concentration increase. However, higher chitosan concentration keep the elongation appropriate even with high glycerol concentration.
Keywords: biodegradable film, chitosan, fish gelatin, glycerol.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 11
CAN TRICHODERMA PELLETS SUPPRESSING THE DEVELOPMENT OF
Synchytrium pogostemonis
DISEASE IN PATCHOULI PLANTS?Rina Sriwati1*, Tjut Chamzurni1, Elly Kusumawati2,Tiara Kusuma Pertiwi2
1Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Agrotechnologi Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
*Corresponding author e-mail: rinasriwati@unsyiah.ac.id
ABSTRACT
Budok disease, which is the term in Aceh for Synchytrium pogostemonis disease infection, a disease that often attacks patchouli plants. Budok disease symptom cause warts on leaves, stems and stalks that are swollen and thickened; reddish-purple, the leaves look wrinkled and thick with a purplish red color. The biological control agent that could be used for control disease pathogen were Trichoderma fungi. This fungi has been produce as a pellet formulation and has been evaluated their potential to control several importance pant disease. Tree week ages of Patchouli seedling were growth on 5 kg soil. Application of pellet was carried out by immersing it into the planting medium according to the dosage tested. The doses tested were 0 g, 2.5 g, 5 g, 7.5 g and 10 g per polybag. The transmission of S. pogostemonis sap uses a mechanical method. The measurement of incubation period, leaf area and disease intensity was done at 120 days after planting. The intensity of disease attacks can be calculated. The result shown that pellet Trichoderma can suppressing the development of S. pogostemon in patchouli plants, when the dose was raised to 10 g / polybags showing different growth symptoms, the leaves that grow form malformations, leaf edges normally jagged to flat round, leaves were not green as normal leaf colour.
Keywords: Budok disease, Aceh Patchouli, Pagostemon cablin Benth.
The 8th AIC on Health and Life Sciences 2018 – Syiah Kuala University 12
ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGUS
Fusarium sp
FROM AGARWOOD (Aquilaria sp
) POPULATION ORIGINATED FROMTHE FOREST OF ACEH TAMIANG DISTRICT, INDONESIA
Zulfendi1,2, Rinaldi Idroes3 and Khairan4*
1Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
2Human Resources Development Agency, Banda Aceh, Aceh Province
3Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
4 Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Syiah Kuala University, Kopelma Darussalam, Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia
* Corresponding author e-mail: khairankhairan@unsyiah.ac.id ABSTRACT
Aquilaria sp is one of higher plant types that can produce agarwood. Agarwood is commonly stimulated by the biological response of endophytic fungal infection of Fusarium sp. This research aims to isolate and identify endophytic fungus Fusariumspfrom Aquilaria sp populations originated from the forest of Aceh Tamiang District, Indonesia. The pure isolates of Fusarium sp derived from Aquilaria sp that reinfected on Aquilaria sp populations to stimulate agarwood formation. The endophytic fungal isolates of Fusarium sp were growth on a selective media of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) containing antibiotics streptomycin 10 µg/dl and chloramphenicol 25µg/dl.
Ten percent of infected Aquilaria sp from the population then taken ten suspected samples aseptically. Isolation and identification of endophytic fungus Fusarium sp were conducted from June to August 2016. The results showed that 10 infected Aquilaria sp have been found several microbes species: three species of Fusarium sp, six species of Aspergillus sp, two species of Rhizopus sp, two species of Penicillium sp, one species Bacillus sp, one species of Actinomyces sp and one species of Streptomyces sp. The result of identification towards three species of endophytic fungus of Fusarium sp that has been purified strong allegedly were Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, and Fusarium monyliformae.
Keywords: Agarwood (Gaharu), fungal endophytes Fusarium sp, Aquilaria sp, Aceh Tamiang District.