Akibat pemuaian, massa jenis berubah menjadi :

Agar balok tenggelam dalam air, maka minimum

Agar balok tenggelam dalam air, maka minimum nilainilai





^  

 



   



Akibat pemuaian, massa jenis berubah menjadi :

Akibat pemuaian, massa jenis berubah menjadi :





 _{}

^

Sehingga,

Sehingga,

 

^_



^_{}



_{  }^ 



^{}_{}

 

Karena

Karena





  



 

, maka, maka





 







3.

3. Pemuaian GasPemuaian Gas a.

a. Hukum BoyleHukum Boyle Hukum Boyle

Hukum Boyle merupakan hukum ymerupakan hukum yang ang menghubunmenghubungkan gkan volume dengan volume dengan tekanan tekanan gasgas pada suhu yang konstan, dimana volume gas dapat berubah karena adanya perubahan pada suhu yang konstan, dimana volume gas dapat berubah karena adanya perubahan tekanan walaupun suhunya konstan.

tekanan walaupun suhunya konstan.



 

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

volumenya, atau hasil kali antara tekanan dan volume gas pada suhu konstan adalah volumenya, atau hasil kali antara tekanan dan volume gas pada suhu konstan adalah konstan.

konstan.

Hukum Gay-Lussac Hukum Gay-Lussac

Apabila kita ukur tekanan pada setiap perubahan suhu gas dan kita plot grafik antara Apabila kita ukur tekanan pada setiap perubahan suhu gas dan kita plot grafik antara tekanan dan suhu gas, maka akan diperoleh hasil seperti ditunjukkan pada gambar 6.3 tekanan dan suhu gas, maka akan diperoleh hasil seperti ditunjukkan pada gambar 6.3 yang menyatakan P

yang menyatakan P



Gambar 6.3

Gambar 6.3 Grafik antara tekanan dan suhu gas pada Grafik antara tekanan dan suhu gas pada volume konstanvolume konstan

Atau dapat ditulis Atau dapat ditulis







(6-12)(6-12)

Untuk gas yang berada dalam dua keadaan kesetimbangan berbeda pada volume yang Untuk gas yang berada dalam dua keadaan kesetimbangan berbeda pada volume yang sama, maka

sama, maka persamaan (6-12) dpersamaan (6-12) dapat dinyatakaapat dinyatakan n sebagaisebagai



_



^

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Untuk gas yang berada dalam dua keaadan kesetimbangan berbeda pada tekanan yang Untuk gas yang berada dalam dua keaadan kesetimbangan berbeda pada tekanan yang sama, maka Persamaan (6-14) dapat

sama, maka Persamaan (6-14) dapat ditanyakan sebagaiditanyakan sebagai

(6-15) (6-15)

Persamaan 6-14 selanjutnya disebut hukum Charles, sebagai penghargaan atas jasa Persamaan 6-14 selanjutnya disebut hukum Charles, sebagai penghargaan atas jasa fisikawan Perancis bernama J.Charles (1746-1823) yang pertama kali

fisikawan Perancis bernama J.Charles (1746-1823) yang pertama kali menyatakan bahwamenyatakan bahwa volume gas pada tekanan berbanding lurus dengan suhu mutlak gas tersebut.

volume gas pada tekanan berbanding lurus dengan suhu mutlak gas tersebut. Persamaan gas ideal

Persamaan gas ideal Ketiga hukum gas, yaitu : Ketiga hukum gas, yaitu :  Hukum Boy

 Hukum Boylele ::









 







 Hukum Gay

 Hukum Gay LussacLussac::







^_

 Hukum Char

 Hukum Charlesles







^







Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Tentukan kedalaman penyelam tersebut. Tentukan kedalaman penyelam tersebut. Penyelesaian:

Penyelesaian:

Besaran yang diketahui Besaran yang diketahui





  







 



   







 



 



 



 







 



 







 



Tekanan total pada kedalaman h dihitung dengan rumus Tekanan total pada kedalaman h dihitung dengan rumus









 













^_





^{}



^{= 301350 N/m= 301350 N/m} 2 2

Tekanan hidrostatik pada kedalaman h: Tekanan hidrostatik pada kedalaman h:

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Q

Q dalam dalam satuan satuan k k kal kal atau atau kalkal H

H dalam dalam satuan satuan k k kal kal / / ⁰⁰C atau kal / C atau kal / ⁰⁰CC



t t dalam dalam satuansatuan⁰⁰CC 3.

3. Kalor Jenis (c)Kalor Jenis (c)

Kalor jenis suatu zat ialah : banyaknya kalor yang diterima/dilepas untuk  Kalor jenis suatu zat ialah : banyaknya kalor yang diterima/dilepas untuk  menaikkan/menurunkan suhu 1 satuan massa zat sebesar 1

menaikkan/menurunkan suhu 1 satuan massa zat sebesar 1⁰⁰ C. Jika kalor jenis suatu zat =C. Jika kalor jenis suatu zat = c, maka untuk menaikkan/menurunkan suatu zat bermassa m, sebesar

c, maka untuk menaikkan/menurunkan suatu zat bermassa m, sebesar tt ⁰⁰C, kalor yangC, kalor yang diperlukan/dilepa

diperlukan/dilepaskan sebesar skan sebesar ::

(6-18) (6-18) Keterangan:

Keterangan: Q

Q dalam dalam satuan satuan k k kal kal atau atau kalkal m

m dalam dalam satuan satuan kg kg atau atau gg c

c dalam dalam satuan satuan k k kal/kgkal/kg ⁰⁰C atau kal/gC atau kal/g ⁰⁰CC Q = m . c . Q = m . c . tt

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Perubahan wujud Perubahan wujud

Semua zat yang ada di bumi ini terdiri dari 3

Semua zat yang ada di bumi ini terdiri dari 3 tingkat wujud yaitu :tingkat wujud yaitu : -- tingkat wujud padattingkat wujud padat

-- tingkat wujud cairtingkat wujud cair -- tingkat wujud gastingkat wujud gas

Dibawah ini akan digambarkan dan diuraikan perubahan wujud air (H

Dibawah ini akan digambarkan dan diuraikan perubahan wujud air (H22O) dari fase padat,O) dari fase padat, cair dan gas yang pada prinsipnya proses ini

cair dan gas yang pada prinsipnya proses ini juga dijumpai pada lain-lain zat.juga dijumpai pada lain-lain zat. Gambar perubahan wujud air.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

III.

III. Setelah semua es menjadi cair, dengan penambahan kalor suhu air akan naik lagiSetelah semua es menjadi cair, dengan penambahan kalor suhu air akan naik lagi (c-d)

(c-d)

Proses untuk merubah suhu pada fase ini membutuhkan panas sebesar : Proses untuk merubah suhu pada fase ini membutuhkan panas sebesar :

(6-23) (6-23) Pada proses c-d waktu yang diperlukan lebih lama daripada proses a-b, karena Pada proses c-d waktu yang diperlukan lebih lama daripada proses a-b, karena kalor jenis air (c

kalor jenis air (cairair) lebih besar daripada kalor jenis es (c) lebih besar daripada kalor jenis es (ceses).). IV.

IV. Setelah suhu air mencapai 100Setelah suhu air mencapai 100⁰⁰ C, sebagian air akan berubah menjadi uap air danC, sebagian air akan berubah menjadi uap air dan dengan pemberian kalor suhunya tidak berubah (d-e). Proses d-e adalah proses dengan pemberian kalor suhunya tidak berubah (d-e). Proses d-e adalah proses MENDIDIH (Perubahan fase cair ke uap).

MENDIDIH (Perubahan fase cair ke uap).

Panas yang dibutuhkan untuk proses tersebut adalah : Panas yang dibutuhkan untuk proses tersebut adalah :

(6-24) (6-24) Kd = Kalor didih air.

Kd = Kalor didih air. Suhu 100

Suhu 100⁰⁰C disebut TITIK DIDIH AIR.C disebut TITIK DIDIH AIR.

Q = m . c

Q = m . c_airair..tt

Q = m . Kd Q = m . Kd

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Pernyataan di atas disebut ―

Pernyataan di atas disebut ―Asas BlackAsas Black‖ yang biasanya digunakan dalam‖ yang biasanya digunakan dalam kalorimeter, yaitu alat pengukur kalor jenis zat.

kalorimeter, yaitu alat pengukur kalor jenis zat. Contoh soal :

Contoh soal :

Berapakah kalor yang diperlukan untuk menaikkan suhu sebuah kawat tembaga yang Berapakah kalor yang diperlukan untuk menaikkan suhu sebuah kawat tembaga yang bermassa 2 kg, dari 20

bermassa 2 kg, dari 20 ^ooC sampai 80C sampai 80 ^ooC ?C ? Penyelesaian :

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Kalor jenis (c) es = 2100 J/kg C Kalor jenis (c) es = 2100 J/kg C^oo Kalor Lebur (L

Kalor Lebur (LFF) air = 334 x 10) air = 334 x 10³³J/KgJ/Kg Suhu es batu (T

Suhu es batu (Tes batues batu) = -10) = -10^ooCC Suhu teh hangat (T

Suhu teh hangat (T _{teh hangatteh hangat}) = 40) = 40 ^ooCC Suhu campuran = ?

Suhu campuran = ?

Langkah pertama : Perkirakan keadaan akhir Langkah pertama : Perkirakan keadaan akhir

Kalor yang harus dilepaskan oleh air untuk menurunkan suhu 0,2 kg teh hangat, dari 40 Kalor yang harus dilepaskan oleh air untuk menurunkan suhu 0,2 kg teh hangat, dari 40

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions! Start Free Trial

Cancel Anytime.

Titles you can't find anywhere else

Try Scribd FREE for 30 days to access over 125 million titles without ads or interruptions!